Chapter 21 Response to Qian Xuantong in "Spring and Autumn"

Response to Qian Xuantong in "Spring and Autumn" Brother Xuan Tong: You can beat me.I haven't thought about the nature of "Spring and Autumn" at all in the past few years, so I almost have to hand in a blank paper for your question.But your letter made me have to think about this question. The result of my thinking is as follows, please advise. First, Meng Ke said: "The Cheng of Jin, the Chu of Chu, and the Spring and Autumn Period of Lu are all one. Their affairs are based on Qi Huan and Jin's writings, and their writings are related to history. Confucius said, 'Its righteousness can be stolen by Qiu'." I Thinking about it, the sentence "his writing follows history" seems to mean that in terms of writing style, "Spring and Autumn" is a history, which is exactly "one" with the history of other countries.

Take a look at the "Cui Zhu Killing His King" recorded by Qi State Historian and "Zhao Dun Killed His King" recorded by Jin State Historian. The style of writing is exactly the same as "Spring and Autumn".Moreover, the sentence "Its meaning is stolen by Qiu", strictly speaking from a grammatical point of view, should be translated as, "As for the meaning inside, I stole theirs."The old note used "stealing" as a modest word, but I refused to let go of this sentence.I thought that Dong Hu and Qi Shi were all before Confucius; the authority of historians had already been established, so Confucius believed that he had stolen the meaning of "calligraphy" from historians and established the idea of ​​rectifying names.

Second, the so-called "Confucius wrote the Spring and Autumn Annals" at most means that Confucius started the trend of private scholars writing history.It is not easy to start a business, so Confucius' "Spring and Autumn" (even if it is not all the current version) is not necessarily much better than "Duanlan Chaobao".But private people can record historical events, which does worry the domineering officials.Therefore, there is a saying that "rebellious officials and thieves are afraid".There is no need for "slight words and great righteousness" in this matter, as long as you dare to tell the truth and remember the truth, you can attract people's attention (fear).Today's rotten newspaper office, even if there are high-ranking officials who are willing to pay a lot of money to buy it, let alone that somewhat stupid Mr. Kong Er?My British friend Arnold Toynbee compiles a volume of "International Relations Survey" every year, which is quite straightforward.

Over the past few years, every year, diplomatic authorities from various countries have expressed concern about his notes, often providing materials and asking him to correct them.This is the "friendship today" of the word "fear". (The story of Cui Haoxiu's history can be borrowed to prove it) Third, the descendants of Confucianism cannot continue Confucius' legacy of making history as a private scholar, but seek his old man's subtle words and righteousness in the Spring and Autumn Annals, which is not much better than Duan Lan Chao Bao.So the more we drilled, the more we found strange discussions.In fact, it is like what a Zen monk said, "A certain A only puts flowers on the incense burner, and the monk suspected that there was nothing wrong with him." (The gentleman who wrote "Zuoshi Chunqiu" seems to be an exception)

Fourth, today we cannot prove or disprove that the current "Spring and Autumn Annals" was written by Confucius; nor can we prove whether this book was written by Xunzi or his group.Because of its brevity, it resembles "Duan Lan"; in fact, we are used to Yin Xu's inscriptions, and Dong Hu Qi Shi's records, so we can assume that this "Spring and Autumn" is not a late book, and maybe it is Confucius's calligraphy imitating ancient history. And made.In the past ("History of Philosophy" 103), I once suspected that "Spring and Autumn" was "revised only after being interfered by wealthy families".Looking at it now, in that era, it was common for private records to be taboo.Even if Hu Shizhi and Qian Xuantong write the history of the country today, can they really be stern and not avoid taboos?

Brother Mao Zishui happened to be at my house and saw your original book and the first half of my answer. He wrote three opinions, as follows: (1) The foundation of "Spring and Autumn" can be recorded by Confucius' former historian. (a) Calligraphy is optional. (b) The nature of Duanlan Chaobao is due to the style of the early works, and the details must be oral rather than written. (2) Confucius had access to such a record and used it. (3) Confucius may publish the records of ancient historians and continue to record the events at that time. Zishui's opinion is not far from mine.

I wonder if the above can be regarded as handing in the paper? Thank you for putting so much effort into writing that long post for my birthday.When it is mounted, you will also be asked to sign and seal it, so that generations after thousands of years can save the time of research and verification. Appropriate nineteen, twelve, twenty "Recent Works on Hu Shi's Studies" Volume 5, Volume 1 [appendix] Mr. Qian's letter Appropriate brother: I have something to ask you today: Regarding "Spring and Autumn", what kind of book do you think it is now?In your "History of Philosophy", you said that "Spring and Autumn" should not be viewed as history, but should be regarded as close to what "Gong" and "Gu" said. It is a book of Confucius' "rectification of names"; ", regarding Qing Confucianism's return to "Gongyang" from the "Spring and Autumn Annals", it is too "shabby", and it is the same ridicule as the return to "alchemists" from the "Yi".I can make two explanations for your argument: (1) You still regard "Spring and Autumn" as a book of rectification, and you still take "Gong" and "Gu" as close; but for Zhuang, Liu, Gong, and Kang Zhu Gong's "Spring and Autumn" enlarged conference faction" always said "small words and great righteousness", "Zhang Sanshi", "understanding the three traditions", "deposing Zhou Wanglu" These words are too annoying, and they are too far away from the truth, so I use a "shabby" Words to knock it down. (2) Your views are different. You later thought that "Spring and Autumn" was just a "broken court report", not only without those subtle words, but also not the work of Confucius' rectification.I don't know which of these two explanations is right, please tell me yourself.

My current opinion is slightly different from what you said before.I think "Spring and Autumn" is indeed a book of rectification of names, but it may not be the writing of Confucius (Confucius never wrote a book in his life), it is probably a trick of Xunzi's group of people who like "long ceremony" and "rectification of names" Therefore, the author of "Gongyang Zhuan" should be the digital disciple of the author who wrote "Spring and Autumn". The words in "Gongyang" already have the meaning of "enlarged meeting", but when it comes to Dong Daoshi and He Laodi, the more they say it, the more they can't be questioned.As for the gentlemen of the Qing Dynasty, they digress further. To put it bluntly, they "reformed the system with the help of "Spring and Autumn"".Because I feel that the title of "Spring and Autumn" is indeed a bit strange: such as the neat fifth-class titles, so-and-so public, and so-and-so marquis,... will never change. Now it is proved in "Zhongding Inscriptions", I really don't think so It is the same thing; especially in the state of Chu, the title of "Son of Chu" is probably just a Confucian trick.In addition, it is quite suspicious to praise Song Boji like that.Therefore, I despise to think that the "Spring and Autumn" has some subtle words and great righteousness, which is certainly wrong; if it is actually considered to be the original of the "Government Gazette" of the State of Lu, it seems to be inconsistent.Do you think so?I hope to be grateful for the answer.

Brother Xuan Tongbai nineteen, twelve, nineteen "Recent Works on Hu Shi's Studies" Volume 5, Volume 1