Chapter 13 Chapter 12 Successful Peace Talks The Ancient City of Beiping Gets a New Life

On January 16, Mao Zedong sent a letter to Fu Zuoyi in the name of Lin Biao, commander of the Pingjin front line, and Luo Ronghuan, political commissar. "General Fu Zuoyi: "Your general accepted the false orders of the Nanjing Kuomintang reactionary government to 'suppress bandits and rebellion', and led hundreds of thousands of reactionary troops under his command to launch brutal attacks on Suiyuan, Chahar, Hebei, Rehe and the People's Liberated Areas and the People's Liberation Army in northern Shanxi. ...Wherever your troops marched, they massacred people, raped women, burned villages, looted property, and did everything they could... Our army was ordered to conquest, all for the purpose of punishing the people. Your general did not dare to fight in the field, and led hundreds of thousands The army retreated to Pingjin and resisted in the cities, causing the people of the two cities to suffer. The army has repeatedly notified your generals and nobles to care about the lives and properties of millions of people in the two cities. The cultural relics of thousands of years are the key to the future of the country. For the lives of light and heavy industries and noble officers and soldiers, two methods were proposed: disarming peacefully or going out of the city to reorganize. In Tianjin, the representatives of the city council went out to negotiate. The army immediately welcomed them and reminded the following points:

(1) Our army hopes for a peaceful solution so that Tianjin will not be destroyed. (2) The Tianjin defenders should voluntarily lay down their weapons and ensure that they do not destroy public or private property, weapons, ammunition, and official files. (3) The army guarantees the safety of life and property of all officers and soldiers who voluntarily put down their weapons and their families. (4) If the defenders are unwilling to automatically lay down their weapons and want to resist to the end, the army will take offensive action. On the day the city is broken, the reactionary leaders of the defending army will not be treated the same as the enemy officers captured by their own army when fighting in small cities and villages, and their punishment will be increased.The representatives of the city council negotiated twice with the representatives of the army, but they were sabotaged by Chen Changjie, the commander of the city defense of Tianjin, and Lin Weichou, the commander of the 62nd Army, so that there was no result.At the last opportunity, General Gui ordered the defenders in Tianjin to adhere to the false order of the bandit leader Chiang Kai-shek and resist to the end.The army had no choice but to start a general offensive at 10:00 am on the 14th of this month, and the battle was resolved by 3:00 pm on the 15th.It is enough to prove that the resistance of the defenders has no effect.Now that Tianjin has been liberated, the people see the sun again, and welcome the People's Liberation Army with thunderous cheers.Beiping has been besieged for more than a month, and the suffering of the people is increasing day by day.Our army has repeatedly postponed the attack time, hoping for a peaceful solution, but so far no results have been obtained.As a war criminal, your general, if you still want to gain the understanding of the people and reduce the responsibilities due to your status as a war criminal, you should follow the instructions of your army at this last opportunity to seek self-redemption.The method is as follows:

(1) Put down weapons automatically, and ensure that cultural relics are not destroyed, revolutionary people are not killed, public and private property, weapons and ammunition, and official files are not destroyed.If your general and your family can do this, then our army will guarantee the safety of the lives and properties of your officers and soldiers.Regarding your general's responsibility for war crimes, there are also reasons to explain the situation to the people, obtain the people's understanding, and grant relief or pardon. (2) If your general and nobles are unwilling to lay down their arms automatically, but are willing to leave the city to reorganize, then our army may also allow this in order to protect Beiping from destruction.Our army can allow your army to leave Beiping, march into designated places, and be reorganized into the People's Liberation Army according to the system of the People's Liberation Army.The above two methods are up to your general and your family to choose freely.Once again, our army is willing to give your general and nobles enough time to consider and prepare.

This period is stipulated to start at 1:00 am on January 17, 1949 and end at 12:00 pm on January 21.If your general and nobles dare to brazenly disregard the proposal of our army and want to sacrifice this cultural ancient city and the lives and property of two million citizens and resist to the end, then our army will save this ancient city from being destroyed by your general and your nobles , will carry out the siege.When besieging the city, our army will use precise tactics to make the heaviest blow fall on those who dare to resist.As for nobles who are unwilling to resist, no blows will be given and lenient treatment will be given.On the day the city is destroyed, your general and the reactionary leaders of your family must be severely punished, and no leniency will be tolerated. "

That night, Deng Baoshan, Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, and Nie Rongzhen discussed the time and place when the Peking Kuomintang troops left the city, the principles and specific methods for reorganization, the principles and specific methods for the resettlement of officers above the North China "Suppression General" regiment, the military and political institutions of Peiping City, culture, education, health, etc. A basic agreement has been reached on the receiving method of the unit. The two parties agreed that Su Jing, Chief of Staff of the Northeast Field Army, would go into the city with Deng Baoshan, and draw up the terms of the agreement. Zhou Beifeng would stay at Wuliqiao temporarily to facilitate contact between the two parties.

On the 17th, Fu Zuoyi held a council of seven provinces and cities in the council building across from Xinhuamen. All officers at the general level were present. The result was one-sided. He unanimously demanded peace talks and elected He Siyuan, the mayor of Peiping, and Lu Fu and Kang Youwei's granddaughter Kang Tongbi on the spot. Eleven people drafted a telegram, and it was decided that five people including He Siyuan would go out of the city tomorrow to contact the CCP.Those who are not convinced by the attending generals dare not speak out. Knowing that it was irreversible, Chiang Kai-shek sadly sent a telegram to Fu Zuoyi. The telegram said: "We have been together for many years and know each other deeply. My brother is in trouble. He has his own ideas and has nothing to do. Yu Jin only asks for one thing. The plane flew to Peiping, and the officers above the school level and the necessary weapons were transported away. I look forward to the good agreement of many years and provide assistance."

Regarding Chiang Kai-shek's last request, Fu Zuoyi sent a telegram to "comply with it"; on the other hand, he ordered Wang Kejun, the political director of the "Suppression General" to inform the PLA of the situation, and asked the PLA artillery to bombard the Tiantan Airport, so that Chiang Kai-shek would take away his direct corps and leave. Flat's plan went bankrupt. On January 21, in a luxurious courtyard with Western architectural style in Dongjiaomin Lane, Su Jing, representative of the Pingjin Front Command of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and Wang Kejun and Cui Zaizhi, representatives of the North China Headquarters of the Kuomintang, formally signed the "On the Peaceful Resolution of the Peking Issue". protocol".

The full text of the agreement is as follows: In order to quickly shorten the war, achieve the peace of the people's will, preserve the industrial and commercial foundation and cultural relics and historical sites, in order to promote the early realization of the complete peace of the whole country, so that the vitality of the country will not be damaged, the following items are announced by agreement between the two parties: (1) Since 10:00 am on the 22nd of this month, the two sides have ceased fighting. (2) During the transition period, the two sides will send personnel to set up a joint office to handle relevant military and political matters.

(3) The original organizational system and original designation of the troops below the corps (including the corps) in the city began to move outside the city on the 22nd, and they were reorganized about one month after arriving at the designated location. (4) Troops relocated outside the city can carry a week's worth of supplies, which will be resupplied by the joint agency in the future. (5) The North China Headquarters established an end office, whose job was to manage and restrain the troops leaving the city, and jointly handle the replenishment of the troops leaving the city with the joint organization.The time for its completion shall be when the above work has been gradually handed over to the frontline headquarters of the People's Liberation Army and its supply agencies to take over.

(6) To maintain order in the city, in addition to the original police and guarding warehouse troops, necessary troops will be temporarily retained to maintain law and order as needed, and will be replaced one by one after the People's Liberation Army guards enter the city, but Mr. Fu can still retain necessary guards. (7) Beiping administrative agencies and all central and local public and public enterprises, banks, warehouses, cultural institutions, schools, etc. temporarily maintain the status quo, do not destroy or lose, wait for the aforementioned joint agency to handle, and ensure the safety of their staff.

(8) The Hebei Provincial Government and its affiliated institutions shall temporarily maintain the status quo, shall not destroy or lose, wait for the above-mentioned joint agency to handle, and ensure the safety of its staff. (9) Golden Yuan Coupons can be used as usual, pending another exchange method. (10) The intelligence personnel of the military command and the central command stopped their activities and waited for processing.Unless there are ulterior motives in violation of this order, and those who engage in sabotage with solid evidence will be dealt with according to the law, they will not be blamed for the past. (11) All military projects must be stopped. (12) To protect the lives and properties of embassies and consulates, diplomatic officials and foreigners in peace, without violating national laws and regulations. (13) After the joint office is established, the political prisoners will be released.The former captured high-level military officers in North China were all released after they were handed over in Beiping (middle and low-level officers can be released at any time). (14) With the assistance of both parties, the medical treatment of wounded and sick officers and soldiers in the former North China region, the burial of those killed in battle, the pensions for the survivors, and the placement of military dependents can still be properly handled by the End Office of the North China Headquarters. (15) Posts and telecommunications will not stop, and external contacts will continue to be maintained (military representatives will be sent to inspect). (16) Various news papers will continue to be published, and the registration will be re-examined later. (17) Protect the freedom and safety of cultural relics and historic sites and various religions. (18) The people are safe and sound, and don't disturb each other. The annex to the "Agreement" stipulates that the joint office shall be composed of 7 people, 4 from the PLA, and 3 from the North China Headquarters; the PLA will be the director, and the North China Headquarters will be the deputy director; Bing and Ye Jianying are the directors; the personnel in the North China Headquarters are appointed by Mr. Fu.After the Fu Department was moved outside the city, it began to be reorganized into the People's Liberation Army. In terms of personnel, the People's Liberation Army agreed to appoint them. The principles are as follows: those who are capable and willing to continue serving continue to serve in their original posts; those with excellent abilities can be promoted; Those who are advanced students will be given learning opportunities; those who do not want to continue to serve will be guaranteed the safety of their lives, property and family members.Facilitation is also provided for returning home if desired. After the agreement was signed, Cui Zaizhi said meaningfully: "This house is the place where Cao Rulin, the deputy minister of foreign affairs sent by Yuan Shikai before he became the emperor, signed the 21 articles of humiliation and humiliation with the Japanese minister. The news spread, the people all over the country boiled, and there was a sound of protest. We Once these 18 articles are announced to the public, the people will happily shout and celebrate the peaceful liberation of Peking." On January 21, Fu Zuoyi convened a meeting of senior military and political personnel in the conference hall of Huairen Hall in Zhongnanhai. Li Shijie outlined the current situation and the process of peace, and Gong Kejun read out the provisions of the "Agreement" to solicit opinions from the participants.The vast majority of people agreed, but only the generals of the Central Army were silent. Yuan Pu, the commander of the 16th Army, beat his chest and howled, "I'm sorry, leader! I'm sorry, leader!" In order to reduce the damage and hindrance to the implementation of the "Agreement", after obtaining the consent of the People's Liberation Army, Fu Zuoyi made an exception for the generals of the Jiang family who were unwilling to stay, and sent Li Wen, Shi Jue, the commanders of the corps, and the 13th, 16th, and 1st Officers above the 94th Army and the 31st Army were sent to Nanjing by plane.After the meeting, Fu Zuoyi formally issued the "Agreement" to the various ministries for implementation. On January 22, Peking's "Pingmin Daily" and other newspapers published the main points of the "Agreement".The citizens of Peiping were overjoyed and rushed to tell each other. People from all walks of life cheered with joy for the peaceful liberation of Peiping. The war is gone, and spring returns to this ancient city. At 12:30 am on January 31, the 10th Division of the 4th Column of the Northeast Field Army entered the city from Xizhimen, and handed over defense with Fu Jun who was on duty in the city. Peiping declared peaceful liberation, and the Battle of Pingjin also came to an end: On January 31, Xinhua reported the liberation of Peking: "The world-renowned ancient cultural capital, Beiping, with a population of more than two million, announced its liberation today. The liberation of Beiping is one of the most important military and political developments in the great Chinese people's revolutionary movement. The original Kuomintang reactionary army and its military Beiping, which is guarded by about 200,000 people, is the first example of the implementation of the eight peace conditions announced by Chairman Mao Zedong of the Communist Party of China to end the war through peaceful means. This fact happened because the People's Liberation Army is very powerful and invincible The vast majority of officers and soldiers in the reactionary Kuomintang army are demoralized and do not want to make any more hopeless resistance. Together with the broad masses of the people in Peiping, they resolutely support the result of genuine democracy and peace. The main force of the Kuomintang army in Peiping has now moved to designated locations outside the city. The People's Liberation Army is scheduled to enter the city today to take over the defense. The people of Peiping have longed for the People's Liberation Army like their relatives. After knowing that the People's Liberation Army is about to enter Peiping, the workers, students, and citizens of Peiping hurriedly prepared a grand welcome Champa was impatient with the postponement of all the Kuomintang troops leaving the city. The news that the People's Liberation Army was about to march peacefully into Peiping suddenly revived the city of Champa. From January 23, prices dropped suddenly. The streets are crowded with joyful pedestrians again, they are looking around for the exact date of the People's Liberation Army City, inquiring and rumoring the content of the propaganda materials of the People's Liberation Army and the Communist Party. The peace negotiations in Peking have been going on for a long time. In fact, Contacts began on the day when the People's Liberation Army surrounded Beiping in December last year, but until the eve of the liberation of Tianjin, General Fu Zuoyi was still unwilling to accept the conditions of the People's Liberation Army, so the negotiation failed. At the beginning, Fu Zuoyi still dreamed of being desperate. Later, he dreamed of leading his troops to escape to Suiyuan, or Taiyuan, or Qingdao, or Shanghai, and kept in touch with Chiang Kai-shek's envoys, and took a perfunctory attitude towards peace negotiations with the People's Liberation Army. Zhangjiakou was wiped out, and the KMT's entire military and political situation was in a desperate situation, shaking his original plan. On January 14, Chairman Mao Zedong of the Communist Party of China announced eight peace conditions. On the 15th, Tianjin was quickly liberated. General Lin Biao, the commander, and General Luo Ronghuan, the political commissar, sent Fu Zuoyi an official letter on the measures for the early liberation of Beiping. These facts made General Fu Zuoyi determined to accept the proposal of the People's Liberation Army, and the negotiations made progress. During the transitional period, a seven-member interim joint committee was established, with four members from the People's Liberation Army and three members from General Fu Zuoyi, with General Ye Jianying as the director. General Fu Zuoyi's entire army abroad began to be reorganized into the People's Liberation Army about one month later. The two sides also agreed that during the transition period, all levels of administrative agencies, business agencies, banks, warehouses, post and telecommunications agencies, newspaper offices, and schools in Beiping City , cultural institutions, etc., all remain under observation, must not be damaged, and wait to be dealt with. The liberation of Peiping basically ended the war in North China. Hebei, Chahar, and Shanxi in northern ChinaAmong the five provinces of Le, Shanxi, Suiyuan and a part of Henan, only a few places such as Taiyuan, Datong, Guisui, Baotou, Wuyuan, Linhe, Qingdao, Anyang and Xinxiang have not yet been liberated. If the reactionary Kuomintang troops in these places are unwilling to follow The example of Peking can only follow the example of Tianjin.Tianjin was liberated by fighting within 29 hours. All the reactionary Kuomintang troops guarding the city were eliminated, and all its senior generals were captured. Among them, the leading elements who refused a peaceful settlement, insisted on resisting to the end, and seriously damaged people's lives and property will be interrogated convicted.The liberation of Peiping also pointed out an example for the liberation of the south of the Yangtze River and elsewhere.The people of the whole country demand that all reactionary armies commanded by war criminals who carry out the false order of "fighting rebellion and suppressing bandits" and slaughtering the Chinese people accept the conditions of the People's Liberation Army like General Fu Zuoyi and his subordinates. This will prove their sincerity Realize real peace.General Fu Zuoyi was one of the people who actively implemented the false order of "suppressing rebellion and suppressing bandits" in the past two and a half years, so he became one of the war criminals.However, people believe that since he now accepts the peaceful conditions of the People's Liberation Army and leads his troops out of the city to wait for reorganization, as long as he continues to walk in a direction that is beneficial to the cause of the people, he may hope to obtain the understanding of the people and allow him to transfer his meritorious service to the people. offence. " On February 2, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China called to congratulate the liberation of Pingjin: "Congratulations on your great victory in liberating Beiping and Tianjin, and basically liberating the whole of North China. During your two-month battle in North China, you wiped out one corps headquarters, one garrison headquarters, four military headquarters, twenty-four The entire division, together with about 260,000 other Kuomintang troops, forced General Fu Zuoyi, commander-in-chief of the North China "bandit suppression" army of the Beiping Kuomintang Army, and his subordinates to have a "bandit suppression" headquarters, two corps headquarters, and eight military headquarters. , 25 divisions, together with other Kuomintang troops, more than 200,000 people accepted the peace conditions and went out of the city to reorganize into the People's Liberation Army. All these great victories are due to the heroic fighting of our People's Liberation Army, the joint efforts of the front and rear soldiers and the people and the people of the whole country. The result of the unanimous sponsorship of the people's organizations of the democratic parties. The great victory of the People's Liberation War in North China, together with the great victories of the People's Liberation War in Northeast China, East China, Central Plains, and Northwest China, as well as the victory of the People's Guerrilla War in the South, have established the people's liberation struggle throughout the country. A solid foundation for victory. The reactionary Kuomintang government has fallen into the desperate situation of being torn apart, shaken and collapsed militarily, politically, and economically. In addition to completely accepting the eight peace conditions proposed by the Communist Party of Will and Peking's example to achieve a true democratic peace, it will be completely annihilated. Now the historical festival of the liberation of the great ancient capital of Peking, I pay tribute to all my heroic People's Liberation Army of more than three million people. Everything in The martyrs who died in the liberation war will live forever!" On February 3, the People's Liberation Army held a solemn and grand entry ceremony. At 10 o'clock in the morning, Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, Nie Rongzhen, Ye Jianying and other senior generals of the corps stepped up to the archery building with a happy face. Four colored flares rose in the sky, drawing a beautiful arc.Under the gate of Yongding, 3 armored vehicles, floats with large puppets of Mao Zedong and Zhu De, and a military band are the forerunners, followed by mechanized troops, motorized infantry composed of more than a hundred trucks, large-caliber artillery teams towed by cars, and various types of troops. An armored convoy of tanks; behind it is the cavalry; behind the rear is the endless infantry. The entire Beiping is empty, and the people of the old capital are completely immersed in the unprecedented joy in history. The Battle of Pingjin was the last of the three major battles that had decisive significance for the progress of the War of Liberation. The campaign lasted 64 days. At the cost of 30,000 to 90,000 casualties, the PLA annihilated and reorganized 1 "Suppression General" headquarters, 1 garrison headquarters, 3 corps headquarters, 13 military departments, and 50 military headquarters of the Kuomintang army. Division, a total of 520,000 people. The victory of the Battle of Pingjin liberated North China except for a few isolated strongholds such as Taiyuan, Xinxiang, and Anyang.The North China Liberated Area is connected with the Northeast, Northwest, East China, and Central Plains Liberated Areas to form a strong and consolidated rear area, creating extremely favorable conditions for the next step to march across the country. The liberation of first-class cities such as Beiping and Tianjin not only laid a solid material foundation for developing the economy of the liberated areas to support the final victory of the liberation war, but also further expanded the political influence of the Communist Party of China and the People's Liberation Army. Conditions are prepared. On January 21, the day when the "Agreement on the Peaceful Settlement of Issues in Peking" was signed, Chiang Kai-shek sadly announced his "retirement" in Nanjing, and his "presidential" position was represented by Li Zongren. In the early spring, the ancient city of Beiping is boiling. The streets and alleys are crowded with people, and the drums are loud. It became a victorious symphony, which reverberated over the city of Beiping for a long time.Lin Biao, Nie Rongzhen, Luo Ronghuan and other leading comrades boarded the Zhengyangmen Archery Tower to inspect the troops in the city.Some of the welcoming crowd hugged the soldiers excitedly, some put big red flowers on the chests of the heroes, and sprinkled colored paper on the cadres and soldiers. Some young students climbed onto the tanks and used chalk Write the slogan "Long live the Chinese People's Liberation Army! Liberate all of China!" After the peaceful liberation of Beiping, General Fu Zuoyi believed that he was responsible for the war in North China during the liberation war and should bear the punishment of the people.Instead of blaming the past, the Party Central Committee and Mao Zedong did work for Fu Zuoyi many times among the Communist Party members and the masses, and won the understanding of the people, and they have always given them trust and care.General Fu Zuoyi, who has gone through the rough and tortuous historical road and finally embarked on the bright road, is so eager to meet the revered Chairman Mao Zedong of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China!One day, Fu Zuoyi said to Zhou Beifeng enthusiastically: "I plan to go to Xibaipo to meet Chairman Mao in person. Can you tell Chairman Ye Jianying about it?" Zhou Beifeng immediately reported to Ye Jianying, and Ye Jianying agreed to immediately ask the Party Central Committee for instructions.At this time, Yan Huiqing, Shao Lizi, Zhang Shizhao, Jiang Yong, and Huang Qihan, the people's peace delegation from Shanghai, arrived in Peiping by plane from Shanghai. On February 21, Ye Jianying told Zhou Beifeng: "Please tell Mr. Fu that Yan Huiqing and others from the Shanghai People's Peace Delegation will fly to Shijiazhuang tomorrow, and I will invite Fu Zuoyi and Deng Baoshan to take this plane with an attendant." On February 22, Fu Zuoyi, Deng Baoshan and Yan Youwen took a plane from Xijiao Airport to Shijiazhuang, changed trains and arrived at Xibaipo. Chairman Mao Zedong came to visit them in person that night.General Deng Baoshan met with Chairman Mao Zedong many times during the Anti-Japanese War, and General Fu Zuoyi met Chairman Mao Zedong for the first time. When he saw Chairman Mao, he stood at attention and gave a military salute. Chairman Mao Zedong saw that Fu Zuoyi was solemn and serious, so he stretched out his hands kindly, held his hand and said cheerfully and humorously: "Yisheng, we met each other on the battlefield in the past, and it is very clear. Today, we are uncles and relatives, and it is difficult to give up. At the end of the day, Chiang Kai-shek spent his whole life playing pier, but you got rid of him in the end.” Fu Zuoyi said guiltily: "Chairman, I have been a soldier for half my life. Apart from resisting the Japanese, I have committed many crimes." Chairman Mao said sincerely: "The peaceful liberation of Peiping is due to Yisheng's great contribution!" Afterwards, Chairman Mao Zedong and Vice Chairman Zhou Enlai held important and sincere talks with Fu Zuoyi.When talking about the policy on Fu Zuoyi's original personnel, Chairman Mao Zedong said: "I will release all the personnel I captured for you. You can meet them. We are going to send them all to Suiyuan." Fu Zuoyi asked a little puzzled: "Give it to me? What should I do with it? I still have to send it to Suiyuan, why?" Mao Zedong laughed and explained: "Didn't the Kuomintang always promote the Communist Party's murder and arson, and the Communist Party's wives? When they arrive in Suiyuan, they can show themselves that the Communist Party does not search their pockets, and does not insult their personality. They can help people in Suiyuan. Learn to learn, to raise awareness. We will use these people in the future!" Talking about the Suiyuan issue, Mao Zedong said: "With the peaceful liberation of Peiping, the Suiyuan issue will be easily resolved. You can let it go for a while and wait for their uprising. As I said before, we will organize two armies for you. Take the revolutionary road, you have to pass several tests, but the main thing is to pass the military test. If you pass this test, you will be able to pass the land reform test, the democratic reform test, and the socialism test in the future. " These kind teachings from Chairman Mao Zedong greatly encouraged Fu Zuoyi.Vice Chairman Zhou Enlai, Yang Shangkun and others also took photos with Fu Zuoyi, Deng Baoshan, Yan Youwen and others. Fu Zuoyi and his party flew back to Peiping by plane on February 24. On March 25, 1949, the Party Central Committee, Chairman Mao Zedong and the headquarters of the People's Liberation Army moved from Xibaipo Village, Pingshan County to Beiping.Chairman Mao Zedong and Commander-in-Chief Zhu De reviewed the People's Liberation Army at Beiping Xiyuan Airport that day. Fu Zuoyi and Deng Baoshan were invited to attend the review ceremony.General Fu Zuoyi saw the majesty and majesty of the People's Liberation Army under review, all of which were equipped with captured American weapons, and he felt deeply.A few days later, Chairman Mao Zedong once again met and hosted Fu Zuoyi, Deng Baoshan and others in Xiangshan, where the pines and cypresses were evergreen. In late March, the People's Liberation Army released all captured former Fu Zuoyi's general-level personnel. Fu Zuoyi received the released personnel at his residence in the western suburbs, conveyed to them what Chairman Mao Zedong said when he met him, and said earnestly: "In the past, I led you on the wrong path, and I was responsible. Today, you are finally on the right path." Fu Zuoyi was particularly moved by the decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to treat all prisoners captured in the Liberation War in Zhangjiakou, Xinbaoan, Tianjin and other places with leniency, release them all, and send them back to Peiping. On April 1, Fu Zuoyi sent a telegram to the whole country for the peaceful liberation of Peiping. The full text of the telegram is as follows: Chairman Mao of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, all democratic parties, people's organizations, democrats and patriotic friends of the Kuomintang: The peace work in Peking, which began on January 22, has been successfully completed.The place has never been damaged, the lives and properties of the people have not been lost, and cultural relics, historic sites, businesses, and buildings have all been preserved.The peaceful settlement of Peking has been praised by all parties in the country, and it is regarded as the beginning of the realization of national peace.At the time when the whole country is discussing peace, at this time, I would like to explain my understanding and opinions to all parties in the country.During the two-and-a-half years of the civil war, my personal heart and actions, subjective and objective, were in the midst of extreme contradictions, and I struggled painfully. The realization of peace in Peiping was the result of self-conscious and painful struggles.Looking back on the past now, I feel that my biggest mistake was implementing the reactionary anti-insurgency policy.When we carry out the so-called suppression of chaos, we talk about the people every day, but in fact all problems are to destroy and oppress the people everywhere.Our troops are guarding the homes of big landlords in the countryside, and bodyguards for the privileged, wealthy, corrupt officials, and dirty officials in the cities.We not only protect the evil forces in these villages and cities, but also continue to create and encourage these evil forces.The reasons for all kinds of mistakes, reflected in politics, are corruption; reflected in economy, it is collapse; reflected in culture and education, it is to control and suppress the resistance of young students; Poverty, the enjoyment of luxury and lust by the upper exploiting class, is increasing day by day; reflected in diplomacy, it is dependent on the United States; reflected in the military, it is changing from an advantage to a disadvantage.All of these are because they violate the interests of the people, so they do not get the support of the people and are finally abandoned by the people.Why did the Chinese Communist Party succeed?This is because the Communist Party, based on the interests of the masses of workers and peasants and the people of the whole country, has completely solved the land problem in the countryside and won the support of the majority of farmers; for urban industry and commerce, it implements both public and private considerations, benefits both labor and capital, eradicates bureaucratic capital, and protects the development of national industry and commerce. .The Communist Party's proposition of a democratic coalition government has won the support of all democratic parties and people across the country.New Democracy not only scientifically explained the content of the revolutionary Three People's Principles, but also correctly explained the past, present and future of the Chinese revolution.National Democratic Revolution in the New Era.It no longer belongs to the old category, but belongs to the new category. Only the leadership of the workers and peasants and the Communist Party representing the workers and peasants can guarantee the thorough implementation of revolutionary policies and the complete completion of revolutionary tasks.Since the Communists have a correct understanding of history and have the spirit of hard work to serve the people, they are succeeding day by day.A correct policy is the premise and guarantee of real peace.Since the so-called anti-insurgency policy is completely wrong, and since the new democracy of the Communist Party is completely correct, we must openly oppose the so-called anti-insurgency policy, sincerely achieve peace, and should no longer hesitate, linger, and go against the wishes of the people.Peace in Peiping means following the will and aspirations of the people, having the courage to blame yourself, having the courage to understand and act responsibly, conforming to correct policies, and conforming to the eight peace conditions proposed by Mr. Mao Zedong. This kind of peace is real peace.All patriotic military and political personnel of the Kuomintang should conduct a deep self-reflection, admit their mistakes, and start with the peace in Peking, and strive to promote the rapid realization of peace throughout the country.Then the nation can begin to build.Today, the cause of Chinese people's democracy is based on the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the alliance of workers and peasants. It unites all democratic parties, progressive people of the Kuomintang, and all democratic strata in the country to work together.This is already the trend of the times, what the people of the people want, and Zuoyi understands it based on this. In the future, he is willing to support the leadership of Chairman Mao of the Communist Party of China, implement new democracy, and peacefully build a new China. Fu Zuoyi On April 2, 1949, Chairman Mao Zedong of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China gladly ordered a pen to reply to Fu Zuoyi: General Fu Zuoyi: Power on and read on April 1.The policy of launching a counter-revolutionary civil war by the reactionary Nanking Kuomintang government is completely wrong.This government must be responsible for the catastrophe that the Chinese people have suffered over the years as a result of this counter-revolutionary civil war.But civil and military officials of the Kuomintang reactionary government who implement this policy, as long as they recognize right from wrong, come to regret, out of sincerity, and have real performance, it is conducive to the advancement of the cause of people's liberation; it is conducive to solving domestic problems by peaceful means. No matter who you are, we welcome you.The peaceful settlement of the Beiping issue has been rewarded by your general.Your general has fulfilled his wish to stand on the side of the people in the future and participate in the construction of new democracy. We think this is very good and should be welcomed. Mao Zedong On April 2, 1949, General Fu Zuoyi's telegram and Chairman Mao Zedong's reply telegram were published in newspapers, radio broadcasts, and widely disseminated. They had a great influence in the Kuomintang camp and promoted the liberation of the whole of China. The Communist Party of China and Chairman Mao Zedong also made proper arrangements for the work of General Fu Zuoyi.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, at the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference held on the eve of the founding ceremony, Mao Zedong asked Wang Zhao, the representative of the 19th Corps (the political commissar of the 64th Army at the time): The central government gave Mr. Fu Zuoyi a minister of water conservancy. Are the comrades in your Corps convinced? Convinced?Wang Zhao replied: We have never been convinced by him when it comes to war!Mao Zedong smiled, and said kindly to Wang Zhao: You have to work after you go back!Mr. Fu handed Beiping over to the people intact, and this is a great contribution!More credit than any of our generals for leading troops to defeat Beiping!With such great credit, why shouldn't he be the Minister of Water Resources? !When Wang Zhao spread this matter to the army, everyone said that Chairman Mao stood tall and saw far. ' After the uprising, General Fu Zuoyi has always loved the Communist Party of China and socialism. He served as a member of the Standing Committee of the first, second and third CPPCC National Committee, vice chairman of the fourth CPPCC, deputy to the first, second and third National People's Congress, national defense The vice chairman of the committee, the minister of the Ministry of Water Resources and the Ministry of Water and Electricity, in view of General Fu Zuoyi's contribution to the liberation of the motherland, in 1955 the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress awarded him the First Class Liberation Medal.Chairman Mao Zedong personally awarded honors to Fu Zuoyi. On April 18, 1974, General Fu Zuoyi was critically ill. Premier Zhou Enlai visited him again and leaned down to his ear and said: "Chairman Mao asked me to see you, saying that you have made great contributions to the people. " General Fu Zuoyi moved his lips knowingly.At 1:40 pm the next day, this patriotic general passed away! Premier Zhou Enlai presided over the memorial service for General Fu Zuoyi, and Ye Jianying delivered a eulogy speech. The party and the government spoke highly of General Fu Zuoyi's history of promoting the peaceful liberation of Beiping.