Chapter 131 Mao Zedong directly directed the negotiations

Negotiation is a war without gunpowder, and it is not at all easier and easier than a duel on the battlefield.Because even the slightest negligence or unnecessary concessions at the negotiating table may cost the lives and sacrifices of soldiers on the battlefield. The Korean armistice negotiations are different from the general negotiations in history, and have particularities: First, it is not a negotiation between the victor and the defeated country, nor is it a negotiation to accept the terms of surrender.That kind of negotiation is relatively easy to talk about. If you disagree, you will be forced, if you disagree, you will be beaten, and if you disagree, you will be beaten to death.After the Sino-Japanese War was defeated, the Qing Dynasty sent Li Hongzhang to Japan to sign the "Treaty of Shimonoseki", which is an example. Not to mention the cession of land and compensation, Li Hongzhang, the negotiating minister, was shot in the head, so that your plenipotentiary minister's head was covered with white gauze , It's like flying a white flag, really throwing away the national dignity and personality.Even so, you have to sign a contract.Because, the defeated country has little room for bargaining.

Second, it is also different from negotiations between victorious countries.After the victory of the First World War, the "Paris Peace Treaty" was signed, and the victorious countries would share profits. The Korean armistice negotiations were negotiations between two countries that had a tie, and two countries where neither of them failed.In particular, after the world's number one power was beaten with headaches, feet, hearts, and mouths, it was unwilling to negotiate and had to negotiate.Therefore, such negotiations are not unconditional surrender, but armistice negotiations.Let's negotiate, and add the word "truce" in front of it, which means nothing else, but stop fighting when no one can win, let's talk.You are the world boss, why don't you fight?It goes without saying that the fight cannot be won.The boss of the world can't win the fight, and has negotiated an armistice. This is a loss of face!

In this case, can the Americans give in easily?Is this negotiation easy to negotiate?The answer is obvious. At that time, the mentality of the United States, the world leader, was that it wanted to fight when it failed to agree, and wanted to talk when it couldn't win. Talking and fighting were entangled, and it was always unwilling.The result is to talk about beating, beating and talking, jingling, jingling, so lively.That said, it's not a single negotiation, there's a fight in it.Both the negotiation field and the battlefield must be well coordinated.The United States is the world's number one, and it is used to being the number one. Talking with defeated Japan and Germany is all arrogant, with its tail raised to the sky; even talking with Britain and the Soviet Union is also a matter of bargaining, and the United States must also have the upper hand .Talking to the new China, the United States looks down on the poor and weak China, disdains to talk to China, has no shame to talk to China, but has no choice, and has to talk when it can't win, and has to cover its heart Wo suffocated to talk.

You said, is this negotiation that makes the US boss hold his heart, is it easy to talk about? The great strategist Mao Zedong attached great importance to this negotiation.He chose three people: Li Kenong, Qiao Guanhua, and Deng Hua. Li Kenong, a veteran of the CCP's intelligence work, was one of the "Three Masters" of the CCP's early intelligence work.He is not an ordinary person, he has never led soldiers to fight, many people don't know much about him, and his reputation in history is far from matching his achievements. He is, in fact, one of the highest-ranking intelligence officials of the Communist Party of China.Mao Zedong once said to Li Kenong's daughter: "Your father is the biggest spy of the Communist Party. If it weren't for him, many senior Communist Party cadres like Zhou Enlai would have passed away long ago."

The very popular TV series reflects the struggle on the CCP's espionage front under the leadership of Li Kenong. There are two widely circulated stories in the history circles, which are vividly passed down: first, after Li Kenong’s death in 1962, the CIA took a three-day holiday to celebrate; The power of the army can surpass an army.It is impossible to verify whether these two stories are true or not, but his energy can be seen. In 1955, Li Kenong was awarded the rank of general and served as the deputy chief of staff of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. Mao Zedong still sent this veteran to the Korean armistice negotiations.

Qiao Guanhua, who was called "Master Qiao" by Mao Zedong, was only 38 years old at the time. He had just become the director of the China International Information Bureau.He and Hu Qiaomu were loved by Mao Zedong because of their talents, and they were called the "two Qiaos" in the north and south of China. When he was about to leave, Mao Zedong met Li Kenong and said to him: "I have ordered your general." Before leaving, Zhou Enlai, the master negotiator, used an old Chinese saying to express his grasp of the negotiation process, that is, he should do what he should do in the US negotiations. Do what you can, stop what you can't stop.

This is the great politician. In order to facilitate negotiations, Mao Zedong divided the Korean armistice negotiating team into "three lines." The first line: Five official negotiators came forward to face-to-face confrontation with the United States and South Korea. The second line: Li Kenong sits in Kaesong, Qiao Guanhua assists, the two are in the back room of the negotiating field, do not directly come forward, direct the negotiation struggle. The third line: Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Kim Il Sung.In fact, they are the bosses of the negotiations.In the first month of the negotiations, Mao Zedong sent more than 40 telegrams to Li Kenong, ranging from negotiating principles and agenda revisions to small speeches, site safety, and prohibiting vehicles from flying white flags. angle, clear instructions or reminders.

At that time, in order to direct the negotiations, Zhou Enlai, the master negotiator, worked very hard. He was busy with state affairs every day until midnight, and he had to take time to watch Li Kenong’s North Korean calls, report to Mao Zedong, and discuss countermeasures. For negotiations, Mao Zedong formulated the following principles: 1.Allowable or unavoidable, look at the right time, let; 2.The United States will not give in when it is arrogant and unreasonable, will not give in when it is bluffing, and will not give in when it does not work; 3.Concessions must be effective. The U.S. government also attaches great importance to this negotiation and dare not be vague at all.They carefully select good negotiators and clarify the negotiation principles and requirements.They asked the American negotiators: to practice sitting exercises, even if you sit for six hours in a row, don't blink your eyes and don't go to the toilet.

That means: if you can't beat him, just sit and kill him.