Chapter 12 2. One hundred thousand troops marched into the Northeast

According to the deployment of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, as soon as the Japanese invading army surrendered, our army began to march to the northeast. The first troops to enter the Northeast were the troops led by Zhou Baozhong and Li Zhaolin of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army. Zhou Baozhong graduated from the Yunnan Lecture Hall when he was young and served as the deputy commander of the National Revolutionary Army. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1927 and worked in the Central Military Commission the following year. In 1929, he went to study in the Soviet Union and returned to China two years later. He served as Secretary of the Military Committee of the Communist Party of China Manchuria (Note: Manchuria was a code name for the entire Northeast at that time) and Secretary of the Jilin Provincial Party Committee. After the "September 18th" Incident, he organized the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces and served as the commander of the Fifth Army and the commander-in-chief of the Second Route Army.

Li Zhaolin joined the Communist Youth League of China in 1930 and transferred to the party the following year. After the "September 18th" Incident, he took part in leading the anti-Japanese armed struggle and served as the commander-in-chief of the Third Route Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army. During the best period of development, the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army had 11 armies, which were divided into three groups.That is, the first, second, and third route armies.However, under the "crusade" and "suppression" of the powerful Kwantung Army in Japan,

In the next year, the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces gradually retreated into the deep mountains and old forests to persist in the struggle, which was very difficult and suffered great losses.Yang Jingyu, commander-in-chief of the First Route Army, committed suicide on February 23, 1940 after a fierce battle with the enemy.Other leaders such as Li Yanlu, Zhao Shangzhi, Wei Zhengmin and Zhao Yiman died successively.Under the leadership of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces reduced part of the remaining troops into a teaching brigade, with Zhou Baozhong as the brigade commander and Li Zhaolin as the deputy brigade commander. They were transferred to the Soviet Union for training and were incorporated into the Soviet Red Army series, known as the International Eighty-eighth Brigade.The other troops carried out decentralized activities, led by the camp training headquarters, and persisted in the struggle on the inside.

When the Soviet Red Army decided to send troops to the northeast, Zhou Baozhong and Li Zhaolin received a telegram in the name of Stalin: The Northeast is the Northeast of you Chinese people, the task of the Soviet Red Army is to liberate the Northeast, and the task of building the Northeast is yours.standby. With the rapid march of the Soviet Red Army to the Northeast, the International Eighty-Eighth Brigade led by Zhou Baozhong and Li Zhaolin also entered the Northeast together with the Soviet Army. After that, it was divided into many small groups to serve as the guides of the various troops, and soon joined forces with the original Anti-Japanese Army. The forces of all parties have restored contact and developed troops.Because they have a solid mass base in the Northeast and are very familiar with the situation, they quickly captured 57 cities together with the Soviet army. commander.For example, Zhou Baozhong served as the deputy commander of the garrison in Changchun, and Li Zhaolin served as the deputy commander of the garrison in Harbin.

The first to enter the Northeast from the pass was the Li Yunchang Department of the Jire Liao Military Division. Li Yunchang is a student of the fourth phase of the Whampoa Military Academy, and he is in the same class as Lin Biao and Liu Zhidan.He joined the party in 1925, participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising, and later worked underground in the Manchuria Provincial Committee, so he was quite familiar with the situation in Northeast China.During the War of Resistance Against Japan, he led the War of Resistance in the Eastern Hebei region of the Jinchaji Liberated Area for a long time.

During the long-term anti-Japanese struggle, the Jireliao Military Region has established bases in Liaoning and Rehe, which span the Great Wall and are the closest and most qualified bases for our army to enter the Northeast.Therefore, when Li Yunchang heard the news of the surrender of the Japanese invaders and the order from Commander-in-Chief Zhu to march to the Northeast from the radio at the headquarters of the Hebei Fengrun Dawang Zhuangjireliao Military Region in the early morning of August 13, he immediately joined forces with Deputy Commander Zhan Caifang and others. Convened the Party Committee of the Military Region, established the Dongjin Working Committee and the Dongjin General Headquarters with him as the secretary, and mobilized more than 13,000 people from eight regiments, one battalion, and two detachments in the division (accounting for one-third of the main force of the military region) 2) At the same time, there are four military division commanders, four prefectural committee secretaries, and more than 2,500 local cadres, who are divided into three groups and march towards the enemy's important strongholds.Chengde, which went straight into Rehe, joined the Soviet Red Army; went straight into Hiraizumi and Chifeng all the way; and the 12th Regiment, the main force of the division, led by Zeng Kelin, commander of the 16th Army Division of Jireliao, and Tang Kai, deputy political commissar, all the way. The Eighteenth Regiment and the North Korean Volunteer Team aimed at Shanhaiguan.

At that time, there were about 3,500 Japanese and puppet troops and local police stationed in Shanhaiguan. Relying on the high city wall of Shanhaiguan, they claimed that they would only hand over guns to the Kuomintang army and refused to surrender to the Communist army.Our army swept the periphery first, forming an encirclement of Shanhaiguan. On August 30, the Soviet Red Army came to Shanhaiguan.Since our army had no contact with the Soviet army, when Zeng Kelin ordered all the trumpeters in the army to blow the welcome horn, the Soviet army still didn't know what kind of army our army was, and immediately set up their weapons.Our army immediately sang the "Internationale", the song of the proletariat of the world, which immediately linked the two armies.Then through the Mongolian translator brought by the Soviet army, the two sides were able to communicate.The army led by the Communist Party of China and the army led by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union met for the first time here.The two sides agreed to jointly attack Shanhaiguan. After the shelling by the Soviet army, our army and the Soviet army entered Shanhaiguan together and accepted the surrender of the Japanese and puppet troops.Three days later, Yan'an's "Liberation Daily" published a report with the following headline on the front page: "North China's military center, Shanhaiguan, that is, Yuguan Town, which has fallen into the enemy's hands for 13 years, has been recovered by our army."

After capturing Shanhaiguan, Zeng Kelin led his army on a train and headed east. After Lian Kexing City, Jinxi, and Jinzhou, the 18th Regiment stayed to guard Jinzhou, and the 12th Regiment also left some troops to take over the political power in various places.The last remaining battalion, led by Zeng Kelin and Tang Kai, went to Shenyang with the Soviet army. When they arrived in Shenyang on September 5, Jiao Ruoyu, the political commissar of the Eighteenth Military Division, also caught up. At the same time as the various troops marched to the northeast, in order to build and consolidate the base areas in the northeast, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to transfer cadres from Yan'an and other parts of the country to the northeast one after another.The first batch of cadres working group consisting of more than 1,000 cadres from Yan'an was led by Lin Feng, deputy political commissar of the Jinsui Military Region. On August 28, after sending off Mao Zedong at the airport to negotiate with Chiang Kai-shek in Chongqing, Zhu De gave an important report to the cadres who were about to go to the Northeast in the auditorium of the Central Party School in Yan’an. He said:

We must actively develop to the Northeast, and the Northeast has a lot to do.Most of Chiang Kai-shek's troops are in the south, and it takes half a year to go to the northeast.Even if he goes to the Northeast, at most he occupies the city and I occupy the countryside.Some comrades are a little discouraged when they see that the Soviet Union and Chiang Kai-shek have signed a treaty these days.In the past, I thought that the Soviet Union would give us a big hand, but now I am disappointed.This is because the past wished too much.But you must know that although there is a treaty, the work in the Northeast is still very big.The Soviet Union withdrew its troops in three months. China was to be managed by the Chinese themselves, and the Northeast was to be managed by the Northeast people. Of course we could manage it. There was no provision in the treaty that we were not allowed to go, and we were not allowed to manage it.Now we need to send 50,000 troops to intervene, and another 10,000 cadres will be sent there in the future.This is a very long and solid way.

On August 29, the Central Secretariat chaired by Liu Shaoqi issued instructions to the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Branch and the Shandong Branch in the name of the CPC Central Committee: Cadres and troops from Shanxi, Chahar, Hebei and Shandong provinces who are going to be dispatched to the three northeastern provinces should set out quickly, and the troops can use the names of the Northeast Army and the Volunteer Army.As long as the Red Army (note: this refers to the Soviet Red Army entering the Northeast) does not resolutely oppose, we can enter the three northeastern provinces informally.Don't make a fuss, don't publish the news in the newspapers.After entering the three northeastern provinces, you don't need to take the train to occupy big cities, you can take small roads to control the vast villages and small and medium-sized cities where the Red Army has never been stationed, establish our local government and local troops, and greatly let go of development.In the big cities where our army cannot enter, we must also send cadres to work as much as possible.Informal contact can be made with the Red Army, and information can be notified to the Red Army.But don't force yourself to make formal contact with the Red Army, and don't ask the Red Army to help us.As long as the Red Army keeps silent and firmly opposes my actions, that will be fine.But I must take care of things that the Red Army firmly opposes, so as not to embarrass the Red Army in terms of diplomacy and law.If Shandong cadres and troops can enter the three northeastern provinces from the sea, the sooner the better.