Chapter 12 "Thoughts·Landscape·Characters" [1]

"Thoughts·Landscape·Characters" [1] Inscription (2) Two or three years ago, when I translated "The Charm of Beijing" from this collection of essays, I never thought of continuing the translation and accumulating it into a volume.Whenever I don't want to write a composition, or I can't write a composition, but I can't write a composition, I always use a little translation to deal with the problem, and I like to choose a translator and reader, and the two are effortless articles.This one is suitable. It is written in a straightforward manner, not difficult, but the shadow of China is clearly visible.I have very few books, and later I also selected and translated several articles from here, which are probably about ideas and literature.

The author's specialty is law, the interest of this book is politics, and what he advocates is liberalism.I don't know much about these.I just think that the observations on the current situation and national character of Britain and the United States, and the comments on several figures, such as Arnold, Wilson, and Murray [3], are all very clear and to the point, and the eloquence is like a bottle of water, which makes people uncomfortable. Jue final volume.I heard that there are quite a few young people who want to read such texts.Self-reviewed old translations, there were already twelve long and short ones, so I simply translated and added eight more under the glass window amidst the tide of "revolutionary literature" in Shanghai[4], and compiled them into one volume for printing.

There are thirty-one original books.As the author said in the preface, "From the second chapter to the twenty-second chapter, it is the reflection; after the twenty-third chapter, it is the travel diary and the reflection on the trip." In the first part, I selected and translated Fifteen articles; from the second part, only four articles were selected for translation, because from my point of view, the author's travel notes are light and subtle, but often too light and subtle, making people feel like reading miscellaneous newspapers in daily newspapers, so Less interest in translating.The article "Speaking of Liberalism" is not the text I paid attention to.

For myself, I think what Qu Ti said, that freedom and equality cannot be sought or obtained at the same time, is more insightful, so people have to choose one first.However, that is exactly what the author researches and yearns for. In order not to lose the true nature of the book, he specially translated that part. Here are a few disclaimers.My translations and introductions were originally intended to let some readers know that there are such things or people, thoughts, and remarks in ancient or modern times; they are not intended to be used as a guide for words and actions.There are still no satisfactory articles in the world, so as long as I feel that some of them are useful or beneficial, as mentioned above, I will start to translate them, but once translated, although there are gaps in the whole article. The parts that go against my will will not be abridged.Because what I mean is that changing the truth is not only a disservice to the author, but also a disservice to the readers.

I used the same method when I translated Yin Chuchuan Baicun's "Out of the Ivory Tower".And in the "Postscript", I mourned the author's early death, because I firmly believe that the author's opinion was considered radical in Japan at that time.Later, I saw Mr. Yuanfa’s essay on Shanghai’s "Revolutionary Women" [5], and I realized that he was quite interested because he read the author’s other book "Impressions of Beimi" [6] in favor of the doctrine of a good mother and a good wife. Blame my slip of the tongue, and regret that the author died early.This really terrified me.I am too lazy, so the selection of translations has never been so strict. I think that if we want perfect books, there will be absolutely no books in the world that can be read, and if we want perfect people, there will be only a limited number of people in the world who are worthy of living.Every book, from everyone's point of view, has its advantages and disadvantages, which is unavoidable in today's time.I hope that readers of this book will appreciate my statement above.

For example, "On the Method of Handling Affairs" in this book is a very common essay, but it has given me a lot of benefits.I have always been doing things, and I always keep in my heart all the time, so I tend to get tired easily.That article indicates that it is not good to have such a temper. People must not be stagnant in things.I think this is something that can be imitated no matter what you do, but it must not be confused with the Chinese ancestral saying of "not taking things seriously", that is, "not being serious". There are three illustrations in the original book, but I changed them because I thought they were not quite suitable for this article, and added a few more than the original number to show the characters and places mentioned in the article, hoping to increase readers' interest.I would like to express my gratitude to the few friends who helped me collect pictures, and the gentlemen who taught me the original text that I didn't understand.

On March 31, 1928, Lu Xun completed his translation in Shanghai Apartment Building. ※ ※ ※ 〔1〕"Thoughts·Landscape·Characters" is a collection of miscellaneous essays by Yusuke Tsurumi, Japan.The original book was published in 1924 by the Dai Nippon Eloquent Society in Tokyo, Japan, with a total of thirty-one essays.Lu Xun selected and translated 20 articles, 13 of which (including the preface) were published in newspapers and periodicals at that time ("Beixin" Weekly, "Beixin" Bimonthly, "Yusi" Weekly, "Beijing News") before they were published in separate editions. Supplement", "Wildland" semi-monthly, "People's Literature and Art Weekly").

Tsurumi Yusuke (1885-1972), a Japanese critic, once studied in the United States.In addition to "Thoughts, Landscapes, Characters", his main works include "Travel to Nanyang", "Impressions of European and American Celebrities", "Biography of Bailun" and so on. [2] This article was originally titled "On Thoughts, Landscapes and Figures", together with the translation of the preface to "Thoughts, Landscapes, Figures", and was published on May 28, 1928, in the fourth volume of the weekly "Yusi" The twenty-second issue was later included in the separate edition of "Thoughts Landscape Characters".

[3] Arnold (M. Arnold, 1822-1888) British literary critic and poet.Author of "Literary Criticism Collection" and so on.Wilson (W. Wilson, 1856-1924), the twenty-eighth president of the United States, a Democrat.Morley (J. Morley, 1838-1923), a British historian and political commentator, was once a cabinet minister of the Liberal Party. 〔4〕"Revolutionary literature" refers to the revolutionary literature advocated by literary groups such as the Creation Society in 1928. [5] On "Revolutionary Women", Mr. Yuan Fa's thesis is pending investigation. 〔6〕 "North Rice Impressions" is "North American Impressions", a Miscellaneous Notes of Youmei written in 1917 by Japan's Chu Chuan Shiramura.There is a Chinese translation by Shen Duanxian, which was published by Shanghai Jinwu Bookstore in 1929.

Notes for the Translator of Talking Humor (1) The word humor, transliterated as "humor", is the beginning of Yutang [2].Because those two words seem to have meaning, and are easily misunderstood as "quiet" and "quiet", etc., so I don't agree with them, and they have never been used.But after thinking about it several times, I finally couldn't think of any other suitable words, so I decided to use the ready-made ones to finish the job.Nineteen twenty-six, one two, seven.The translator is known in Xiamen. ※ ※ ※ [1] This article, together with the translation of "Speaking of Humor", was originally published in the first issue of the second volume of the semi-monthly "Mang Yuan" magazine on January 10, 1927, and was later printed as a separate volume.

〔2〕 Yutang is Lin Yutang (1895-1976), a native of Longxi, Fujian, a writer.He studied in the United States and Germany in his early years. After returning to China, he served as a professor at Peking University and Xiamen University. In the 1930s, he edited magazines such as "Human World" in Shanghai and advocated so-called spiritual humor literature.He is the author of a collection of essays "Jie Fu Ji" and so on. "Life in the Study and Its Dangers" Translator's Notes [1] This is an article in "Thoughts·Landscape·Characters". I don't write when it was written, but it probably came out because of something.The author is a jurist and likes to talk about politics, so this is my opinion. A few years ago, Chinese scholars [2] had a campaign to teach young people to hide in their study rooms.At that time, I had a slight objection [3], but it was just that I was afraid that after entering the study, the young man would leave the real world and become an idiot—a foolish idiot, not a brave idiot.Unexpectedly, he is still charged with the crime of "excessive thinking", and the young people who are a little bit moved by the real life in the real society have at most suffered unexpected disasters.At the end of the translation of this article, thinking about the freedom of speech in Japan, I really "can't help but sigh with emotion"! The author wants people living in the study to get close to the society, in order to make them aware of the "world commentary" and correct their obsessive thinking.But I thought it meant incompletely. First, we must first look at what kind of "world review".If it is a corrupt society, the only thing that will come out of it is corrupt public opinion. If we learn from it and correct ourselves, the result, even if we are not in the same boat, will become smooth.According to my opinion, a fair world review makes a person humble, while an unfair or gossip-based world review makes a person arrogant or sneering, otherwise, he must die of anger or be forced to death. June 1, 1927, translator's notes. ※ ※ ※ [1] This article, together with the translation of "Study Life and Its Dangers", was originally published in Issue 12 of Volume Two of the semi-monthly "Wild Plains" on June 25, 1927, and was not published in a separate volume. [2] Scholars refer to Hu Shi and others.Hu Shi founded "Effort Weekly" in 1922. In its supplement "Reading Magazine", he urged people to "walk into the research room" and "sort out the national history". After the "May 30th" Movement, he published an article "Patriotic Movement and Studying" in the thirty-ninth issue of the second volume of "Modern Review" (September 5, 1925), advocating that one must first study to save the country, and tried to use Students break away from the patriotic movement. [3] One point of objection Lu Xun pointed out in a letter to Xu Bingchang on March 29, 1925 (see "Hua Gai Ji Newsletter"): "In the first three or four years there was a school of thought, which ruined quite a few things. Scholars often persuade people to walk into the research room...it is a trick they have set up publicly, it is a spiritual shackle...unexpectedly, many people are imprisoned in some room or palace, it is not a pity." "Broken Talk" also expressed its opposition to "entering the research laboratory".