Chapter 11 Chapter 10 Domestic Peace Negotiations

After Su Jing overheard the last phone call between Fu Zuoyi and Chen Changjie, she immediately reported this important situation to Commanders Lin and Luo.Luo Ronghuan smiled and said, "Fu Zuoyi doesn't have much capital anymore, and the remaining issues are much simpler. Let's strike while the iron is hot. Now we will go to Wuliqiao to negotiate and see what Deng Baoshan has to say." An imperceptible smile flashed across Lin Biao's face, he nodded and said to Su Jing, "Prepare the car." The three chiefs, Lin, Luo, and Nie, drove to Wuli Bridge on the morning of January 15, 1949, and began a new "confrontation" with Deng Baoshan and Zhou Beifeng.

The meeting lasted three hours. Deng Baoshan pointed out that Fu Jun was not ready yet, and asked for a delay of several days before leaving Beiping. The army should not leave the city too far and too scattered.Lin Biao smiled slightly after hearing this, but did not answer. He knew in his heart that this was because he was afraid that the People's Liberation Army would break their promises and suddenly disarm them. Deng Baoshan also proposed the arrangements for officers above the regiment of the Fu Ministry and the acceptance methods for administrative units such as culture, education, and health in Beiping City.

For these detailed questions, Lin and Luo did not give affirmative answers, and Nie Rongzhen made a keynote speech. Nie talked about some major policies, and the new questions raised by Deng Baoshan had to be reported to the central government for answers. After the talks, Lin, Luo, and Nie telegraphed the situation to Xibaipo. The Third Bureau of the Xibaipo Military Commission was even more skilled. They not only monitored the radio conversation between Fu Zuoyi and Chen Changjie, but even deciphered the telegrams between Tianjin and Peiping.When the Tianjin city defense was breached, Fu Zuoyi instructed Chen Changjie to use explosives to resist.Mao Zedong was a little angry after reading the "Compilation of Situations" sent by the Third Bureau.How sincere is Fu Zuoyi's peace talks?

Mao Zedong decided to give Fu Zuoyi an ultimatum in the name of Lin and Luo: At 4 o'clock in the afternoon of the same day, Mao Zedong received two telegrams from Lin, Luo, and Nie: one was the victory report of the conquest of Tianjin; the other was a report on the negotiations with Deng and Zhou.He immediately called back with instructions: In the early morning of January 16, shortly after Deng Baoshan and Zhou Beifeng woke up, Su Jing and Li Bingquan went into the room to report the work arrangements for the day. After the talk, Su Jing said: "Tianjin was completely liberated yesterday afternoon. Captured, Hou Jingru's corps in Tanggu fled south by boat."

Deng Baoshan couldn't help feeling deeply moved after hearing Su Jing vividly describe the scene of the last phone call between Fu and Chen.He said: "The People's Liberation Army is extremely brave, Mr. Fu can't delay any longer! That's okay, Tianjin is resolved, and Peiping will soon be." In the afternoon, negotiations continued.Deng Baoshan first proposed: "The Tianjin issue was solved in an extreme way. Should we talk about the Suiyuan issue this time?" Luo Ronghuan adjusted his glasses and said: "We admit that Tianjin is an extreme way, and Beiping is a new way to avoid extremes. As long as the Beiping issue can be resolved smoothly, Suiyuan will use a more moderate way to solve it." , Our Party Central Committee has given instructions, which is called the Suiyuan method.”

Deng Baoshan was very relieved after hearing this. He came from Suiyuan, which was Fu Zuoyi's lair. He stood on Fu Zuoyi's side and thought that the CCP was a bit harsh on the Beiping issue, which made it difficult for Fu Zuoyi, who had a strong self-esteem, to accept it. way" is a consolation. "There are more than 100,000 Chiang Kai-shek's direct troops in Beiping City. Mr. Fu needs time to do their work." Deng Baoshan asked again, "Your army will temporarily suspend entering the city for a few days. Let Mr. Fu organize the internal affairs and make specific arrangements for the transfer of power."

Lin Biao stated: "Before January 20, the People's Liberation Army does not need to enter the city." "In order to avoid chaos, the two parties should organize a joint committee to temporarily take over the municipality, and then transition to complete takeover by your side." Deng Baoshan said, "This kind of arrangement is very necessary, do you agree?" Lin Biao also nodded in agreement. Nie Rongzhen’s answer to the question raised by the other party the day before about the army going out of the city is as follows: “Your side proposed that the army should not go too far or spread out from the city. Reorganization shall be carried out according to the agreement agreed upon by both parties.”

The talks proceeded smoothly in a friendly atmosphere, and the two sides reached a draft of the "Preliminary Agreement on the Peaceful Liberation of Peking", which was signed by Lin, Luo, Nie, Deng and Zhou on behalf of both parties. Deng Baoshan proposed: "Please send a representative to go to the city with me, and Mr. Zhou Beifeng stays here for easy contact." After discussing with Luo Ronghuan and Nie Rongzhen, Lin Biao decided to send Su Jing to go to the city with Deng Baoshan. At the end of the meeting, Lin Biao first got up and took out an unsealed envelope from his coat pocket, handed it to Deng Baoshan, and said, "Please pass it on to Mr. Fu Zuoyi."

Inside the envelope was the stern ultimatum drafted by Mao Zedong. After Lin, Luo, and Nie left, Deng Baoshan was eager to know the content of the letter, and she took it out to read it. She couldn't help being surprised, and facing Zhou Beifeng in front of Su Jing, she said: "This letter is too unexpected, and the wording is so severe. I can accept it! It seems that this letter cannot be shown to him, otherwise, Mr. Fu may overturn the agreement and make our efforts go to waste." Su Jing returned to Songzhuang Pingjin frontline headquarters, and told Lin, Luo, and Nie about Deng Baoshan's attitude after reading the letter.Lin Biao said, "Yes, that letter was a bit harsh. It's okay if he doesn't show it to Fu Zuoyi for the time being."

After dinner, Luo Ronghuan called Su Jing over and said, "Comrade Su Jing, this time you are sent to the city because of the organization's trust in you. You are loyal to the party, have a deep understanding of the party's policies, and are adaptable. ability. You have engaged in intelligence and reconnaissance work for a long time in the past, served as the secretary-general during the Anti-Japanese War, engaged in united front work, dealt with both friendly and enemy forces, and have experience in this field.” Su Jing said not without worries: "The burden is so heavy, I am afraid that I will not be able to complete the task and live up to the trust of the chief."

"Since I sent you, I believe that you can complete the task well." Luo Ronghuan said with concern, "Your security issues have also been considered in the organization. Although there are some risks, it is not a big problem." 'Well! You can go at ease." "My safety is nothing, but what if I can't complete the task?" Su Jing repeated what Deng Baoshan said after reading the letter, "What if Fu Zuoyi changes his mind?" "If Fu Zuoyi changes his mind, that's his own problem, and you have no responsibility." Luo Ronghuan said solemnly, "Chairman Mao just sent a telegram, and even the central government has two-handed preparations for Fu Zuoyi. We strive for a peaceful solution. We have no choice but to resort to force.” At 6 o'clock in the evening, Mao Zedong asked Lin, Luo, and Nie to: Luo Ronghuan roughly explained the content of the telegram, and finally jokingly said to Su Jing: "Even if the talks fail, or fall out, and Fu Zuoyi wants to detain you, we have a solution. We have their army commanders and division commanders in our hands. Exchange a few or a dozen for you, and he won't lose money on this deal." In the early morning of January 17, 1949, Deng Baoshan had breakfast and was about to leave for Peiping when Su Jing came in with a person.Deng Baoshan couldn't help but be surprised when she saw it - Chen Changjie! As a prisoner, Chen Changjie couldn't even straighten his waist, his head was tucked into the collar of his coat, his eyes were bloodshot, and he looked exhausted. "General Chen, you have been wronged!" Deng Baoshan patted Chen Changjie's shoulder lightly. Chen Changjie said dejectedly: "We can't fight any more! Let Commander Fu think about the brothers in Peiping. Beiping's city defenses are not as good as Tianjin. If we fight again, we will ruin the thousand-year-old capital and our brothers' future!" Deng Baoshan really wanted to solve the mystery in her heart: Why is the 130,000 troops plus the solid city defenses so vulnerable?Only stayed for 29 hours!Back then, Fu Zuoyi was able to defend the small city of Zhuozhou for three months!Chen Changjie is a smart man. He saw what was on his mind from Deng Baoshan's eyes, so he explained: "The People's Liberation Army is by no means the Feng Army of the past! We are not the Jin Army of the past! 'He who wins the hearts of the people wins the world.' The Jin Army responded back then. The Northern Expedition was in line with the will of the people, so we were able to resist the strong with the weak. Now that everything is upside down, and the people's hearts are against the Communist Party, how can we be invincible?" Deng Baoshan recalled the scenes of people in Peiping chanting slogans outside the barracks every day, and said with emotion: "We have done many unpopular things with Chiang Kai-shek in these years, and it is time to reflect on it!" "First of all, I want to persuade Mr. Fu to reflect!" Chen Changjie burst into tears, "You can't let the brothers follow in my footsteps!" Su Jing changed into the long robe and mandarin jacket that Beifeng had brought with her last week, and went straight to Qinghe Town by car with Deng Baoshan.On the way, Deng Baoshan said with embarrassment: "I think it's better not to hand over that letter to Mr. Fu for the time being. What do you think?" Because Lin Biao had already stated his position yesterday, Su Jing knew the truth, so she said, "You decide for yourself! It's okay not to pay it for now." In the afternoon of the same day, Deng Baoshan and Su Jing passed through the blockade full of landmines and entered the city through Deshengmen.Cui Zaizhi and Wang Kejun immediately sent them into two cars.Deng Baoshan drove straight to Zhongnanhai and returned to Fu Zuoyi.Accompanied by Wang Kejun, Su Jing drove into the former Japanese embassy, ​​which now serves as Fu Zuoyi's guest house.Cui Zaizhi said that there was a spy battalion outside the south wall that was responsible for the security work. Although there were no guards with live ammunition guarding the gate, there were many plainclothes patrolling around, and no one could enter the compound without permission. Deng Baoshan handed over the draft of the "Preliminary Agreement for the Peaceful Liberation of Peking" to Fu Zuoyi. After reading it, Fu Zuoyi looked extremely calm and did not express his views on the agreement.Deng Baoshan knew the character of this "righteous brother" very well, and Fu Zuoyi's reticence meant that he acquiesced. Fu Zuoyi talked about the capture of Chen Changjie in the Battle of Tianjin, and expressed his incomprehension that the People's Liberation Army took Tianjin so quickly.Deng Baoshan recounted the meeting with Chen Changjie and Chen Changjie in the morning. Fu Zuoyi said emotionally: "I didn't make up my mind earlier, and I hurt my brother in Tianjin." "Now that you have made up your mind, the next step is how to deal with Jiang's troops." Deng Baoshan said, "You must plan carefully and be cautious." Fu Zuoyi smiled and said: "The literati are ahead of us, and they are helping us with our work." It turned out that last night He Siyuan and others learned that Tianjin had been captured by the People's Liberation Army, and they came to see Fu Zuoyi together with Xu Huidong, chairman of the City Council. He Siyuan said excitedly: "Peking is already an isolated city, and the Kuomintang soldiers are unwilling to fight; the people of Peiping have united and unanimously demanded peace. If you order to force the army to resist with no way out, it will be very dangerous." Fu Zuoyi thought that these literati could be used to do ideological work for soldiers, so he said calmly: "Tomorrow, you can convene the councils of the seven provinces and cities in North China to discuss the Beiping issue in the name of a dinner party! I will pay for the meal. Why? You are an 'honorary citizen of Peking', you can visit the generals of the garrison with Chairman Xu, invite them to attend meetings and do their work." In the early morning of January 17, He Siyuan, Xu Huidong and others visited the Kuomintang generals in Beiping, saying: "Beiping is an isolated city, and it will never be able to withstand the attack of a million People's Liberation Army. Thousands of years of cultural relics, put down your arms and shake hands with the People's Liberation Army to make peace. We are all Chinese, and we should coexist peacefully for the prosperity of the country." These generals have long known the secret of the peace talks between Fu Zuoyi and the People's Liberation Army, but they are all very smart. They all said: "I have never heard of the peace talks. Commander-in-Chief Fu has to decide everything. Soldiers take obeying orders as their bounden duty." At noon that day, senators from seven provinces and cities, celebrities from all walks of life in Peiping, and generals of the garrison gathered in the auditorium of the Senate to hold a banquet.The participants (except the military) unanimously demanded a peaceful solution to the Peking issue.It was decided to send 11 people including He Siyuan out of the city to petition the People's Liberation Army as peace representatives, and sent a telegram to the Kuomintang government and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to request a peaceful solution to the Peking issue. The soldiers straightened their backs and said nothing, while the reporters present and the special agents of the military command and the central command watched the fun around.He Siyuan was the most active at the venue. He said: "I saw Bai Chongxi and Zhang Zhen's telegrams in Nanjing, saying, 'If the disaster of war continues to spread, if we don't find a way to change the course, the country will not be the country, and the people will not be the people' , asking Chiang Kai-shek to "follow the usual path of political settlement, find ways to resume peace talks" and so on. This is an old trick of politicians. The purpose is to attack Chiang Kai-shek and raise Li Zongren. Let's not do this, let's put it simply. I have three meanings: 1. Request to change Beiping to Beijing. Beijingers hate calling it Beiping rather than Beijing. The Eight Points of the CCP Chairman Mao should be reformed. Others, such as cadre retention, military reorganization, etc., are things that the central government and the state president should worry about. I think this is the 'true public opinion', and the country is united by the people's will." As soon as He Siyuan finished speaking, everyone agreed.Under the persecution of literati and reporters, the generals were in an embarrassing situation. Finally, they chose one person to be their representative, and they left one after another. Although the soldiers did not express their attitude, Fu Zuoyi still felt that it was very rewarding. First, there were no diehards who jumped out to sing the opposite, and second, the literati taught the soldiers a lesson, which was considered a foreshadowing. The secret agents quickly reported to Nanjing that Fu Zuoyi had instructed He Siyuan and Xu Huidong to convene the council, and Chiang Kai-shek finally understood that Fu Zuoyi had decided to abandon him.In addition to being disappointed, he still wanted to recover some losses, so he called Fu Zuoyi overnight: Chiang Kai-shek was well aware of Fu Zuoyi's "righteousness and thin sky" character, and he wanted to take advantage of this to rescue a group of officers from the direct line of troops from the besieged city of Beiping within a week, and to train a new army for him in the south of the Yangtze River to strengthen the backbone. Fu Zuoyi couldn't refuse Chiang Kai-shek's last request, but secretly informed the People's Liberation Army to bombard the temporary airport at the Temple of Heaven, making it impossible for Chiang Kai-shek's plane to land. That night, the 13th Army, which Chiang Kai-shek never forgot, had a small-scale "mutiny" in Beiping. They shot randomly into the air to express their dissatisfaction with Fu Zuoyi. The gunshots alarmed the People's Liberation Army outside the city. Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan immediately met with Zhou Beifeng and asked him to call Fu Zuoyi. If Chiang Kai-shek's direct troops had a mutiny, they could let the People's Liberation Army enter the city to suppress it. Fu Zuoyi called back and said: On the evening of January 18, 1949, Fu Zuoyi, together with Wang Kejun, Yan Youwen, and Cui Zaizhi, the principal and deputy directors of the Political Work Office, came to No. 2 Yuheqiao, Dongjiaomin Lane, to condolences to Su Jing. "Director Su came to Peiping, and I and the soldiers of Peiping welcome you." Fu Zuoyi pointed to Wang Kejun and Cui Zaizhi and said, "You can work with Director Su to agree on a practical and specific solution for peaceful settlement. As long as it is beneficial to the Peaceful settlement of Beiping, so that the thousand-year-old capital will not be destroyed, any solution is fine, you are the plenipotentiary representatives of both sides!" "General Fu came to express his condolences, and I would like to express my gratitude!" Su Jing said, "I can't be regarded as a plenipotentiary representative. I only act as a liaison. If there is any problem to be solved, I can contact you on my behalf. Ask the head of the Pingjin front line, or you can contact me through the radio. " On the second day, Su Jing, Cui Zaizhi and others studied the specific implementation measures article by article according to the spirit of the draft "Preliminary Agreement on the Peaceful Liberation of Peking", and quickly drew up an 18-article agreement.Su Jing telegraphed the agreement to the Pingjin Front Command. Lin, Luo, and Nie then reported to Xibaipo.Mao Zedong personally revised the content and words of each article of the agreement, and replied to Lin, Luo, and Nie with instructions to make the revised document the final agreement.The content is as follows: 1. A truce between the two sides began at 10:00 am on the 22nd of this month. 2. During the transition period, the two sides will send personnel to set up a joint office to handle relevant military and political matters. 3. The original designation of the troops below the corps (including the corps) in the city began to be moved outside the city on the 22nd, and the reorganization began about one month after arriving at the station. 4. To maintain order in the city, in addition to the original police and troops guarding warehouses, necessary troops shall be temporarily retained to maintain law and order as needed. 5. Beiping administrative agencies and all central and local public companies, banks, warehouses, cultural institutions, schools, etc. temporarily maintain the status quo, and shall not be damaged or lost. 6. Gold Yuan Coupons can be used as usual, pending another exchange method. 7. All military projects shall be stopped. 8. To protect the safety of life and property of embassy personnel in Ping'an and foreigners. Nine, the post and telecommunications will not stop, and continue to maintain external contact. 10. All kinds of newspapers can continue to be published, subject to re-examination and registration. 11. Protection of cultural relics and historical sites and the freedom and safety of various religions. 12. The people are safe and sound, and don't disturb each other. On the morning of January 21, Fu Zuoyi decided to take the most critical step in the peaceful liberation of Beiping.He summoned Li Shijie, Liang Shuzai, Zhang Zhuoqing, Guo Zongfen, and Shi Jue and Li Wen, commanders of the two regiments of the Chiang Faction, to Jurentang in Zhongnanhai for a meeting. Fu Zuoyi stared at Shi Jue and Li Wen with his sharp eyes, and was silent for 5 minutes.When Shi Jue and Li Wen saw that gaze, they panicked. They had a premonition that the last moment had finally come. "All walks of life in Beiping are united against the war and demanding peace talks. Everyone is under pressure from the people. The will of the people is God's will. Those who obey will prosper and those who oppose will perish!" Fu Zuoyi's words resounded loudly. The peace talks are an open secret, and you must have heard of them. As a commander, I have to think about the future of more than 200,000 soldiers. After arduous negotiations, I reached the "Implementation Measures for the Peaceful Liberation of Beiping" with the CCP. Director Wang please read it .” Wang Kejun got up and read the agreement in a loud voice. "Please express your opinions." Fu Zuoyi looked around the venue with piercing eyes. The generals of the Fu family expressed their approval one by one, and then stared at Shi Jue and Li Wen with unison.Shi and Li calmed down a little bit from the initial panic. They already felt that today's hard resistance is not enough, and if they make trouble, they will be killed.So he played tricks and said to Wang Kejun: "The two of us can't say anything, I'm afraid Kejun and your subordinates disagree." Wang Kejun smiled and said, "I'm a civil servant, how can I have subordinates?" "Aren't the chiefs of political affairs in our army under your control? They shout 'suppress the communists' to the troops all day long, I'm afraid this turnaround won't work!" Shi and Li kicked the ball to the Political Work Office, but Wang Kejun was unexpected and couldn't deal with it for a while.It happened to be time for dinner, Fu Zuoyi said: "Let's eat first, and we will discuss after dinner." Wang Kejun seized the opportunity and asked the staff members to call the directors of political affairs of each division separately, informing them that they must rush to Zhongnanhai Qinzheng Hall for an emergency assembly within 15 minutes. The political directors arrived on time, and Wang Kejun read the agreement to them, and then asked them to express their opinions one by one.Sure enough, the director of the Fu department agreed unanimously, but the director of the Jiang department asked to send them back to Nanjing by plane. Wang Kejun is a very capable person, and he said solemnly: "If you don't want to stay, you can! But you must ensure that there will be no accidents in the troops, that the political work will be done smoothly, that no one will be injured, no gun will be shot, and nothing will be destroyed. After the 12th article has been successfully implemented, I promise to ask Commander-in-Chief Fu to send a plane to let you leave safely." "In that case, I have no objection." Seeing that no one was talking anymore, Wang Kejun announced the adjournment of the meeting.He returned to Ju Ren Tang, and Fu Zuoyi and others returned to the conference hall after finishing their meal. Seeing Wang Kejun's smiling face, Fu Zuoyi knew that the matter had been settled, so he said, "Let's continue the meeting! Everyone express their opinions." Li Shijie and other generals of the Fu family said: "We agree with the agreement, let's see the attitude of the two commanders, Shi and Li!" Shi and Li said: "We have no objection, the key is that the Director of Political Work cannot pass the test." Wang Kejun smiled and said, "Now all the political directors have no objections. If you don't believe me, you can call and ask." Wang Kejun recounted what happened at noon, and Shi and Li's expressions changed drastically, and they said nervously, "We agree with the provisions, but we also require a safe flight to Nanjing." Feeling relieved, Fu Zuoyi's cold eyes suddenly softened, and he said, "I guarantee that you will leave safely, but the conditions are the same. I guarantee that the troops will implement the agreement and not cause trouble." Shi and Li bowed their heads and were speechless. Fu Zuoyi immediately ordered generals above the army and officers above the head of the headquarters to come to the meeting.Half an hour later, generals and officials gathered in the conference hall of Ju Ren Tang. Fu Zuoyi's gaze regained a bit of chill, he straightened his back, with an indescribable majesty.The guards outside the window of the meeting hall walked back and forth, adding to the tense atmosphere of the meeting. Li Shijie briefly described the desperate situation of the Beiping defenders and the outline of the peace talks with the CCP, and then read out the terms of the agreement. At this time, Yuan Pu, the commander of the 16th Army, burst into tears: "I'm sorry, leader! I'm sorry, leader!..." Li Wen, who kept shaking his head, seemed to be infected, and burst into tears: "The principal has trained us for many years, and we are sorry for his old man. Commander-in-Chief Fu, please allow me to take away the teachers who are willing to leave. I promise that it will not affect stability." Shi Jue proposed to take some teachers with him. Fu Zuoyi said sharply: "Okay! I agree to your request. You can take whoever you want, but you must appoint a successor now and give me the list." Shi Jue and Li Wen wrote the list and handed it to Fu Zuoyi, and left in fear. At 6 a.m. on January 23, Shi Jue, Li Wen, and dozens of officers above the regiment level fled Peiping in two small planes from Dongdan Airport. On January 25, Su Jing returned to Songzhuang Pingjin Front Command.Luo Ronghuan asked: "Have you given Fu Zuoyi to read the letter that Deng Baoshan brought?" Su Jing was stunned, and thought to herself: Everything has been done smoothly, why use that letter to provoke Fu Zuoyi?He hadn't read the letter, so he didn't know what was written in it.So he said, "I don't know." Nie Rongzhen said: "You have to go back today and ask Deng Baoshan. If you haven't delivered it to Fu Zuoyi, you must go with him to see Fu. You must let Fu see the letter today and tomorrow." Su Jing felt the importance of the letter at this time, and promised to return to the city immediately and complete the task. Lin Biao was leaning on the table to look at the situation map of Beiping's city defense. At this moment, he raised his head and said, "Why did Fu Zuoyi let his 101st Army go out of the city first? What if Jiang Jun suddenly turned around and besieged his headquarters? Does he have enough troops?" Resist with troops, waiting for our army to enter the city for reinforcements?" After thinking calmly, Su Jing replied: "All the officers above Jiang's lineage who were willing to leave fled by plane, and most of those who remained supported the agreement for the peaceful liberation of Peiping. I think Fu Zuoyi did so because he was sure of controlling the situation." At dusk that day, Su Jing went to the city to find Deng Baoshan, and said anxiously, "Did you give the letter you brought to the city to General Fu?" Deng Baoshan frowned and said, "Is it necessary?" "The three leaders Lin, Luo, and Nie requested that the letter must be handed over to General Fu as soon as possible." Seeing Su Jing's anxious look, Deng Baoshan understood that the letter was of great importance, so she put on her coat, took the letter and drove to Zhongnanhai with Su Jing. Fu Zuoyi warmly received Su Jing in the living room.Deng Baoshan took the opportunity to drill into the back room and handed the letter to Fu Dongju, asking him to pass it on to her father. Maybe Fu Dongju was afraid of irritating her father after reading the letter, so she didn't give the letter to Fu Zuoyi. On January 31, all Fu Zuoyi's troops left Beiping, and the Cheng Zihua Corps of the People's Liberation Army entered the city to take over the defense.The next day, the "People's Daily" published the full text of the letter. Fu Zuoyi was very emotional after reading the newspaper. On February 3, he wrote to Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan, saying: "I am willing to take responsibility for the serious disaster caused by the two and a half years of rebellion." Responsible for mistakes, willing to accept any punishment." Fu Zuoyi was under a lot of psychological pressure. On February 8, Lin Biao, Nie Rongzhen, and Ye Jianying entertained Fu Zuoyi and Deng Baoshan at the Beijing Hotel, and they had a long conversation. Lin Biao said calmly in his usual unemotional tone: "The peaceful liberation of Peiping has left this thousand-year-old cultural capital untouched and set a new example of the 'Peking way', and General Fu has contributed to this. Our Communist Party will never treat anyone who has contributed to the revolutionary cause. I hope that General Fu will make more contributions to the people in the future and cooperate faithfully with the Communist Party.” Fu Zuoyi said: "Thank you General Lin for your encouragement. I used to have a lot of internal conflicts. I wanted to do things for the people subjectively, but objectively I became a bodyguard for the rich (you call them the big comprador bourgeoisie). I participated in the civil war waged by the Kuomintang. Wrong. After you occupied Shenyang, I realized that you can no longer fight, and China will be led by the Communist Party from now on. I am willing to serve the people from now on. As for the reorganization of the troops, you can do whatever you want, I have no objection.” Lin Biao praised: "It is very good that General Fu has such an attitude." He knew that the ultimatum written by Mao Zedong greatly stimulated Fu Zuoyi, so he said: "The letter we sent you is in line with the facts, and it was published in the newspaper. It is to make a conclusion for your past, so that we can start a new cooperation between us according to the agreement. Neither should the sins of the past obliterate the achievements of today, nor should the sins of the past be obscured by the achievements of today." Lin Biao had studied Fu Zuoyi's experience and combat characteristics. This was his first opponent after entering the customs, and it naturally became a compulsory part of his "homework".In addition to serious policy topics, he talked about some past battles of Fu Zuoyi, saying: "Chairman Mao once sent me a telegram, saying that Fu Zuoyi's military command level is far higher than that of Wei Lihuang." Fu Zuoyi was not very convinced of Lin Biao, because Lin Biao led an army with a strong fighting force, and there were millions of people. The army he led was not only small in number and poor in combat strength, but also had many internal factions, which could not compete with Lin Biao on a fair basis.He once imagined that if each led an army of equal strength, they might not lose to Lin Biao, or if they fought in front of each other like the generals of the two armies in ancient times, then Lin Biao would not be an opponent. However, these assumptions are unrealistic, and the reality is cruelly before him. Lin Biao, who has no general demeanor, easily ate more than 500,000 of his horses.And he, the "famous city defender" who was famous all over the world during the Northern Expedition, ended his history as a famous general in a daze. Lin Biao is such a shrewd person. He guessed Fu Zuoyi's mind and said: "Your defeat today is not a matter of personal ability. The victory of our army in the Northeast and North China is definitely not a matter of my ability. The Kuomintang is against the interests of the people. , It is bound to fail. In all battlefields across the country, the Kuomintang troops have suffered disastrous defeats no matter who is under their command, not just in North China. Only by standing on the side of the people can we finally win." Nie Rongzhen, Ye Jianying and others gave Fu Zuoyi some encouragement and enlightenment, but the knot in his mind has not been solved yet.Later, he guessed that the letter signed by Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan was not from Lin and Luo, so he asked to go to Shijiazhuang to meet Mao Zedong. On February 22, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai met with Fu Zuoyi and Deng Baoshan in Xibaipo.Mao Zedong held Fu Zuoyi's hand cordially as soon as they met, and said humorously: "We used to meet on the battlefield, and it was clear. Today, we are uncles and relatives, and we are inseparable. Chiang Kai-shek played tricks all his life, and you finally got rid of him." gone." Fu Zuoyi was quite worried about the future of his old ministry.Mao Zedong said that everything is done according to the agreement, and our Communist Party keeps what it says.With this reassurance, the knot in Fu Zuoyi's heart was finally relieved. "The people I captured you, regardless of officers and soldiers, will be released to you." Mao Zedong waved his hand and said with a smile, "You can meet them. We are going to send them all to Suiyuan." Fu Zuoyi said puzzledly, "Give it to me? What should I do with it? I still have to send it to Suiyuan, why?" Mao Zedong said: "Didn't the Kuomintang always advocate that the Communist Party kills and sets fires, and that the Communist Party shares wives? When they arrive in Suiyuan, they can show themselves that the Communist Party neither collects their pockets nor insults their personality. It can help people in Suiyuan to learn and raise their awareness. Well. We will use these people in the future!" Fu Zuoyi understood that Mao Zedong wanted to use a special method to solve the Suiyuan problem, so he asked: "What is the chairman's plan for Suiyuan?" "With the peaceful liberation of Beiping, the Suiyuan issue will be easily resolved. Let's let it go and wait for their own uprising." Mao Zedong finally asked: "General Fu, what kind of work are you willing to do?" "I don't think I can work in the army anymore. It's better for me to go back to the Hetao area to do some water conservancy construction work." "Are you interested in water conservancy work?" Mao Zedong smiled. "The Hetao water conservancy construction work area is too small. In the future, you can be the minister of water conservancy and be the contemporary Dayu! But you can still manage the military work. I think you are still very interested." Talented." When the People's Republic of China was founded, Mao Zedong made Fu Zuoyi the first Minister of Water Resources for 22 years. At this meeting, Li Kenong, director of the Social Affairs Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, was present. Later he said: "After Chairman Mao's conversation, Fu Zuoyi is a different person." On February 3, 1949, the ancient city of Beiping was immersed in a sea of ​​joy. The cavalry, infantry and armored soldiers of the Northeast Field Army formed a majestic square formation and held a grand entrance ceremony.Students and citizens beat gongs and drums on both sides of the street, waved pennants and shouted slogans welcoming the PLA. Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, Nie Rongzhen and Ye Jianying stood on the watchtower at the front gate to inspect the troops marching into the inner city of Peiping. So far, the battle of Pingjin has come to an end. Although the Suiyuan issue has not been completely resolved, it is no longer an important matter.Lin Biao looked down at the army entering the city and the jubilant citizens from the watchtower, and his eyes became sour when he looked at it. He was originally a person who liked to be quiet.His eyes flicked over the heads of the soldiers and townspeople, to the gray roofs beyond the front door, and then up slightly to the southern sky.He began to think about the new opponent and the next battle. The central government has ordered the main forces of the East and the Wild who have fought two consecutive decisive battles to rest, and at the same time clearly assigned them the task of eliminating the Wuhan Bai Chongxi Group. This Bai Chongxi is obviously more difficult to deal with, he is the most famous general in the Kuomintang camp.However, he has been singing high-profile peace talks recently, not only forcing Chiang Kai-shek to step down, but also sending people around to negotiate with the Communist Party. Will Bai Chongxi follow Fu Zuoyi's path?Lin Biao had been thinking about "Little Zhuge" and the recent abnormal events. On January 12, Bai Chongxi chartered a special plane to Chennault's airline company, and sent Huang Shaohong, the third figure of the Guangxi faction, to fly to Guangzhou and then to Hong Kong.Huang Shaohong met with Pan Hannian, the legendary hero of the CCP's hidden front in Hong Kong, and conveyed Bai Chongxi's desire to have peace talks with the CCP. Pan Hannian reported to Li Kenong in Xibaipo through a secret radio station. On January 20, Mao Zedong drafted a telegram in the names of Zhou Enlai and Li Kenong to reply to Pan Hannian, asking him to tell Huang Shaohong: 1. The CCP's attitude towards the current situation has been stated in Chairman Mao's statement on the 14th, and any party can follow this statement. Second, the Nanjing Group is the main culprit in the civil war.Li and Bai were also responsible for the civil war. If they want to reduce their responsibility for the civil war, they must make specific and definite contributions to the cause of people's liberation.If Li Zongren still wants to replace Chiang and Bai Chongxi still wants to get US aid to oppose our army, they will not be able to get the understanding of the people, and it can be concluded that there will be no good results. 3. If Bai Yu sent representatives to contact Liu and Deng, he could go to the Zhengzhou Municipal Government to contact them. At that time, Bai Chongxi believed that Chiang Kai-shek Lai would not step down from the stage, and planned to send Liu Zhongrong to Shijiazhuang via the Ping-Han line to find the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for peace talks.Unexpectedly, Huang Shaohong's activities in Hong Kong unexpectedly led to Chiang Kai-shek's resignation. Later, Chiang Ching-kuo, who had retreated to Taiwan, wrote in the book "Burden and Far": "Huang Shaohong flew from Nanjing to Hankou, and after meeting with Bai Chongxi, he transferred to Hong Kong to discuss the steps of peace talks with the representatives of the Communist Party, and put forward two specific opinions: 1. After resigning from the field, they unanimously deal with Chiang to prevent him from rising again; second, the Communist Party and Li Zongren conduct comprehensive peace negotiations." The book "Biography of President Chiang" describes that Huang Shaohong's visit to Hong Kong had a huge impact on Chiang Kai-shek: "If President Chiang persists, the Guangxi army will take military measures. It will withdraw from the Wuhan area and open the front line of the Yangtze River to the 'CCP' Army, President Jiang believed that such a move would make the whole situation unmanageable. So he decided to retire by himself and give the Guangxi faction a chance to experiment." During this period, Bai Chongxi also secretly negotiated with Liu Bocheng of the Central Plains Field Army through his deputy Zhang Zhen.At this time, Bai Chongxi did have the intention to negotiate peace with the CCP alone, and his actions were obviously out of step with Li Zongren in Nanjing. On January 14, Mao Zedong issued a statement, proposing eight conditions for peace negotiations: 1. To punish war criminals; 2. Abolish the pseudo-constitution; 3. Abolish the false legal system; 4. Reorganize all reactionary armies in accordance with democratic principles; 5. Confiscation of bureaucratic capital; 6. Reform the land system; 7. Abolition of traitorous treaties; 8. Convene a Political Consultative Conference without the participation of reactionaries, establish a democratic coalition government, and take over all the powers of the Nanjing Kuomintang reactionary government and its affiliated governments at all levels. The next day, Leighton Stuart, the US ambassador to China, went to see Chiang Kai-shek, under the pretext of inquiring about Chiang's views on the "Eight Conditions", but in fact he was trying to find out when Chiang would step down.Chiang Kai-shek kept talking about stepping down, but he didn't mention when he would step down. Leighton Stuart believed that Chiang Kai-shek did not want to go to the field, and was very disappointed.That night, he secretly visited Li Zongren and said: "Jiang will not go to the field. You should quickly prepare to join Bai Chongxi in Hankou, creating a situation that forces Jiang to go to the field. The embassy has found out that Jiang has a plan to murder you. I have transferred my special plane from Shanghai to Nanjing, once the time is right, you will go to Hanhuibai." On January 18, Li Zongren sent Cheng Siyuan to Wuhan to report Stuart's plan to Bai Chongxi. Bai Chongxi shook his head and said, "Zhang Zhen is in contact with Liu Bocheng, and he urged us to take action in Wuhan as soon as possible. The time is urgent and there is no delay. I'm afraid we can't wait for Degong (Li Zongren's word Delin) to arrive." 白崇禧的一系列活动使蒋介石如坐针毡，他意识到不能再恋总统宝座了，否则，白崇禧要将长江中游拱手让给共产党，他在下游的防线也就顷刻瓦解了。与其将东南半壁让与共产党，还不如将总统让与李宗仁，而自己仍保留国民党总裁的位置，以便幕后操纵。 1月19日下午4时，蒋介石在官邸约见张治中、张群、吴忠信、孙科、邵力子、吴铁城、陈立夫，他说：“我是决心下野了，现在有两个案子请大家研究：一个是请李德邻出来谈和，谈妥了我再下野；一个是我现在就下野，一切由李德邻主持。” 没有人敢回答这个问题。蒋介石只好点名，第一个点到吴铁城。 吴支支吾吾地说：“这个问题是不是应该召集中常会来讨论一下？” “不必！”蒋介石愤然道，“我现在不是被共产党打倒的，是被国民党打倒的！” 蒋介石发完脾气，最后说：“好了，我决心采用第二案，下野的文告怎么写你们大家研究，主要意思是'我既不能贯彻戡乱的主张，又何忍再为和平的障碍'。” 随后，蒋介石对人事作了大的调整，任命朱绍良为福建省主席，方天为江西省主席，薛岳为广东省主席，余汉谋为广东绥靖主任，朱绍良兼福州绥靖主任，张群为重庆绥靖主任，汤恩伯为京沪警备总司令。他要架空李宗仁，让“代总统”什么事都办不成！ 1月20日晚，白崇禧还不知道南京发生的上述变故，仍在按他自己的计划行事。他在汉口三元里官邸召集各界民意代表开会，准备第二天发表和平通电。突然，张治中的长途电话打来了，说：“蒋决定明天下野，南京报纸已出了号外，明日见报。” 白崇禧甚感意外，不久，李宗仁亲自来电话：“蒋明天下野，你那边不要单独行动，我们一起搞和平！” 1月21日，傅作义在北平向师以上将领宣布北平和平解放的同时，蒋介石在黄埔路官邸举行最后一次茶话会。出席茶话会的有李宗仁、五院院长和国民党中常委。蒋介石言不由衷地与李宗仁等话别。 此时，CC分子潘公展和田昆山对下野文告提出意见：“总统是国大选出来的，要辞职须国大批准，在此之前下野不能生效，因而必须将文告中关于下野的这句话删掉。” 蒋介石点头表示同意。半个小时后，南京电台广播了蒋介石的文告。下午4时，蒋介石从大校场机场乘飞机离开了南京，从而结束了他在这座六朝古都的一场春梦。 白崇禧听了广播大吃一惊，立即打电话给李宗仁，正好那边是程思远接电话。白生气地说：“广播里说的那个文告，怎么没有一句关于下野的话？德公上台地位很不明确，怎么干得下去呢？” 程思远刚放下电话，司徒雷登的顾问傅泾波来了。傅对李宗仁说：“蒋介石不下野，李先生怎么上台？大使先生对此深表关切，希望设法补救。” 李宗仁此时才感到问题严重，速召张治中、吴忠信前来商议。 张治中听说白崇禧和司徒雷登很担忧，对吴忠信说：“你是秘书长，可否请你把原有字句加上，以恢复文告的本来面目！” 吴忠信蓦然变色道：“文白（张治中），你开我的玩笑，总统交给我的文件，我无权修改。”说完便不辞而别。 李宗仁只得请司法院长王宠惠出主意。王不愧是法界权威，片言只语便解决了问题，他说：“蒋先生这一文告应有'引退'字样，但因李先生上台，尚未得国大追认，所以只能以'代总统'名义行使职权。” 当晚9时，电台重播蒋介石的文告，补上了“和平之目的不能达到，人民之涂炭曷其有极，因决定身先引退，以冀弭战销兵，解人民倒悬于万一”等句。 电台在重播李宗仁的就职文告时，补上了“宗仁依据《宪法》第49条之规定，代行总统职权”一句。白崇禧听后，十分不满，他在电话里对程思远说：“这个'代'字，意味着蒋的政治幽灵仍统治着南京政府。德公名不正言不顺，言不顺则令不行，看来前途多艰！” 白崇禧果然高人一筹，他的预见以后真的应验了。 蒋介石宣布下野的同一天，美国国务卿马歇尔也卸任了。新上任的国务卿叫艾奇逊，他在回忆录中有如下一段话：“我就职的那天，（蒋）委员长辞职了，把那个共和国的总统职位交给李宗仁将军。但是，他在辞职以前，已把中国的外汇和货币储备全部搬往'福摩萨'（台湾），并要求美国把预定运往中国的军事装备运往'福摩萨'。这就使李将军既无经费又没有军事装备的来源了。” 美国本以为迫蒋下台可以迅速实现与中共和谈，从而保持国民党控制下的半壁江山。岂料蒋介石仍在幕后操纵，李宗仁徒唤奈何。 李宗仁上台伊始，为了向中共表示企求和平的诚意，令行政院释放政治犯。这一举措令国人注目，因为最著名的政治犯莫过于张学良和杨虎城了，能否释放张、杨是检验李宗仁“权威”的试金石。 可是张、杨两位将军仍然身陷囹圄，李宗仁的命令到了孙科的行政院成了一纸空文。 蒋介石通过孙科操纵行政院，通过顾祝同的参谋总部控制军队。他名义上在溪口“隐居”，实际上牢牢控制了中央军，照样每天电波频传，调动军队，调整人事。桂系根本就没有本钱与之对抗，虽然蒋介石的精锐主力已丧失殆尽，但仍有上百万中央军，人数远远超过白崇禧控制的华中集团。他还有一支50多艘军舰的舰队以及8个大队的空军。 他还将中央银行的黄金、白银和外汇运往了台湾，仅留2000万美元给汤恩伯作京沪防务的军费，而李宗仁则一分钱都不给。 李宗仁上台后仅发了几则要求和谈的通电，除此之外几乎无所作为。他既无钱又无权，这个“代总统”的滋味算是尝够了。 1月27日，李宗仁致电毛泽东： 惩治战犯是八条中的首条，蒋介石怀疑桂系的目的是与中共联手共同对付他，于是挑拨孙科公开与李宗仁决裂。 孙、李二人曾为竞选副总统斗得头破血流，积怨颇深，蒋介石一挑拨立即生效。孙科以1月27日电未经他同意为由，率内阁大员纷纷离开南京，到2月上旬，干脆将行政院迁往广州，从而形成了“一国三公”的奇怪现象——南京李代总统、广州孙院长和溪口蒋总裁。国民党阵营分裂愈演愈烈。 蒋介石则于1月29日密令参谋总长顾祝同，令其传令三军： 吾人为求捍卫国家民族及党与军之生存，应下最大决心，与之（指中共）势不两立，坚决从事长期自救、自卫与救民之战争。 李宗仁并不甘心大权旁落，开始使出浑身解数与蒋介石争夺权力。 首先是要解决“府”“院”之争。在民国初年北洋政府时期，总统府与行政院之间在北京城闹别扭是很平常的事。自从民国政府迁都南京，这种事就不多见了。而总统府与行政院分处两地，则史无前例。 孙科自知与李宗仁无法相处，早就提出辞呈。李宗仁首先请“主和派”张治中组阁，张治中对蒋介石政体的认识十分深刻，他明白不仅是行政院，即使是李宗仁，也根本就不可能有解决全局问题的办法，因此坚决拒绝担任行政院长一职。 李宗仁又想抬出与中共关系密切的宋庆龄和“民革”主席李济深。而宋、李二人已经受毛泽东之邀去了解放区。同时，蒋介石以国民党总裁的地位对内阁人选具有决定权，未经他点头，很难进行大的人事调整。蒋怎么可能让宋、李这两位宿敌上台呢？ 李宗仁本来是想组织一个“和平内阁”，即行政院主要成员以主和派为主，这样便于与中共打交道，可是谁都不愿出头组阁。最后，他不得不请蒋介石系统的重要人物何应钦组阁。何躲在杭州，虽有心当行政院长，但他不能不看老蒋的脸色。最后老蒋点头了，何应钦方敢赴任组阁。 何应钦出任行政院长使美国人大失所望。3月12日，美国驻天津的总领事将商会的一份备忘录转交华盛顿当局： 过去两三天中美国的广播消息说，一个为数一亿五千万美元的进一步给国民政府军事和经济援助的法案可能提交国会，天津的美国人对此表示惊讶，因为他们在两个月前曾有过不愉快的经验，他们目睹共产党军队占领了天津，这些军队所配备的，几乎全部是从满洲国民党军队那里实际上是未经作战而缴获的美国武器及其他装备。 天津的美国人认为美国进一步援助这样一个政府的唯一后果，只会更加增强共产党的力量，这个政府已证明是如此颟顸无能，以致我们所给予的援助大部分已转入共产党的手里。他们感到蒋委员长表面上引退对国民政府的性质并没有起多少影响，特别是鉴于何应钦被选任作新的行政院长一事。何应钦是把中国弄到目前这样可怜地步的典型人物。他们觉得，我们反对共产主义的世界性的政策，不应该强使我们去支持一个已经失掉本国人民支持的、悲惨的、无能的和腐败的政府。他们相信，在此关头，对一个已经是完蛋了的政府作进一步的援助，将是没有用处的。他们觉得目前的局势只能由中国人来解决，暂时我们应该采取旁观的政策。 美国当局对李宗仁态度的改变，最初源于李与苏联大使罗申的接触。当时，中外人士普遍过高地估计了莫斯科对中共的影响力，李宗仁也不例外，他一上台就立即约见罗申，请求苏联对中共施加影响，调停国共之间的内战。罗申当然不会忘记应抓住一切机会削弱美国在华势力，经过一番讨价还价，双方达成了一个协议草案： 一、中国在将来的任何国际冲突中严守中立； 二、在最大可能的范围内消除美国在中国的影响； 三、建立中国和苏联间真正合作的基础。 随后，罗申携草案回莫斯科向斯大林汇报。李宗仁天真地认为美国当局会容忍他“不得已而为之”的举动，谁知美国当局竟于1月23日派人拜会司徒雷登，要求美国发表一个支持李宗仁的声明，并将与罗申商定的三点协议草案和盘托出。 司徒雷登听得目瞪口呆。李宗仁的代表一个劲儿地解释：“只有莫斯科才能阻止中共的军事行动，答应罗申的条件是权宜之计，请大使先生并华府当局理解我们的艰难处境，我们绝不会在事实上损害美国盟友的利益。” 当司徒雷登将这一情况报告国务卿时，艾奇逊回电说：“李宗仁为了达到加强他地位的目的，要求一个支持他的美国声明，而同时他和苏联商谈的协议草案，却要从中国消除美国影响，这是令人难以置信的。” 美国拒绝了李宗仁的要求。 随着时间的推移，华盛顿终于认识到他们曾寄予厚望的“代总统”实际上是一个摆设，根本就起不了作用。于是渐渐疏远了他，并最终中止了对国民党的军事和经济援助。 美国大使馆驻广州的临时代办曾致电华盛顿： 从那时起，美国对国民党已经彻底绝望了。司徒雷登奉令直接与中共进行试探性接触，以承认新中国为条件，妄图换取新中国在外交上不要向苏联一边倒。 这就是司徒雷登在解放军横渡长江、占领南京时，仍留在大使馆的原因。 而那时，包括苏联大使罗申在内的几乎所有外国使节，均随国民政府迁往了广州。司徒雷登是唯一的例外。 1949年1月31日，苏共中央政治局委员米高扬访问西柏坡，毛泽东同他谈了三天，政治、军事、经济、外交、民族、宗教等面面俱到，其中心是新中国政权的建立和政策方针。 对国际、国内要求中国恢复和谈的呼声和建议，毛泽东的回答是：“我们同意在八项条件的基础上与南京方面举行和谈，谈不成，人民解放军立即过江；谈成了，人民解放军也要过江。” 至此，莫斯科已经摸清了中共对和谈的态度，于是打消了充当国共和谈调解人的念头。与此同时，美、英、法三国也先后拒绝了南京当局要求各大国出面调停中国内战的邀请。 李宗仁在四大国拒绝当调解人的情况下，只得依靠国内的政治力量来推动和谈。他先后支持南京、上海的所谓“人民和平代表团”飞赴北平，“帮助政府和共产党人之间搭桥”。 代表团带回去的信息是：“和平有望。” 李宗仁在南京召集何应钦、张治中等开会，决定以如下三条为将来和谈的指导思想： 一、和谈必须建立在平等的基础上，绝对不能让共产党以胜利者自居，强迫我们接受不体面的条件； 二、不能同意建立以共产党为统治的联合政府，应建议停火，在两党控制区之间划一条临时分界线； 三、不能全部接受所谓八条，而只同意在两政府共存的条件下讨论八条。 其核心内容是：划江而治，搞南北朝。 会后，张治中到溪口去征求蒋介石的意见。蒋介石对“划江而治”当然不会反对，他需要“养伤”的时间，以利将来伺机反扑。 3月26日，中共中央正式派周恩来、林伯渠、林彪、叶剑英、李维汉为和谈代表，以八项和平条件为基础，自4月1日起在北平开始谈判。 此前一天，即3月25日，中共中央由西柏坡移驻北平。当日下午3时，南苑机场上空忽然升起三颗照明弹，十几辆敞篷吉普车由南向北缓缓驶入机场。 这是四野历史上一个具有重大意义的事件，毛主席、朱总司令等中央首长检阅华北军区和四野驻北平部队。 根据中央军委1月15日《关于改各野战军番号事》的电令精神，东北野战军于3月11日奉令正式称为中国人民解放军第四野战军。毛、朱、刘、周、任五大书记在林彪、罗荣桓的陪同下开始检阅四野部队。 炮兵、装甲兵和步兵排列着整齐的方队，一面面英雄的战旗迎风飘扬。这是毛泽东第一次直观地感受到自己的军队发生的质的飞跃，此前他只是在林、罗的电报中得知东野拥有多少门大炮、多少辆坦克、多少辆汽车，装备质量如何不断提高。 毛泽东戴着一顶太阳帽，灰布大衣的领子都磨破了。参加检阅的还有沈钧儒、李济深、黄炎培等民主人士，他们十分感慨地说：“毛泽东不愧是人民领袖，这种场合都拿不出一套像样的衣服。” 当夜，中央机关和解放军总部移驻香山，毛泽东下榻于双清别墅，直至半年后的9月21日始移居于中南海菊香书屋。毛泽东在香山的第一件大事是处理国内和平谈判和指挥军队做好渡江的准备。 南京方面也立即发表张治中、邵力子、黄绍竑、章士钊、李蒸等为和谈代表。 首席代表张治中再次飞赴溪口，他明白老蒋不点头，什么协议都算不得数。 蒋介石看了《预拟与中共商谈之腹案》，说：“我没有什么意见。你这次负担的是一项最艰苦的任务，一切要当心！” 张治中如释重负地自杭州飞返南京，在飞机上屈武忧心忡忡地说：“在溪口，老蒋身边的人曾恶狠狠地说：'张先生这样热心和谈，将来是没有好结果的！张先生太天真了，现在还讲和平，共产党愿意和平吗？他会死无葬身之地的！'” 南京城里在夜深人静之时隐隐可闻江北的炮声。解放军打到江边上来啦！国民党的特权阶层惶惶不可终日，他们清楚靠武力无法阻止解放军过江，只能寄希望于张治中的和谈了！ 4月1日上午，立法院特别休会半天，全体立法委员到明故宫机场为张治中等送行。中央航空公司特别将“空中行宫”号专机调拨给代表团。 飞机缓缓滑离跑道，载着南京统治者不切实际的幻想飞上了蓝天。 下午2时，飞机降落在北平南苑机场，让张治中甚感意外的是中共派来迎接的三人他都不认识。一位是北平副市长徐冰，一位是中共和谈代表团秘书长齐燕铭，还有一位名头稍响点，是林彪的参谋长刘亚楼。 中共的和谈代表一个都没来！ 张治中明显感到受到了冷遇。他过去长期参与国共谈判，与周恩来等私交不错，连毛泽东都称他为“老朋友”。对这次，他百思不得其解。 当晚6时，周