Chapter 2 "Extraterritorial Fiction Collection" [1]

"Extraterritorial Fiction Collection" [1] preamble 〔2〕The collection of foreign novels is a book, and the words are written by Pu Na, which is not enough for the translation of modern celebrities〔3〕.It is specially collected to be prudent, and the translation is also expected to not lose the text.The new sect of foreign literature and art began to enter China.If there is a scholar, he is not bound by common customs, and he must take it into his heart [4]. According to the period of the state, he will read his heart and mind to understand the place of his mind.So although this is the micro-retting of the great wave, the thinking of nature and interpretation [5] actually resides here.In the field of Chinese translation, there is no sense of delay.

The fifteenth day of the first month of Jiyou. ※ ※ ※ 〔1〕"Outside Fiction Collection" is an anthology of foreign short stories jointly translated by Lu Xun and Zhou Zuoren. A total of two volumes were published in Tokyo, Japan in March and July, 1909, signed "Compiled and translated by the Zhou Brothers in Kuaiji", published by Zhou Shuren, and consigned by Shanghai Guangchang Long Silk Shop.The first volume contains seven original novels, signed by the translator of "Treating People" (Andreev's "谩" and "Mo"); the second volume contains nine original novels, signed by the translator of "Treating People" Piece (Karson's "Four Days").In 1921, it was updated and revised into one volume, published by Shanghai Qunyi Publishing House.

〔2〕This article and the next one, "Short Cases", were originally printed in the first volume of the first edition of "A Collection of Foreign Fictions". [3] Modern celebrities refer to Lin Shu.Lu Xun said in a letter to Masuda on January 16, 1932: "The Collection of Foreign Fictions" was published in 1907 or 1908, and Zhou Zuoren and I were still in Tokyo, Japan. At that time Foreign novels translated by Lin Qinnan in ancient Chinese are popular in China. The articles are indeed very good, but there are many mistranslations. We are dissatisfied with this and want to correct it, so we can do it.”

〔4〕Li Ran has a heart-to-heart saying in "Zhuangzi Shanmu": "The sound of wood and human voice Li Ran has a heart." Li Ran has a clear and clear meaning. [5] Sex solution genius. Slight example Recorded in one episode, there are mostly modern sketches [1], and later it will gradually include masterpieces before the nineteenth century.In addition, the literature trend in modern times is the most prosperous in Northern Europe, so the collection and translation are biased.However, since there are so many volumes, it will be followed by southern Europe and the states of Eastern Thailand [2] to make a statement outside Fu Yuyu true.

All the nails are newly styled, and the three sides are left as they are without cutting; therefore, there is no pollution even though they have been read several times.The beginning and the end of the front and back chapters are not related to each other. In the future, we will be able to see the differences between the past and the present of the country and gather them together into a book.Moreover, the surroundings of the paper are extremely extensive, so the timing is not narrow and narrow. If a person's place name is as good as the original sound, and if there is no saving, the phonetic translation will replace the words of the special domain and keep the same sound; if it is deleted or changed, it will be dishonest.Therefore, in the time of Ning Fuli, people migrated with full ears.The place name has no other auspiciousness.The names of people are Germany, France, Italy, Britain, and the United States, the two words of Da Di (3), and the first name is Shi.Russian three words, the first real name, the second father's name Jia Ziyi, and the second family name [4].When two people called each other, they mentioned more than two names, saying that the son of a certain person was certain, but not his family name.Hungary is the first to have a family name and then a name, and it is the land of Datong; it is the most recent time to follow the example of other countries, and it is also reversed.

one!table loud,?Difficulty in expressing questions has become commonplace in recent times, and it is not ready for interpretation.Therefore, he has dotted lines to express endless expressions, or to stop in the middle of the language.There is a straight line to indicate a slight pause, or it is used in parentheses if it is above or below a sentence.For example, "Children from famous families - aged fourteen or five - "Also arrives", it is like saying that children from famous families also arrive; and the age of children is fourteen or five years old. The allusions in an article are noted in brackets.If he does not care about the grand purpose, he will record it in the miscellaneous knowledge at the end of the volume together with the author's biography and the untranslated original text.I was lucky enough to examine it while reading it.

※ ※ ※ 〔1〕Essay here refers to short novels. 〔2〕Taidong used to refer to Western countries as Taixi, and Taidong generally refers to countries in the Far East. 〔3〕Da Di probably. 〔4〕Russians' names consist of three parts: the beginning is their own name, followed by the suffix of the father's name as "his son" or "his daughter", and finally the surname. Miscellaneous knowledge (1) Antlef [2] Antlef was born in eighteen seventy-one.The first article "Mo" became famous; it is the author of the contemporary Russian literati.Its writing is mysterious and deep, and it is a family of its own.He has written many sketches, including a volume of "Chi Ai", which records the events of the Russo-Japanese War (3), and various countries compete to interpret and translate it.

Karson 〔4〕Karson V． Garshin was born in 1855, during the Russian-Turkish campaign (5), he tried to join the army as a soldier, and returned after being wounded. He wrote "Four Days" and "Diary of Ivanov the Pawn".The family was deeply saddened by the world, so he changed wildly, and healed after a long time. There is an article in "Jiang Hua", which is a self-record of its shape.In his later years, he was writing, especially when he was sad.One of the current translations has different texts and sentiments, especially for all works.In the eighty-fifth year, he suddenly surrendered to your lordship, and died at the age of thirty [6].

In "Four Days", in the battle between Russia and the Turks, Karxun was in the army and returned from injury. This is also a record of the situation at that time.He hated war deeply and could not be rescued, so he went to it with his own body.Looking at the article "Weak Head", we can see its meaning. "Chuluo", the Turkic people call the Egyptian farmers so, the word comes from Arabia, it means a farmer. "Ba Ni", the Turkic official name, is still the governor of this land.At that time, the British assisted the Turks, so the article said, "Although the Pibodi or Martini blunderbuss specially made by the head country [7]..."

※ ※ ※ [1] Here are two "Miscellaneous Knowledge": the first section about Andreev and the first section about Garsun, originally published in the first volume of the first edition of "Outside Fiction Collection"; the second section about Garsun The section was originally published in the second volume of the first edition. 〔2〕Andreev (C.D.EFGHIIJ, 1871-1919) interpreter Andreev, a Russian writer.Exiled abroad after the October Revolution.He is the author of the novels "Red Smile" (that is, "Chi Ai"), "Seven Hanged Men", scripts "Into the Stars", and "A Life of Man", etc.

[3] The Russo-Japanese War refers to an imperialist war waged between February 1904 and September 1905 between the Japanese imperialists and Tsarist Russia to compete for the rights and interests of aggression in Northeast China and Korea. [4] Karson (K.L.MNHHOPF, 1855-1888) Russian writer.His main works include short stories "Four Days", "Safflower" (ie "Jianghua"), (ie "Weak Head") and so on. 〔5〕The Russian-Turkish War was the war between Tsarist Russia and Turkey from 1877 to 1878. It is also called the "Russia-Turkish War" here.Turkic, the old name of Turkey. 〔6〕Thirty years should be thirty-three years.The preceding "eighty-five years" is also a mistake of eighty-eight years. 〔7〕The transliteration of English Pivotgun in Pibodi, which means rotating gun.The Martini gun, the Martini rifle, was invented by the Hungarian Martini Frederick (1832-1897) and used by the British army from 1871 to 1889. Preface [1] When we were studying in Japan, we had a kind of vague hope: we thought that literature and art could transfer temperament and transform society.Because of this opinion, I naturally thought of introducing new foreign literature.But to do this business, first, knowledge, second, comrades, third, effort, fourth, capital, and fifth, readers.The fifth was unexpected, but we had almost none of the above four: so we could only operate on a small budget. Let’s try it, and the result was the translation and printing of "A Collection of Foreign Fiction". The original plan was to prepare the resources to print two consecutive volumes, and then print the third, fourth, and even the Xth volume after selling back the cost.Continuing on like this, the accumulation of little things will add up to more, and we can also briefly introduce the works of famous writers from various countries.So I made clear preparations, and in February 1909, the first volume was printed, and in June, the second volume was printed.The consignment places are Shanghai and Tokyo. Half a year has passed, and I settled the bill at the nearest consignment office in Tokyo.Twenty-one copies of the first volume were sold, and twenty copies of the second volume were sold, but no one bought them again. Why did the first volume sell more copies?Just because there is a very close friend who is afraid that the consignment store will not follow the price and ask for extra, so I went to test it once, and it was exactly the same. , which shows that those 20 readers are must-reads, and none of them stopped. We are very grateful so far. As for Shanghai, it is not yet known in detail.I heard that it only sold about 20 copies, and no one bought it after that.So the third volume had to be suspended, and the finished books were piled up in the stocking room of the Shanghai consignment office.Four or five years later, this consignment office unfortunately caught fire, and our books and cardboards were all reduced to ashes; our dreamy useless labor of the past was completely wiped out in China. In recent years, several writers have suddenly mentioned "The Collection of Stories from Outside the Territory", so people often ask about "The Collection of Stories from Outside the Territory".But "A Collection of Foreign Fictions" had already been burned, and there was no way to publish it.A few friends, therefore have great advice to reprint, as well as ideas.For this opportunity, I also found two books left by myself from the paper package that had not been opened for a long time. When I read the translation of this book, not only are the sentences blunt and "squeaky" [2], but there are also some extremely bad parts, which are really not worthy of reprinting.It's just his essence, but it still has the value of existence now, and it should also have the value of existence in the future.Many of them are worth translating into vernacular, especially for him.It's a pity that I don't have a lot of time for this, - only the article "The Chief" [3] was translated in vernacular and published in "New Youth", so I had to reprint the old translation of classical Chinese for the time being. up.But from another point of view, the second coming of this book may not be meaningless. There were only two volumes in the original translation, so writers from various countries were partial and incomplete; now that it is re-edited, there are more and more disadvantages of overweight and underweight.After I returned to China, I occasionally translated some sketches for rural daily newspapers and unpopular magazines. As long as the drafts were with me, I added them by the way; a total of thirty-seven articles, my short stories translated from classical Chinese , it can be said that it is all inside.Only three of them, Karsun's "Four Days", Antlef's "谩" and "Mo", were translated by my elder brother. In the original translation, a few out-of-the-way words were often used, but now they have been changed, so as not to have to be specially coined by the printing bureau; as for the inexplicable places, some small notes are still used to explain briefly; the author's brief biography is attached at the end of the volume—— — If I occasionally have a little opinion on the short stories I have translated, I will mention them in the brief biography. When "A Collection of Foreign Stories" first came out, people who had seen it often shook their heads and said, "I thought it was just the beginning, but it's already over!" At that time, there were very few short stories, and scholars were used to reading one or two hundred chapters, so short stories It is equal to nothing.Now is not that time, don't worry about it.What I can't forget is that I once saw a magazine that also published an article "Yangke the Musician" by Xian Keweizhi [4], which was only a few words away from my translation, but it added two words Saying in small print, "Funny novels!" I still feel a pang of emptiness.But I don't believe in the psychology of the human world. In the world, it will really be so different. Most of the things described in these thirty or so short stories are unavoidable in China; as for the characters in Karsun's works, I am afraid that there are almost no characters, so it is even more difficult to pay attention to.The same human beings are by no means unable to understand each other; but the prejudices of the times and lands can obscure people's minds, so they often cannot see the hearts of others as brightly as a mirror.Fortunately, it is not that time now, and this section probably does not need to be considered. If this "A Collection of Foreign Fictions" is not because of my translation, but because of its original essence, if readers can get something, I will feel that I am extremely happy. Recorded in Beijing on March 20, 1920. ※ ※ ※ 〔1〕This article was originally printed in the new edition of "A Collection of Foreign Fictions" jointly published by Shanghai Qunyi Publishing House in 1921, and signed "Zhou Zuoren Ji".Later, Zhou Zuoren explained this in "About Lu Xun No. 2": "After eleven years, Shanghai Qunyi Publishing House is willing to reprint it, adding a new preface, making me famous, and it was also written by Yucai." 〔2〕The term "解誳聱牙" comes from Han Yu's "Jinxuejie": "吉誳聱牙", which means that the writing is difficult to read. 〔3〕The Chief is a short story written by Poland Xiankeweizhi.Its vernacular translation was published in the fourth issue of the fifth volume of the monthly magazine "New Youth" (October 15, 1918). 〔4〕Sienkiewicz (H. Sienkiewicz, 1846-1916) Polish writer.His early works mainly reflected the painful life of Polish peasants and the struggle of the Polish people against alien aggression.Later, he wrote more historical novels, such as "Fire and Sword", "Where Are You Going?" ",Wait.