Chapter 18 Eat to teach

Abundance Mr. Da Yi [2] in "A Dream of Wen Tong", because Liu Xie [3] claimed that his dream followed Confucius, it was the beginning of his thesis, and later he became a monk, so he ridiculed him for "bringing shame to the sage".In fact, since the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China, all scholars, Taoists and monks have been characterized by "no special exercises".Celebrities since the Jin Dynasty, everyone always has three kinds of gadgets, one is with the "Book of Filial Piety" [4], the second is "Lao Tzu" [5], and the third is "Vimalakirti Sutra" [6]. , and often do a little annotation.In the Tang Dynasty, there was a debate on the three religions[7], which later became ridiculed by everyone; the so-called Confucianism, writing a few Jialan inscriptions is not a big deal.Song Confucianism was dignified and stole the Zen master's quotations.In the Qing Dynasty, not far from today, we can also know that Confucianists believed in "Tai Shang Induction" and "Wenchang Emperor Yin Zhi Wen" [8], and would invite monks to come to their homes to worship and repent.

When Jesus Christ was introduced into China, believers thought they believed in religion, but ordinary people who were not Christians called them "eating religion".These two words really bring out the "spirit" of believers, and they can also include most believers in Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and can also be applied to many old heroes who "eat revolutionary food". People in the Qing Dynasty called the stereotyped essay a "stepping stone", because getting fame is like opening the door, and the brick is useless.In recent years, there have been so-called "claims" [9] in magazines. The release of "Modern Review" [10] was not for the purpose of oppression, but because of the soaring of authors of this school; the neglect of "New Moon" [11] was due to the "climbing" of the old members and the distance from the moon. .In order to distinguish this kind of thing from "stepping stones", we call it "ladder to heaven".

"Teaching" is not the case in China.There is a time to talk about revolution; another time to talk about loyalty and filial piety; 〔12〕There is an era when it is suitable to eat exclusively, which means that it should be determined by one statue, and there is an era when it is appropriate to eat together, then the teachings are not different, but one dish is whole duck, and the other dish is mixed.The same is true for Liu Xie. Gai only changed from "not withdrawing ginger food" [13] to fasting, and there is no difference in the amount in the stomach, not to mention that it is still the same for monks to annotate "Book of Filial Piety" or "Laozi". What about "natural justice"?

September 27th. [1] This article was originally published on September 29, 1933, in "Shen Shen Free Talk". [2] Da Yi is Chen Zizhan, a native of Changsha, Hunan, and a researcher of classical literature. The article "Dream of Wentong" was published in "Shenzhen Free Talk" on September 27, 1933. One section said: "The dream of Wentong was always shared by literati in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. By Liu Xie, The preface says: Yu Chi was in Yuli, tasted the ceremonial utensil of lacquer held by Yemeng, followed Zhongni to the south, and said with joy, it is so difficult for a saint to see, and the dream of a boy? Praise the imperial decree , Moruo commented on the scriptures, but the Confucianism of Ma Zheng, who has been refined, has a deep understanding, but has not established a family. Only the use of articles is the branch of classics. The five rituals are completed, and the six classics are used. He Mo is the first essay. It can be seen that Liu Xie dreamed of Confucius, and implicitly took the literary tradition as his shoulders, and used the orthodox tradition to let him become a rotten Confucian. It is a pity that he attacked heresy and converted to Buddhism. The same disease will bring shame to the saints without knowing it.” [3] Liu Xie (?—about 520) styled Yanhe, a native of Dongguan (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu) in Liangnan in the Southern Dynasty, a literary theorist.In his later years, he became a monk.

〔4〕 Confucian classics, the book of Confucius' disciples recording Confucius' words and deeds. "Book of Filial Piety", a Confucian classic, records that Confucius and his disciples once participated in a book about "filial piety". 〔5〕Laozi, also known as Laozi, is a Taoist classic, and it is said that it was written by Lao Dan in the Spring and Autumn Period. 〔6〕The full name of "Vimalakirti Sutra" is "The Sutra Said by Vimalakirti", a Buddhist classic. Vimalakirti is a Mahayana layman written in the scriptures. It is said that he was a contemporary of Sakyamuni. 〔7〕 The debate on the three religions first appeared in the Northern Zhou Dynasty and flourished in the Tang Dynasty.Every year on Tang Dezong's birthday, a debate on Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism was held in the Linde Hall. The form was very solemn, but the three parties all dealt with the scene with trivial questions of common sense, and there were no actual questions. Instead, they emphasized the "three religions" Homologous", often mixed with banter.During Tang Yizong's time, there were also materials of comedians using the "three religions debate" as a joke in front of the emperor (see "Tang Que History·Haiyuren" cited in Volume 252 of "Taiping Guangji"). 〔8〕 "Taishang Induction Chapter" and "Dao Zang·Taiqing Department" describe 30 volumes, titled "Biography of Li Changling in Song Dynasty".Hui Dong, a Confucian scholar in the Qing Dynasty, once commented on it. "Wenchang Emperor Yin Zhi Wen" is said to have been written by Zhang Yazi in the Jin Dynasty. "History of Ming Dynasty Li Zhi (4)" said that after Zhang Yazi died, he became the Shinto in charge of the world's salary, and he was called Emperor Wenchang.Both are books promoting Taoist karma superstition. [9] The so-called "advocacy" in the magazine refers to the "good government" proposition put forward by Hu Shi in the "Kung Fu Weekly". See note [5] on page 65 of this volume.

〔10〕 "Modern Review" comprehensive weekly, a fanzine run by Hu Shi, Chen Xiying, Wang Shijie, Xu Zhimo and others.It was founded in Beijing in December 1924, moved to Shanghai for publication in July 1927, and ceased publication in December 1928.Most of the main members of the modern critics later held important positions in education or reactionary politics. [11] "New Moon" A comprehensive monthly magazine focusing on literature and art sponsored by the New Moon Society. It was founded in Shanghai in March 1928 and ceased publication in June 1933. [12] This is a satire on the words and deeds of Kuomintang politicians like Dai Jitao.Dai Jitao pretended to be a revolution during the Great Revolution, and soon revealed his counter-revolutionary face, trying his best to advocate feudal morality such as loyalty and filial piety.Regarding his "making circles with the Great Lama" and "building pagodas and Tibetanism", please refer to note [5] on page 282 and note [6] on page 140 of this volume.

[13] See "The Analects of Confucius Xiangdang" for not withdrawing Jiang Shiyu.According to Zhu Xi's note: "Jiang, through the gods, removes filth and evil, so it will not be withdrawn."