Chapter 2 Chapter 2

This is the darkest day of the Republic of China. At 10 a.m. on December 1, armed miscellaneous soldiers from Yunda broke into the school gate carrying wooden sticks and poles, smashed posters, slogans, tables and chairs, and chased and beat students. At around 11:00 in the morning, more than a hundred mobs wearing the logo of the "Second Officer Corps" aggressively attacked the headquarters of the UNU University. The UNU students blocked the gate with tables, chairs, blackboards and other objects, and kept a tight defense.The pickets heard the news and came to help. The students who had participated in the expedition also put on American civilian clothes and actively joined the ranks of the campus defense battle. The two sides launched a thrilling offensive and defensive battle inside and outside the fence.The mob repeatedly stormed.Since the gate was made of wood, a big hole was finally opened. The thugs swarmed and chased and beat the students with stones and sticks. The students fought back desperately, and many people were injured in the struggle.Picket member Luo Jixing passed out after being hit on the head by a stone. Liu Jie bled profusely after being injured in his arms and legs. Other students who were also injured on the spot were Wei Lizhong, Zhang Junzi, Xiang Dagan, Chen Qi, Wu Dazhi and others.The students counterattacked with all their strength, and finally drove the mob out and captured one person (Cui Junjie, badge No. 1025, he claimed to belong to the Second Brigade of the Second Officer Corps of the Ministry of Military and Political Affairs, and was ordered to attack the Union University students).After driving away the thugs, the students did not let up their fighting spirit. They quickly took remedial measures to prevent the thugs from breaking in again.

When the thugs were storming the gate of the new school building, Professor Yuan Fuli, who worked in the South District Laboratory, came to dissuade him and was brutally beaten by the thugs.Two students, Li Dening and Ma Zhenyi, who came to persuade them after seeing the situation, were also injured.Yu Zai and Zhang Renhe, teachers of Nanjing Middle School, passed by here. Seeing the brutal and rude soldiers, they tried their best to dissuade them.He was beaten by gangs.After Zhang Renhe was wounded on the head, he managed to run away and survived. Yu continued to fight regardless of the pain.When a mob pulled off the fuse of a grenade and was about to throw it into the wall of the new school building, Yu Zaijie was in a critical situation and stepped forward to block it regardless. He was injured in the head by the grenade and fell outside the wall of the new school building at 10:20 that night. , died in Yunda Hospital.After Yu was injured again and fell to the ground, the thugs stormed the school gate several times. The students defended themselves extremely tightly and finally failed to break into the school again.

While the thugs were attacking the new school building, 45 members of the KMT's Third Youth League and the Fifth Plainclothes Team led by Zhou Shen broke into the middle school attached to the United University on Qianju Street and committed murder.Fortunately, it was a Saturday, and most of the students left the school. The thugs left after smashing doors and windows and stealing money and belongings. At around 12 o'clock in the morning, the group of thugs forcibly broke into the Longxiang Street Lianda Dashi Fan College, and threw a grenade in the front yard of the dining room, which did not hurt anyone. Kunhua Industrial School.After the thugs rushed into the dining room, they smashed the table and tableware.Then, several thugs climbed up the stairs of the girls' dormitory, trying to commit crimes, but the female students attacked them with stones and lime prepared in advance, but failed.At the same time, the students of the Teachers College launched a counterattack with the strong support of the students from the Kunhua Industrial School. They violently drove the thugs away with stones, and finally drove them out of the gate in one go.Unexpectedly, the thugs broke the gate again and threw two grenades through the crack of the gate. With the loud explosion, a large number of students were injured and fell to the ground.Li Lulian, a Lianlian student who was shot and seriously injured, was only dying. On the way to the hospital, he was intercepted by mobs and brutally beaten until he died.

Pan Yan, a student from the United Nations League who bravely rescued the students, was wounded in the chest by a grenade, and his fingers were cut off by shrapnel. After falling to the ground, the mob stabbed him three times in the abdomen. He still shouted: "Students, unite!" at 5 pm that day He passed away on his sickbed in Yunda Hospital in the middle of the day.Zhang Huachang, a student from the Kunhua Industrial School, came to rescue his classmates from the United Nations University upon hearing the news. His head was blown apart by shrapnel, and his right ear was filled with blood and white brain matter. His life at the age of 17 ended in Ganmei Hospital at 5 p.m. that day. He was the youngest victim of the tragedy.When the spies attacked the teacher’s college, Miao Xianglie, a student from the United Nations, fought back bravely with other students. When the grenade exploded, he was injured in his left leg and was sent to the hospital. Later, due to the infection of the wound, his leg was amputated and he became permanently disabled.

At two o'clock in the afternoon that day, the thugs also attacked the Tuodong Road Lian Da Engineering College, but the students were unable to break in due to the tight defense.Instead, they attacked the Yixi Guild Hall and destroyed it.Later, he broke into the staff dormitory of the Faculty of Engineering and smashed it wantonly. Professor Ma Dayou and others were severely beaten.On the same day, the thugs also destroyed the Kunming branch of "Xinhua Daily" on Qingyun Road, took away all the cash, and smashed utensils. A total of December 1st, the Kuomintang mobs separately attacked Yunnan University, the Union University Teachers College, the new campus of the Union University, the Institute of Technology of the Union University, the High School Affiliated to the Union University, and the Kunming branch office of "Xinhua Daily", and harassed Kunming In the Women's Middle School and Nanjing Middle School, three students and a teacher were massacred, and dozens of teachers and students were injured, including 25 seriously injured and more than 30 slightly injured. This is the appalling December 1 tragedy.When the Kuomintang lied about implementing lenient government and protecting the people's rights of democracy and freedom, it openly dispatched armed thugs and spies in broad daylight to attack schools and massacre innocent teachers and students. The March 18th tragedy created is even more heinous. Is this the "progress" of the Chinese rulers?

Can the people be fooled and insulted?Youth blood is never shed in vain!The 1.2.1 tragedy shocked the whole country and attracted attention from abroad.The massacre of unarmed teachers and students in Kunming by the Kuomintang authorities aroused great indignation among the people. They offered deep sympathy and support to the students in different ways.Since then, the movement for democracy and anti-civil war in the whole country has continued to rise, and finally formed a magnificent trend, sweeping every inch of the land of China! The occurrence of the 1.2.1 tragedy first aroused strong repercussions in the Kunming area.University and middle school teachers, the Democratic League and people from all walks of life issued statements one after another, condemning the atrocities committed by the Kuomintang authorities and supporting the students' patriotic movement in various forms.

Under the advocacy of professors from Lian Da, the teachers of various middle schools issued the "Declaration on Strike", solemnly expressing their protest by striking out, and asked the authorities to punish the perpetrators, guarantee that similar incidents will not happen again, and cancel the illegal ban.At the same time, some progressive professors and teachers with a sense of justice have taken many actions to support students.For example, Mr. Wen Yiduo and Professor Wu Han are running around, writing and writing, mobilizing teachers and people in the society to fight for the truth; Professor Zhang Xiruo made public speeches and actively supported the students' just actions; Professor Fei Qing and Professor Xiang Da published many articles, Expressed willingness to be the backing of students.If we say that before the tragedy, teachers’ sympathy and support for the students’ patriotic and democratic movement were mainly limited to moral expressions, after the tragedy, it was reflected in practical support, especially in the form of strikes.This is the strongest support, and this form is one of the characteristics of the January 1st Movement, marking the in-depth development of this patriotic democratic movement.

Local politicians in Yunnan are also concerned about what happened to the students. On December 2, the Kunming Committee of the Provincial Provisional Council heard the statements and demands of the representatives of the strike union, and made a resolution, requesting the provincial government to immediately try to stop the atrocities, ensure the safety of students, and maintain social order.The Yunnan Provincial Branch of the China Democratic League also issued a statement, expressing serious protest against the inhumane actions of the Kuomintang authorities, and solemnly supporting the appeals and demands of the persecuted.People from all walks of life in Kunming, such as workers, shop assistants, professional youth, and some Kuomintang officers and soldiers, also expressed their support for the students' anti-civil war patriotic movement in various forms such as public sacrifices to martyrs, writing condolence letters, and donations.

When the news of the Kunming student movement reached the countryside, it caused immediate repercussions.Elementary and middle school students in Jianshui, Shiping, and Yuanjiang counties donated 2 million yuan within three days, and sent special personnel to send the money to the funeral committee of the strike union.Gaoan Central Primary School in Xinping County and Bajie Central Primary School in Anning County respectively sent representatives to Kunming to mourn the four martyrs. Primary and secondary school teachers and students in Yi, Dayao, Dali, Heqing and other places set off a wave of solidarity with the Kunming student movement by means of memorial services, leaflets, speeches, and fundraising.

After the news of the 1.2.1 tragedy spread to Chongqing, Chengdu, Shanghai and other places, an anti-civil war movement with the main feature of supporting the Kunming students' patriotic movement quickly formed a climax in the Kuomintang ruled area. Chongqing was the center of political struggle in China at that time, and its influence was particularly extensive.The "Xinhua Daily" headed by the Southern Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China based here is the only public newspaper that the Communist Party of China has obtained legal status in the Kuomintang-controlled area. It unites various progressive newspapers and periodicals to form a strong democratic public opinion front.During the December 1 Movement, the newspaper fully reported the heroic fighting of Kunming students and the enthusiastic support from all over the country, and published short editorials, which played a guiding role in the healthy development of the movement.Celebrities from all walks of life in Chongqing also called teachers and students in Kunming, pledged their support, and wired money for the funeral and medical expenses of the dead and injured students. From December 9th to 11th, organized by the Chongqing Anti-Civil War Federation and other groups, the public memorial ceremony for the martyred teachers and students in Kunming pushed the anti-civil war movement in Chongqing to a new climax.The solidarity movement shook the "accompanying capital". Even the campus of Central University, which was strictly ruled by the Kuomintang, was covered with anti-civil war posters and slogans, and a fundraising activity was launched to aid the Kunming student movement. Poe," roared.

When the news of the Kunming massacre spread to Chengdu, people from all walks of life were filled with grief and indignation. Students from various schools gathered overnight and posted posters to protest, demanding that the murderer be punished and avenge the martyrs. On December 9, a memorial service was held in the whole city. After the meeting, a demonstration march was held. The parade marched to the urban area in a mighty manner. After passing through the main streets, the student propaganda team made publicity to the citizens along the way. In Zunyi, Zhejiang University students went on strike for one hour on December 12 to hold a memorial service for the teachers and students who died in the Kunming tragedy. They decided to be a vegetarian for one day and donate the savings to students in Kunming.Others, such as Wuhan University in Leshan, Sichuan, Guangxi University in Guilin, and many middle schools in some areas, also launched an anti-civil war movement in support of Kunming. After the Kuomintang took over Shanghai, the first large-scale struggle led by the CCP’s underground party here was to support the December 1st Movement.The Kunming student movement was carried out in conjunction with commemorating the tenth anniversary of "December 9th". There were mass solidarity activities in Xi'an, Guiyang, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Changsha, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Nanchang, Fuzhou, Tianjin and other places.Guilin in Guangxi, Leshan, Nanchong, Jiangjin, Bishan and other cities and counties in Sichuan all expressed their solidarity with school strikes and parades. In the liberated areas led by the Communist Party of China, the Party, the government, the army and the broad masses of the people also actively responded and supported the Kunming students' anti-civil war and struggle for democracy movement. Driven by the just struggle of the students in Kunming, anti-civil wars in various places have been upsurges, and the momentum has been overwhelming. As Mr. Wen Yiduo has shown, every ignorant person wakes up, every cowardly person becomes brave, and every The weary will cheer up, and every reactionary will surely fall trembling! The spirit of the four martyrs is immortal! At the same time, overseas, the December 1st Movement has also aroused repercussions in some countries, and has won the sympathy and support of patriotic overseas Chinese, international friends and fair international public opinion.Overseas Chinese in Manila, the capital of the Philippines, called the Kunming strike union, determined to support the students in Kunming; some newspapers and radio stations in the United States and the United Kingdom reported the truth of the tragedy and made comments.Six U.S. lawmakers on the West Coast have called on the president to withdraw U.S. troops from China. The support of the people of the whole country, the sympathy of the overseas Chinese and the impartial public opinion of various countries greatly encouraged the students who participated in the patriotic movement in Kunming.They are determined to comfort the wounded and dead spirits with a more determined struggle, and continue to work hard to complete the unfinished business and wishes of the martyrs. On the afternoon of December 2, after the tragedy, a funeral ceremony for the martyrs was held in front of the UNU Library.Teachers and students from various high and middle schools, people from all walks of life, and family members and friends of the martyrs rushed to the General Assembly to pay their respects to the remains of the martyrs.The mourning hall is covered with memoirs of the massacre, elegiac words, cartoons and articles commemorating the dead, with blood and tears everywhere.The remains of the four martyrs are placed in the library, surrounded by wreaths.At this scene, people all burst into tears, full of grief and indignation.At 3:00 p.m., the funeral ceremony began in a sad and solemn atmosphere.When they finally saw the bloody horror of the martyr's body, people all cried bitterly.The officiant was also unable to make a speech because of excessive grief and was unable to speak.Finally, the representative of the strike union delivered a speech. On behalf of all the sacrificers, he solemnly swore an oath in front of Lie Tuling, expressing his determination to fight for democracy and freedom to the end. After the four martyrs were buried, the strike union decided to hold a large-scale public sacrifice to mourn the dead comrades in arms, and at the same time further expose the Kuomintang reactionaries and educate the people.An obituary was issued for this purpose. As soon as the news came out, people who paid homage were very enthusiastic, and the time of public sacrifice was extended again and again.In one and a half months, from morning to night, there was an endless stream of people who went to pay homage to the martyrs, and the scope was unprecedented.In Kunming, a city with a population of 300,000 at that time, a total of 150,000 people participated in the memorial service, of which more than 700 groups received a total of elegiac couplets, more than 1,000 pieces of mourning poems, and received donations of nearly 30 million yuan in French currency.On December 6 alone, 57 groups came to the public sacrifice. Opposition to the civil war and protests against atrocities became the focus of public discussion.The martyr's mourning hall became a holy place in people's minds for a while, and the martyrs who were brutally killed for justice were deeply mourned and highly respected.The flames of civil war and bloody suppression all aroused deep-seated hatred and angry protests from the masses.The martyr's mourning hall has become a special battlefield. The Martyrdom Hall is located in the library of Southwest Associated University. For eight years, it has been a center for students to read a lot and devote themselves to study. Under the careful design of the funeral committee, it has been arranged as a special large classroom. An eye-catching couplet was posted on the entrance of the mourning hall, "A bloody road leads to democracy, and the four coffins are against the civil war."The tragic atmosphere was vividly rendered in an instant: the words "Serenity" were pasted in white on a black background on the screen, and anti-civil war slogans hung on both sides.Yifa has agitated the atmosphere to the extreme, and anyone who is here will be moved and feel sorry for it.There is a receiving office next to the door to register the sacrificial units and sacrifices.The sacrificial person enters the door, led by the receptionist, and salutes in front of the spirit of Lie Tu.The mourning hall is located in the center of the right end, and behind the altar are four large portraits of martyrs hanging side by side, as if they were reborn.On the top of the portrait, there are four big characters "gifted by the party and the state" embellished with cotton, which is self-evident.The flowers and fruits on the altar table, and the incense burner and wax table are all solemn decorations at this moment.Following the long and continuous sound of the Liberty Bell, the mourners bowed reverently and read the eulogy respectfully.The solemn and brief ceremony went on again and again.The number of elegiac couplets keeps increasing, and the four walls can no longer accommodate them, so they hang down from the beams of the roof, dividing the huge mourning hall into many narrow elegiac couplet alleys, and visitors walk through them. At the other end of the mourning hall, there is a copy of the "1.2.1 Tragedy Record" written in large characters, which records the tragedy in detail.Between the lines is filled with grief, indignation and pain.The coffins of martyrs are parked below, surrounded by wreaths.On the two tables, blood-stained clothes were piled up, and the amputated limbs of classmate Miao Xianglie in glass jars were displayed, which strongly stimulated everyone's vision, and then went deep into the soul, turning into full of pain, filling the air. Drive away, filling the entire mourning hall.After mourning the mourning hall for a week, the mourners often couldn't restrain their emotions and cried bitterly, but the warnings on the wall reminded everyone, "Don't shed tears, but hate."Indeed, the blood of martyrs cannot be shed in vain, and the struggle will never stop.At the exit of the mourning hall, there is a horizontal plaque made of cotton hanging: "Strive for freedom!" The words express the hearts of thousands of people. During the public sacrifice, the mourning hall was crowded with people every day. They stared at the faces and coffins of the young martyrs, silently recited the elegiac couplets hanging all over the mourning hall, and asked why such a tragedy happened.What is the way out for China, and what should the successors do to comfort the dead?Many people came to pay their respects and think again and again.What is difficult to suppress is the painful emotions and angry emotions. I am deeply infected by this special atmosphere and cannot extricate myself. During the process of commemorating the martyrs, the strike couplets collected the elegiac couplets from the martyr's mourning hall, and printed a copy of "Records of Honor and Mourning for Martyrs", which the people rushed to buy.The book was reprinted one after another and became a bestseller at that time. Thousands of people were shaken and educated in the mourning hall, which strengthened their determination and belief in fighting civil war and fighting for democracy.As expressed in the sacrificial oratory by the Holly Club and the Sixth Club of the Literary and Art Club of the United Nations University: "In front of your spirit, there is the 'God of Liberty', and you have already knocked her with your bones. Please believe it every time you ring. There will be a person or a group of people who will get rid of their ignorance, ignorance, selfishness, and cowardice in the past, and will be more determined to devote themselves to freedom and democracy. Everyone will wake up from this bell and recognize the path they should take." During the 12.1 Movement, the mourning hall public sacrifice gave people a strong audio-visual feeling and a violent spiritual shock with its touching and vivid scenes, thus playing a major role in educating the people, enlightening the hearts of the people, and exposing the enemy. The massacre of students by the Kuomintang authorities aroused public indignation across the country.This bloody case is definitely not something that can be quelled by deception or framing.While protesting against the atrocities, the people in China sincerely hope that the authorities will repent, change their ways, and come up with a real solution to punish the perpetrators and calm the indignation.However, when the martyrs were still dead and the injured were not recovering, the only move of the Kuomintang authorities was to absolve the guilt and let the executioner go unpunished, in order to answer the expectations of the people, deal with the goodwill of the people, and create a series of absurd "Facts" are an attempt to create "legal" excuses to realize their reactionary policy of falsely "putting down chaos" and real civil war. On December 4, the interrogation of the direct criminals of the 1.2.1 tragedy started at 3:40 p.m. in the back court of the Yunnan Police Headquarters.The real culprits, Guan Linzheng and Li Zonghuang, sat on the stage as "jurors" with the military judge, and the audience was on both sides of the corridor, far away from the stage. Most of the confessions made by the criminals could not be heard clearly, only the impassioned and speech-like answers of the real criminals could be heard clearly. First of all, the military judge deliberately divided the more than ten people who were summoned into three cases. The first case was the fight on Zhengyi Road.Originally, there were many thugs beating and arresting students of various schools on Kunming Street on this day, and several thugs attacked Yunnan University, Sino-French University, United University, Teachers College, and the business branch of "Xinhua Daily". No words were mentioned, only the case of beating on Zhengyi Road was interrogated.In addition, the defendant Zhou Haiquan, a student from the Second Brigade of the Second Military Officers Corps, and others, counterattacked in court, falsely claiming that they were injured by Yun University students. The second case is the attack on the new campus of the United Nations University.This was a massacre by students from the Second Battalion of the Second Officer Corps. They once stormed the school gate, injuring many teachers and students, and killed Yu Zai, a teacher of Nanjing Middle School who had acted bravely with a grenade.The Central News Agency reported on the 3rd that the incident of throwing a grenade at the new school building of Yunda University was "proved to be the work of Wang Bin, a student from the Second Officer Corps of the Department."However, during the interrogation, Wang Bin, the accused accused by the Central News Agency, categorically denied that he had a grenade, and falsely accused the grenade that the students threw it.The interrogating judge easily let him get away with it without prosecuting him. The third case is the bombing case at the United Masters College on December 1.The interrogation situation was even more bizarre.The unemployed officer Chen Yunlou who was accused of being the perpetrator of the bombing did not admit it during the interrogation, so the throwing of the grenade became "holding but not firing". Then another unemployed officer Chen Qida claimed that he met a man in a teahouse. A man in his twenties, who sometimes wore a Chinese tunic and sometimes a robe, handed him 30,000 French coins and two grenades, asked him to blow up students, and promised to let him be the commander of the detachment after the task was completed.Later, Chen Qida handed over 10,000 yuan and a grenade to Liu Youzhi, asking him to bomb the students. At noon on the 1st, the students had a quarrel with outsiders in the teacher's college. Chen Qida thought the time had come, so he and Liu Youye hurriedly threw a grenade each, and the military judge asked Liu Youzhi again.The answer is exactly the same.When Chen Qida was asked what was the name of the person who gave him the two grenades, Chen said it was Jiang Kai, who was the so-called abettor Jiang Kai who Li Zonghuang and others painstakingly fabricated out of thin air. In a word, during the whole interrogation process, the military judge arranged the words and sentences for questioning in advance, and the criminals were interrogated, and the answers were fluent, without flinching, and seemed to be confident.During the banquet, there were many lecturers who spoke like a lecturer, full of mistakes and omissions, and the audience laughed dumbly three times.During the period, Guan Linzheng also asked a few questions in a pretentious manner, all of which were innocuous words, but he did not dare to last because of a guilty conscience, and his clumsy acting skills were not to be praised.A farce ended in haste.Afterwards, relevant authorities reported their results to Chongqing. On December 8, an urgent telegram was sent in the name of Chiang Kai-shek: "Chen Qida and Liu Youzhi are allowed to be executed by shooting, Chen Yunlou will be sent to Chongqing for military trial, and Jiang Kai should be wanted and brought to justice, and announced as a request." According to the law" shot.For this alone, there is a suspicion of extermination. Before the real murderer was investigated and severely punished, the second criminal was hastily dealt with. The article in it was "Sima Zhao's heart is known to all passers-by." The Kuomintang authorities can be said to be smart. At the same time, Li Zonghuang, the main murderer who massacred the four martyrs, was promoted to a noble by the reactionary emperor. This is the greatest challenge to human rights and the greatest insult to the country's discipline. The determination to reform with the people.Just ask, how can hundreds of millions of people live in terror all the time?How can it be allowed to use the bones of the people as the ladder for the executioner to rise to prosperity?An unprecedented massacre was obliterated in the aftermath of the Kuomintang authorities' understatement and confusion of black and white.But the reactionaries should also think about it, no matter how much you have the ability to steal the day and change the day, no matter how you have the tricks to embellish the tree, you will eventually be no match for the facts written in blood and the history written in blood.The hearts of the people are broken, how will you deal with yourself?You have lost the hearts of the people, you are digging your own grave! The murderer interrogates the murderer, and the murderer asks and answers himself, shameful! Compatriots cry compatriots, compatriots shed blood and tears, sad! As Professor Fei Xiaotong commented in his article: "Conspiracies are useless. Even if the conspiracy is realized with the support of guns and violence, it may not have any effect. The players who play the conspiracy will end up destroying education and hindering youth. Notoriety, what gain is there! When you set yourself up after the enemies of youth, that guilt can never be washed away." A pair of couplets put it brilliantly: "Everything is exhausted, all lies are exhausted, all deeds are exhausted, people's hearts are exhausted, and democratic fighters can't be killed endlessly; it's over, the declaration is issued, blood is shed, the people are awake, and the den of fascism is dumped." gone." The four martyrs were buried amidst the weeping of thousands of people.The coffin is parked in the library of the United Nations University.Caused by mourning, the whole country mourns!Remembering the tragic death and injury of the four martyrs and all innocent people, the funeral committee decided to hold a funeral for the four martyrs at 10:00 am on December 17 to comfort the spirits of the martyrs and strengthen the people's will to fight for peace and democracy. Demonstrators expressing the most angrily protest. It is a sunny day.In the chilly morning, the funeral crowd gathered in the new campus of Southwest Associated University like a tide. On the grass of the campus, there were crowds of people, and the female students were busy distributing paper flowers and black gauze to everyone. The coffin started at 11 o'clock. Amidst the sound of firecrackers, 30,000 mourners calmly and mournfully walked out of the gate of the United Nations University, surrounded by the hearse. On this day, thousands of people in Kunming City poured out of the city, crowds of people lined the funeral route, and the balcony windows were also crowded with people.The local authorities issued an order to "close the door at the same rate" in an attempt to weaken the influence through "strikes", but it turned out to be self-defeating, so that the people of the whole city had the opportunity to welcome this tragic grand ceremony and bid farewell to the four martyrs together.The funeral team led the way with motorcycles, and the bicycle team followed the hearse. Wherever they passed, there were mourning and joy, all of which attracted the attention of the spectators. Caused the road to be blocked many times.The pickets tried their best to persuade them to retreat a little, so that the mighty funeral procession could pass smoothly. The funeral procession moved forward slowly.Behind twelve large wooden signs with slogans such as "Democratic believers" and "You will still be dead" is the funeral presidium. Miao Xianglie is sitting on a rickshaw, with a shockingly empty trouser leg.The funeral procession is divided into four brigades.In front of each team are hearses and funeral processions, and behind the statue booths are martyrs' blood coats, wreaths and elegiac couplets.The identities of the mourners were different. They stood in a row of four, wearing paper flowers and black gauze, with resolute and painful expressions on their faces.The students held up banners such as "Bestowed by the Party and the State", "Warlords kill people", and "Call for peace with life as a blood clock". Monks in cassocks and nuns who beat ritual instruments walked in front of the martyrs' coffins, with the sound of mourning music and firecrackers Exciting. The funeral route detours through the main streets of Kunming.There are sacrificial altars at all important intersections. Every time the car arrives at a place, students from various schools will read the sacrificial rites. Touching the scene, they always recall the time when their classmates read together and the scene of spies wreaking havoc. flow all over the face.In addition to the sadness, there was even more anger burning, and the blood and tears in the "Funeral Song", which was sobbing and complaining, deeply burned the hearts of Kunming people.This is not just an oath, but an accusation. This is clearly a call to arms against the reactionaries! At 5 o'clock in the afternoon, the funeral procession returned to the new campus of UNU for a public funeral ceremony.Under the guidance of the master of ceremonies, cannons were fired, music was played, incense was offered, libations were made, and dirges were sung.After saluting like a ritual, the audience mourned silently, and the cemetery was silent.It was almost dusk, the setting sun was slanting, and the sunset glow reflected the guards of honor and the sea of ​​people standing in silence. The past events that happened not long ago reappeared in the hearts of the mourners, causing them to fall into deep thought in extreme grief and indignation. The coffins of the martyrs were placed in the tomb in turn. From left to right in the cemetery, Yu Zai, Pan Yan, Li Lulian, Zhang Huachang, the officiant and accompanying priests covered the soil. After the tomb was closed, the dirges played again, firecrackers, drums and music blared together. Finally, the presiding priest and the accompanying priests gave a brief speech. Mr. Cha Liangzhao said in his speech: "Our common goal is a democratic, prosperous, and happy new China. Although the four martyrs are dead, their unfinished work will be left to us." Mr. Wen Yiduo pointed out in his speech: Our road is still far away, and a new democratic China is still far away...Our future direction is democracy, and we must punish the perpetrators. . . . The debt of blood is to be paid in blood. Mr. Wu Han pointed to the inscription "Seeds of Democracy" and said: "I think this place should be changed to 'Sacred Land of Democracy... When the new China of democracy and happiness comes in the future, we will never forget that there is a piece in the corner of the southwest' The Holy Land of Democracy". After the speech, the crowd could no longer restrain their inner anger. They raised their arms like a forest, and roared like thunder: "Abolish the one-party dictatorship immediately!" "Abolish the secret service organization and severely punish the murderers!" A democratic, prosperous and strong new China!" The funeral did not end silently with the sound of mourning, but with roaring slogans and an indestructible oath. Four warriors, rest in peace!Your names will be repeated by the people of New China, and your immortal spirit will be inherited and carried forward by the successors.There is still a breath left, and the struggle for democracy will not stop. When the good news spreads, I will come to comfort your souls. "Dead, when will you come back?" "We never left here." "Dead, why don't you come out?" "We are here, do not mourn. Here we are, you keep your heads up. " "Which lover of justice does not have us in his heart? Which freedom lover doesn't have us in his mind? Whose lover of light sees us? " "Don't call us back, We never left you, Let us call together! " "Justice, come back quickly! free, come back quickly, Light, come back quickly. " ——Feng Zhi As far back as the late period of the Anti-Japanese War, the Kuomintang Chongqing government established the Kunming Defense Command in the name of defending an important town in the southwestern rear, and Chiang Kai-shek appointed his confidant Du Yuming as the commander.On the surface, it is said that the establishment of the Kunming Defense Command is to defend the national defense center and the main artery of international transportation, which should be affirmed, but in fact there is another layer of background for its establishment, that is, the anti-Japanese, democratic and patriotic sentiment of the people in Yunnan is rising day by day, and the democratic The reputation of the fortress is all over the country, and the Yunnan authorities headed by Long Yun are somewhat related to this democratic trend. Therefore, in order to guard against the people, monitor Long Yun, and achieve his anti-communist goals, Chiang Kai-shek set up a headquarters in the name of defending Kunming. —Does many things.The headquarters has not only regular soldiers, but also a large number of military and central command agents.After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Long Yun was driven out, and Chiang Kai-shek and Du Yuming relied on the defense command. Because engaging in Long Yun was unpopular, in order to buy people's hearts and give Long Yun some face, Du Yuming was transferred to the Northeast, and the Defense Command was "reorganized" into the General Guard Command, with Guan Linzheng, another confidant of Chiang Kai-shek, as the commander.The Defense Command ran rampant in Kunming and harmed the people, so someone once posted a pair of couplets on the side tree of the headquarters. Yellow-Handed Royal Officer".It vividly and vividly reflects the reorganization of the Longyun government and the subsequent political situation in Yunnan. Because Guan Linzheng was notorious for his active participation in the suppression of the "December 1st" patriotic movement among students, Chiang Kai-shek had to transfer Guan Linzheng and Li Zonghuang away together by giving up his car to protect his commander, and sent Huo Kuizhang, a direct descendant, as the garrison commander.Because of the assassination of Li Gongpu and Wen Yiduo, Huo Kuizhang's crimes were exposed, and Chiang Kai-shek repeated his old tricks. Huo Kuizhang was removed, and He Shaozhou, who had adopted He Yingqin, Chiang Kai-shek's best friend, was used to replace Huo Kuizhang as commander.The frequent replacement of commanders in a revolving door has proved from one aspect that this headquarters has harmed the people and lost the hearts of the people.Let's take a look at the organization of this command and how it harms people. In addition to the chief and deputy commander-in-chief and the chief and deputy chief of staff, the Yunnan Garrison General Headquarters has nine divisions, three divisions, and one division under its jurisdiction. The troops directly under it have a security regiment and a communications battalion.The nine places are: The Staff Office is in charge of the operations, training, and equipment of the 26th Army of the Central Army, as well as the combat guidance of the Yunnan Security Corps, and collects military intelligence; The adjutant's office directs the guard regiment, is responsible for the guards, sets up a detention center, and detains the so-called criminals; Quartermaster Department, guaranteeing logistical supplies, and processing seized items, including opium, weapons and ammunition, etc.; The Military Justice Department handles cases, including the so-called CCP activities; Intelligence Department, reconnaissance and collection of information on the CCP and its armed forces; The News Office (Political Work Office) is responsible for news censorship, liaison work with Kuomintang organizations within associations and the army, provincial, city, prefectural and county Kuomintang organizations, and the discipline of so-called political prisoners, etc.; The inspection office has set up checkpoints in Kunming and all the major traffic routes in the whole province. It cooperates with the Kunming Police Station, the 13th Gendarmerie Regiment, the Burma Highway Inspection Office, the Yunnan-Vietnam and Sichuan-Yunnan Railway Police Offices, and some key large-scale factories. The police, constitutional and special agencies, such as the inspection office of the Ministry of Public Security, closely cooperate to prevent the so-called "treacherous activities"; The Foreign Affairs Office handles all foreign-related matters; The Communications Department is in charge of railway and road transportation, and handles military transportation and communications. From the settings of the above-mentioned nine offices and their scope of duties, we can see that in Kunming and the whole province, urban and rural areas, regardless of government agencies, groups, schools, factories, and rural areas, there are Kuomintang enemy organizations operating. They do everything possible to frame the people and attack the Communist Party all the time. Destroy the democratic movement, suppress the revolution, and collect the blood and sweat of the people of Yunnan. The Yunnan Garrison General Headquarters often uses various "reports" to plan and direct activities to suppress people of all ethnic groups in Yunnan.There are regular and ad hoc reports.Regularly such as "business report", "public security report", "policy report", "executive group report" and so on; temporarily convened "reports" such as "Western Yunnan Police Report", "Cleaning Guishan Report" "Wait. The so-called "business report" is held once a day in the morning, and usually takes no more than 30 minutes. The so-called "Public Security Meeting Report" is held every Wednesday. The participants include the chief and deputy commander-in-chief, staff officers, adjutants, directors of military law, inspection, news, intelligence, etc., as well as the Kunming Police Station, the Suburban Police Station, the Thirteenth Gendarmerie Regiment, Leaders of Sichuan-Yunnan and Yunnan-Vietnam Railway Police Departments and other units.The purpose is to check last week's work and assign next week's tasks.If the problem occurs in the urban area, it will be dealt with by the Kunming Police Department; if it occurs in a special county, it will be dealt with by the nearby garrison.For example, in the meeting report on a certain day in 1948, the head of the Railway Police Department said that more than 300 people from the Bianzong Zhujiabi Department crossed the railway to the west at the south of Xujiadu Station, and the meeting report immediately telegraphed the 93rd Division stationed in Kaiyuan to pursue Suppress. The "Police Report" is a military-political joint report meeting that fully rules the province. Through this report, the steps to suppress the armed struggle led by the Communist Party and the methods to destroy the democratic movement are planned.All the leaders of the highest military and political authorities in Yunnan attended the meeting, and Lu Han usually attended and presided over it in person, and it was held once every two weeks.形式上有关云南的一切警备措施都是通过卢汉执行的，但由于卢汉同蒋嫡系何绍周之间的矛盾斗争和形势发展对卢汉的影响，卢汉对有关镇压游击队的事逐渐不愿干了，这个“警备会报”也就改为不定期举行。 “执行小组会报”，每星期六举行，地点在警备总部小花园，由总司令(或副总司令)主持，参加人员除警备总部的参谋、副官、稽查、新闻，情报等处处长外，还有国民党省党部、云南省三青团总部、云南全省警务处、昆明市警察局、铁路警务处、滇缅公路稽查处、宪兵特高组等单位头头。专门搜集中共地下党成员名单、民主人士名单、学生会领导人名单，和工会骨干名单，研究破坏对策。然后逐级向上汇报，即警备总司令向卢汉汇报，卢汉再向西南行辕汇报。—旦有关上司下达指示，贯彻执行则分别从两方面行动：在社会上由稽查处会同警察局实行；在学校和社团内部则交由省党部和三青团实行。敌特们以打进去拉出来的办法进行破坏，如遇学生开会则先行阻止，—阻止失效即行捣乱会场。学生上街张贴标语传单，便衣警察、特务就尾随其后，一方面撕毁传单、标语，—方面准备施行逮捕、镇压。 以上所大略叙述的“会报”，说明警备总部及云南地方当局，为维护蒋家王朝统治，血腥镇压人民的反抗斗争，无论城市乡村，也无论机关学校，无论交通线上，无论工厂车间，到处都布满了杀人不眨眼的魔鬼刽子手，举起屠刀，随时准备向人民砍来。 国民党“消极抗日，积极反共”，抗战胜利后，又勾结美帝国主义，阴谋发动内战，镇压爱国民主力量，这些倒行逆施，大大激怒了一切有良知的中国人。在这中华民族生死存亡的关头，连那些只埋头书斋，潜心学术的教授们，也为爱国心驱使，纷纷拍案而起，义无反顾地投入到爱国民主运动的洪流中来了，有的成了坚强的民主斗士。闻一多便是他们之中的典型代表。 闻一多，本名家骅，湖北浠水人。青年时代求学清华，热爱祖国，热爱人民。1919年“五四”运动爆发时，他用红纸抄写了岳飞的《满江红》，贴在学校食堂门口，表明自己的爱国心迹，在清华园引起了一阵波澜。后来留学美国，学文学、绘画和戏剧。在美国目睹中国同胞备受歧视和欺凌，更激发了他的爱国热忱，思乡的情绪越来越浓重。他发现在美国的自己，不过是“一个孤苦伶仃的东方老憨”罢了。他下定决心一定要回国，要回到祖国母亲的怀抱中去。为此，他提前结束学业，于1925年回到了阔别已久的祖国。 他迫不及待地回国，一心想报效祖国。可是到了祖国，迎接、等待他的是什么呢？是上海马路上的斑斑血迹。他是1925年6月1日在上海登上朝思暮想的国土的。然而，就在两天前这里发生了“五卅”惨案，被反动当局镇压的学生、工人的血迹在马路上仍依稀可见。这使闻一多失去了生气，惆怅莫名。接下来，他看到的、听到的是军阀混战，狼烟四起，帝国主义入侵，山河破碎，人民饥寒交迫，生活在水深火热之中。此时，他的“爱国梦”破灭了。他以诗人独有的表达方式，在心灵深处呐喊道：“这不是我的中华，不对，不对！”“那不是你，那不是我的心爱！”(《发现》)痛定思痛之后，他缄默了，他决心把政治留给“魔鬼去开垦”。 从此，他越来越远离政治，远离群众，缩进学术的象牙之塔，潜心于、《楚辞》等古籍的研究。无论是在南京中央大学，武汉大学，还是重返清华园任教，乃至在西南联大蒙自文学院时，他都基本不问政治，一心做学问。在蒙自时，他整天缩在哥胪士洋行中做学问，辛勤笔耕，几乎连楼梯都不下，因而被隔壁的郑天挺先生和罗膺中先生赐给了“何妨一下楼主人”的雅号。 其实，这时的闻一多虽想痛苦地离开政治，实际上却不能办到。一贯讲课不涉他的闻一多在西安事变发生后，他在清华一院二号教室上课讲“毛诗”时，竟抛开讲义，说起西安事变，像与人辩论似的。这使熟悉他的人想到，他真是不鸣则已，一鸣惊人，他并非不问政治。西安事变的和平解决，又使他颇感意外。多年后，他说“像这样大敌当前，能捐前嫌，顾大体，这只有共产党才做得到啊！”这些情况说明，闻一多在理想破灭后，其缄默是在痛苦地思索，观察着一切。当他一旦辨明是非，认定方向后，必将义无反顾地为坚持真理而斗争。 在昆明八年的西南联大生涯，是闻一多一生的重要转折时期，使他由一个不愿过问政治的学者、诗人、教授，拍案而起，成为坚强的民主斗士。由长沙步行湘、黔、滇，随“长沙临大”迁至昆明组成“联大”的生活，使闻一多接触、了解了人民，特别是苦难深重的少数民族人民的生活；在西南联大奔波流离的躲空袭的感受；从郊区赶往联大新校舍上课时，途中亲睹“病兵”走着走着便倒毙的惨状；特别是生活每况愈下，大学教授薪金养活不了家小，被迫典当衣物，仍无法饱腹，只好到中学兼差，甚至操起“手工业”为人治印的现实生活，促使了闻一多的转变。他终于打破了沉默，忧国忧民的爱国热忱终于像火山一样喷发出来，他拍案而起了！ 那是1943年至1944年间的事。 1943年，闻一多应联大英藉教授罗伯特·白英之请，合作编译《中国诗选》。他读到了朱自清由成都休假带来的一本诗集，上面刊有解放区诗人田间的几首诗，如《自由，向我们走来》、《五人在商议》、《给饲养员》、《多一些》、《晋察冀向你笑着》、《人民底舞》等等。读后，闻一多从多年的苦思中大为振奋，他在一次讲唐诗的课堂上又一次打破了不谈课外事的惯例，介绍起田间的诗来了。他称田间的诗是“时代的鼓点”，田间是“时代的鼓手”，呼吁当今时代应有更多的这样的鼓手。这堂课引起了强烈反响，人们纷纷议论说：“这听鼓的诗人将要变成擂鼓的诗人了。”真是如此！此后的闻一多积极投入政治活动，大声疾呼：“不仅要做新诗，更要做新的诗人”，“向圈子外喊去”，“要把文学和政治打成一片”。 在1944年联大学生组织的“五四”座谈会上和抗战七周年时事座谈会上，当有人要求学生要潜心于学术，而不要驰心于学术以外的事；认为学生的天职是读书，学生过问政治是幼稚等等时，闻一多实在听不下去了，他一次又一次地拍案而起，“火”起来了。他说：“国家糟到这步田地，我们再不出来讲话，还要等到什么时候？我们不管，还有谁管？有人怕青年人'闹事'，我倒以为闹闹何妨！'五四'是我们学生闹起来的，'一二·九'也是学生闹起来的。请问有什么害处？” 闻一多从此一发而不可收拾，他积极投入政治活动，汇入爱国民主运动的洪流。闻一多要呐喊了，可个人的力量是微不足道的，惟有加入一个组织与更多的同志团结一道才有力量。他要求参加共产党，但朋友们劝他，为了民主斗争，眼下加入民盟更为合适。加入民盟后，闻一多更英勇地投入了民主斗争。这时的他，不仅是诗人、学者、教授，更是民主斗士了。 1944年10月10日，在昆华女中召开的演讲会上，当有特务用放大爆竹来破坏会议时，闻一多愤怒地指责：“放爆竹捣乱会场的人，有什么意见，可以公开上台来讲！我们鼓掌欢迎你们上台来跟大家讲！但不要在台下偷偷摸摸地破坏！”闻一多义正辞严的责问，弄得特务们面面相觑。 对国民党政府大搞“消极抗日，积极反共”的阴谋，大西南危在旦夕时，闻一多大声疾呼：“用人民的血汗养的军队，为什么不拿出来为人民抵抗敌人？以人民的子弟组成的队伍，为什么不放他们来保卫人民自己的家乡？我们要抗议！我们要叫喊！我们要愤怒！我们的第一个呼声是：拿出国家的实力来保卫大西南，这抗战的最后根据地！” 1945年在云南大学召开纪念“五四”大会，天公不作美，下起雨来了。会场秩序突然混乱起来，人们纷纷跑到树下躲雨，无论主持会议的人怎样呼喊都无法维持。这时，闻一多走向扩音器，掀动长髯，大声吼道：“下这点雨不可怕。三千年前，周武王起兵伐纣，出兵的当天，也遇到了一阵雨，有人说，这是不吉利。当时有人站出来驳斥，说：这是'天洗兵'，是老天爷帮我们的忙，把兵器上的灰尘洗得干干净净，打敌人更加有力量啦！”接着，闻一多手臂一挥，高声讲道：“今天，我们也遇到了这种情况，这是'天洗兵'。勇敢的青年站过来！是继承五四传统的青年站过来！”“这是行动的时候了，让民主回到民众中去！”他的话立刻起了作用，人们站拢来了，会议在风雨中继续开下去。 一个一心巴结国民党，写了不少为国民党法西斯统治寻找哲学根据文章的西南联大哲学家，有一次向闻一多挑衅性地说道：“有人说，你们民主同盟是共产党的尾巴，为什么要当尾巴？”闻一多立即反击说：“谁的主张正确，我们就支持谁，我们支持共产党的正确主张。如果说这就是做尾巴，那么，做共产党的尾巴又有何不可？难道自命清高而又向反动当局献媚取宠，反而是光彩体面的吗？”弄得这位教授面红耳赤，无言以对。 日本无条件投降的消息传到闻一多先生住宿的昆明近郊司家营联大文科研究所时，闻一多高兴得欢跳起来，犹如一个热情洋溢的青年。这时他做的第一件事便是直奔理发店，剪去抗战不胜利决不剪去的美髯。可惜，全国人民高兴得太早了，闻一多的美髯也剃得太早了。抗战庆祝胜利的余音未逝，美蒋反动派阴谋发动内战的阴霾又笼罩在祖国上空了。这时，闻一多奔走呼号，反对内战。当国民党反动当局镇压争民主、反内战的民主运动，在昆明制造了惨绝人寰的一二·一惨案时，闻一多怒不可遇，他把这一天称作是“中华民国最黑暗的日子”。在闻一多等进步教授的倡议下，西南联大教授会决定罢教一周，以示对国民党反动当局的抗议和对爱国青年的支持。 一二·一惨案中牺牲的四烈士出殡时，闻一多、吴晗等教授怀着极大的悲愤参加了出殡大游行，走在队伍的最前面。在出殡队伍回到联大安葬四烈士时，闻一多发表了演讲，他说：“今天这四位青年朋友就在这里安息了……今天我们在死者的面前许下诺言，我们今后的方向是民主，我们要惩凶，关麟徵、李宗黄，他们跑到天涯，我们追到天涯，这一代追不了，下一代继续追，血的债是要用血来偿还的！” 民主斗士闻一多的这些铮铮言词，像匕首、像投枪，刺向国民党反动派，它刺得敌人胆颤心惊，刺得敌人恼羞成怒。 其实，拍案而起的民主斗士何止闻一多？吴晗也是另一位英勇的民主斗土。在为争民主而斗争中，他们都勇往直前，无所顾忌，从而赢得了广大群众的尊敬，人们称闻一多的演讲为“狮子吼”，称吴晗的发言为“小钢炮”。他们俩只是众多的民主斗士中的代表人物罢了。但是，越是陷入灭顶之灾的反动家伙，越是会疯狂地作垂死挣扎。反动派终于将罪恶的魔爪伸向爱国的民主斗土了，他们在昆明又制造了一起骇人听闻的血案——“李闻惨案”。 所谓“李闻惨案”，就是国民党特务用卑劣的手段暗杀民主斗士、中国民主同盟中央委员、民盟昆明支部的领导人李公朴和闻一多。 一二·一惨案后，国民党反动派加快了发动内战的准备步伐，为了解除发动内战的后顾之忧，便在蒋管区内进一步疯狂镇压民主力量，借以巩固后方。因而在内战爆发前，国民党反动派又先后制造了重庆“较场口血案”、南京“下关惨案”和昆明的“李闻惨案”。 国民党反动当局在暗杀李公朴、闻一多之前，大造反动舆论，对民盟和爱国民主人土造谣中伤。国民党特务以“中国民主自由大同盟”的署名组织散发传单造谣说：“李公朴奉中共之命，携带巨款来昆明密谋暴动！”又称：“云南民盟支部组织暗杀公司，董事长是闻一多。”这是1946年5月，李公朴刚从重庆到昆明时之事。6月间，特务组织又张贴标语和传单，造谣说，民盟“勾结地方势力想夺取政权！”更为甚者，国民党特务和反动当局公然对爱国民主人土进行人身攻击，他们诬蔑爱国民主人士是苏联的走卒和害人虫。竟将闻一多称为“闻一多夫”，吴晗是“吴晗诺夫”。在由昆明市反动警察局印刷的夏季卫生标语中，竟出现了“扑灭李公朴的传染病”的标语。 与此同时，国民党反动当局大肆制造紧张空气，实行昆明全城大搜查，防备所谓“奸党爆动”。在大搜查中，连滇军将领安恩溥、禄国藩的住宅也遭搜查。反动当局把昆明城弄得鸡犬不宁，一片白色恐怖。 面对国民党反动当局的诬蔑攻击和造谣中伤，昆明民盟支部决定反击。为了揭穿国民党的阴谋和向人民说清真相，民盟接连召开了三次记者招待会，由民盟负责人李公朴、闻一多、楚图南、潘光旦、费孝通等向各界表明民盟的态度和立场。他们反复强调：民盟是非暴力的革命团体，只以和平方式争取民主，暗杀、暴动更是民盟所反对的。其实，国民党反动派玩弄的是贼喊捉贼的手法，他们造谣说别人组织暗杀活动，实际上是他们在策划暗杀活动。其阴谋被揭穿后，国民党反动当局又玩起了威胁恐吓的手法，公开或未公开地表态，李公朴、闻一多等人是要暗杀的对象，他们的名字都被列入将要被暗杀的黑名单。民主斗士为国为民奋斗献身，早把生死置之度外。“民不畏死，奈何以死惧之？”李公朴先生针对反动派的恐吓，就多次公开声称：“我两只脚跨出门，就不准备再跨回来！” 造谣中伤、恐吓威胁，都阻止不了爱国民主斗土前进的步伐，国民党反动派狗急跳墙，为了使发动内战后有个安定的后方，便真的将暗杀计划付诸实施，举起了杀害民主人士的屠刀。在昆明第一个惨遭国民党特务暗杀的便是李公朴先生。 李公朴是我国文化界著名的进步人士，知名的社会活动家，他是江苏常州人，早年投身革命，北伐战争时从事政治工作。蒋介石发动四一二反革命政变，李公朴痛心疾首，愤然离开了军队，脱离了国民党，赴美求学。回国后积极从事民众教育，创办《读书生活》杂志和读书生活出版社。九一八事变爆发后，他与宋庆龄等人在上海组织全国各界救国会，并为负责人之一，积极开展抗日救亡运动。 这一切自然为蒋介石集团所不能容忍，将救国会的七位负责人逮捕入狱。这就是著名的“七君子事件”，李公朴便是。“七君子”之一。经宋庆龄等营救出狱后，李公朴仍义无反顾地开展抗日救亡运动。武汉会战失败后，他深刻地认识到国民党反动派不可能挽救中国的危亡，只有共产党才是希望，决心到革命圣地延安去参观学习。到延安后，他在共产党的支持下，组织“抗战教学团”，通过敌人封锁线，深入敌后晋察冀边区考察和进行宣传抗战的教育工作。这时，他还发表了一系列文章，公开表明抗战胜利的希望在共产党身上的观点。太平洋战争爆发后，昆明成了抗战大后方的重要枢纽，李公朴来到了昆明。他创办“北门书屋”和“北门出版社”，出版发行进步书籍，组织爱国民主人士学习、座谈，揭露蒋介石内战的阴谋，团结爱国民主人士和进步学生反内战、争民主。 李公朴的爱国活动，使敌人十分恐惧和仇视。国民党反动当局在西南联大复员北上的最后一批学生离昆后，以为民主力量减弱了，是镇压民主人士的大好时机，便对李公朴下毒手了。 1946年7月11日晚饭后，李公朴偕夫人张曼筠外出办事。晚上九点左右，他们乘公共汽车返家。当夫妻俩下车处经学院坡回北门寓所的途中，李公朴突然遭到国民党特务无声手枪的袭击，中弹倒地。过路的群众和闻讯赶来的云南大学的学生将受伤的李先生迅速送往云大医院抢救。终因伤势严重，抢救无效，于第二天凌晨逝世。当闻一多、楚图南、尚钺等战友赶到云大医院时，李公朴已经闭上了双眼。他临终的最后一句话是：“天……快……亮……了。” 李公朴被害后，有消息说国民党特务要暗杀的第二号人物就是闻一多。朋友们劝闻一多少外出，以免发生意外。但闻一多面对死去的战友，他怎能不管呢？他说：“李先生为民主可以献身，我们不出来何以慰死者？”他加班加点赶写《李公朴先生被刺经过》、《中国民主同盟云南省支部发言人为李公朴同志被暴徒暗杀事件之严重抗议》，见诸报端，揭露国民党反动派的滔天罪行，悼念死去的战友。这时，国民党特务对闻一多的盯梢越来越严重，西仓坡联大宿舍闻一多的住处常有不三不四的人光顾