Chapter 32 Translator's Notes on "Little Russian Literature" [1]

Translator's Notes on "Little Russian Literature" [1] Right article [2] from G. Translated from Karpeles' "General History of Literature", it is a rough sketch of Little Russian literature from its origin to the end of the nineteenth century.But there are still some famous writers in modern times, and we need to know those names: Michael Dragomarov, who is proficient in the modern spiritual trend of Europa [4], and Ivan Franko (1856—) and Vasyl Stefanyk, who are the authors who entered the new track; As for women, there are women's rights warrior Olgakobylanska (1865-) and Natalie Kobrynska (1855-), the leader of the women's movement.

September 9, 1921, the translator's note. ※ ※ ※ 〔1〕 This article, together with the translation of "Little Russian Literature", was first published in October 1921 in "Novel Monthly", Volume 12, No. 10, "The Literature of the Injured Nation", signed by Tang Qi . Little Russia, that is, Ukraine.The Ukrainian nation was formed in the 14th and 15th centuries, and has been oppressed by Poland, Turkey, Austria, Hungary and Imperial Russia for centuries.After the October Revolution, it became one of the republics of the Soviet Union. [2] The right one is the previous one.In the past, publications in our country were generally arranged straight from right to left, so it is customary to say this.

〔3〕G． Karpeles (1848-1909), Austrian literary historian.He is the author of two volumes of "History of Jewish Literature" and a collection of comments on Heine. 〔4〕Michael Dragomarov Michal Dragomarov (M. HN^BTmNUTJ, 1841-1895), Ukrainian historian, political commentator, and literary critic.He promoted the works of critical realism and ideas of revolutionary democracy in nineteenth-century Russia.When he was teaching at Kyiv University in 1875, he was dismissed for criticizing the tsarist system, and he lived abroad in exile the following year. 〔5〕Ivan Franko Ivan Franko (c.k.[HNF]T, 1856-1916), Ukrainian writer and social activist.He fought for the national liberation of Ukraine all his life. Between 1877 and 1890, he was arrested and imprisoned three times for publishing publications against Austrian rule.His main works include the collection of poems "High and Low", the long poem "Moses" and the collection of short stories. Vasyl Stefanyk (B.C.dYIoNFP], 1871-1936), Ukrainian writer and social activist.In college, he participated in activities of some progressive organizations.Most of the novelettes and short stories she wrote reflect the poor and painful life in the rural areas of Western Ukraine.

〔6〕Olga Kobylanska Olga Kobylanskaya (O.G.gTSR^UBFX]NB, 1863-1942), a Ukrainian female writer.Her writing expresses the ideas of the struggle for women's social rights.In 1941, he published an article denouncing the German fascist occupiers, and died of illness before being persecuted.The main works include "People", "He and She" and so on. Natalie Kobrynska, Natalie Kabrynskaya (H.c.gTSHRFX]NB, 1855-1920), Ukrainian female writer, founder and organizer of the Galician women's movement.He has written many short stories that reflect the pain of rural women in capitalist society, as well as novelettes such as "Asha and Katruxia", "Making a Living", and "Re-elected Representatives".