Chapter 35 Chapter Thirty-Five

The Longnan Juyi was accomplished, and Jiang Yuntai's contribution was indisputable. On December 10, 1949, Peng Shaohui, commander of the Seventh Army of the People's Liberation Army, summoned Jiang Yuntai at the Laoye Temple in Wudu before he was ordered to enter Sichuan.The event of the two meeting and shaking hands became a major historic sign: first, the Northwest Yellow Dust was initially determined; second, the First Field Army entered a new period of development. This day was also the day when Chiang Kai-shek flew out of Chengdu for Taiwan and left the mainland. At that time, Wang Zhen led his troops into Xinjiang and achieved a decisive victory, and the situation in southern Xinjiang and northern Xinjiang was determined.As early as November 30, ten days ago, the Central Military Commission had made a decision to merge the First Field Army and the Northwest Military Region, called the "First Field Army and the Northwest Military Region", to unify the leadership and command of military work in the Northwest.Peng Dehuai is also the commander, Xi Zhongxun is the political commissar, Zhang Zongxun and Zhao Shoushan are still the deputy commanders, Gan Siqi is the deputy political commissar and director of the political department, and the chief of staff is Yan Kuiyao.There are still four Corps under its jurisdiction: the First Corps, the Second Corps, the Nineteenth Corps, and the Twenty-Second Corps.The Eighteenth Corps, which was marching to the southwest under the command of He Long, was determined to be assigned to the Second Field Army.

The First Field Army and Northwest Military Region has jurisdiction over 3 secondary military regions, 7 tertiary military regions, 32 military divisions, and 1 military and political university. The three secondary military regions are: Shaanxi Military Region (concurrent with the Nineteenth Corps), Gansu Military Region (concurrent with the Second Corps), and Xinjiang Military Region (concurrent with the First Corps). The seven third-level military regions are: Northern Shaanxi Military Region, Southern Shaanxi Military Region (concurrently operated by the Nineteenth Army), Qinghai Navy Region (concurrently operated by the First Army), Ningxia Military Region (concurrently operated by the Sixty-fifth Army), and Kashgar Military Region (concurrently operated by the 19th Army) The Second Army and), the Yining Military Region (and the Fifth Army), and the Dihua Military Region (and the Sixth Army).

These are the contents that Peng Shaohui wants to convey to Jiang Yuntai.Peng told Jiang that the Seventh Army still belonged to the First Army, but it had been transferred from Wang Zhen's First Army to Xu Guangda's Second Army.The Headquarters of the First Field Army decided to reorganize the uprising 119th Army of the Kuomintang into the Third Independent Army of the Northwest People's Liberation Army. Army commander Zhang Hanmin, director of the political department of the 19th Division of the Seventh Army, was the director of the political department, Kang Weihan was the chief of staff, and Lu Jinxian was the chief of staff.All reorganization matters will be researched and handled by Ren Qian, deputy director of the Lanzhou Military Control Commission, in Wudu.

Peng Shaohui said: "Go back and discuss with Deputy Director Ren about the reorganization method and personnel appointment and dismissal of the troops below the division level!" Jiang Yuntai is very satisfied with the result.Whether it is an army or an individual, it is the most ideal destination.He took Peng Shaohui's hand and said gratefully: "Commander Peng, thanks to you for guiding the way in the fog! Otherwise, I don't know where I would have slipped with them!" Peng Shaohui said: "The road of life depends on oneself, and other people's guidance is only one aspect. When people are smart, they are also confused, but when they should be smart, they must not be confused. Take the Northwest as an example. At that time, Ma Jiajun was on stage, so big. With such great power and prestige, how many people followed him blindly, unable to see the historical trend clearly, thinking that they were holding a sweet pastry. When our army first came, many foolish people in the Kuomintang army insisted on being the enemy of the people and went against the trend. They acted as cannon fodder for the Ma family and lost their lives in a ignorant manner. But there are also some people who are not ignorant, recognize the situation clearly, and seize the opportunity, such as Ma Zhenwu in Qingmazhong, Ma Hongbin and his son in Ningmazhong, and Peng Mingding in the executive office, Zeng Zhenwu and these people are more intelligent. Tao Zhiyue, Bao Erhan, and Tao Jinchu in Xinjiang are all smart people. They take the road of peaceful liberation and abandon the dark to the bright. I feel down-to-earth, and speaking in the long term, I will have a good account for my children and grandchildren. If you are in one place, without fighting or shedding blood, the common people will remember your great kindness for generations!"

"Yes! Yes!" Jiang Yuntai said, "I, Jiang, have been in the Jianghu for decades and have been confused for most of my life. I did this right and met a good person!" Peng Shaohui said: "It's just the trend of the times. In all dynasties, being an enemy of the people has never ended well. Who can turn it around? How arrogant was Hu Zongnan? He had hundreds of thousands of troops under him, and his superiors were favored by Chiang Kai-shek. Northwest is the Ministry of National Defense of the Kuomintang. When he went to cough, it was as loud as thunder. But he was confused, especially the last move, and ran to Chengdu with Chiang Kai-shek. What's even more ridiculous is that Chiang Kai-shek still carried out Liu Wenhui, Deng Xihou, Wang Zuanxu, and Wang Lingji from the Sichuan army at this time, and made officials and made wishes, and even held wine and banquets for them. Do you expect these people to be able to keep Sichuan? ? Absolutely not! Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek is also confused."

Jiang Yuntai said from the experience of the people in the situation: "These people have always been positive to Chiang Kai-shek, and they do one thing in front of the other. Chiang Kai-shek went to the doctor in a hurry." Peng Shaohui casually took out a map from the guard's briefcase, pointed to the tactical symbols marked on it, and said: "Now our army's Yang Yong Corps has entered and exited western Sichuan and seized Leshan, Qingshen, Pujiang and other places. This is where Chengdu goes. Where else can Hu Zongnan go on the main passage to Xichang? Besides, my Chenxi Allied Corps has already rushed straight to Jianyang, Qionglai, and Dayi; the Erye Liu and Deng troops successively liberated Guiyang and Zunyi, and came from southern Sichuan; The vanguard of the 18th Army Corps has also crossed the Qinling Mountains and Daba Mountains, and is heading southward at the same time. The north-south attack has already formed..."

What Peng Shaohui said was absolutely true, and it was the first-hand information he had just obtained from the wild secretary. This inevitably gave Jiang Yuntai a deeper understanding of Hu Jun's situation, and felt that Peng Shaohui had "taught him a lesson."Let's look at Hu Zongnan again after a few decades, it is true that this person has not changed his half-hearted disposition from the beginning to the end.However, God is not good at seeing, and in the last ten days when Chiang Kai-shek fled the mainland, he was forced to stuff him under Lao Jiang's nose.During these ten days, he and Chiang Kai-shek were almost inseparable. The two stared at the military map in a daze every day and talked behind closed doors. What happened?Hu San asked to abandon Sichuan but was not allowed by Chiang Kai-shek. The third time he actually got an order from Chiang Kai-shek to "kill himself and become a benevolent".Chiang Kai-shek's "Whampoa good students" are many, and when the critical moment fails to pass the threshold, there are also many people who can do everything well with one stroke, but this Hu Zongnan is planted in the arms of Lao Jiang, and he is unwillingly and reluctantly taken advantage of.

The last days were the richest period of Chiang Kai-shek's life.He witnessed the people who were chatting at the same table a few days ago, leaving him one by one like a revolving lantern.Lu Han in Yunnan, Liu Wenhui, Deng Xihou, and Pan Wenhua in Sichuan and Kangxi announced their uprising almost within a day, and the CCP liberated Yunnan and Xikang without firing a single shot.Hu Zongnan is the only one who can put his spirit on.Jiang hoped that Hu Zongnan would use the death festival to comfort his soul that was about to collapse. He even "fulfilled" Hu by issuing orders to the public. Show off that gorgeous landscape.

It is hard to imagine what kind of feeling Chiang Kai-shek felt in his heart at the moment when he boarded the plane and circled over Chengdu for a long time and could not bear to leave. Chengdu has to be guaranteed if it is not guaranteed!These were Chiang Kai-shek's last words on the mainland. Hu Zongnan watched the plane above his head gradually sinking into the clouds, and the huge vacancy in his heart could not be filled with just one sentence!At this moment, according to He Long's prediction, his hundreds of thousands of troops are withdrawing southward from the Qinling Mountains and Bashan Mountains to fight fires.What will happen next seems to be clear, but also seems to be ignorant.

History moves forward one movement at a time. The early march of the Eighteenth Corps of the People's Liberation Army was almost a leisurely slow pace.It is no longer possible to wipe out the enemy in the Qinling Mountains. Each unit puts engineers at the front, opens roads in the mountains, builds bridges when encountering water, and tries its best to "not overpress the enemy" and "advance the enemy with a combat readiness attitude". The troops have been moving forward for almost a month, and He Long's headquarters is still in Baoji.This made Ma Shitu, a representative of the Sichuan underground party who returned to Sichuan with the army, anxious, and asked He Long: "Boss, when the ants are trampled to death on the soles of your feet, how long will it take to reach Chengdu?"

"Don't worry, I won't miss the New Year in Chengdu!" He Long said with a smile. "The enemy is invincible. Our army can catch up and break Bashan in one go, and go straight to Chengdu!" He Long was still holding his pipe with a smile on his face: "I'm also eager to enter Chengdu tomorrow, but we not only want to take down Sichuan, but more importantly, annihilate the enemy and don't let them slip to the border of Yunnan, so let's go slowly now ..." The urgent drums of war finally sounded on December 5th.Two days ago, Liu and Deng telegraphed He Long: The Second Army and the first part of the Fourth Army had crossed the river, the Tenth Army had arrived at Hejiang, and the Sixteenth Army had reached the south bank of Luzhou.He Long can shake off his big strides and take the medicine!He immediately ordered that the 18th Corps be in the center, the 19th Army in the east, and the Seventh Army in the west, attack across the board, and pursue the fleeing enemy fiercely. Six days later, the frontline command set out from Baoji and advanced along the Sichuan-Shanxi Highway to the Qinling Mountains. God seems to be adding some color on purpose, a heavy snowfall, the Qinling mountainous area above 2000 meters above sea level, the bitter cold wind passes through the deep valleys, cliffs, ancient road post stations, are covered with thick snow and ice. Each soldier carried an average load of 45 kilograms, braved the wind and snow, climbed cliffs and supported walls along the ancient road, and marched in the depths of the uninhabited Qinling Mountains.Sitting in the car, He Long watched the soldiers marching hard on the ancient post road, and was very moved all the way, saying: "The soldiers rely on the 'No. 11' to drill in the mountains, and we walk on the big highway with 'smoke coming from behind our buttocks'. Soldiers are the hardest, and they have contributed the most!" He Long walked all the way, stopped for a while, got out of the car and ran to the soldiers, chatted a few words, and shouted a few times: "Comrades, come on, close the door and beat the dog. It's up to you to go fast!" Because the marching speed was relaxed, the troops ran faster and faster, and the average schedule was more than a hundred miles.Subsequently, non-combat attrition also increased.The road to Shu is inherently difficult, and with the slippery ice and snow roads, it is even more impossible to walk. If one step is not steady, he will rush out for a distance of ten feet, and people and vehicles will fall off the cliff from time to time. He Long stomps his feet in anxiety, Called the head of the training section and shouted: "You have to check the car snow chains for me every day, and report the situation to me. Don't be sloppy. The parents of the soldiers handed over their babies to us to let them beat Chiang Kai-shek. , Hu Zongnan, died before the battle was over, we will not be able to explain to their parents in the future!" On December 14, the Eighteenth Corps occupied Guangyuan, the first county after entering Sichuan.Within three days, he occupied Jianmen Guguan again, opening the gateway to Chengdu across Bashan.Then, after passing Jiange, you can get Jiangyou, Zitong, and Chengdu is far away. On this day, He Long, Wang Weizhou, Zhang Jingwu and Zhou Shidi climbed Zitong Qiqu Mountain, looking at the direction of Chengdu, excited. He Long said: "There is still one week before New Year's Day in 1950. Whether it is resolved by force or peacefully, we can go to Chengdu to celebrate the New Year!" While speaking, the combat staff officer of the headquarters reported: "Pei Chang will send a division chief to discuss the uprising." "Okay, just make peace." He Long nodded and asked, "Where is Pei Changhui?" "In Deyang, 100 kilometers away from here." He Long thought for a while: "How about I go with Jing Quan and Wei Zhou to meet him for a while?" Zhou Shidi said: "It's good to do this. Through Pei Changhui, you can learn a lot about the situation, and you can also do the work of other people, such as Hu Zongnan. Maybe the Chengdu issue will be simplified..." As early as during the Anti-Japanese War, He Long and Pei Changhui once had acquaintances in Luoyang, Henan.At that time, Pei was imposing, refined and elegant, and his conversation was not bad.It has been almost ten years in a flash, and the vicissitudes of personnel and affairs have changed so much that it is impossible to predict.I didn't expect to see you here again today!Boss He's mood along the way was inevitably a little excited. He Long and others came to a villa in the northeast of Deyang County Office.After a while, Pei Changhui came over, and He Long hurriedly walked down the steps to greet him and shake hands, saying, "Old friend, it's a great honor to meet again here!" Then he introduced Li Jingquan and Wang Weizhou one by one. Everyone was seated in a prepared parlor.Pei Changhui kept his head down, with a look of shame on his face. He Long said frankly: "Let's be clear first. Killing people on the battlefield is not a blood debt. It's a war... Tell us about the army. What's going on with Hu Zongnan?" Pei Changhui said: "After Jiang, Jiang, and Chiang Kai-shek left, Hu Zongnan was under great pressure. He only took a few cronies to take the opportunity to escape, and his whereabouts were unknown. He didn't say hello to anyone. His attempt was to withdraw the troops to Xichang and then to Yunnan. The border, then retreated to Burma, and turned to Taiwan by sea. But before he left in a hurry, he did not issue an order for the next step of the troops." He Long laughed loudly: "What a Hu Zongnan, everyone else is here, but he himself is a deserter... Old Pei, you are on both sides of the Sichuan-Shaanxi Highway, and there are so many troops, are you sure about them?" Pei Changhui thought for a while: "It's hard to say with absolute certainty. However, at present, the soldiers have no fighting spirit, and the official spirit is not high. I don't think there will be any changes." "Okay, just don't make any trouble," He Long said, "My main force will arrive in Deyang tomorrow, and I have to go back to deal with some things. I will come again when the follow-up troops arrive. You are ready, we will go to Chengdu before New Year's Day, There is also a city entrance ceremony, so you can come with me!" What He Long said was so frank and appropriate that Pei Chang would meditate on his "wearing the body of sin" and didn't know how to answer.He got up and held He Long's hand and shook deeply.What kind of hands are these, Pei Chang would think, they have never met his hands before, but they hit it off right away; one is a victor, the other is a defeated general.What qualifications do I have to enjoy this spring-like talk and laughter? The uprising became an inevitable emotion, which spread from Pei Changhui.Next came Dong Songheng, deputy director of the Sichuan-Shaanxi-Hubei Border Appeasement Office of the Kuomintang, Zeng Suyuan, deputy commander of the 16th Corps, Luo Guangwen, commander of the 15th Corps, Chen Kefei, commander of the 20th Corps...Li Wen, commander of the Fifth Corps, also raised his hand later Surrendered.Finally on December 27th Li Zhen, Commander of the Eighteenth Corps, declared an uprising east of Chengdu. Where did Hu Zongnan go?It was later confirmed that he had gone to Haikou.After being reprimanded for "leaving the army without authorization", he was ordered by Chiang Kai-shek to fly back to Xichang to "make a crime and make meritorious service".Undoubtedly, he also could not escape the fate of failure in Xichang, and finally got lucky enough to fly to the platform. He Long finally came to Chengdu for the Chinese New Year! 300,000 Chengdu people lined the streets to welcome the 18th Corps of the People's Liberation Army into the city. On January 1, 1950, Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping thanked each strategic area for their support, saying: "One of the main reasons why the Southwest Campaign was able to be completed so quickly, especially the main force of the Southwest enemy, Hu Zongnan, was wiped out so quickly. It is the speed at which the 18th Army Corps advanced under the leadership of Comrade He Long." This is an incomparable New Years gift. On the New Year's Day in 1950, it was reasonable for the whole country to have a carnival. On New Year's Day, it was a sunny day.Just after zero o'clock, Xinhua News Agency was busy releasing news to the world: Chengdu was declared liberated, and the main force of bandits in mainland China was wiped out.For such a festival, the majority of ordinary people really don't know how to express their inner happiness! Due to the urgency of time, the celebration in Chengdu seemed a bit rushed.However, Chongqing's festivals are different. They are calm and hearty. There are as many as 100,000 parades, which turn the mountain city upside down.The three towns of Wuhan were not to be outdone, and there were huge crowds of people in parades and rallies.Needless to say, the capital Beijing, the grand occasion of the founding ceremony is still fresh in people's memory, and in the blink of an eye, another new year will come!In just three months, the people of this imperial city seem to have traveled far, far away in another dreamlike era. Countless fresh feelings and beautiful longings have made them accustomed to holding a lot of The flowers involuntarily rushed to Tiananmen Square... At this time, Mao Zedong, the head of New China, was not in Beijing.He went to Moscow a few years ago to discuss with Stalin the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance, the Soviet Union's loans to China, and the trade agreement between the two countries.And Peng Dehuai, the chairman of the Northwest Military and Political Committee, has spent most of his years in Beijing.He came to Beijing on December 28 accompanied by Jatov.At the central meeting that night, he reported on the situation in Xinjiang and the problems he was facing, and suggested that on the basis of self-reliance, he should actively seek the support of the Soviet Union for the development and construction of Xinjiang. Then, according to the opinions of the person in charge of the central government, he wrote a report himself and asked the central government to forward it. To Mao Zedong who is visiting the Soviet Union. In the past two days, Peng Dehuai has been deliberating word by word for a "Report on the Work Situation in Northwest China". On January 7th, the fifth meeting of the Central People's Government Committee will consider this report.Therefore, he had to work overtime, almost all night. When the hour hand pointed to zero, the lights in Peng Dehuai's room were still on.The guard tiptoed in with a plate of snacks and gently placed it in front of the boss. "What are you doing, haven't you just had dinner?" Peng Dehuai asked puzzled. The little soldier saluted respectfully: "Boss, it is the new year of 1950, I wish you a happy new year!" Peng Dehuai was surprised: "Oh! Chinese New Year?" He hurriedly put down the documents in his hand, and took the little soldier's hand: "I also congratulate you." After all, this is the first New Year's Day in New China!Peng Dehuai began to pace up and down under the lamp with his heart agitated. Longnan Wudu has been peacefully liberated. Hu Zongnan has occupied Hanzhong for more than half a year. He has also established a military sub-division, and the governments of the counties under his jurisdiction have also been established one after another. The vast Northwest will do its best to heal the wounds of war and devote itself to peaceful construction.In the report on the work of the Northwest region to be delivered at the conference, Peng Dehuai emphasized three sentences: First, in half a year, the numerically superior enemy was completely wiped out, marched nearly ten thousand miles, and all five provinces in the Northwest were liberated. More than 60,000 troops have been reorganized into the People's Liberation Army.Most of the people's governments at all levels have been established, and most counties and cities have held people's congresses from all walks of life; the second sentence is that the northwest has a vast land and rich reserves. It is one of the industrial bases for building a new China and can be built into a solid national defense base. Thirdly, as a multi-ethnic region, the Northwest has complex conditions, transportation, economy and culture are backward, so it is necessary to adhere to the common program and the policy of equality for all ethnic groups, and gradually implement various social Reform and unite all ethnic groups to build the Great Northwest. In Peng Dehuai's heart, he often passed the Bashan Qinling Mountains, the Tianshan Qilian Mountains, the rivers and meanders, and the boundless Gobi... Yes, in comparison, the biggest problem and the most potential for development are Xinjiang.In his report to Mao Zedong, he asked Mao Zedong to ask the Soviet Union to help solve the clothing, equipment, and means of transportation for Xinjiang troops in the coming year, and to allow formal trade with the Soviet Union, to exchange local products for necessities, to implement local economic cooperation between Xinjiang and the Soviet Union, and to form a joint oil company. The company, combined rare metal and non-ferrous metal companies, even requested the extension and extension of the civil aviation agreements of Almaty, Dihua, and Hami to Lanzhou, Xi'an, and Beijing. The east was turning white, and Peng Dehuai decided to send a telegram to Dihua to congratulate Xinjiang Provincial Chairman Bao Erhan and others on the New Year. For Xinjiang, this New Year's Day is also a festival of regeneration.People of all ethnic groups in Dihua, the provincial capital, are also enjoying an unprecedented carnival. At 8 o'clock in the morning, Yangko teams from various factories, troops, and schools were dispatched one after another, and the sound of gongs and drums shook every corner.The Yangko team is the most active. They first took the "task" to represent the unit to visit the New Year everywhere, twisting and singing. The dance steps came from the old liberated areas, which were cheerful and solemn; It is realistic, and the tune has a touch of Xinjiang flavor.New terms such as "good health", "new year's progress", "intensifying production" and "working hard to build" were all sung in the song, full of joy. At 11 o'clock, Yangko teams from all corners of the city gathered in the city, and each team passed through the streets where the sea of ​​flags and the sea of ​​people merged together.The first to appear was the Yangko Team of the Sixth Army Art Troupe, followed by the United Yangko Team of the No. 1 Girls Middle School.Then, the stilt team of the Fourth and Ninth Regiment came, and the "Whip King Whip" of the Communication Battalion also came, and the dry boats and carts of the 50th Regiment, as well as the First Cultural Worker Regiment, the Clothes Factory, the First Women's Division, the Guard Company, and the Celestial Master More than 30 Yangko teams, including the Cannon Workers Group, Zhanwu Group, etc., staggered into the central square of the small town.All kinds of supernatural powers, colorful, gongs and drums sounded together, hundreds of music competed, everyone twisted and sang, Yangko opera, allegro, and dry boat, all showed their demeanor, and the cheers of the crowd resounded through Tianshan Mountain! Chairman Borhan was immersed in this ocean of joy.The Xinjiang branch of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Xinjiang Provincial People's Government and the Xinjiang Military Region of the Chinese People's Liberation Army will not hold a group meeting until 5 pm.Throughout the day, Borhan surrendered himself to the swell-like crowd.He is the son of the people of Xinjiang, and his heart beats with thousands of hearts in this land; he is also a witness of the most turbulent and suffering era in Xinjiang, and he understands how many people paid the price for the happiness in front of him just got it.He gently held this piece of cloud with a hot heart, knowing how precious it is! The gathering will be held in the West Building.More than 500 people from party, government, military and civilian organizations, schools, and troops stationed in Didi attended the group worship ceremony.When Bao Erhan stepped into the solemn and simple venue, Wang Zhen, Tao Zhiyue, Xu Liqing, Gao Jinchun, Sai Fuding, Deng Liqun and others were already sitting on the rostrum.Everyone applauded Bao Erhan, the applause was so loud and passionate that Bao Erhan's steps were a little drunk. Bao Erhan finally stepped onto the rostrum, shook hands with everyone, and announced the start of the gathering.The first item is to stand up and pay tribute to Mao Zedong and Zhu De.This was followed by Chairman Borhan's speech.He talked about implementing the common program of the CPPCC, strengthening sincere friendship among all ethnic groups, and eradicating rumormongers and instigators; he talked about military-civilian unity for construction and large-scale production; he talked about eradicating corruption, gambling, opium, and marijuana; , the words were sonorous and brilliant, and the applause overwhelmed him time and time again. When an era crashes into your life overnight with an aura of ideals, the intoxication is irresistible to anyone. By the time the gathering ended, it was already dark.Bao Erhan still couldn't calm down.He and the leading comrades wandered into the singing and dancing crowd again.At this time, the celebration reached its peak. Uyghur singers played the dombra, and the girls’ pigtails were floating like spring rain. Their colorful skirts reflected the stars and the crescent moon in the sky, making the ancient city of Dihua full of color. Years of Acacia.The leading comrades held hands with the audience and formed a huge circle, singing and dancing... Bao Erhan shed tears.He repeated silently in his heart over and over again: Almighty Allah, you are finally blessed! Borhan's birthplace was not in Xinjiang, but in a remote mountain village called "Aksu" in Tesh County, Kazan Province, Russia.It was named by dozens of Chinese families who left their hometowns after the big river in their hometown in memory of their distant homeland.Their ancestors had lived and multiplied for generations on the banks of the Aksu River at the foot of the Tianshan Mountains. Because they resisted the exploitation and oppression of Bayi (rich and rich people), they were suppressed by the Qing army. More than 20 households in the village were led by Grandpa Baoerhan. , collectively fled to Russia, and was later sent by the Russian government to this small village inhabited by many Tatars for logging. Therefore, this place became the "Forest Aksu". From the moment he was born, Bao Erhan shouldered the dream of his parents to return home.He studied for returning home.At that time, there were eight people in the family, including grandparents, three sisters, and the little Bolhan. They all depended on their father Shahdra and mother Halima to cultivate the little land they had. How could they have enough money for Bolhan to go to school? ?Grandfather Guo Baidula would not be reconciled to anything.The old man who had been a tracker on the Volga River all his life bent his back and pulled his little grandson up to the roof of the earthen house, pointed to the distance and said to his grandson: "Our hometown is in China, where there is a big river called the Aksu River. What about the real Aksu! You must study and learn culture, and one day return to our motherland, our real Aksu..." Finally, my grandfather brought Bao Erhan to his uncle who was a village teacher, and he studied and read Arabic while burning a tea stove. In autumn, something unfortunate happened.Grandfather collapsed during a church service and never woke up again. Father Shahdra said: "Forget it, go home and work, no need to study." "No! The child is so young, and he is so smart..." Mother Harima said. Borhan has tasted the sweetness of reading.He dreams of going to Kazan to read more books.There was his uncle in the flour business who could turn to, so Bao Erhan begged his mother to grant his wish.The poor mother was extremely contradictory. How much she hoped that her son would be successful in studying, but she was also worried about her son leaving home at a young age.Harima, a tough and kind Tatar woman, took advantage of her husband's absence and sent away her beloved son "like tears". Relying on his uncle's support, Bao Erhan entered a "Muhammadya" school founded by the great imam, and later left the school because his uncle's business was not good, and became an apprentice in a bookstore.Unexpectedly, this turned out to be an opportunity for him to return to his motherland in the future.It was 1911, and he helped the bookstore manager to hold a fair in Gorky's hometown.There, I met a boss who has a business in Xinjiang, China.Later, Bao Erhan became the boss's assistant and was able to return to Xinjiang and settle in Dihua. Grandfather Guo Baidula's wish finally came true.From then on, Bao Erhan began to live and die with this ancient city, enduring the vicissitudes of life.Only then did he understand why this land of disasters and disasters attracted his grandfather to pray for him all his life... Since General Yili ruled Xinjiang, this place known as the "Western Region" has never been peaceful.It was the twenty-seventh year of Qianlong, just the seventh year after the Qing army defeated the Junggar tribe and ended the hundreds of years of Mongolian rule over the Tianshan Mountains. The army settled down in Xinjiang. Since ancient times, Xinjiang has been a free world where many ethnic groups live together.A quarter of the 56 ethnic groups in the big family of the Chinese nation can be found here.Bearing the brunt is of course the Uyghurs, the main body of Xinjiang, with a population of more than 7 million, accounting for 50% of the total population of Xinjiang.The second is the Han nationality, with a population of more than 5 million.The others are Kazakh, Hui, Mongolian, Kirgiz, Dongxiang, Xibe, Tajik, Uzbek, Tatar, Russian, Daur and Manchu.They have their own cultural origins, both guarding and blending.And Xinjiang is located at the border. As the saying goes, the sky is high and the emperor is far away. It borders with neighboring countries. Border trade and intermarriage have never been interrupted. Foreign military invasions are common. Armed conflicts of various types and natures seem to be commonplace. General Yili set his military rule from a national perspective.He took great pains to implement different ruling systems for different ethnic groups: In the Mongolian, Kazak and other nomadic tribes north of the Tianshan Mountains, as well as in Hami, Turpan and other places, the Zhasak system was implemented, and the leaders of the local ethnic groups and tribes were conferred as princes and counties. Wang, Baylor, Beizi, Gong and Taiji, etc., are equivalent to the noble titles of the Qing Dynasty, allowing them to manage their own ethnic groups and tribes; The system of prefectures and counties prevailing in the interior is implemented, and officials such as magistrates, prefectures, counties, county magistrates, and inspectors are dispatched; while most of the Uighur areas in southern Xinjiang continue the original Burke system.The difference is that the Burke hereditary system has been cancelled, and different ranks have been awarded to Burkes of different status.Regardless of the king, duke or Burke, and no matter how high the rank is, they must obey the restraint of general Yili, counselors, ministers of affairs and other military chiefs in military and administrative terms. General Yili was very proud of these masterpieces of his own, and played to the court many times thinking that he had found a strategy for long-term stability.Unexpectedly, soon there was a rebellion between Zhang Geer and Qihe Zhuo, and after that, another officer of the Kokand Khanate named Aguba came in, pretending to be a descendant of Mongolian Timur Khan, and massacred. In the two cities of Yeerqiang, 40,000 Han and Manchu people were killed, causing blood to flow into rivers and wailing everywhere in the territory. Aguba's rule has dragged Xinjiang into a bottomless abyss.He himself is an officer of an enemy country, and he has no love for the people and compassion for the people. For a while, he declared Britain and Turkey as suzerains, and then bowed his head to the two small neighboring countries of Kokand and Bukhara Khan, and even cede land and sell slaves. The exchanging of arms by Russia caused chaos in the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains. It was not until April 1876 when Zuo Zongtang led 60,000 Qing troops into Xinjiang that it came to an end. The decline of the Manchu Dynasty also caused the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang to be bullied. Tsarist Russia’s territorial ambitions for China’s Xinjiang started in the 18th century. In the 1850s, they crossed the Yili River and invaded the Outer Yili area southward. Yaer City, the former site of the tower city in the middle, established a so-called "Urzhar Village".Two years later, Tsarist Russia reached out to Gurban Alimatu on the bank of the Almaty River at the foot of the Alatau Mountains, and changed the name of the place to "Verne".From then on, they took this "Virney" as their base camp and went deep into the territory step by step. By 1857, they occupied almost the entire area along the Chu River and the valley basin of Lake Issyk-Kul.Finally, it arrived at the upper reaches of the Chu River west of Lake Issyk-Kul. After Tsarist Russia snatched a large area of ​​land, a trilogy followed: one was armed immigration; the other was to establish post stations, one every 20 or 25 miles, and stationed a sufficient number of Cossack cavalry; the third was to take advantage of the failure of China’s second Opium War This opportunity forced the Qing government to sign the "Sino-Russian Treaty of Beijing" that humiliated the country.The first article of the treaty allocated 400,000 square kilometers of land east of the Ussuri River to Tsarist Russia; the second article clearly stated that "the western border is still at the undecided junction...".The gap left by this sentence is endless.Sure enough, three years later, the so-called "Sino-Russian Survey and Division of the Northwest Boundary" wrote off 440,000 square kilometers of land in Northwest China.The subsequent "Sino-Russian Ili Treaty" and "Sino-Russian Continuation of Kashgar Boundary Treaty", etc., became purely naked robber documents.By 1895, Tsarist Russia and Britain exchanged documents with the Qing government behind their backs in an attempt to privately divide the Pamir region! When the Revolution of 1911 broke out in 1911, Tsarist Russia seized the opportunity to break into the Tannu Wulianghai in Xinjiang, digging away 170,000 square kilometers.At the same time, they also raised up a prince and living Buddha in Outer Mongolia to promote "independence", and made a big fuss about the Altay region, setting up a "minister of affairs".Britain is also unwilling to be alone, secretly planning the so-called "East Turkestan Republic" in Kashgar in southern Xinjiang.The conspiracy finally "succeeded" by the end of 1933, but it was declared dead after only 3 months of preservation. At this time, the local provincial army in Xinjiang and Ma Zhongying's troops from Gansu were in a scuffle. The spark of the Revolution of 1911 was brought to this remote frontier by Xinjiang revolutionaries Liu Xianjun and Yang Yanxu at the end of 1911.At that time, the revolutionaries successively launched uprisings in Dihua and Yili. As a result, the Dihua uprising was suppressed by the Qing army, but Yili succeeded, and the Qing army general Zhirui in Yili was executed.For a while, there was a confrontation between the old and the new in Xinjiang, with the Ili Provisional Republic of China government on one side and the Xinjiang provincial authorities of the Qing court on the other. In February 1912, the Qing emperor announced his abdication; in March, Yuan Dahua, the governor of Xinjiang, followed the order and recognized the republic.Since then, Xinjiang has entered the period of the Republic of China. The big braid Yuan Dahua left Xinjiang very quickly, and another old bureaucrat in Xinjiang stood out and became the first governor of Xinjiang.He is Yang Zengxin. Yang Zengxin's "brilliant trick" in governing Xinjiang is to implement a policy of obscuring the people, trying to make the people of Xinjiang "grow up like ancient people".Therefore, he neither runs a school nor prohibits all domestic and foreign books, newspapers and magazines from entering Xinjiang.In order to achieve this, they even publicly dismantled and inspected the mail, and practiced the so-called "self-defense, protecting the environment and the people", never being influenced by the Central Plains society, thinking that this would maintain stability and not be invaded by foreign enemies. The policy of obscuring the people is always connected with the umbilical cord of the dictatorship.Yang Zengxin's autocracy in Xinjiang has also reached its peak.He was afraid of the military's dictatorship, so he implemented a policy of "weak soldiers" and kept some old-fashioned soldiers. Under normal circumstances, there is no training or expansion of the army, and all important tasks are left to those civilian officials who are powerless.On the issue of ethnicity, his method is to "control barbarians with barbarians", "use natives to contain vagrants, "Uyghurs" to contain Han people, that is, to use Han people to contain "Uyghurs", and even more so to use people from this inland province to contain people from another inland province. Look forward and don't dare to act lightly." In the era of Yang Zengxin, Xinjiang was stable, and the economy even developed a little in the past 16 years.However, he created a whole generation of mindless people, and the territory was lifeless and devoid of vitality, which was very inconsistent with the style of this land. Therefore, it is not surprising that Yang Zengxin died under the gun of his subordinate Fan Yaonan in the end. Fan Yaonan has been with Yang Zengxin for many years, and he usually talks all kinds of good things to Yang, from soft knife to hard knife, thinking that killing Yang Zengxin will do something.没想到黄雀在后，自己的背后又挨了别人一刀。此人叫金树仁，靠刺杀樊耀南就任新疆省主席和军队总司令。 金树仁上台后的套路，跟杨增新恰恰相反。他到处招兵买马，大肆扩军备战，军费在1927年还是900万元，1928年便猛增到2100万元，到了1933年已达到3800万元！银子掏干了，就拼命印纸币。一时票子满天跑风，老百姓生活没有保障。在用人问题上又大搞任人唯亲，弄得官僚阶层百分之百不满，社会疙瘩越结越深，终于在1931年爆发了哈密的维吾尔族起义。 这场动乱成全了一个叫尧乐博斯的人。此人野心勃勃，心术又不大正。为了争权夺利，他跑到甘肃请来一尊瘟神——马仲英。马当时备受日本人的青睐，军队很富实，有枪有钱有子弹，一股劲儿正憋着没处使呢！一到新疆，天地广阔，战争立刻升级，很快波及全疆，使得金树仁手下那些摩拳擦掌的大小军事头目，个个有了粉墨登场的机会。这就更加给马仲英创造了用武之地，他左冲右突，纵横全疆，浑身都是戏。 地震闹大了，金树仁控制不住局面。1933年4月，被他亲手喂大的那些军事头领们，把他赶下了台。新主席刘文龙应运而生。而此时，另一位名不见经传的边防督办，早已“督”而不“办”，却在暗中虎视眈眈！ 这个人就是后来在新疆舞台显赫一时、把新疆变成了活地狱的盛世才。 盛世才很快就把公众推举的刘文龙囚禁起来了，不待推举，自任省主席。作出一副挽狂澜于既倒的姿态。 当时新疆局面的确有点棘手，省军只有6000人，而那个风调雨顺的马仲英和地方军阀张培元，军队多达2万！省会迪化（乌鲁木齐）已在重围之中。盛世才想来想去，只有投靠“老毛子”（苏联）。 苏联正值斯大林时代，满天高喊政治口号，把国际共运顶在头上，急于领导世界新潮流。这个空子让盛世才钻上了。他本是个毫无信仰的人，出身于辽宁一个贫寒之家，早年在东北军郭松龄手下当一名马前卒，后托福主子到日本陆军学校学了几年，摇身一变，抖起来了。他才不相信这个世界有什么救世主呢！从底层挣扎出来的人，人世浮华没有看不明白的。 但是，这一次，盛世才要信仰马列主义。 1933年9月的某个夜晚，盛世才的外交署长陈德立悄悄来到苏联领事馆，站在苏联总领事孜拉肯面前，鼓动三寸不烂之舌。他的使命就是要让孜拉肯坚信：“盛世才主席是一个虔诚的共产主义信徒。” 陈德立的嘴皮一向被认为是无坚不摧的火箭炮，孜拉肯没有招架之势。他终于答应第二天带着副领事以及所有译员接受盛世才的晚宴。 这顿饭盛世才是倾家荡产来办的，吃得孜拉肯一行眉开眼笑。饭后，盛世才领着客人来到他的书房。领事和译员们惊奇地发现，盛的书柜里竟然摆满了《资本论》《共产党宣言》《国家与革命》和《列宁主义问题》等这样一些书籍。 盛世才表现出知音相逢的样子，谦恭地告诉客人，说早在学生时代他就是个热烈的社会主义分子，经常废寝忘食地研读马列。他宣称，中国如没有共产党的领导，是不会有前途的。因此，他希望与苏联“同志”合作，在新疆建立苏维埃政权。他还将提出“民族平等，信教自由”等“八项宣言”和“亲苏、民主、反帝、清廉”等“六大政策”。甚至还考虑把新疆划到苏联的版图上，作为苏联一个自治区或加盟共和国…… 如此动听的歌声，孜拉肯哪有不醉之理？ 很快，第一块糖扔过来了。马仲英围城正酣时，忽见背后数千名白俄“规划军”铺天盖地而来。这支“规划军”是由十月革命后逃到新疆的白俄官兵组成的，当时金树仁征调时，充其量也只有400来人，怎么会有这么大的规模？ 马仲英悟出其中的奥妙时，已经晚了。12月底，苏联公开出兵，一个硬邦邦的骑兵旅从霍尔果斯入疆，一举夺取伊宁，杀向马仲英。马的盟军张培元打成了光杆司令，以自杀而告终，马自己则被迫从北疆逃到南疆，惶惶然如丧家之犬。最后也只好跑到莫斯科去投靠斯大林。 这时候，盛世才的“革命”形象早就深入人心了。一批又一批共产党纷至沓来，好像新疆真的成了共产主义乐园。 盛世才的“马列生涯”到1939年开始串味。这一年，国际法西斯势力嚣张，德国攻占波兰，共产党国家的日子都有点受威胁。盛世才观风察云，口袋里的魔术在悄悄地变换花样。 不知不觉中，莫须有的“阴谋暴动案”多起来了。每次都有一大批共产党人被逮捕，而同时，也会有些封建王公和富翁（巴依）被捕。后面这些人终了多半七拐八弯地获释，而共产党人则一一处决。被处决的共产党人竟都是“托派”“反革命”这样一些罪名。处决之后又将有一批新的共产党人继续起用。所以，盛世才的庐山真面目迟迟难见天日。他抓共产党人是真正的政治目的，而抓王公贵族只是经济目的，如同土匪绑票。精妙的是，他的经济目的与政治目的正好互相掩盖而又相得益彰。可见盛世才是个何等刁钻险恶之徒。 盛世才的监狱大门既已打开，新疆的共产党人和追求革命的进步青年，便在劫难逃。短短几年时间，被盛世才关押或杀害的有近10万人之多！ 日久见人心，斯大林也不是那么容易糊弄的。 很快，便对盛世才警惕起来。 于是，瞒天过海的花招又被盛世才用来对付国民党。 1944年8月11日，盛突然抓了一大批国民党员下大狱。同时打电报告诉蒋介石，说这些人都是共产党的间谍，要求蒋另派一批国民党员接替他们的工作。 可笑的是，盛世才转脸又给斯大林发了一份电报，表示“痛改前非”“悔过自新”。斯大林看完这份电报，什么也没说，转手把他交给了蒋介石。 盛世才的监狱究竟关过多少人、关过一些什么人，一言难尽。反正，包尔汉是其中之一。 包尔汉是1938年春被抓进监狱的。罪名是：“帝国主义走狗”“里通外国”“依靠德国和日本的势力在新疆搞独立的回教国家”。天，哪一条都恐怖得吓人！ 更让人感到可怕的是，这些罪名完全子虚乌有。包尔汉本来对政治没有太大的兴趣，这一来，反倒燃起他内心的很多激愤。在同情者的帮助下，他在黑牢里靠点着蜡烛写下了维文诗《崇高的敬意献给毛泽东》，并开始编写《维汉俄词典》，用维文翻译汉文版孙中山的《三民主义》。 这个漫长而又短促的暗无天日岁月，外面的世界究竟发生了多少惊天动地的事，包尔汉一无所知，他只是静静地表述着内心的意愿，并不知道这个意愿正在被另一些革命者用枪和子弹变为现实。 1944年8月，北疆尼勒县（时称巩哈县）牧区，响起一片清脆的枪声，著名的伊犁、塔城、阿尔泰“三区革命”爆发了！起义队伍如同爆米花一样转眼间扩大到数千人，不到三个月，便攻入伊宁，宣布成立临时政府。到1945年1月，伊宁一地的国民党势力被彻底肃清。 此时，盛世才已被蒋介石调离新疆，任命为没有太多实权的农林部长去了。接替盛世才的是吴忠信。吴受蒋介石委派，有些受宠若惊的意思，一上台便大砍“三板斧”。所谓“清理监狱、宣抚地方、敦睦邦交”，很像是从大乱走向大治。没想到一个“三区革命”把他“革”了个垂头丧气。 这是个非常复杂的局面。“临时政府”成立不久，宣布与国民党决裂的同时，居然又自称为“东土耳其斯坦人民共和国临时政府”。这名字很自然地让人联想起前些年英国人在南疆帕米尔高原搞的那个把戏。那么，此次的国外势力又是谁呢？苏联脱不了干系。 诚然，这次哈萨克、维吾尔等族人民举行的大规模起义，之所以能获得成功，苏联政府和军队的有力支援，是不可否认的。但是，这个“临时政府”是不是一定要以“独立”出中华民族大家庭的姿态，称什么“共和国”，斯大林需要三思。 “东土耳其斯坦”的叫法由来已久。早在19世纪世界列强云集中亚地区搞殖民主义侵略活动时，这个强盗似的口风就已盛行。他们企图以泽拉夫善河为分界，称“东、西土耳其斯坦”，眼下“临时政府”又弹起这么一个调子，赤裸裸地暴露了少数领导人的野心，不能不让许多有识之士感到担忧。 这种担忧很快消失了。其原因从内部来说，不久后“临时政府”的领导人作了改组，以阿合买提江、阿巴索夫和赛福鼎为代表的一批有革命意识和初步接受了共产主义思想的年轻人，进入领导核心；从外部来说，斯大林有了明确的态度。 据包尔汉回忆，有一次苏联驻乌鲁木齐副总领事叶甫塞也夫，把他请到办公室，里面坐着一个神秘而陌生的苏联大胡子。叶甫塞也夫指着包尔汉向他介绍说：“这是乌鲁木齐专员公署的包尔汉专员，有什么话你尽管问吧！” “好，”大胡子礼貌地点头会意，接着问包尔汉，“伊犁革命成立了东土耳其斯坦共和国，你对这个问题是怎样看的？” 包尔汉对此沉思已久，于是毫不犹豫地回答：“我是坚决支持伊犁革命的，但是他们脱离中国，成立独立的国家，我不同意。” 大胡子不置可否，只是微微颔首。 事后，叶甫塞也夫副领事对包尔汉说：“你回答得很好，你的观点是正确的。” 1945年2月，美国、苏联和英国等，在雅尔塔半岛召开了一个秘密会议，主要是为了达成全世界势力范围的划定协议。在这个会上，美国承认了外蒙古脱离中国，苏联代表作出确切的表示：苏方对中国新疆没有领土要求。 关键时刻苏联持这一态度，无疑与中共的存在有密切关系。毛泽东在1945年4月召开的中共“七大”政治报告中，对新疆问题表示了极大的关注。只是那时国共力量悬殊，彼此和战不定，胜负难分，毛泽东也只能在书面上对国民党“从一九四四年直至现在对于新疆少数民族的武力镇压事件”予以严厉的谴责。 与此同时，伊犁临时政府开始了他们惊心动魄的武装力量建设，将分散在各地的一万多名游击队员集中起来，整编出一支正规的军队。这就是后来的中国人民解放军第一野战军第五军。那时，人们按照这支军队丰富而鲜明的民族特征，称之为“民族军”。 “民族军”的气魄是了不起的，当即制定了三路进军计划，从1945年5月誓师出发，向驻疆的国民党军展开声势浩大的军事进攻。 这支队伍一出手就显示了强劲的势头。老百姓的人心向背不言而喻，没有人帮国民党军。许多群众拿起武器跟“民族军”部队一块儿四面合击，打着打着就跟着部队走了，因而各路人马都像滚雪球一样，一天一个数字。 北路席卷而上，6月份就打下了额敏，7月份又直捣塔城，到9月份，就把阿尔泰也拿下来了，伊宁、塔城、阿尔泰三区便连成一片。 中路军干得更漂亮。9月份，他们攻到乌苏、精河，又有飞机又有大炮，还有大批的燃烧弹，部队越战越勇，最后连晚上都不宿营，昼夜进攻，马不停蹄。 国民党军给打惨了！几乎到了望风披靡的地步，成团成营地散伙，四散奔逃，一败涂地。“民族军”乘胜前进，一鼓作气往下追，直追到玛纳斯河西岸，看见乌鲁木齐的红山顶时，才停下来喘口气。 吴忠信在乌鲁木齐慌了神，急令守城部队把玛纳斯河大桥炸掉。这也不能踏实，党部和政府的官员们，还像捣翻了巢的鸟一样，个个都抱着脑袋逃命。 不知出于什么考虑，“民族军”的中路军屯兵玛纳斯河畔，没有再向乌鲁木齐进军。 另一路南下的“民族军”队伍一口气冲进天山的崇山峻岭。他们越过达坂，两次包围阿克苏，又两度占拜城和温宿，把天山南麓的水搅和了！ “民族军”如此这般几个回合一打，全疆激起千重巨浪，到处是干柴烈火，熊熊燃烧。其中甘新公路的新疆境内沿线一带，游击队最为活跃，一个劲地向吐鲁番、鄯善和托克逊等一些国民党军事补给线进袭，吓得吴忠信觉都不敢睡。 在北疆打得最为热闹的8月，南疆蒲城（塔什库尔干）的塔吉克、柯尔克孜族一支200多人的起义队伍也引爆了！他们就近攻城夺地，向塔什库尔干、塔合尔满、苏巴什和布伦口等一些国民党据点展开进攻，几乎占领蒲犁全境，并也同样成立了一个叫作“蒲犁专员公署”的革命政府。然后，又一股猛劲，占领了英吉沙、阿克陶，最终打到喀什、疏勒、叶城、泽普，队伍一两个月内扩充到2000多人！ 这就是1945年新疆的真实面目。局面已到如此严重的地步，吴忠信却讳莫如深，每天仍在那里高唱“宣抚地方”的赞歌。 “宣抚地方”“宣”出一个天下大乱，是对吴忠信绝妙的讽刺。他不得不同时弹奏两把冬不拉，一把挂在嘴上，利用《新疆日报》猛吹“宣抚”的功德；另一把藏在心里，暗暗扩展军事实力，为对付“民族军”磨刀霍霍。这就是过去内地许多地方行之有效的“剿抚兼施”政策。 为了一个“剿”字，吴忠信低三下四地向关内马家军求援。马家军当然不买他吴忠信的账，最后由蒋介石出来说话，才肯由青马贡献出一个马呈祥的骑一师（骑五军）；为了一个“抚”字，吴忠信只得把全部精力投放到苏联领事馆了！他执意更换了外交特派员吴泽湘，仅仅是因为吴留学美国而不是苏联。新调来的刘泽荣则是前驻苏大使馆的参赞，不但精通俄语，还有一大批俄国朋友。无疑，此人对吴忠信的“敦睦邦交”更为有利。 吴忠信的“敦睦邦交”实际上就是“敦睦”苏联。因为“三区革命”这个结，只有苏联人才能解得开。这里面的利害关系，吴忠信一清二楚。可以说，吴忠信是把手搭在苏联领事们的肩膀上，才度过了1945年那个四面楚歌的踉跄岁月。 到1946年1月以后，吴忠信简直度日如年了。三区“民族军”屯兵玛纳斯，与乌鲁木齐相峙不足百里，国民党军节节败退，那个从青马手中厚着脸皮讨来的马呈祥骑五军（骑一师），也没有从根本上扭转战局。吴忠信唉声叹气地对第八战区司令长官朱绍良说：“怎么办呀，总不能眼睁睁地看着新疆丢在你我的手中啊！” 朱绍良说：“要兵没兵，要饷又没饷。你是省主席，还来问我怎么办！” 于是两人联名给重庆发报，一封接一封向蒋介石请兵请饷。 其时，正是国共和谈波诡云谲之际，蒋介石一门心思用在对付共产党方面，既无精力、亦无物力管到大老远的新疆，吴忠信和朱绍良的电报连连石沉大海，没有消息。 朔风呼啸，寒彻心骨，绝望中的朱绍良，肝肠寸断，最后一份电报他愤然写道：“事态严重，前途不测，唯有一死殉职。”吴忠信也对请兵请饷不抱希望了，只好改个口气，疾呼老蒋速派大员赶来，与“民族军”谋求和平谈判。 蒋介石之所以对新疆的事不急不忙，是因为他心里始终有一张底牌。这张底牌就是雅尔塔会议上苏联代表的那个表态。更何况1945年8月14日，又在莫斯科签订了《中苏友好同盟条约》。在此条约中，中国国民党政府承认了外蒙古的独立，而苏联也重申“无干涉中国内政之意”。蒋介石想，你就是乱翻了天也是内乱。既是“内乱”，按照中国的传统惯例，还不就是撤换军政长官的问题嘛！张菩萨不行李菩萨来，历来如此，永远如此。 事实上，蒋介石的谈判大员早在年前就派出了。此人就是力挽狂澜的张治中。