Chapter 17 Chapter 16 The Famous Victory at Shangganling

In the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the Battle of Shangganling was a famous defensive battle that attracted worldwide attention.This battle was caused by the "Jinhua Offensive" launched by the "United Nations Army" headed by the United States. After the Chinese People's Volunteers fought arduously in three stages, they won a great victory.The two warring parties competed fiercely for 43 days and nights on the two hilltop positions with a total area of ​​less than 4 square kilometers in the Shangganling area. , The scale of the battle developed from a battle to a battle, with a total of more than 37,000 casualties on both sides.In such a narrow area, the two warring parties invested so many troops, fought for a long time, and fought so intensely, which is unique in the history of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and it is also rare in the history of world wars.This campaign played out the military prestige of the Chinese army and the national prestige of the People's Republic of China, greatly increased the aspirations of the Chinese people, and greatly destroyed the prestige of the enemy army, thus breaking the passiveness of the U.S. authorities in order to get rid of the passiveness on the battlefield and in the armistice negotiations. Situational dream.

On June 10, 1951, the Volunteer Army and the People's Army successfully ended the fifth battle, stabilizing the front at the area near the "38th Parallel". The Korean War entered a stalemate. The United States was forced to accept armistice negotiations on June 30. Formed a situation where the two armies confront each other and talk while fighting.The U.S. authorities are still superstitious about its aircraft and artillery, trying to use military pressure to force China and North Korea to submit to the truce negotiation table in order to seek a so-called "honorable truce."As a result, the U.S. aggressors launched successive ground and air offensives on the Korean battlefield, and even used bacteriological weapons in defiance of the world.Unfortunately, none of these tricks worked, and instead fell into a more passive situation.After the failure of its ground forces to launch the autumn offensive in 1951, it has not launched a larger-scale offensive.During this period, the Chinese People's Volunteers implemented the strategic policy of protracted combat and active defense. The more they fought, the stronger they became, and the more active they became.Tunnel fortifications were built on the front front, like an underground Great Wall; the rear railway and road transportation formed a "steel transportation line", and the supply of materials was greatly improved; the special forces, especially the artillery, were further strengthened, and the troops were sufficient and their equipment was also improved; Front-line troops actively carry out small-scale offensive operations, forcing the enemy to be passively beaten.

During the armistice negotiations, the United States lacked the sincerity to resolve the North Korean issue in a fair and reasonable manner, and the issue of the arrangement of prisoners of war remained unresolved.Negotiations have come to an impasse due to the U.S.'s stubborn insistence on detaining the captured personnel from North Korea and China. 1952 was the year of the 34th U.S. presidential election, and the resolution of the protracted and costly Korean War became the center of controversy in the U.S. presidential election.In the autumn of this year, the Seventh General Assembly of the United Nations will be held, and the solution to the North Korean issue has of course become the main topic.Under this political situation, the U.S. authorities were eager to reverse the passive situation in the Korean War, trying to win a battle on the front line, ease the anti-war sentiment at home and abroad, and appease and win over the participating countries to continue to follow the United States.

In mid-August, Clark, the commander-in-chief of the "United Nations Army", and his senior officers rushed to the central front of the Korean front for inspection, and consulted and planned with the commander of the US Army's 8th Army, Commander of the 8th Army, and the "President" Syngman Rhee of South Korea.They found that under the continuous attacks of the Volunteers and the People's Army, the "United Nations Army" had lost the advantage of the first attack on the battlefield, and its fighting spirit was in a state of depression, and the initiative was in the hands of the Volunteers and the People's Army.

In order to get rid of the passive situation on the battlefield and at the armistice negotiating table, the U.S. authorities put on a tough stance to give the ruling Democratic Party some campaign momentum, and to strengthen the prestige of the U.S. at the UN General Assembly. On October 8, at the armistice negotiation table, regarding the issue of the repatriation of prisoners of war, they categorically rejected the reasonable solution from the DPRK and China, and unilaterally announced that the armistice negotiations would be adjourned indefinitely.On the battlefield, the "United Nations Army" concentrated its forces and firepower on October 14 and launched the "Jinhua Offensive" against the Volunteers with the Shangganling area as the main target.Van Fleet called this offensive a so-called "showdown" that "reversed the current situation." The spearhead of the "Jinhua Offensive" attack is the direction of Wusheng Mountain, a strategic point in the central front of the Volunteer Army. The specific offensive targets are the 597.9 highlands (called "triangular mountain" by the enemy) and 537.7 highlands in the Shangganling area north of Jinhua and south of Wusheng Mountain There are two hilltop positions in Beishan (the enemy calls it "Sniper Ridge").These two positions are the corners of Shangganling, with a total area of ​​about 3.7 square kilometers. They are the natural barrier of Shangganling and the defensive strongholds of the two front companies of the main position of Wusheng Mountain.These two positions are in a prominent position. When you enter the enemy, you can overlook the Jinhua and directly threaten the enemy's Jinhua defense line, especially the Beishan position on the 537.7 highland, which is only 150 meters away from the enemy's front position. Transform to Jincheng Highway.At the same time, the nearby Xixi Mountain and Pingkangchuan are the hubs of the central front of the Volunteer Army. The terrain is open and the railways and roads run through the depths.The enemy's direct attempt to launch the "Golden Offensive" is to disrupt the ongoing tactical counterattack of the Volunteer Army and the People's Army, occupy the 597.9 Heights and the Beishan Mountains of the 537.7 Heights, improve its defensive posture, and use it to reconnaissance and test the stability of the Volunteer Army and the People's Army's defense. , in order to wait for an opportunity to seize the Five Sacred Mountains, and use military pressure to enhance its position on the armistice negotiation table.

The enemy's "Golden Offensive" was not only targeted by Van Fleet, but also deployed and directed by him.Before attacking, he adjusted his deployment.The Jixiong Mountain position located 400 meters south of the 597.9 highland, which was defended by a company of the 2nd Division of the former South Korean Army, was handed over to a regiment of the 7th Division of the U.S. 9th Army to take over as a supporting position for attacking the 597.9 Highland; Relying on the 537.7 highland, a regiment of the 2nd Division attacked Beishan, the 537.7 highland.In addition, the 40th Division of the U.S. Army was transferred to the southwest area of ​​Jinhua, and the 3rd Division of the U.S. Army was transferred to the southwest area of ​​Cheorwon west of Jinhua.At the same time, small teams were sent to conduct tentative attacks on the upcoming 597.9 highland and 537.7 highland Beishan.

In late August, according to the signs that the enemy might launch an offensive, the Volunteer Army Command repeatedly called the frontline troops to pay close attention to the enemy's situation in front of them and make preparations for the enemy's attack. In early September, the Volunteer Army was ready to defend against local enemy attacks.The 15th Army of the 3rd Corps, which was in charge of the defense missions in the south of Pyeongkang on the central front, from Cheorwon, Jinhwa to the east of Jincheng, formulated a combat plan to smash the attack of 3 to 4 enemy divisions, and adjusted its deployment.On the front of the defensive position, a support-point fortification with tunnels as the backbone is built. Each support point in front of the formation has tunnels, open and hidden firepower points, trenches and traffic trenches, etc., forming a circular defensive position.At the support points of the 597.9 highland and 537.7 highland Beishan companies in the Shangganling area, 48 tunnels with a height of 10 meters or more were built, as well as a large number of anti-tank trenches, obstacles were set up, and many mines were laid.In terms of troop deployment, the focus is on the direction of the West Mountain to the west of the Five Sacred Mountains. The Shangganling area to the south of the Five Sacred Mountains is defended by the 135th Regiment of the 45th Division of the army. In particular, the two positions of the 597.9 Highland and the 537.7 Highland North Mountain have been strengthened. Troops and firepower.The main force of the 45th Division was used to attack the enemy at Zhuzidong Nanshan, in order to cooperate with the tactical counterattack across the board.

Starting from October 12, the "United Nations Army" used a large number of air forces and artillery to bombard the Volunteer Army's main position on Wusheng Mountain, Shangganling, 597.9 Highland and 537.7 Highland Beishan positions for two consecutive days. From 3 o'clock on the 14th, another two hours of artillery preparations were carried out on the Beishan positions on the 597.9 highland and 537.7 highland. At 5 o'clock, the 7th Division of the U.S. Army and the 2nd Division of the South Korean Army, with a total of 7 battalions, supported by more than 300 artillery pieces, more than 30 tanks, and more than 40 aircraft, shot at the Volunteer Army's 597.9 Heights and 537.7 Heights respectively. The highland Beishan position launched a fierce attack.At the same time, a total of 4 battalions of the U.S. Army and the South Korean Army launched diversionary attacks on several high grounds near Shangganling. In order to suppress the strength of the Volunteer Army and the People's Army and create momentum, the "United Nations Army" mobilized 6 aircraft carriers, 4 cruisers, and more than 30 soldiers in the sea east of Gosung on the east coast of North Korea on the second day after the "Golden Offensive" was launched. A destroyer and the 1st Division of the U.S. Cavalry stationed in Japan conducted a so-called "actual combat exercise behind enemy lines" that was close to actual combat. The transport plane flew over my front line to show the cooperation of its airborne troops.

On the 14th, the "United Nations Army" fired a total of more than 300,000 shells and dropped more than 500 bombs on the two positions of the Volunteer Army at the 597.9 highland and the 537.7 highland Beishan in the Shangganling area. continuous impact.The two reinforced companies of the 135th Regiment of the Volunteer Army Defense Force, with the support of only 15 mountain artillery, field artillery, howitzers and 12 82 mortars, stubbornly resisted the enemy's attack.In the afternoon of the battle, almost all the field fortifications in the two positions were destroyed, causing heavy casualties. The surface positions were occupied by the "United Nations Army", and the defensive troops were forced to turn to tunnels to fight.That night, the 45th Division of the Volunteer Army added artillery and took advantage of the enemy's unstable foothold to counterattack the "United Nations Army" in 4 routes. The "United Nations Army" violently blocked them with a large amount of artillery fire.With the strong cooperation of the troops insisting on tunnel operations, the counterattack troops of the Volunteer Army regained their positions.

In order to concentrate its forces against the enemy's attack, the Volunteer Army adjusted its deployment and transferred two artillery battalions to the Shangganling area. Two battalions from the 134th Regiment and one battalion from the 133rd Regiment joined the defensive operations in the two positions. On the 15th, the 15th Army of the Volunteer Army suspended its counterattack against the enemy at Zhuzidong Nanshan, and concentrated its efforts to crush the enemy's attack on the Shangganling area. The enemy's "Jinhua Offensive" was originally expected to capture only two hilltop positions. With the support of ammunition and aviation support, with the strength of 2 battalions, it is prepared to lose about 300 people, and the goal can be achieved within 5 days of combat.However, on the first day of the offensive, they mobilized seven infantry battalions and poured tens of thousands of shells and bombs, but they still hit a hard nail. From the 15th to the 18th, the "United Nations Army" invested 2 regiments and 4 battalions successively. With the support of a large number of artillery and aviation, they successively attacked the two positions violently.The defensive troops of the 45th Division of the Volunteer Army fought tenaciously and actively counterattacked, and launched a fierce battle for positions with the enemy.The enemy seized the surface position during the day, and our army came out of the tunnel at night to counterattack and regain it.Repeatedly fighting, the battle is very fierce. On the 19th, the 45th Division of the Volunteer Army counterattacked the enemy occupying the surface positions on the North Mountain of the 597.9 Heights and the 537.7 Heights with the support of 103 artillery pieces with 3 companies. With the cooperation of troops outside the tunnel, the internal and external pincers fought fiercely for 7 hours, wiped out 5 enemy companies, and restored the position in one fell swoop. On the 20th, the "United Nations Army" counterattacked with 2 battalions under the cover of 30 aircraft and a large amount of artillery fire.The defensive troops of the Volunteer Army fought fiercely with the enemy all day long. Except for a few positions on the northwest mountain leg of the 597.9 highland, the rest of the surface positions were occupied by the "United Nations Army".The Volunteer Army defenders retreated to the tunnel and continued to fight.

From the 14th to the 20th, the "United Nations Army" invested a total of 7 regiments and 17 infantry battalions in the Shangganling area. There were tanks on the ground and aircraft in the sky. So many shells and bombs were poured, causing more than 7,000 casualties, but none achieve the intended purpose. In this stage of the battle, the defensive troops of the Volunteer Army fought desperately with the attacking enemy.The commanders and fighters of the 45th Division participated in the battle bravely and witty, fearing death as home, and bravely killed the enemy.There were many thrilling heroic deeds in the battle. On the 14th, when the enemy was attacking Beishan, the 537.7 highland, the telephone line of the Volunteer Army Front Battalion Command Post was broken.Niu Baocai, the deputy squad leader of the telephone squad of the 1st Battalion of the 135th Regiment, braved the hail of bullets and immediately went out to check the line and was seriously injured on the way.Enduring the pain, he crawled hard, and finally found the line that was broken by the shells. He resolutely held the end of the wire with one hand, bit the other end with his teeth, and used his body as the wire to connect the phone and ensure the success of the battle. The smooth command and heroic sacrifice.During the counterattack at the 597.9 Heights that night, Yi Caixue, a soldier from the 7th Company of the 135th Regiment, led the combat team to rush forward bravely and wittily. He alone used grenades and grenades to blow up 12 enemy light and heavy machine guns and wiped out 3 group firepower points. Opened the way for the counterattack troops to charge.Afterwards, he held his ground again and repelled the enemy's counterattacks many times.During the battle, he seized 14 machine guns, 73 carbines, and two flamethrowers, and killed more than 100 enemies.Sun Zhanyuan, the platoon leader of the 7th company of the 135th regiment, led the whole platoon to compete with the enemy for positions.Even though his legs were blown off, he still insisted on commanding the battle.When the enemy rushed towards him, he repelled the enemy with the captured machine gun, killing and wounding more than 80 enemies.After the bullets were finished, he rang the last grenade untied from the enemy's body, rushed to the enemy group, and died with the enemy. During the counterattack on the 597.9 highland on the 19th, Huang Jiguang, the correspondent of the 2nd Battalion of the 135th Regiment, accompanied the deputy chief of staff of the battalion to the main attack company to participate in the battle.He saw that the main attack company's multiple attacks were blocked by the central firepower point of the enemy fort, and the company failed to organize blasting three times. At this critical moment, he immediately stepped forward and asked to blow up this firepower point.He led the blasting team to rush towards the enemy's position. When two comrades in arms died and were injured one after another, and his left arm was pierced, he endured severe pain and braved the enemy's fire to continue advancing.When approaching the enemy's firepower point, he threw several grenades to kill the enemy, but the enemy still had a perforating machine gun that was still firing wildly.With no ammunition around him and many wounds on his body, he resolutely threw himself at the enemy's fire point, blocked the perforation of the machine gun that was firing with his chest, and opened up the way for the counterattack troops to advance.Inspired by his heroic actions, the counterattack troops quickly wiped out the enemy and regained their positions. During the 7-day battle, the 45th Division of the Volunteer Army invested a total of 21 infantry companies in 3 regiments; 25 artillery companies, 46 mountain artillery, field artillery, howitzers, and 24 rocket launchers.The enemy attacked during the day, our army counterattacked at night, and fought repeatedly.The Volunteers carried out 7 counterattacks in a planned and prepared manner, 3 of which fully restored their positions and 4 partially restored their positions. On the 20th, after the defensive troops of the Volunteer Army moved into the tunnel, the battle between the two positions entered a new stage. After the enemy occupied the two superficial positions in the Shangganling area, it was like stepping on a volcano. The ground under their feet was very restless. As long as the volunteers got out of the tunnel, they would suffer bad luck.In order to eliminate the Volunteer Army's tunnel troops under the positions, starting from October 21, they besieged the Volunteers in the tunnels of the two positions viciously, and at the same time adjusted the deployment of troops for the continued offensive. At the same time, the troops on the flanks of the Shangganling area were increased, and the 9th Division of the Southern Dynasty Army was transferred to the Jinhua area as a battle reserve. The "United Nations Army" must consolidate the occupied ground positions in order to further develop in depth.The Volunteer Army insisted on fighting in the tunnels, trying every means to restore the surface positions, and buying time for preparations for a decisive counterattack.Therefore, an unusual battle was launched on these two positions-the battle for the tunnel.The focus of the struggle was on the tunnel entrance.The enemy used aircraft bombing, artillery bombardment, explosive blasting, and flamethrowers to destroy the crossings, and also threw grenades, gasoline bombs, sulfur bombs, and even gas bombs at the tunnel crossings.These methods failed, so they used rocks, soil, sacks or barbed wire to block the entrance of the tunnel, and set up obstacles and built blockhouses near the entrance of the tunnel to block and siege the entrance of the tunnel.The troops of the Volunteer Army who stick to the tunnels, with the close cooperation of the deep ground troops, especially the artillery units, bravely and tenaciously waged fierce struggles against the enemy's siege and counter-siege, sabotage and counter-sabotage, blockade and anti-blockade. The party branch of the volunteer army sticks to the tunnel, gives full play to the role of a battle fortress, and organizes commanders and fighters to carry out in-depth activities of learning heroes and making military exploits in combination with the actual struggle, and fully promotes the commanders and fighters who are not afraid of hardships, hardships, hardships, sacrifices, and selflessness. The revolutionary spirit of fighting bravely and wisely fought back the enemy's siege and destruction, firmly guarded the tunnel, and created a rare miracle in the history of war. With the prolongation of the tunnel struggle, the fighting and life of the troops who stick to the tunnel have become more and more difficult.Some tunnels were blown down, some tunnel entrances were blocked, the tunnel space was reduced, the wounded continued to increase, and personnel activities were inconvenient; gunpowder smoke, blood, feces and sweat smell in the tunnels made the air extremely dirty, lack of oxygen, and breathing difficulties, especially for the wounded It is even more painful; due to the enemy's siege and blockade, it is difficult to replenish the tunnels, lack of food, ammunition, especially water, and sometimes they can only drink to quench their thirst.The commanders and fighters in the tunnel carried forward the revolutionary spirit of not fearing hardship and death, and overcame unimaginable difficulties with amazing perseverance.They are closely united, work together, are tenacious and unyielding, and persist in fighting.The tunnel commander of the 7th Company of the 134th Regiment hadn't had a sip of water for several days, and was extremely thirsty.The fire line transporter brought an apple into the tunnel and gave it to the company commander, the company commander gave it to the operator, the operator gave it to the health worker, the health worker gave it to the wounded, and the wounded man gave it to the combatant. The company commander took the lead and took a small bite, and then handed it to the soldiers. More than 10 people turned around a few times to finish eating an apple.There are too many such touching and moving deeds to enumerate. The troops guarding the tunnels also took the initiative to attack, and carried out extensive sniping activities and raids by small teams to attack the enemies on the surface.From the 21st to the 29th, the insisting tunnel troops organized squads and groups to attack 158 times by means of surprise attacks, wiped out more than 2,000 enemies, and recovered 7 positions.During this period, with the strength of 2 squads to 5 companies, with the cooperation of artillery fire and tunnel troops, the defense depth troops counterattacked 5 times to the 597.9 highland and 7 times to the Beishan of the 537.7 highland.Every counterattack can make the troops who stick to the tunnel get some soldiers and supplies. During the fierce tunnel struggle at the two positions in Shangganling, the steadfast troops received condolence letters and gifts from the second Chinese People's Consolation Mission to North Korea, bringing mother's warmth to the commanders and fighters and adding infinite strength to them.Commanders and fighters wrote letters to the condolence group in the tunnel, reporting their fighting life and expressing their determination to fight.Some letters wrote: "We were in a situation where we were 50 meters away from the enemy and faced each other up and down. However, we found a way and carried forward the spirit of hard work. In order to defend the glorious position and The motherland, in order to defend world peace, we have endured and overcome difficulties." "In addition to fighting, we just laugh and entertain, talk about our victories, and talk about the greatness of the motherland. Our mood is always happy, and we have never been defeated by the enemy We are afraid of blocking and blocking the tunnel entrance. Because we know the greatness of the task, understand the meaning of the battle, and firmly believe that we will surely win." The members of the condolence group were proud of witnessing the heroic achievements created by the volunteers, and were moved to tears by the noble revolutionary sentiments of the volunteers Eyes full.The troops of the Volunteer Army who stick to the tunnels in the Shangganling area, under the care of the head of the Volunteer Army and the head of the 3rd Corps, and under the uninterrupted command of the head of the 15th Army, the infantry and artillery cooperated closely inside and outside the tunnels, not only defending the tunnel positions, but also keeping the enemy in the surface positions Stalling, killing and exhausting the enemy in a large number, bought time for the main defense force to prepare for a decisive counterattack, and created favorable conditions for counterattack and recovery of positions. While the Volunteer Army insisted on fighting in the tunnel with a force, the main force was nervously preparing for the counterattack. On October 21, the Acting Commander Deng Hua of the Volunteer Army instructed the 15th Army: "At present, the enemy is charging our steel positions in battalions and regiments. Timing, kill and injure the enemy in large numbers, and the volunteer army's rear troops will fully support you, continue to fight resolutely, and the enemy can be defeated to death."According to this instruction, the head of the 3rd Corps decided to immediately transfer the 12th Army, which had just withdrawn from the front line and prepare to rest, to the Five Sacred Mountains area to participate in the battle, and instructed the defensive troops to mainly stick to the tunnels, and at the same time gather forces to replenish food and ammunition , to prepare for a decisive counterattack.It was also decided to use the 29th Division of the 15th Army to replace all the defenses of the 45th Division except for the two positions in the Shangganling area, so that the 45th Division could concentrate on fighting for the two positions.In addition, one battalion and four companies of ground artillery, one regiment of anti-aircraft artillery were strengthened for the 15th Army, and 1,200 new recruits were added to the 45th Division. On October 25, the 15th Army held a combat meeting to study in detail the combat deployment for implementing a decisive counterattack.In order to ensure the supply of food and ammunition for counterattack operations, in addition to increasing the transportation force of the rear service troops of the Volunteer Army, three battalions of the 29th Division and a large number of government personnel were deployed to take on the task of front-line transportation of the 40-mile mountain road. 30,000 rounds. On the 27th, the head of the 3rd Corps gave clear instructions on the guiding ideology and tactical requirements for the implementation of counterattack operations, emphasizing the need to establish a long-term fighting idea, prepare for repeated battles with the enemy, and gradually kill and injure the enemy, so as to consume a large amount of the enemy. strategic purpose.By the 29th, troop replenishment and deployment adjustments had been completed.At the same time, two days of pre-fire preparations were also carried out to basically destroy the enemy's surface fortifications.At this point, the time for a decisive counterattack is ripe. At 21:00 on October 30th, 5 companies of the 45th Division and 2 companies of the 29th Division of the Volunteer Army’s 15th Army, a total of 7 infantry companies, cooperated with the 3 companies guarding the tunnel, and launched 50 mountain guns, field guns, howitzers and With the support of 24 rocket launchers and 30 chasing guns, they first counterattacked the enemy on the surface of the 597.9 high ground.After 5 hours of fierce fighting, 4 companies defending the enemy were wiped out, the surface position was restored, and multiple counterattacks by the enemy's 1 battalion were repelled. On November 1, the enemy dispatched dozens of planes, more than 70 tanks and a large number of artillery to bombard our position, fired more than 120,000 shells, and used 6 battalions to attack the 597.9 highland 14 times.The defensive troops of the Volunteer Army used field fortifications, bomb craters, and rock crevices to fight bravely, killing and wounding more than 1,500 enemies, and repelled the enemy's counterattack.That night, the 91st Regiment of the 31st Division of the 12th Army joined the battle and added 9 artillery companies to join the battle. On the morning of November 2, the "United Nations Army" carried out heavy shelling on the Shangganling position for four hours, firing more than 150,000 artillery shells, dispatching more than 100 aircraft sorties, and dropping more than 100 bombs.Afterwards, five battalions including the 7th Division of the U.S. Army, one battalion of the 187th U.S. Airborne Regiment, and two battalions of the 9th Division of the South Korean Army were concentrated. The defending troops repelled, killing and injuring more than 1,500 enemies.In the battle that day, the 4th Squadron of the 8th Company of the 91st Regiment of the 12th Army of the Volunteer Army, with the strong support of deep artillery fire, was flexible, brave and tenacious in fighting. The company's 7 attacks wiped out more than 400 enemies, creating an example of small soldiers fighting.From the 3rd, the enemy continued to carry out violent attacks on the 597.9 Heights with a force of 1 to 4 battalions every day.One battalion of the 93rd Regiment of the 31st Division of the 12th Army of the Volunteer Army joined the battle. Together with the original defense forces, they repelled the enemy's multiple counterattacks on the 597.9 Heights, wiped out more than 6,000 enemies, and consolidated the position.In the battle on November 5, Hu Xiudao, a new soldier from the 5th Company of the 91st Regiment, when the squad leader was transferred to another place and his comrades were injured, he stood alone and fought back bravely and wisely with grenades and grenades. The enemy attacked 41 times, wiped out more than 280 enemies, and held the position.On the same day, the head of the Volunteer Army called to congratulate the victory of the 597.9 Heights operation, commended the participating troops, and instructed the participating troops to "make persistent efforts and fight resolutely until the enemy's partial attack is completely smashed." The head of the 3rd Corps decided on the same day , the 45th Division, except for the artillery, communications and logistics units, was withdrawn for rest and reorganization, and the 31st Division of the 12th Army was used to carry out the combat missions of the two positions in the Shangganling area. Artillery units.At the same time, the military headquarters of the Volunteer Army decided to organize the Five Sacred Mountains Battle Command Post under the leadership of Li Desheng, deputy commander of the 12th Army, to uniformly command all participating troops; and the Artillery 7th Division to organize an artillery command post to uniformly command all participating artillery units.These two command posts are still under the command of Qin Jiwei, commander of the 15th Army. On November 7, the Central Military Commission pointed out in a telegram to the head of the Volunteer Army: "The battle near the Five Sacred Mountains has developed into the scale of a battle and has achieved great victories. I hope you will encourage the army to fight resolutely and strive for Fight for victory."Encouraged by the Central Military Commission, the commanders and fighters who participated in the battle were greatly encouraged and their fighting spirit became stronger. On November 11, the 31st Division of the 12th Army of the Volunteer Army, with 2 companies of the 92nd Regiment, supported by 70 mountain artillery, field artillery, and howitzers, 24 rocket launchers, and 20 mortars, counterattacked the surface position of the North Mountain on the 537.7 Highland. The enemy, after only half an hour of fierce fighting, regained the position and wiped out the defending enemy.The next day, the 2nd Division of the South Korean Army counterattacked wildly with a regiment of troops supported by a large amount of artillery fire. After fierce fighting, the enemy occupied 4 positions at the two foothills of the North Mountain of Highland 537 and 7.Since then, the enemy and ourselves have launched a protracted battle on the positions at the foot of the two mountains.The enemy successively invested more than 6 battalions of troops, concentrated almost all the artillery fire in the battle, dispatched dozens of planes to bomb in turn every day, dropped a large number of heavy bombs, and the battle became more intense.On the 14th and 18th, the Volunteer Army defense forces put the main force of the 93rd Regiment of the 31st Division and the 106th Regiment of the 34th Division into battle.In the day and night battles from the 14th to the 17th, more than 70 impacts from one platoon to one regiment of the enemy were repelled.After repeated struggles, until the 25th, the volunteer defense forces finally repelled the enemy's crazy counterattack and consolidated the Beishan position on the 537.7 highland.Due to the heavy casualties, the enemy was unable to fight any more, so they had to withdraw to make up for rest, indicating that the "Jinhua Offensive" had failed.So far, the battle for the two positions in the Shangganling area ended with the victory of the volunteers.Clark later recalled: "What started as an attack with limited targets developed into a vicious gamble to save face." "This operation was a failure." In the battle for two positions less than 4 square kilometers in the Shangganling area, the enemy successively invested 11 infantry regiments and 2 battalions in the attack. During the battle, more than 9,000 recruits were recruited, more than 300 cannons were used, and more than 170 tanks were used. More than 3,000 aircraft were dispatched.A total of more than 1.9 million artillery shells were fired and more than 5,000 bombs were dropped. At most, more than 300,000 artillery shells were fired and more than 500 bombs were dropped in one day and night.The rock and soil in the two positions were blown loose by 1 to 2 meters and turned into a piece of scorched earth.Volunteers participated in the battle successively, including the 45th Division and the 29th Division of the 15th Army, the 31st Division of the 12th Army and a regiment of the 34th Division. They used a total of 114 mountain artillery, field artillery, and howitzers, 24 rocket launchers, and 47 anti-aircraft guns. Door.Relying on the solid position with tunnels as the backbone, the defensive troops of the Volunteer Army repelled 25 attacks by troops above the battalion and more than 650 attacks by troops below the battalion. .In this campaign, the Volunteers killed, wounded and captured more than 25,000 enemy troops, shot down and injured more than 270 enemy aircraft, destroyed and injured 14 enemy tanks, and more than 60 cannons.At that time, a reporter from the Associated Press reported in a comprehensive report: "The battle of Jinhua has now reached an unprecedented level of intensity in the Korean War. In terms of casualties and a large amount of materials used, except for the Allied forces in North Korea in 1950 Except for the disastrous situation, it is unprecedented." In the Battle of Shangganling, the Chinese People's Volunteers inherited and carried forward the glorious tradition and fighting style of the Chinese People's Army, fully exerted the power of political work, and greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of the commanders and fighters.The commanders and fighters who participated in the war carried forward the spirit of patriotism, internationalism and revolutionary heroism. Under extremely cruel conditions, they were not afraid of violence and sacrifice, fought hard, bravely and wittily fought against ferocious enemies, and created countless heroic deeds. A large number of heroic collectives, heroes and role models have been produced.According to the statistics of the 15th Army, 1 company and 3 squads won the first-class merit; 1 battalion, 13 companies, 8 platoons, and 11 squads won the first-class merit; 1 battalion and 17 squads won the second-class merit. 1 company, 10 platoons, 35 squads.32 people won the title of model combat hero, 17 people won special meritorious service, and 107 people won first-class meritorious service. The heroic deeds created by the Chinese People's Volunteers in the Battle of Shangganling fully demonstrated the power of the Chinese people in defending peace and upholding justice.Their fighting spirit of daring to fight, dare to win, brave and tenacious, and hard work not only greatly inspired people who fought to defend the motherland and defend peace, but also became a great spirit that inspired the people of all ethnic groups in China to carry out socialist revolution and construction. strength.The extraordinary fighting spirit shown by the volunteers in the Battle of Shangganling, as a piece of spiritual wealth of the Chinese nation, will shine forever!