Chapter 3 Lectures of Fudan University

Jiang Yihua, Dean of the School of Humanities, Fudan University: Dear Mr. Li Ao, teachers, students, and guests, good morning. The past few days are at the climax of Fudan University’s Centennial Celebration. Tens of thousands of alumni and distinguished guests from home and abroad have gathered To Fudan campus to celebrate this important festival, we welcomed a distinguished guest at the moment of many happy events, this is Mr. Li Ao who is famous at home and abroad for his uniqueness. Please allow me, on behalf of all the teachers, students and staff of Fudan University, to extend a warm welcome to Mr. Li Ao's visit to Fudan University, which has added splendor to our school celebration.Let me first introduce a few gentlemen on the podium. The first one is Mr. Li Ao, whom everyone has admired for a long time. The second one is Dr. Qin Shaode, Director of the School Affairs Committee of Fudan University. The third one is Liu Changle, Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of Phoenix Satellite TV. gentlemen.My name is Jiang Yihua, I am a teacher in our History Department, and now I am the principal of the School of Humanities.Mr. Li Ao, Mr. Qin Shaode, and Mr. Liu Changle are invited to sit down now.

Jiang Yihua: I study the history of Chinese thought in the twentieth century. I noticed very early on that when Mr. Li Ao was a first-year student in the history department of National Taiwan University in 1961, he wrote "Hu Shi the Sower" The two articles "Hu Shi's Experience and Works" fully affirmed Hu Shi's historical achievements as a seeder of new culture, and stood out for Hu Shi, who was under the siege of a group of Kuomintang imperial literati at that time. When I talked about the history of modern Chinese thought, I regarded Mr. Li Ao as the successor of the liberal tradition represented by Hu Shi, Yin Haiguang, Lei Zhen and others, and he was a practitioner.Mr. Li Ao was once evaluated by Hu Shi as "knowing Hu Shizhi better than Hu Shizhi". As a stubborn fighter who insisted on the belief of ideological and academic freedom, Mr. Li Ao has been imprisoned for many years, but these adversities have tempered Mr. Li Ao's sharp critical character The books he wrote, such as "Research on Sun Yat-sen" and "Research on Chiang Kai-shek", are all dedicated to using facts and a large number of precious materials he has mastered first-hand to break all kinds of myths created by others and restore the original appearance of history. It is not only historical theory, but also political theory. These works make Mr. Li Ao the most influential representative of liberalism.Mr. Li Ao has written many books and has an independent and distinctive personality. He has always dared to think and think what no one has thought before. Now many of his books are published in the mainland, and he is abbreviating Mr. Li Ao through a special program on Phoenix Satellite TV.

Jiang Yihua: Although Mr. Li Ao is more than seventy years old, his body still looks middle-aged, and his spirit and thought still maintain the sharpness and vitality of a young man.Today, the topic of Mr. Li Ao's speech is "The Opportunity of Humanities in China". This is the third speech he gave on his cultural trip to China after Peking University and Tsinghua University.China is in the great process of transforming from ancient civilization to modern civilization. How to pay full attention to the development of humanities in the process of modernization is a major issue that we all have been concerned about.In the 1980s, the discussion on Chinese cultural theory and the humanistic spirit in the 1990s all originated in our Fudan University, and these two raging fires were first ignited by Fudan University.Today, many professors and young students from our school's School of Humanities and other disciplines, doctoral students, master students and undergraduates participated in Mr. Li Ao's speech. I believe that Mr. Li Ao's speech will definitely be welcomed by Fudan. Applause for Mr. Li Ao's speech.

How important is the prosperity of a country Li Ao: Thank you, Mr. Liu Changle, without you I would not be standing here today.Dean Jiang is an old friend of mine, so I can make a joke. He deliberately made my speech academic today, so he became like this and sat with him.In fact, I told everyone that his speech was too long, and his Mandarin was not good enough.The knowledge is first-rate, but the language is not good.Let me tell you that I am most afraid of this kind of lecture hall. The reason has been mentioned before. As a lecturer, he has to take care of everyone very politely. But when the lecture hall is like this, from left to right, from right to left , I feel like I am an electric fan.

Today I'm here to say that I'm old-fashioned, and you haven't seen the Shanghai I've seen.As far back as 56 years ago, when I left Shanghai, I saw a scene on the Bund, in front of the bank, Shanghai policemen riding big horses with leather whips in their hands and beating the crowd. How did the crowd come here?As soon as the martial law was lifted at 5 o'clock in the morning, people flocked to banks in Shanghai from all directions. What were they doing?To run on gold.The gold was seized by the Kuomintang government at that time, and people’s property was seized with gold coupons. That is to say, if you have gold at home, except for the gold ring on your finger, you can exchange it for gold coupons from the government.If it is not exchanged, the gold will be confiscated and the law will be dealt with.After the gold was looted by the Kuomintang government, it suddenly had to be sold overnight, that is, after you bought one tael, you could sell it for two taels outside, so the Shanghai people went crazy and tried their best to sell gold.At that time, there was a group of policemen in Shanghai called "Fortresses in the Sky", who rode big horses and beat with leather whips, and they couldn't beat them. I saw with my own eyes a ruined government, a lost Republic of China, when the army was finally defeated. what it looks like.

I fled to Taiwan with them, I didn't have a choice at the time because I was only 13 years old.When I return to Shanghai now, after 56 years, do you know how I feel?Even if I have seen such a miserable scene, you have not seen it, and you will not feel any difference, but for me, I know how important a country's prosperity is, especially in Shanghai, I saw it, please applaud . Lecture on "Nun Sifan" in Fudan This time I returned to the motherland to give a lecture in three sessions. The topics that Dean Jiang gave me just now were all fake. My real topic is three positions. At Tsinghua University, I want to talk about Bodhisattvas lowering their eyebrows. What I want to talk about in Fudan University is about nuns thinking about the world.Why talk about Nun Sifan?Talk about our ideal and reality.

In the Yuan Opera, we can see those sarcasm words about nuns. The young nun was only twenty-eight years old, and her hair was shaved off by her master. It's called Sifan, which is more pragmatic. A Hungarian writer who was a Communist Party at the time, and later broke away from the Communist Party, called Kasli, wrote a book called "Darkness in the Afternoon".This book tells that when the old Communist Party was punished and he was about to be shot, he finally said to the young Communist Party who punished him, son, don’t try to forcefully create heaven.But think about it, everyone, we really worked hard to build a heaven. According to Deng Xiaoping, he spent 20 years fighting wars before the age of 45, but after 49 years, we must admit that the Chinese Communist Party worked very hard to create Out of a paradise.

But Deng Xiaoping said that 20 years of it was wasted, why was it wasted?The Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution wereted all this time, why?We think of a story about the Han Dynasty. There was an emperor in the Han Dynasty. It is wrong for you to call him Han Gaozu. He should be called Han Gaodi.The emperors of the Han Dynasty were Gaodi, Huidi...the Xiandi, the Xiandi is the Three Kingdoms, do you know how much my memory is?Han Gaodi Liu Bang hated the intellectuals, hated the students of Fudan University (laughs), when the intellectuals came, they wore hats, grabbed the hats and peed under them, just looked down on these people.There was a man named Lu Jia, and I talked to him about how to govern the country.Liu Bang said, I won the world immediately, and Lao Tzu won the world on horseback. Who wants to listen to the lectures of intellectuals?Lu Jia said a word, you can win the world immediately, but you cannot rule the world immediately. To rule the world requires professional talents.When I was in Beijing, I said that this professional talent came from Peking University and Tsinghua University. When I went to Shanghai, I said that it was from Fudan University. (laugh)

We paid the price because there were no professionals who desperately tried to build heaven with patriotic zeal.But we look back and wonder, do we have a chance to build a paradise?When the method is right, when the time comes to work, we feel that there is an opportunity to create heaven. Today is a great opportunity for China Think about it, everyone, there is a foreign saying: The opportunity of the Chinese is ironic and despised. Slim chance, as long as you become Chinese, there is no chance.But now I think that we Chinese have a chance, not only the Chinese have a chance, but also Chinese culture and Chinese characters.

Let me give you an example. According to our stereotypes in the past, Chinese is difficult to learn, and Chinese is difficult to recognize, isn’t it?Our great Communist Party once worked hard to eliminate this Chinese language. The Communist Party’s efforts over the years have only resulted in the success of simplified characters. But do you know that simplified characters have problems in modern times? Where is the problem?When you don’t write Chinese, Chinese is easy to learn. Let me tell you, Chinese is the simplest culture in the world. In terms of grammar, it is a very simple grammar. The spring breeze is green on the south bank of the river. This green can be an adjective As a verb, our Chinese has such an excellent ability to change, do you know?This kind of thing used to be said that Chinese is not conducive to development, and we want to eliminate it, but think about it, we want to eliminate it today, and found that the Chinese salty fish suddenly turned around, because of the current technology, when typing, we found a word and a sound is the best input method.

When we know that there are many homonyms in Chinese, we know there are difficulties, but we solve them.The character "衣" in the clothes I wear has 156 homophones, just like the character "李" in my Li. Some have sounds but no words. How to solve this problem?It remains to be faced by Fudan University.Our Chinese has carried it forward, why can't it be eliminated?It has such a thick cultural foundation, why?It has an ancient book of 100,000 characters behind us. It is not an Egyptian or Babylonian script. Chinese is a living language. We speak English now, and English was a local language in the 14th century, and it was a native language in the German style.At that time in the United Kingdom, parliamentary meetings spoke French, university lectures taught French, and quarrels spoke French.But when the British came out with Shakespeare, Johnson, and these people, English became more and more powerful.Today, English directly threatens the languages ​​of the world, including French and Chinese.But now when computer technology appears, English is not a threat to us. We find that there is such a good foundation to develop our Chinese and develop our thinking in Chinese.The so-called Chinese way of thinking is that in the past, Chinese think tank groups often used four-character idioms to express ideas. Everyone knew this idea, but when we thought about it carefully, we realized that there are many good words in it.If the house is on fire and everyone rushes out the door, please pay attention to the word Duan. The word Duan is very important.I, Li Ao, spoke well, and they burst into tears. I spoke so well, and tears almost came out.After defeating the Kuomintang, the Kuomintang fled in hopelessness. Everyone should pay attention to the Chinese character Wang, which has some excellent features in Chinese. I have to tell everyone that although your Chinese is very good, it is true that you can't catch up with me, why can't you catch up with me?Because you are missing a trick, what trick?That is, I have the ability to make any abstract thing concrete. In addition to mathematics, literature and Chinese must be quantified.For example, I stand here, we describe the three generations of old, middle-aged and young, and I will tell you how we describe it. I will say that when I was young, I cared about size. After middle age, I cared about length. When I was old My concern is hard and soft.Since life is divided like this, I went to No. 1 just now, and when I was 60 years old, I went to No. 1 and came out. Everyone knows that there is a zipper on the front of our boys’ pants, and there is a cloth cover in front of the zipper to cover this zipper. It is called FLY in English. When I was 60 years old, I often urinate, and the zipper was often not closed. When I was 70 years old, I often urinate without the zipper. It is important to describe me at 60 and 70 in specific ways. .When we say this is a girl, this is an old man, this is not the best Chinese, when we say this is a beauty, this is white hair, this is the best Chinese. In the language of four words, now I am relying on the old to sell the old. Think about it, everyone, how interesting the four words are to rely on the old to sell the old. It is leaning on the old, but it is also ostentatious, as if sitting on a chair. This is what I call Chinese It has its good language, its good expression, and its good artistic conception.And when Chinese was computerized, we discovered that simplified characters are difficult to recognize, but traditional characters are easy to recognize.It is easy to recognize according to the original structure, and it is easy to recognize when we don't write it.So let's think about it, whether we should use the advantages of Chinese to develop it with modern technology. We have a lot of artistic conceptions that foreigners don't have.For example, there is an AJAR in English, that is, the door is ajar. There is no such word in Chinese. We can use the Chinese artistic conception, so we write books, write the West Chamber, and say that under the moon, the windward house is half open, and the flowers and shadows on the wall move. It is suspected that the jade man came.This is the artistic conception of Chinese.For example, in the Yellow Valley of the Song Dynasty, he suddenly said that the fragrance was coming. When they heard that the fragrance was coming, everyone smelled it like this. He said it was wrong. A scent comes into your nose, the scent is active and you are passive, so the scent you feel is the scent.Such a delicate feeling can be seen in our Chinese literature.The same Huang Shanshan also said that when he was demoted as an official, once he went to the city gate tower and locked him in. It was raining outside and people could not get out. He stuck his feet out of the window because of the rain. When it got to his feet, he said that I have never felt so happy in my life. Do you think of this artistic conception?This is an amazing mood.So we can retain so much artistic conception in Chinese language and characters, and in Chinese thought, and we can carry it forward with the current technology. When I talk about these things, I want to tell you that when something appears, we have this opportunity.There was a writer in the United States, Mark Twain. This grandson made a lot of money in his life, but he wasted it because he liked to invest and make a fortune, but every time he invested, he failed.In the end, a person came and said that I have a gadget. If you talk to it like this, the next door will hear it. It is the phone.But Mark Twain said, what kind of game is this? I don’t want to invest, so he lost this opportunity. He wanted to invest for the rest of his life. In the end, he missed the most investable one. This is a question of opportunity.I think we have encountered a good opportunity today, and the Chinese should face an opportunity.I often say that we have never encountered such a good opportunity in the past, but we have encountered it today, and we must cherish this opportunity. Some people suggested to me, Li Ao, that when you come to Beijing, you have to scold the Communist Party to enjoy yourself, and some people also suggested to me, that you have to praise the Communist Party to enjoy yourself when you arrive in Beijing. I, Li Ao, are here to play for you! ? (laugh) I just told Boss Liu Changle in the car that the world has its own way, and one has one's own foundation.People like us say what should be said, what should be right should be right, and what should be wrong should be wrong.However, we know that speech must be skillful, and rigid speech is not good.So I gave a lecture to everyone. The first lecture was Vajra’s glaring eyes, the second lecture was Bodhisattva’s lowered eyebrows, and the third one was nun Sifan. Why is it called Sifan?That is, women will become men in their next lives, and men will become Buddhas in their next lives. This is the whole spirit of Buddhism.It is a nun's ideal that a woman will become a man in her next life, but in reality she feels that the world is full of flowers and feasts, and she feels very sorry, this is a real problem.So what I mean is, let's stop talking about ideals now, and talk about reality a little bit. give up liberalism There is a newspaper in the United States. The person who runs the newspaper is called ABBOTT. He wrote memoirs in his later years. His father was a writer who wrote children’s books. Before he died, his father told him that 90% of all church disputes in the world were caused by noun battle.When this little ABBOTT got old, he recalled this passage. He said that I recalled that my father told me that 90% of all religious disputes in the world are disputes over nouns. He said that I found that my father was not good at math. It turned out that the last 10% were also noun battle. We now see it as being pragmatic. Have you seen that I am a famous liberal, why did I publicly declare that I am willing to give up liberalism when I arrived in the motherland? Why?Because liberalism itself is illusory.From the 17th century, the 18th century to the 20th century, what liberalism wants is to implement a part, that is, to myself, I ask myself to get spiritual relief, to close the door and do it with myself, and to go out is the relationship with the government , I want the government to give me freedom of speech, freedom of thought, freedom of publication, and freedom to speak publicly at Fudan University. This is what I did with the government.But think about it, everyone, when these things are listed one by one in the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, who needs liberalism?I want a constitution, I don't want liberalism. In the same way, everyone, communism is the same. Communism is the best ideal of mankind. From each to his ability, to each according to his needs, this is of course the best ideal.What we talk about in China is to abandon the evil on the ground and not to hide it in oneself; the evil of power does not come from the body and does not have to be for oneself.The former sentence means each takes what he needs, and the latter sentence means each does his best.This ideal is the best ideal of mankind, but I must say that this ideal cannot be achieved without the process of human greed.What greed?That is, I do more work and do less work, and my salary is the same as yours. Human greedy desires appear, and I stop working hard. After I go to work, I read newspapers, cut my nails, and poop.How about encouraging people?It is what Deng Xiaoping said, let some people get rich first.We sound angry, but in fact this is human nature.When people become human, we will have a pragmatic attitude towards our problems, liberalism, communism, these words can be less, say a few words when you are happy, or say a few words when doing research. There Are No Political Prisoners in Qincheng Prison But what I mean is that it is too far away from us. Deng Xiaoping said that the next generation is smarter than him. In his whole life, Deng Xiaoping fought for 22 years before the age of 45. After 45 years of age, he went on the wrong path for 20 years, and then he had the opportunity to come Save the situation.As you know, we have not encountered these troubles today, so we can't feel these difficulties. Now when the weather is calm and there is no more struggle, we realize how precious this moment is to us.Some people say no more fighting, they are also intrigue, do you know, the intrigue comes from Du Mu's "Ode to Efang Palace", saying that the buildings above the Efang Palace are all intrigues, it was originally such an allusion.Now we say that there will inevitably be intrigues and struggles for power and profit. Why do I say that I will visit Qincheng Prison this time?Do you know what I mean, at least I don't see political prisoners in Qincheng Prison, I think this is the biggest progress of China. So I tell everyone, listen to what I say, I am already 70 years old, I am getting old, what I agree with when I speak, and what I am against, I dare say that I am absolutely alone, I am not influenced by others.But let me say it again, when I say it should be fierce, it should be fierce, when it should be gentle, it should be gentle, and when it should be joking, I will joke, but after you laugh, you realize that there may be tears in your eyes. Look at the Wen Wei Po two days ago. You noticed one thing. There are 60 committee members in Hong Kong, and one-third of them talk about democracy with us, or with the Beijing government. The Beijing government may say If you don’t say it, I, Li Ao, can say it. You are really democratic, right?That's right.Why didn't you fight when the British ruled you?Why did you fight for the British who returned Hong Kong to us after 1997?Fighting for democracy is good, but fighting for it is too late. One-third of this group of people can go to foreign countries at will, but they are blocked at the door. You don't want to come to the mainland, so one-third of the congressmen, those who advocate democracy, cannot come to the motherland.They were allowed to come two days ago, and they were welcomed. Members of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee personally welcomed them.What do you pay attention to?Notice that when we have an opportunity, when we have confidence, don’t think that the Communist Party will not open up, we think it will open up, we force it, coax it, lie to it, persuade it, and it will open up. I have talked about this, and I have talked about the language of Chinese Zen, which is to kill the Buddha when you meet the Buddha, kill the ancestor when you meet the ancestor, and kill the Arhat when you meet the arhat. What does it mean?It's not killing people, it's killing your mind.So in the past, President Lincoln said, he is my enemy, and I will destroy him.A few days later, he was walking hand in hand with his enemy. People asked President Lincoln, isn’t he your enemy? Don’t you want to destroy him?Didn't President Lincoln say I was wiped out?Has the enemy disappeared and become my friend? Let me tell you that there is a saying in China that riches and honor cannot be promiscuous, poverty cannot be moved, and power cannot be subdued. To put it mildly, fashion cannot be moved. This is a real man. What is fashion?To those Communists who want you to say good things about them, it is fashionable to praise the Communist Party; to those Taiwan independence elements with ulterior motives, little Japanese imperialists, to these people, it is fashionable for you to criticize the Communist Party, can you still live?We speak when we need to, and we scold when we need to, but again, I am very particular about skills, and it is not good to have no skills. Gong Dingan in the Qing Dynasty was very talented. He may have committed adultery and was poisoned to death by his own wife. He has two lines of poems: The subjects are as important as the subjects, and the subjects are passed down from one person to another. The subjects are the imperial examinations. If I become the number one scholar, I have a title, and the subjects are as important as the person, that is, I graduated from Fudan University, but today I am Mao Zedong, who graduated from Fudan University.Subjects are based on people, and subjects are also important, because people are more important than others.But it can be known from people to people that this person has nothing. It is said that I graduated from Fudan University and rely on this title to mess around. We all know what kind of person this kind of person is.What I mean is to tell everyone that you should not only come out of Fudan University, but also surpass Fudan University. This way, because of your radiance, this is the real feedback to your school. You may be the last to hear what I said today, because I am getting old.As for what I want to say, my three speeches will end today, and I might say my final farewell to everyone.Why so pessimistic?Because when I was young, I listened to the lectures of Mr. Hu Shi, who gave me a thousand yuan. After I listened to it, I said: I must listen to it, and I can’t listen to it again.Why not listen?So how can you not listen to the lectures of famous university scholars?I can't listen to it again, and the second lecture is still the same. I have the most knowledge here, let me tell you, why?I didn't have any chores, and I was studying by myself with the door closed all day, so I read more than them all.With my mature wisdom, please pay attention, you laugh all the time, let me tell you, Lu You wrote a poem before you, and don’t laugh at each other. Don't laugh and say that your predecessors made a sentence and don't laugh at each other. After I die, you will be crazy about me. After I die, you will think about me like crazy. Let me tell you that I am here today to give a speech to you. What I want to say, you must keep a very clear mind. Let me say a word, friends in the motherland, in science, technology, and natural science They are all excellent, and they are also excellent in humanities and archaeology, but I must say that when it comes to the ideological level, especially the social science level, our friends in the motherland have suffered losses for so many years. The reason is none other than Marx.Because you have to use Marx's signature to perform deduction and publish academic papers.I think it was a mistake, it's good now, we've figured it out now, knowing that Marx is a little bit farther away from us, we've figured it out now, so I think it's a good thing.The true freedom and openness means that we are not allowed to be deceived by others, and we have the ability to distinguish ourselves.But I must say that the losses suffered by our friends in the motherland have been suppressed, covered, and covered up when it comes to thinking in social sciences. Therefore, after this speech, I hope everyone will say goodbye to Marx! Let me tell you guys, Fudan University is 100 years old today, do you know how much difference there is in 100 years?The shoes you wear have left and right feet. 100 years ago, no matter the shoes worn by Chinese or foreigners, there is no distinction between left and right feet. Can you imagine?It's not a big deal, but do you know how much has changed in a hundred years?Mr. Ma Xiangbo, the true founder of our Fudan University, lived to be 100 years old himself. He can experience these, so we can see the feelings of those who live to 100 years old.President Roosevelt of the United States served a very long term. He had three vice presidents. The first vice president was called Garner, the third was Wallace, and the third was Truman.Ghana is a big fat man who smokes, drinks alcohol and is overweight. He lives to be 100 years old. All the principles of hygiene do not apply to him. These people who live to be 100 years old, from Ma Xiangbo to Ghana, how does it feel to see these people passing through time and space ?Don't think I like to listen to you, but to see you Fudan University is 100 years old. As early as a few days ago, a 100-year-old person attracted me. On September 18 this year, do you know a person's 100-year-old?She didn't live to be 100 years old, but it was her 100th birthday. Her name was Garbo. She was a big star back then, and she destroyed herself.Garbo is more attractive to me than Fudan University. But one of my jokes may interest you. An old birthday star lived 100 years old. He wants to celebrate his birthday in festivals. He said to his eyes that you are 100 years old, happy birthday, and said to his nose, nose nose, 100 years old Yes, happy birthday, at the end he bowed his head and said, if you are alive, you will be 100 years old. Thanks to the dean for coming to see me yesterday. After he left, I spoke ill of him behind his back. I told Boss Liu and our dean Wang that he was a nerd.I admire nerds, but I can't do it anymore, so I left this thing and wandered outside.So when I speak in your university, you turn me into an academic speech, I am really cruel, but I say that it is not academic, but I must tell everyone, because my speech can make you alert, and it will be good for your life . When Liang Qichao and Kang Youwei met, Kang Youwei said something to him, which turned into an attempt to influence an era by two people.Let me tell you that in the past, there was a man named Lei Zhen in Taiwan who ran a magazine called "Free China" for 10 years, advocating freedom and democracy. Let me tell you that his influence only took root on one person and blossomed. It was me, and it only affected me.Ladies and gentlemen, I hope that it is good to influence you alone. If you become national leaders in the future, because of your enlightened and unrestrained thinking, you know what reform and opening up is really, and I think it is very good to promote it. things. Count the romantic figures and look at the present Ladies and gentlemen, Chairman Mao has a famous phrase. Everyone remembers that when he talked about who is a hero, he finally said that everything is gone.I told everyone about the word "Merry", now the word "Merry" is bad, now you say that Li Ao is very romantic, you think I am Ximen Qing, you think I am very romantic, but this word is good.The Chinese language has its changes, and some characters have changed from bad to good. For example, in the Song Dynasty, if you called a girl Miss, she would give you a bad mouth, because the prostitutes in the Song Dynasty were called Miss, but now these two Character change was good.Some characters have become bad. Turtle was originally a good character, but now it is said that this person is a bastard, and it becomes a bad character.But the word Merry is a bit out of shape, but it still had a good meaning when Mao Zedong used it, so in the end it is said that the number of Merry people is the past, and the number of Merry people is still based on the present. Now there is a website that says that counting romantic figures still depends on Jintao.Let me tell you, I am many years older than Hu Jintao. In my eyes, he is not the general secretary. I cannot see him that way.Just like I look at Director Qin, he is Teacher Qin, I admire him a lot, he looks very good, you did something wrong. (laugh) So, I say as a big brother, I hope my little brother Hu Jintao is really romantic, which is not a bad thing.Not only is he romantic, the heroic regime is over now, and the literary talent is still alive today.The heroic separatist regime is over now, who wants to prevent the reunification of the motherland?These people are all gone, and the motherland is unified, but the literary talent is left behind.Today our Chinese culture, Chinese characters, Chinese spirit, and Chinese monsters have all survived. I hope that I will be as talented as Hu Jintao with everyone. Thank you everyone! Let me add a word, I saw a book whose author is Jiang Yihua - "Enlightenment in the Absence of Rationality", this is my performance today.Not very rational, lack of rationality, but you are not ignorant, so there is still a little enlightenment. (laugh) (Answer questions from the audience) Question: Hello, Mr. Li Ao, it is my honor to ask you a question.I am a 03 graduate student at the School of Journalism, Fudan University. I think your consistent remarks can be summed up in two colors: gray and pink.Gray is for criticism, pink is for women.A friend of yours once said a word: women are the ones you love the most in your life, and the ones you look down on the most are also women. I would like to believe that you are very sincere to all the women around you, but I think it is difficult for me to see equality.What I want to ask you is whether women in your dictionary are objects of your sincere admiration and appreciation in addition to the symbols you like and pursue. In addition, a well-known political scholar in the United States said that he once said that if the world is ruled by women, it will be more peaceful.I would like to ask you, in your opinion, is a world dominated by men more prone to war, or a world dominated by women is more likely to lose peace? Li Ao: Thank you, I am very afraid that you will ask me this kind of question, because I am afraid of any question involving Ximen Qing.Of course women are lovely and beautiful, but some ideas are problematic. The reason is that women are too emotional, because emotional things will cause trouble.For example, in democratic politics, why some countries did not give women the right to vote in the past is because she was emotional.President Wilson of the United States, such an excellent president almost lost the election, why?That is, his wife died, and the time between remarriage was too short. With the conservatism of American women at that time, they thought this guy and this grandson were unlucky and ruthless, so they did not vote for him and almost lost the election.May I ask, can such voters engage in democratic politics?impossible. Of course I respect women, of course I love women, and I also admit that women are the best as political leaders, like Mrs Thatcher in Britain, and of course we should not forget Wu Zetian and the Queen Mother.Thank you. (Big tidbit: Answering the invitation from the vice president of Hainan University to invite Li Ao to Hainan. Li Ao: I returned to the motherland this time, and I didn’t get any money, and I still lost money. But if you want Hainan Island, let me tell you, we have to set a price.) Question: My question is what kind of spiritual outlook or customs in the Tang Dynasty are lacking in our era?Another question is that when a person lives in the world, should he try to adapt to this era, or should he try to let this era adapt to himself? Li Ao: Thank you.Maybe you misunderstood one of my meanings. I didn't want to be a Tang Dynasty person, I wanted a Tang Dynasty person to be me.As for the other issues you mentioned, I have to tell you that I think there is a kind of activeism in life. What is activeism?It's the difference between when you do it and when you don't. I am a proactive person, so I believe that if we work hard to do many things, there will be different results. Complaining, sarcastic remarks, cursing with the door closed, and banging the table and benches with the door closed are not healthy.Similarly, I think it would be bad to express everything with a kind of grief and indignation.Why do I not like Lu Xun?I also don't like the scar literature after the Cultural Revolution?I tell you, there were too many tears.This is what Deng Xiaoping was sarcasm about. Crying and crying are worthless. We are men, so we should not be worthless. Question: The first question is why do you say that you are the first Chinese writer since the writing of vernacular Chinese?How did you come to this conclusion?The second one thinks that he is much smarter than Lu Xun. We know that Li Ao is a great thinker. Excuse me, why do you say you are smarter than Lu Xun? Li Ao: I have deaf ears, and my ears often cannot hear sounds that are not good for me (laughs). Why do I say that I am the top three in writing vernacular in 500 years?Because I'm stating an absurdity.拉丁文有一句谚语，因为它荒谬所以我才相信。这件事情很荒谬，所以我深信不疑。 第二个问题请你收看凤凰电视台里面，我这一阵子对鲁迅的批评。我只告诉大家，鲁迅有他的时代性的功劳，可是今天我们还抱住鲁迅，我们太落伍了。我们觉得我们不应该这样落伍。大家注意，我说胡适都说得很清楚，我这次花了35万人民币捐铜像给胡适。我说的很清楚，我捐的胡适，是新文化时代的胡适，不是跟蒋介石交朋友的胡适。鲁迅的功劳我们没有否认，可是俱往矣，数风流人物还看李敖。 (laugh) 放弃自由主义换取宪法落实 提问：李敖先生你好，我是来自于复旦大学05法学的同学。我知道您在此之前一直被看作是自由主义派的，而且是很多人把您当完全西化的自由主义派。但在今天的演讲中，您好像是非常地推崇中国的文化，而且是公然宣称您放弃了自由主义，是什么促使了您的这种转变？ 李敖：我告诉你，这就是我的进步。请大家注意，我来做着买卖，大家没有看到我在交换吗？我用自由主义换什么？换中华人民共和国的宪法要落实给我们看，大家没有看出来吗？我想你那么聪明，应该能看得出来。 提问：我这个不是问题。我知道您藏书十数万册，包括一些名人的手记您也收藏了很多。想问问您，有没有考虑过什么时候能把这些资料和书籍捐给我们大学？最好是我们复旦大学，再好一点就我们姜老师在的人文学院历史系，给我们资料室，因为我是历史系的学生，对这个很关系。 李敖：我懂你的意思，你不是历史系的学生，你是商学系的学生。 提问：还有一个就是您前几年说，要写的两本书？ 李敖：都不写了。我的脊椎疼，不写了。我已经写了1500万字，今天要捐给贵校的《李敖大全集》，40本。事实上我写了80本，3000万字，要写的都差不多了。顺便跟大家讲一下，为什么叫做《李敖大全集》，不说李敖全集？像鲁迅这样，为什么带个大字？为什么你那么拽、那么神气，那么不谦虚？我告诉你，我已经很谦虚了，我叫李敖大全集，没有叫大李敖全集。 (laugh) 钱可以保护我们的自由 提问：我是复旦大学中国文学研究中心的硕士。首先感谢您今天对我们的母语--汉语的深切的关怀。因为全国高校唯一的语言文化报--《雅言》，就是我们复旦语委创办，并且一直坚守到现在。 我想请教两个问题。一个就是如果您要创办一所大学的话，您准备提出一种什么样的校训来作为对青年后学的忠告？第二，刚刚您讲到龚定庵，诗避席畏闻文字狱，著述都为稻粮谋，这是龚定庵的精神困境。神州白发两飘飘，牺牲终继莫悬琴，这是马一孚的精神困境。您认为当下的人文知识分子，他面临的一种最严峻的精神困境是什么，又如何寻求这种突围和救赎之道？ 李敖：我跟各位说，司马光写，294卷，写好以后给每个朋友看，大家都睡着了。只有一个朋友叫王胜之，算勉强看一遍。我讲这个故事是告诉大家，我向院长特别致意，你不要太难过了。 司马光接见后进的时候，他先问你你家里有没有钱。大家很奇怪，说我们的国务总理级的人怎么见面问这么一个小的问题，这么一个不上路的问题，怎么问我家里有没有钱呢？原来司马光就考验你，家里没有钱的人，就是富兰克林的那句话，两个口袋空的人，腰板站不直，你没有竞争的能力。金钱是一种力量，竞争的的力量。说我不在乎，我不要钱，我像颜回一样，一箪食，一瓢饮，在陋巷，人不堪其忧，回也不改其乐。可是，32岁，痨病鬼，死掉了。Why?你没钱。还有，如果颜回结婚了，儿子得了了盲肠炎，需要开刀，你要不要求爷爷告奶奶，双膝下跪，你会的。当你没有金钱的力量的时候，你就没有支撑点。所以当时你谈了这么多计划，我很务实的告诉你，得自己腰包里揣一点钱，才能够谈一切，否则得话，一切都落空。 我们讲的话很现实，可是告诉大家，我们中国知识分子都看不起钱，看不起经济的力量。像毛主席一样看不起，至少他搞不好，邓小平骂他，说他不懂生产力，为什么这样？有钱是非常重要的一个力量，可以保护我们的自由。 今天，我可以看到，大家注意到没有，中华人民共和国宪法里面修改了一条，我们可以有私人的财产，大家知道吗？我们在改变，我们在进步，可是有钱是非常重要的。How are you rich?第一先调查你爸妈的钱包，他们有没有钱，如果有的话，就不要死了再给你，先分给你。如果没有钱你干什么？建议你培养一套安贫乐道的人生观，认命、钓鱼，不要硬撑。否则的话，觉得你没有这些能力而想做这些事情是很危险的。我告诉大家，当毛主席起来革命的时候，当他没有钱的时候，他会碰到老式的中国文人章士钊，送钱给他，大家知道吗？ 现在谁会送钱给我们？我那个时代是一段佳话，当我裤子进当铺得的时候，胡适送一千块钱给我。但有些人会讲风凉话，说你收买年轻人，可是胡适如果不送一千块钱给我，他还是胡适，他并没有少什么。可是他送了给我以后，大家想不到，在这么多年以后，会发生这种效果。我捐出来1500倍的钱，并且要在北京大学给他立铜像。为什么北京大学有蔡元培的像、李大钊的像、毛泽东的像、马寅初的像，没有胡适的像，今天我回来了，就干这个事情，当然党中央会犹豫，我们不同意，我说钱不要退，我等着你，可是别忘了，我70岁了，我等不了很久了，我还要去海南岛。 提问：李敖先生您好，我是复旦大学历史系的一位教员，我问您一个关于台湾历史教科书的问题。在白岩松采访您的时候，以及前几天在清华大学演讲的时候都涉及到这个问题。您认为杜正胜、周梁楷他们所做的台湾历史教科书所引起的争议您因为不足虑，您说一个聪明的小孩子等他自己长大以后，他自己会获得这种历史认同和民族认同。但是我们反过来想想，杜正胜、周梁楷这些台独分子他们自己也是从小孩子长大的，尤其在他们念书的时候还没有这种系统的有计划的去中国化的教材，他们变成了台独分子，您这样对小孩子的期待，我认为是一种放任自流的做法，您认为这种做法针对这种有系统的、有计划的、有步骤的这样一种去中国化的过程有效吗？ 李敖：谢谢你！我们常常被我们的自己的经验所困惑，我们常常把台独当成一个反叛的势力，或者是一个革命的势力，他们是反叛人物，或者他们是革命党，你们搞错了，为什么？因为中国共产党打天下的过程里面，他自己是玩真的，所以像毛主席一家死了五口人，并且包括他在另外还有长征的时候丢掉的一个儿子，他的那个局面就是古人说的，数天涯，依然骨肉，几家能够，都是这样子。 可是因为这种经验，打天下的经验使他感觉到，有人在台湾要打天下，有人在台湾要变天，有人在台湾是天要下雨娘要嫁人，这怎么可以！所以你们紧张了。我告诉你们，这些人我都认识，陈水扁和我一起办杂志，他们我是太清楚了，是玩假的，他们是嚷嚷，觉得台独是有市场。当然有一些日本人在煽动，可我告诉大家，没有台独问题，只有中美问题，美国在撑腰，美国也是历史反革命，而不是现行反革命。Why?美国过去和蒋介石挂钩，它有那种军事合作的关系，有大吃小的关系。在我们和美国人建交以后，那些老的关系一时掐不断，所以今天形成这样，可是美国人也知道，不能够真的支持他们搞「台独」，所以台独分子嚷嚷半天，你是「总统」，为什么不独？你是「执政党」为什么不台独？你有「国会」的半数为什么不台独？因为你是孬种，你是玩假的，他是一个假货。 所以我常常讲一段故事，你们在毛泽东文集和在毛选集里面都看不到那篇文章，在1920年9月毛泽东在长沙《大公报》写的一篇文章，他说，全中国各省都对不起我们湖南人，我们湖南要干吗？湖南要独立，毛主席主张湖南独立。请注意，10个月以后，毛泽东就组织了中国共产党，10个月他就想通了，不能搞地方独立，而要搞统一的国家，以毛主席那么英明都要想10个月才能想得到。台湾离开祖国110年，我们要不要给台湾同胞一点时间，一点机会，让他想一想？不要动辄就讲我要打他个稀巴烂。 提问：非常荣幸是最后一个问题，但是我有两个问题：李敖先生，不知道您有没有听过余光中的一句话，说越是天才越怕死，他说莎士比亚是一位天才，他的蓝墨水冲不淡他对死亡的恐惧，今天我看见您3000万字的李敖大全集，我仿佛看见一个句点的落下，是您对生命的留恋、对死亡的恐惧让您有这个动力写这3000万字吗？当然我希望您长命百岁，因为我很喜欢您的书。我还看过您的节目，其中有相当部分的内容在北大的演讲的时候有雷同，比如说提到过艾森豪威尔、巴顿将军、麦克阿瑟，这些在书上都有，请问这是您老板刘长乐有安排，还是您真正成熟的智慧可以信手拈来？ 李敖：我的老板刘长乐是安排了我这次回到祖国来演讲、接洽，到处白吃白喝，别的他安排不了。我的思想、方法，刘长乐老板他太年轻了，跟我不完全一样，虽然我们是同党。我告诉你，刚刚你说我怕死，你在我文章里面看到我怕死，我14岁的时候写的文章，我14岁的时候怕什么死？所以我认为这个不是问题，问题是我们对生命的看法。我告诉你，基本上对人生，我这个年纪有某种程度的悲观，我不相信基督教，可是《新旧约全书》最后的启示录第六章第八节有一段说，见有一匹灰色马，骑在马上的，名字叫死，我告诉你，我随时会骑上灰色马，再见！