Chapter 2 Chapter One

On August 9, 1945, a new climax was set off on the Far East battlefield, and the finale of World War II began. The Post-Baikal Military District of the Soviet Red Army, the First Front Army in the Far East, the Second Front Army, the Pacific Fleet, and the Heilongjiang Fleet were organized into 11 combined armies, 1 tank army, 1 cavalry mechanized army, 3 air force armies, and 3 air defense armies. With a total force of 1.5 million, 26,000 cannons, 5,500 tanks, 3,800 aircraft, and 500 ships, they invaded Northeast China simultaneously from east, west, and north.The Japanese Kwantung Army, which has been entrenched in Northeast China for many years, has always been famous all over the world for its bravery and skillful combat, but at this time it has become the end of its strength.The Japanese army quickly collapsed under the devastating blow of the Soviet Red Army.

The once invincible Japanese warriors stepped into the final twilight, and the scarlet sun flags fell on the black land one after another. On the west road, Marshal Malinovsky led the main force of the Post-Baikal Front Army to attack from the eastern part of Mongolia, cross the desert, cross the Great Khingan Mountains, and drive straight in, as if entering no one's land. On August 19, the main forwards of the front army arrived in the suburbs of Changchun and Shenyang, the left wing captured Qiqihar, and the right wing advanced to Zhangbei, Chengde, Chifeng and other places, cutting off the connection between the Northeast and North China Japanese troops.

On the east road, Marshal Meretskov led the First Front Army of the Far East to fight the main force of the Japanese Kwantung Army.The Japanese army fought tenaciously, but the disparity in military strength was so great that the frontline positions collapsed rapidly.As soon as the armored forces of the two sides came into contact, the outcome was a foregone conclusion.The armor of the Japanese tanks was too thin, and it became a hornet's nest if it was swept away by the Soviet anti-aircraft machine guns.On the contrary, the armor of Soviet tanks was so strong that even Japanese artillery shells could not penetrate it. On August 17, the Soviet army captured Boli and Tumen, and on the 19th captured Dunhua and Wangqing.

On the north road, General Pulkayev led the Second Far East Army to forcibly cross the Ussuri River and Heilongjiang.With the support of the Heilongjiang Fleet, the main force went down along the Songhua River; after the right wing captured Yuanhui City, it marched towards Nenjiang; the left wing approached Baoqing. On August 19, the Soviet Army on the North Road even defeated Jiamusi and Yilan and approached Harbin, Bei'an, and Qiqihar. On August 19, Soviet paratroopers airborne in the three major cities of Harbin, Changchun and Shenyang. On August 20, the Soviet paratroopers airborne in Shuangliao, Liaoyuan, Yanji, Jilin, Dalian, Lushun and other cities at the same time.The East and West Soviet armies joined forces in Harbin, Changchun, and Shenyang.

On August 31, the Soviet Army liberated the entire Northeast. The Japanese are done talking, which is beyond people's expectations. On August 9, the news that the Soviet army sent troops to the Northeast spread quickly throughout Yan'an City through the radio, which made people sleepless at night with excitement.At that time, most of the senior CCP generals were in Yan'an, and they had not had time to return to their respective bases after participating in the "Seventh National Congress".Everyone was gearing up, thinking about how to rush back to the troops to participate in the big counterattack against Japan. Unexpectedly, the next day came the news that the Japanese government had issued a begging note to the allies.

This is undoubtedly like a boulder falling into a deep pool, making Mao Zedong, who has a strong poetic temperament, no longer calm.It was Mao Zedong's expectation that the Soviet army sent troops to the Northeast and Japan to beg for surrender, but it was beyond his expectation that it all happened so suddenly. On June 24, he also estimated in a telegram to leaders everywhere that it would take about a year and a half to defeat Japanese imperialism.Unexpectedly, as soon as the Soviet Union sent troops, Japan surrendered.The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China knew nothing about the Soviet Union sending troops.During the Anti-Japanese War, the relationship between Mao Zedong and Moscow was somewhat delicate.The Soviet Union signed the "Soviet-Japanese Neutrality Treaty" with Japan in order to prevent Germany and Japan from being attacked from the east and the west. However, Stalin understood that this treaty was as unreliable as the "German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact". The army contained the Japanese army.During the "World War II", the Soviet Union assisted Chiang Kai-shek with US$170 million in weapons and equipment, including heavy weapons such as airplanes, cannons, and tanks, while the aid to Yan'an was some books and medicines.Chinese and foreign journalists in Yan'an commented: "All the weapons were given to the Kuomintang, and Marxism-Leninism to the Communist Party."

Despite this, Chiang Kai-shek did not buy into Moscow's account. Stalin only thought of Yan'an's "little brother" every time at the critical moment when the Japanese army was gathering on the Soviet border.Stalin waved his baton and ordered Mao Zedong to launch an offensive against the Japanese army in North China in order to hold back the Japanese.Mao Zedong was not a leader of the Communist Party who only obeyed the order of the Communist International. He rejected Stalin's "order": the military technology and equipment of the enemy and ours are too different, and our manpower, material resources, regions, and ammunition are becoming increasingly difficult. not very big.If we act regardless of all sacrifices, we may be defeated and unable to hold on to the base area for a long time, which is disadvantageous in every respect.Our operations will be more effective if we increase our armament of ammunition, machine guns, artillery and explosives.

While rejecting Stalin's order, Mao Zedong hinted at the partiality of "Big Brother": Yan'an desperately needed "ammunition, machine guns, cannons, and explosives," and you gave them all to Chiang Kai-shek. The awkwardness between Mao Zedong and Stalin happened in July 1941. At that time, the Japanese Kwantung Army held a large-scale exercise code-named "Guan Special Performance" in the Northeast. It was the early stage of the Soviet-German War.In the autumn of this year, the German army was approaching Moscow, and the Soviet Union received information that as soon as the German army captured Moscow, Japan would immediately attack the Soviet Far East.Stalin was very nervous and called Mao Zedong, requesting to send part of the main force of the Eighth Route Army to move towards the Great Wall to contain the Japanese army.Mao Zedong called back, saying that it was difficult to mobilize troops.It was the most difficult period of the War of Resistance Against Japan: the Japanese army carried out frenzied "sweeping" of various base areas, and the Chiang Kai-shek government declared the New Fourth Army as a "rebel army" as early as after the "Southern Anhui Incident", not only stopped paying the Eighth Route Army, ammunition and uniforms, etc. supplies, and also mobilized 500,000 troops to implement military encirclement and economic blockade on the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region and other base areas behind enemy lines.Although what Mao Zedong said was true, he rejected Stalin's "order" after all.

At the end of 1942, during the Battle of Stalingrad, Soviet intelligence believed that the Japanese army was about to attack the Soviet Union.Stalin was in a hurry again, and called Mao Zedong three times to ask for support.In the first telegram, he said that he would prepare new weapons that could equip one or two divisions, and asked Mao Zedong to send corresponding troops to the Mongolian border area to pick them up.Mao Zedong replied: "Of course we need weapons, but it is impossible to mobilize one or two divisions to the Mongolian border to receive weapons." Because large troops will be spotted by the enemy air force and wiped out when they pass through the vast grasslands.This plan is unrealistic.

Soon, Stalin called for the second time, proposing to send small troops to the Mongolian border in batches to receive weapons in turn.Mao Zedong again refused. At the beginning of 1943, Stalin called again, requesting that several divisions be deployed on the front lines inside and outside the Great Wall.This time, after careful consideration, Mao Zedong decided to send Luo Ruiqing, Yang Chengwu, and Lu Zhengcao to move closer to the Great Wall and wait for an opportunity to infiltrate into the hinterland of the Northeast.Soon, the situation of the Soviet-German war reversed, and the Soviet army turned from defense to counter-offensive. Stalin no longer needed the military support of his "little brothers" in Yan'an.

The "misunderstanding" between Moscow and Yan'an was far more than this. For example, on the issue of the united front, the Soviet Union advocated "all subject to the united front", that is to say, the CCP should completely obey the Chiang Kai-shek government, while Mao Zedong advocated "independence".When frictions broke out between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, Moscow was afraid that the united front would be broken, and blindly asked Yan'an to be patient.On the issue of rectification in Yan'an, Stalin thought it was a sectarian struggle and intended to purge Wang Ming, Bo Gu and other "pro-Moscow factions", and called to persuade: "Don't engage in intra-party struggles, but unite comrades in the party to fight against Japan." Of course, Moscow and The "discomfort" between Yan'an was, after all, an internal conflict between the two proletarian parties. Mao Zedong believed that with the changes in the current situation, Stalin would definitely support the CCP.He predicted that after the war, the United States would definitely oppose the Soviet Union, and Chiang Kai-shek would definitely oppose the Communist Party.At the "Seventh National Congress" of the party, he once said to hundreds of representatives in the audience: "Do you believe it or not? Anyway, I believe it. International aid must come; if it does not come, kill my head." After the Soviet Union dispatched troops to the Northeast, Mao Zedong asked Sun Ping, the head of the Soviet Intelligence Group stationed in Yan'an, "Why didn't you say hello in advance?" Things are still very happy, after all, it is better for the Soviet Union to send troops to the northeast than for the US military to land on the southeast coast of China.At that time, there was still a U.S. military observation team stationed in Yan'an, and they announced in 1944 that U.S. troops would land on the coast of China.Mao Zedong has always been vigilant about the landing of the US military.He mentioned the "Greek incident" many times in several meetings of the "Seventh National Congress"-the Hellenic Communist guerrillas were disarmed by the British landing force.He worried that the US landing force would do the same.Because the U.S. policy toward China is to support Chiang and oppose the Communist Party.He reminded the delegates that such a situation might arise: the United States and Chiang Kai-shek blockade along the Great Wall to cut off the connection between the CCP and the Soviet Union; Get Weapon Aid.He said: "From the perspective of our party and the future of the Chinese revolution, the Northeast is particularly important. If we lose all our existing bases, as long as we have the Northeast, then the Chinese revolution will have a solid foundation." .” His original motive for seizing the Northeast was to defeat the US-Chiang blockade.Unexpectedly, the Soviet army actually came and entered China before the US army.Mao Zedong stared at the northeast corner of the map of China, and the landscape of white mountains and black water immediately appeared in front of his eyes.A few hours ago, the Second Bureau of the Military Commission sent a document about the basic situation in Northeast China. It stated that the industry in Northeast China is well developed. Its coal output accounts for nearly half of the country’s total, its power generation accounts for 80% of the country’s total, and its steel output accounts for nearly 90%. Convenience ranks first in the country, with 14,000 kilometers of railways and 108,000 kilometers of roads; its agriculture and forestry are very developed, and it has the reputation of "granary" and "forest". When Dai Li, the leader of the military command, hurried into Building No. 1 of the cave forest garden with his briefcase under his arm, Chiang Kai-shek took a breath like a toothache.Dai Li discovered that Chiang Kai-shek was listening to the Yan'an radio station.He hesitated at the door, but still couldn't help calling out softly: "Commissioned seat." Chiang Kai-shek turned off the radio and said to Dai Li, "Yunong, what new information do you have?" Dai Li opened the briefcase, took out a stack of materials and handed it to Chiang Kai-shek. "Zhu De issued seven orders to order the bandit army to launch a major counterattack..." "Fuck back!" Chiang Kai-shek flipped through the documents angrily, "Japan has begged for surrender from the Allies..." When he read Zhu De's second order ("...the former Lu Zhengcao Division of the Northeast Army marched from Shanxi and Suiyuan to Chahar and Rehe; the former Zhang Xuesi Division of the Northeast Army marched from Hebei and Chahar to the Rehe and Liaoning marched; the former Wanyi Division of the Northeast Army marched from Shandong and Hebei to Liaoning; Li Yunchang's troops currently stationed on the border of Hebei, Rehe, and Liaoning marched to Jilin." ), trembling all over. "The Communist Party wants to occupy the Northeast, but it can't be done!" Chiang Kai-shek is a very shrewd person, and he immediately realized the seriousness of the matter: Nurhachi laid the foundation for the Manchus to rule the Central Plains.Today's Northeast is not only fertile and wild, but also has a strong industry.If the Northeast falls into the hands of "communist bandits", then the "poor party" will get rich overnight and multiply in strength.Moreover, the Northeast borders the Soviet Union. Once the "communist bandits" occupy the area, not only can they get rid of the unfavorable situation of long-term blockade and siege, but also get assistance from Stalin... Chiang Kai-shek visited the Soviet Union, witnessed the huge military machine of the Soviet Union, and experienced the power of Stalin.He himself established the "Whampoa Foundation" relying on the support of the Soviet Union. In 1927, the army led by him and Feng Yuxiang overthrew the rule of the Beiyang warlords, and both National Revolutionary Armies benefited from the assistance of the Soviet Union.When Chiang Kai-shek thought of Stalin, he complained endlessly: that is really a terrible opponent! Chiang Kai-shek continued to read the information, and when he saw that the New Fourth Army publicly announced that Su Yu was the mayor of Nanjing and Liu Changsheng was the mayor of Shanghai, he was furious. "Immediately send this information to Ambassador Hurley and General Wedemeyer, and ask MacArthur, in the name of the supreme commander of the Allied Forces, to order the Japanese troops in China to surrender to the Nationalist Government and the Central Army. Before the arrival of the Central Army, local law and order must be maintained. Resist all illegal armed attacks." "Commissioner, the current strategic situation is not good for me. The main force of the national army is concentrated in the southwest corner, while the Communist bandits are spread all over the vast areas of North China, Central China, and South China." ?” Chiang Kai-shek said without hesitation: "As long as they abandon the dark and turn to the bright, make meritorious deeds, and resist the attack of the Communist army, the past will be forgotten." Dai Li took out a list from his bag, and said proudly: "The military command's instigation work against the top elements of the puppet Wang is well established. Zhou Fohai, Ren Yuandao, Pang Bingxun, Sun Dianying, Sun Liangcheng, Zhang Lanfeng, Men Zhizhong, etc. have all reported to me. He made it clear that he would listen to the instructions of the commissioner at any time. Although these people are national scum, they are like-minded with us on the point of anti-communism.” Under Dai Li's suggestion, Chiang Kai-shek successively appointed Zhou Fohai as the commander-in-chief of the Shanghai Military Commission; Luo Junqiang as the deputy commander-in-chief, responsible for maintaining "law and order" in the Shanghai-Hangzhou area; Wu Huawen, Zhang Lanfeng, and Men Zhizhong were the commander-in-chiefs of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th advance troops respectively.So these puppet generals transformed into senior generals of the national army. "The 'Chairman' is going down the mountain now! Over the past eight years, we have changed positions with Chiang Kai-shek: we used to be on the mountain, and he was by the water. During the Anti-Japanese War, we were behind the enemy lines, and he went up the mountain. Now he is going down the mountain, going down the mountain Come to snatch the fruits of victory in the War of Resistance.” Mao Zedong delivered an impassioned speech in front of hundreds of CCP cadres.This happened on August 13, 1945. What Chiang Kai-shek has done in recent days has deeply angered Mao Zedong and his soldiers. On August 11, Chiang Kai-shek ordered all troops across the country to implement the alliance agreement and began to participate in the surrender of Japan.The only exception is the telegram to Zhu De, Commander-in-Chief of the Eighteenth Army Group: "All the units of the Group Army should be stationed on standby; the troops in the combat territory of each theater should also accept the jurisdiction of the commander of the theater. The government Matters such as the disarming of enemy troops, the accommodation of enemy prisoners, the handling of puppet troops, the restoration of order in the recovered areas, and the exercise of political power have all been decided as a whole and implemented by order. In order to maintain the dignity of national orders and abide by the common regulations of allies, It is important for all troops not to act without authorization!" On August 12, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Sun Liangcheng, a puppet general who was surrounded by the Eighth Route Army, as the commander-in-chief of the advance army.They not only prevented the CCP's anti-Japanese armed forces from attacking the strategic areas occupied by the Japanese and puppets, but also aggressively encroached on the liberated areas in the name of the Central Army. Driven by Chiang Kai-shek, the regular army of the Kuomintang invaded the liberated areas.Suiyuan Fu Zuoyi's Department invaded and occupied Baotou, which the Eighth Route Army had recaptured from the Japanese army on August 11, and continued to invade Nie Rongzhen's Department along Pingsui Road.The armed forces of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party clashed fiercely.Hu Zongnan, who besieged the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, dispatched 6 divisions to attack the Guanzhong area on July 21. The troops in the border region launched a counterattack on August 8. Hu's troops were severely injured, and the battle is still going on. CCP leaders such as Mao Zedong were clearly aware that an unprecedented civil war was coming.In order to remind the party, government and military cadres to realize this, Mao Zedong turned over Chiang Kai-shek's old account with a very contagious Hunan accent. He said: "How did Chiang Kai-shek come to power? It was by the Northern Expedition, by the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, by At that time, the people hadn’t figured out his details, and they still supported him. When he came to power, instead of thanking the people, he slapped the people down, and pushed the people into a sea of ​​blood in the ten-year civil war.” Mao paused for a moment, lit a cigarette, took a deep puff, and continued with his famous speech: "Chiang Kai-shek always forced the people to accept war. He held a knife in his left hand and a knife in his right. We will follow his The way is to pick up the knife... Now Chiang Kai-shek is already sharpening the knife, so we must also sharpen the knife!" Amidst Mao Zedong's impassioned speech, other leaders of the Communist Party of China were hurrying to carry out their respective work.Holding a red and blue pencil, Liu Shaoqi reviewed the proof of the Yan'an "Liberation Daily" that day.There is an editorial on it, written by Mao Zedong.The article is sharp, spicy and full of wit.Liu Shaoqi smiled from time to time. ... Commander-in-Chief Zhu De, based on the Potsdam Proclamation and the enemy's intention to surrender, ordered his troops to urge the enemy and puppets to surrender, but it was wrong. It was right and legal to persuade the enemy and puppets to refuse to surrender.No wonder the Chinese fascist leader Chiang Kai-shek dared to order the anti-Japanese troops in the Liberated Areas to "stay where they are and stand by" before the enemy actually accepted the surrender, and let the enemy fight with their hands tied.No wonder the same fascist leader dared to "order" the so-called underground army (in fact, the puppet army that practiced curves to save the country and the Dai Li special agents who joined the enemy and the puppet) and the puppet army "responsible for maintaining local law and order", and did not allow the anti-Japanese troops in the liberated areas to "Act without authorization" to the enemy and puppets.Such an inversion of the enemy and the enemy can really be regarded as the confession by Chiang Kai-shek himself, vividly depicting all his psychology of colluding with the enemy and puppet and eliminating dissidents... They found Commander Zhu De to order the enemy and puppet to surrender and disarm as an excuse.Is this also a clever excuse?No, making excuses like this is just to prove that the Kuomintang reactionaries regard the enemy and puppets as more friendly than their compatriots, and regard their compatriots as more hateful than the enemy and puppets... Zhu De is wearing a pair of presbyopic glasses and signing the telegram to Chiang Kai-shek.The telegram was drafted with a brush, and it was written in a flying style. This unparalleled cursive calligraphy was also written by Mao Zedong. Of course, the end of the telegram is signed "Zhu De".The telegram is as follows: Mao Zedong threw the cigarette butt on the ground, waved his strong and slightly blunt left hand, and raised his voice again: "Chiang Kai-shek wants to start a civil war on a national scale. His policy has been set. We must be prepared for it. No matter what day the national civil war We have to be ready for the outbreak, earlier, let’s fight tomorrow morning, we are also preparing!” These days, Mao Zedong worked intensely all day and all night, sometimes drafting telegrams to issue orders to the liberated areas, and sometimes flipping through the documents sent by the Military Commission, frowning and thinking.He smoked one after another, and the cave was filled with the acrid smell of tobacco.The situation is changing with dizzying speed. On August 14, Chiang Kai-shek suddenly called to invite him to go to Chongqing to "discuss the state affairs".Mao Zedong knew that this was a "peace smoke screen" cast by Lao Jiang, with the purpose of paralyzing opponents and stepping up preparations for war.He laughed at it, ignored it, and continued to order the liberated areas to counterattack the Japanese and puppets, confiscated weapons and assets, and prepared to deal with civil war. On August 15, Japan announced its surrender.On the same day, the troops of the Soviet Union and Outer Mongolia occupied Duolun and Zhangbei.Mao Zedong ordered the Eighth Route Army of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region to take the opportunity to seize the cities of Datong, Taiyuan, and Beiping in order to create a favorable situation in which Sumeng could control most of North China.The issue of fighting for the Northeast is what he thinks about the most, but he doesn't know the attitude of the Soviet Union, so he dare not make big moves. On August 11, Xinhua News Agency publicly released Commander-in-Chief Zhu De’s No. 2 order, ordering Lu Zhengcao, Zhang Xuesi, Wan Yi, Li Yunchang and other ministries to march to the northeast. Lv, Zhang, and Wanbu are going to the four provinces immediately..." Recently, it was reported that Song Ziwen signed the "Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance" with the Soviet Union in Moscow. The specific content of the treaty is still unknown. What promises did you make? While Mao Zedong was thinking hard, Liu Shaoqi pushed the door in and said excitedly, "Chairman, I have some good news for you. A cavalry force from the 12th Division of the Hebei-Chahar Military Region was disarmed by the Soviet troops stationed in Zhangbei..." "What are you talking about?" Mao Zedong asked in surprise, "It's still good news to be disarmed!" "I didn't make it clear, it's like this..." Liu Shaoqi laughed, "The cavalry team was ordered by the Jicha Military Region to go to Zhangbei on its own initiative and prepare to cooperate with the Soviet army. Unexpectedly, the motorized troops of the Soviet army rushed forward. They were all disarmed without any explanation. After explaining the truth, a colonel of the Soviet Army said that it turned out to be the Eighth Route Army led by the Communist Party. They had misunderstood and returned their weapons. The colonel also said that the Eighth Route Army was not a regular army. Why did they dress in various ways? , Weapons of different lengths?" Mao Zedong couldn't help laughing and said: "It seems that the officers and soldiers of the Soviet army don't know us too well. But this incident can be regarded as a balloon we released unintentionally. It tested that the Soviet army at least does not object to contact with the Eighth Route Army." "Yeah, so I say good news." "It seems that it's time to take action in the Northeast." Mao Zedong put out the cigarette butt and wrote quickly: Liu Shaoqi watched Mao Zedong finish drafting the telegram, and reminded him: "Chiang Kai-shek called again today, asking you to go to Chongqing. How should I answer him?" "That's a Hongmen banquet! Think about it for two days before discussing it." Mao Zedong put down his brush, lit a cigarette, and began to puff again. "Lao Jiang now has the advantage in diplomacy and internal affairs. He is orthodox, and he is only recognized internationally. Another The wartime leader and the commander-in-chief of the Chinese theater can issue orders. However, he knows in his heart that the Soviet Union's set is just diplomatic rhetoric. In fact, the KMT and the Communist Party reflect the United States and the Soviet Union, and the Soviet Union cannot sincerely support him..." In the middle of the night, Sun Ping from the Soviet intelligence team sent an urgent telegram. Mao Zedong answered the telegram and read it, and was immediately furious.He undid the buttons on his chest and called for an immediate secretariat meeting. Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, and Ren Bishi rushed over. The secretaries were stunned after reading the telegram. It turned out that Stalin wanted Mao Zedong to go to Chongqing for negotiations.Liu Shaoqi said: "It seems that Chiang Kai-shek's two phone calls to invite the chairman to go to Chongqing for negotiations are not simple. They have an international background. We only thought of the United States at first, but we didn't expect the Soviet Union to be involved. It seems that we can't do it if we don't take it seriously. !" When Ren Bishi heard this, he waved his hands again and again: "I can't go to Chongqing! Chiang Kai-shek is famous for his hooliganism. In 1929, Li Jishen was imprisoned in Tangshan, Nanjing. In 1931, Hu Hanmin was put under house arrest. In 1937, Zhang Xueliang was imprisoned again..." Seeing Zhou Enlai's silence, Liu Shaoqi couldn't help but said, "Enlai, you have dealt with Chiang Kai-shek the most, what's your opinion?" Zhou Enlai twisted the two thick black eyebrows together, pondered for a moment, and said: "I understand Jiang's character, just as Bi Shi said, he is famous for his hooligan methods, and he dared to risk the world's disgrace, so detaining Zhang Xueliang is a good example." A typical example. This is just one side of his character, and there is still a weak side in his character. For example, he was particularly afraid of offending foreign powers. Before the War of Resistance, he was terribly afraid of the Japanese, and later he was afraid of the Americans. He did not agree with public opinion Ignore it, and sometimes try to gain fame. In short, he is by no means a simple character, otherwise, he would not be where he is today." Liu Shaoqi saw that Zhou Enlai had not made a clear statement, so he asked, "Should the chairman go or not?" Zhou Enlai raised his sword eyebrows: "Observe for a few days before we talk, and look at the attitudes of all parties." On August 22, Mao Zedong called Chiang Kai-shek: "For the sake of unity, I will send Comrade Zhou Enlai to pay homage first, and hope to contact him when he arrives." Chiang Kai-shek had his wishful thinking. He invited Mao Zedong to go to Chongqing for negotiations with three meanings: first, he expected that Mao Zedong would not have the courage. If Mao Zedong did not come, he could shift the responsibility for the civil war to the other party and gain a political advantage Second, if Mao Zedong dared to come here, he could force him to submit at the negotiating table and surrender without a fight, but this possibility is very small; third, he could use negotiations as a tactic to delay troops and step up the transfer of troops from the southwest Seize strategic locations and prepare for civil war.When he received Mao Zedong's official reply, he thought Mao Zedong was timid, so he went a step further, avoided Zhou Enlai, singled out Mao Zedong's generals, and sent a third "invitation": Go ahead to dangers.After the wise and courageous Mao Zedong made up his mind to go to Chongqing for negotiations, he began to talk with the heads of the various theaters in Yan'an, and taught him face-to-face opportunities.Mao Zedong warned them: "The confrontation on the negotiating table is the spittle and the pen-and-ink lawsuit. What really matters is the real knife and gun on the battlefield." "If the Kuomintang army attacks us, will our counterattack be seized by Chiang Kai-shek and harm the chairman?" someone asked worriedly. "No, the better you fight on the battlefield, the safer I will be." Mao Zedong replied, "Let Chiang Kai-shek see that I have a strong armed backing." On August 25, 1945, an American C-46 military aircraft took off from Yan'an Dongguan Airport and started the famous "8? 25" flight. The destination was Changning Airport in Licheng County, Shanxi Province, the hinterland of the Taihang Mountains.At that time, there was a U.S. military observation team stationed in Yan'an, and there were also members of the U.S. military observation team stationed in the Taihang Mountain base of the Eighth Route Army. Their main task was to collect intelligence on the Japanese army.U.S. military planes often travel between Yan'an and Taihang Mountains. In order to thank the Eighth Route Army for the convenience provided to them, U.S. military personnel often open the door of convenience to let the Eighth Route Army "take the opportunity".However, the U.S. military never expected that the door of convenience was opened too much this time, so that one of their ordinary flights was repeatedly written about by later historians.Because the "hitchhikers" are not ordinary people, but 21 senior CCP generals—Lin Biao, Liu Bocheng, Chen Yi, Deng Xiaoping, Bo Yibo, Teng Daiyuan, Zhang Jichun, Chen Geng, Xiao Jinguang, Chen Xilian, Chen Zaidao, Song Shilun, Yang Dezhi, Li Tianyou, Deng Hua , Fu Qiutao, Wang Jinshan, Jiang Hua, Nie Heting, Deng Keming, Huang Hua. In the CCP's "entrepreneurship history", the names of these people are covered with dazzling halos. Although they are plainly dressed and have no military rank marks, everyone has a noble temperament that oozes from their bones. The most active person on the plane was Chen Geng, a little general with a limping leg who was very humorous and made everyone lean forward and backward.Another active figure is Chen Yi with a happy face. He and Chen Geng sang together and cooperated quite tacitly. The most dignified was Liu Bocheng, a big man with a missing eye. Even when he was making wisecracks, he had a formidable military air, showing the good qualities of a formal military education. The most taciturn one was Lin Biao. He kept furrowing his thick eyebrows like dark clouds, as if he was thinking about something, and he remained unmoved despite the noise in the cabin.He went to Shandong to replace Luo Ronghuan, and Xiao Jinguang, Li Tianyou, Deng Hua, Jiang Hua, Nie Heting, Deng Keming and other generals accompanied him. After sending away Lin Biao and other generals, Mao Zedong convened another meeting of the Politburo in order to go to Chongqing for negotiations.He said at the meeting: "The Red Army does not enter the border, and the United States does not land. Formally, China solves the problem by itself, but in fact it is the three countries (the Soviet Union, the United States, and Britain) who intervene. None of the three countries wants a civil war in China. International pressure is not enough. It is beneficial to Jiang's dictatorship. So Chongqing can go, must go!" After the meeting, Mao Zedong drafted an internal party notice on going to Chongqing for negotiations in person.The telegram said: "As for the scope stipulated by the Sino-Soviet treaty in the three northeastern provinces, the administrative power is in the hands of the Kuomintang. Whether our party can send troops into activities is still uncertain. But there is no problem in sending cadres to work. Comrade Lin Feng led the rest of the cadres to the northeast." At this time, Mao Zedong knew that the Soviet Union would hand over the administrative power of the Northeast to the Kuomintang, and the possibility of the CCP monopolizing the Northeast seemed to disappear, but he still did not want to give up the strategic plan to seize the Northeast. On August 27, Mao Zedong had a long talk with Liu Shaoqi all night in the cave, giving them face-to-face instructions and explaining the plans to deal with various situations.Among them, the most talked about is still the issue of seizing the Northeast. On August 28, the Yan'an army and civilians gathered from Zaoyuan, Qiaoergou, Wangjiaping, Yangjialing, Xinshizai and other places to Dongguan Airport early in the morning.At around 10 am, the airport was already crowded with people.People waved slogans and colorful flags, carried rifles, and some children and old people held red-tasseled guns.This warm scene is unprecedented in the history of Yan'an. At 10:30, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, American Ambassador Hurley, and General Zhang Zhizhong, head of the Political Department of the Kuomintang Military Committee, arrived at the airport in three cars.The crowd suddenly burst into cheers like a mountain roar and a tsunami.The warm and spectacular scenes left a deep impression on Hurley and Zhang Zhizhong. Zhang Zhizhong sighed to Zhou Enlai: "Mao Zedong is the real leader of the people!" The next day, Liu Shaoqi issued instructions to the central bureaus according to Mao Zedong's deployment before his departure, officially kicking off the prelude to the fight for the Northeast and seize the opportunity. After Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai flew to Chongqing, the burden of the central government fell on the shoulders of Liu Shaoqi.Shrewd, capable, and pragmatic are the typical characteristics of Liu Shaoqi. He is not as imaginative as a poet like Mao Zedong.His down-to-earth, measured style is as accurate as clockwork.Every time he makes a decision, he must consider it comprehensively, and take into account the situation of all parties to be foolproof. He will not take risks when he is not sure.The struggle for the Northeast is a decisive part of the CCP's strategy, and of course it is the issue he has considered the most.After the cavalry in the twelfth division of the Hebei-Chahar military region were disarmed by the Soviet army, a similar situation occurred in part of the fourteenth division.Recently, he has often been fascinated by the statue of Stalin in the cave, trying to see into the inner world of his master in Moscow through those brown eyes.Of course, this is futile, and he can only judge Moscow's attitude from the reconnaissance report ahead. On September 7, 1945, after learning the news that the small unit in the 14th division had been disarmed, he suddenly had no idea, so he ordered the heads of the major divisions to suspend the deployment of more troops to the northeast, and at the same time send This decision was telegraphed to Mao and Zhou in Chongqing. After Mao Zedong received the call, he immediately called back to express his opposition and asked Liu Shaoqi to speed up the deployment of troops to the Northeast. Just when Liu Shaoqi convened a meeting of the secretariat to study Mao Zedong's telegram and there was no result, the two telegrams from the front made the leaders in the cave dwelling suddenly full of confidence. instructions. The first telegram came from the Jireliao Military Region, and Li Yunchang reported: The second telegram came from the Jiaodong Military Region. Xu Shiyou and Lin Hao reported: On September 11, Liu Shaoqi called the Shandong branch in the name of the central government: Liu Shaoqi attached great importance to the first-hand information from the front. Since receiving Li Yunchang's telegram on September 9, he has been looking forward to the latest news from Zeng Kelin's department. "Join forces with the Soviet army and fight together." This is what the leaders in Yan'an caves dreamed of. Once the dream comes true, they will naturally be overjoyed.Although it was greatly discounted and the scale was much smaller than originally expected, it still fulfilled the wish of "fighting side by side with the Soviet Army". Is this self-assessment by the low-level soldiers of the Soviet army, or does it have a high-level background in the Soviet army or a background in Moscow?Liu Shaoqi was speculating on the true meaning of the "Shanhaiguan Incident". Just as Liu Shaoqi was in distress, Zeng Kelin fell from the sky. On the morning of September 14, a small military aircraft landed suddenly at Yan'an Dongguan Airport.When the airport personnel saw the logo of the Soviet Red Army, they immediately reported to Yang Shangkun.Yang Shangkun found Wu Xiuquan, who is proficient in Russian, and the two drove to the airport to meet him.The sudden landing of the Soviet aircraft was against the rules. At that time, the aircrafts of the US military were the most frequented at Yan'an Airport, and they had to be contacted in advance.The Soviet plane circled over the airport for a while, and landed on the runway without waiting for the guidance of the ground crew.After the cabin door opened, three people came down, two of them were foreigners with high noses, and the other was a Chinese man in the uniform of the Eighth Route Army. Yang Shangkun and Wu Xiuquan went up to meet him, and the man in the uniform of the Eighth Route Army quickly introduced: "I am Zeng Kelin, commander of the 16th military division of the Jireliao Military Region, and this is Belluro, the representative of Marshal Malinovsky of the Soviet Red Army. Lieutenant Colonel Suof, this is Major Xie Deming, the interpreter." "Hey! Welcome, welcome..." Yang Shangkun couldn't help but beam with joy when he heard that, he hurriedly welcomed the distinguished guests into the car and drove towards Yan'an City. In the afternoon of the same day, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a Politburo meeting in Wangjiaping, Yan'an.Liu Shaoqi introduced to the leaders of the central government present at the meeting: "This is Comrade Zeng Kelin, our pioneer in the fight for the Northeast." Everyone applauded. Zeng Kelin quickly stood up and saluted the chiefs. It was the first time he saw so many central chiefs, and he seemed a little embarrassed. "Comrade Zeng Kelin, please sit down." Liu Shaoqi said cordially, "You have worked hard since you came back from the front line. The Northeast issue has been discussed by the Central Committee for many times, but it can't be settled because the situation is unclear. You came just in time. Please talk about the situation in the Northeast." , the more detailed the better." Zeng Kelin wiped the fine beads of sweat on his forehead with his sleeve, and began to report on the advance of the Sixteenth Division troops to the northeast—— On August 10, after Li Yunchang, the commander and political commissar of the Hebei Reliao Military Region, received the No. 2 order from the Yan'an Headquarters, he held an emergency meeting in Dawangzhuang, Fengrun County, Eastern Hebei, and decided to personally lead more than 13,000 main troops of the military region, and More than 2,500 local cadres marched in three routes to Rehe, Liaoning, and Jilin. The East consists of the 16th Army Sub-district, with a total of more than 2,500 people, led by Zeng Kelin, commander of the military sub-division, and Tang Kai, deputy political commissar. Starting on August 16, they successively conquered enemy and puppet strongholds such as Haiyang, Shuangwang, Zhangjiazhuang, and Taitouying along the way, and arrived at Shanhaiguan.In order to gain time and go deep into the hinterland of Northeast China as soon as possible, Zeng Kelin and Tang Kai decided to bypass the Shanhaiguan Pass occupied by the enemy and puppets, and cross the Great Wall from Jiumenkou to exit. 侦察参谋董占林带一个班走在最前面。8月29日下午，他们走到山海关以北40里的前所车站附近，一打听，守卫车站的日军风闻苏军将至，已南逃至山海关，车站只留有400多名伪满军，早成惊弓之鸟，不断将家眷和财物朝火车上搬，随时准备逃窜。 “敌人要逃跑，怎么办？”董占林是个经验丰富的老侦察员，他恐大部队到达之前敌人会先逃走，于是连忙写了一份通牒令，派一名侦察员送进敌人据点；又写了一封短信派人送给大部队，请曾克林、唐凯率部务必黄昏前赶到前所镇。 伪军头目将那名自称八路军的侦察员上下一打量，一时拿不定主意。侦察员穿的是便服，除了一支驳壳枪之外，跟当地老百姓没什么区别，不过，那份通牒令语气之强硬让他不敢小视。上面写着：“我八路军挺进东北，大部队已经将你们团团包围。日本鬼子已经向中国人民投降了，你们也不要再执迷不悟了。现在，我代表八路军东进部队命令你们，今日下午5时前，在村西集合向我军投降，我们既往不咎。如果顽抗，就坚决消灭！” 伪军头目思量再三，决定派一个人以谈判为名去探听虚实。 董占林见伪军谈判代表东张西望，心里就明白了。于是板起面孔，厉声喝道：“顽抗绝没有好下场！你们只有投降才是唯一的出路。如果不按时集合投降，我们就要发起总攻了！限你们一个小时作出答复。”那名伪军头目慑于董占林的气势，点头连连唱喏。 下午5时左右，400多名伪军举着白旗在镇西洼地集合，向董占林等七八名便衣八路军投降了。 一个小时后，曾、唐率部跑步赶来，前所车站这个山海关外的第一个大据点就这样轻易拿下了。 当晚，曾克林接到报告，说南下的苏军先头小分队明天将经过前所。就要和老大哥会师啦！曾、唐二人兴奋异常，吩咐炊事班连夜杀猪宰羊。 次日清早，曾、唐率部分人马排成四路纵队，准备夹道欢迎苏军，司号员组成的军乐队排在队伍前列，太阳升起一竿子高的时候，东边的公路上尘土飞扬，汽车的引擎声由远而近，五辆汽车风驰电掣，转瞬便到了跟前。曾克林下令欢迎，顿时掌声四起，军号声响彻云霄。 苏军官兵被眼前的一幕搞蒙了，惊奇地打量着车下的“杂牌武装”。坐在吉普车上的上校一挥手，卡车上的士兵纷纷跳下，端着转盘冲锋枪如狼似虎地吼着半生不熟的中国话：“缴枪！缴枪……” 曾克林惊诧地说：“他们要缴枪，不是大水冲了龙王庙吗？都是马列队伍嘛！” “看来他们是误会了，”唐凯一把拉着曾克林朝吉普车走去，“我们去解释。” 苏军士兵端着枪不让曾、唐二人靠近吉普车。曾克林急得抓耳挠腮，不知说什么好，对这些老外说什么都是对牛弹琴。唐凯急中生智一捋袖子，露出右臂上当红军时刺的镰刀锤子图案——这是共产党通用的徽标。苏军官兵终于明白了，这是中国共产党的武装。双方消除了误会，顿时一起欢呼：“斯大林万岁！毛泽东乌拉！” 中午，八路军将白米饭和猪肉炖粉条端到苏军官兵面前，那些头发打卷儿的“老大哥”将脑袋摇得像货郎的拨浪鼓，原来不对口味。费了半天劲搞了些土豆和煮鸡蛋，才让他们满意。 这支苏军小分队人不多，只有70余人，但武器装备不错，除了他们手中拿的冲锋枪、机枪之外，汽车后面还拖着两门战防炮。曾、唐二人合计，借“老大哥”的炮，杀回马枪去攻打山海关。苏军上校一听，说他做不了主，要向上级请示。第二天，上校满面笑容地对曾克林说：“上级同意攻占山海关。山海关是万里长城的著名要塞，攻占它具有政治意义。” “真是太好啦！”曾克林握着上校的手，“我们两支无产阶级军队终于有机会并肩战斗啦！” 这次同样是先礼后兵，双方各派三人为代表去向山海关日军下“受降通牒”。苏方由一名中尉、一名会日语的翻译、一名战士组成。八路军方面由侦察参谋郑公然、参谋董占林、敌工干事马齐勇组成。六人乘吉普车直奔山海关城门。 守卫山海关的日军远远见一辆挂着苏联国旗的吉普车驶来，连忙紧闭城门。当时，日本政府已宣布投降，他们慑于苏军的强大不敢贸然开枪。吉普车在城门前停下，苏军中尉带着翻译前去谈判，叫其余人不要下车。荷枪实弹的日军士兵在城墙上来回走动，任凭苏军中尉用石头擂门就是不理会。过了一个小时，中尉累了，气得骂了一阵，正转身准备上车回去，城门开了。 十几名日军士兵簇拥着一名大佐出来了。大佐躬身请苏军中尉上城谈判。双方代表来到一座古色古香的小楼，这是古代专供交战双方使者谈判的地方。苏军中尉拿出通牒往桌上一拍。那大佐是中国通，不用翻译也能看懂： 大佐看完通牒，说了一大堆废话，不断请苏军代表喝茶、抽烟，就是不表明态度。苏军中尉见对方满脸堆笑、态度挺好，以为日军已接受了令其投降的要求。谁料这是日本人的缓兵之计，就在谈判的同时，日本人正在火车站集结，准备逃往秦皇岛。当时，驻山海关的日军有1000多人，另有文职人员和眷属2000多人，这么多人要带贵重物品逃往秦皇岛不是一件容易的事。日军大佐故意拖延时间，苏军中尉见对方不断给自己倒水，却不谈正题，终于忍不住了：“你们对此通牒抱何态度？” 大佐收敛笑容，挺起腰板慢条斯理地说：“山海关属华北地区，不归'满洲国'管辖，我们奉华北派遣军司令官之命，只能向中国中央政府军投降。” 苏军中尉一听顿时满面怒容，说：“好吧！我们会让大炮说话的！”说完拂袖而去。 8月30日黄昏，八路军和苏军对山海关发起攻击，战至深夜，解放了山海关全城。此时日军已大部逃至秦皇岛，少部担负阻击任务的日军被全歼，俘日军200余人、伪军1000余人。 山海关是关内通往东北的战略要地，拿下这座号称“天下第一关”的要塞，为后续部队进入东北赢得了宝贵的时间。随后，第十六分区部队改乘火车向东北进发。当时铁路由苏军控制，山海关之战结下的战斗情谊使苏军大开方便之门。列车每到一站，曾、唐便留下少量部队和地方干部接管该地。 9月4日，曾克林部乘火车抵达辽西重镇锦州。曾、唐二人在车站与苏军负责人交涉，要求留下一个团接管锦州伪满政权，苏军代表满口答应。曾、唐二人又马不停蹄率部向沈阳进发。 9月5日，这列遍插彩旗、贴满标语的火车在官兵们的极度兴奋中开进东北名城沈阳。谁料火车一停，全副武装的苏军一拥而上，将列车团团包围。八路军战士看到站台上那些黑洞洞的枪口傻眼了。 曾克林和唐凯等人商量，决定找苏军驻沈阳卫戍司令交涉。那位司令名叫卡夫通，脾气大得很，一见曾克林便厉声责问：“你们是什么军队？从哪里来？是谁叫你们来的？” “我们是中国共产党领导的八路军，毛泽东、朱德的部队，是从冀热辽抗日根据地来的。我们奉延安总部命令进军东北，配合苏军作战，我们要收复失地，接管东北。” 曾克林带去的翻译水平低，结结巴巴翻译了半天也没让卡夫通明白。卡夫通少将脾气更大了，说：“根据《雅尔塔协定》和《中苏友好同盟条约》，最高统帅部是不会同意你们这支没有军衔的部队进驻沈阳的。”说完手一挥，不容曾克林继续解释，便拂袖而去。 曾克林回到车上与唐凯商量对策，决定再找卡夫通交涉。第二次会面，翻译问题解决了，马利诺夫斯基元帅总部的宣传部长来了，他是个“中国通”，他劝曾克林率部离去。 “八路军是国民党政府承认的合法军队，有权接受日寇投降，接管东北。”曾克林耐心解释说，“我认为这并不违背《雅尔塔协定》和《中苏友好同盟条约》。” 卡夫通少将见曾克林不听劝告，又发了一通脾气：“你们不肯离去是你们自己的事，我绝不允许你们下车！” 曾克林见软的不行，态度也强硬起来：“你们是苏联共产党和斯大林领导的军队，我们是中国共产党和毛泽东领导的部队，双方的共同目标是解放全人类，是同志！你为什么老发脾气？” 卡夫通紧绷着脸，任凭曾克林说什么，就是不准下车。 第三次交涉，曾、唐一起来。八路军指战员在车上停留了整整一天，又饥又渴，连上厕所都成了问题。曾、唐二人已失去了耐心，脾气一点不比卡夫通小。 “八路军进军东北是中国共产党和毛泽东的命令，如果你们不相信，可以向莫斯科询问。” 卡夫通听到“莫斯科”三个字，顿时软了，此时才意识到这件事并不简单，闹不好要捅大娄子。于是同意八路军下车，进驻沈阳城郊的苏家屯。 曾克林松了一口气，虽然进不了城，但毕竟踏入了东北腹地。苏军不是怪我们没军衔，不像正规军吗？换装！此时火车上载有沿途各站收缴的日军装备。 曾克林下令换装，不要再让“老大哥”瞧不起。 2000多人的部队焕然一新，全部换上了日军的黄军服，钢盔锃亮，枪刺耀目，队伍整齐。八路军就以这样威武的形象出现在了沈阳市民的面前。 当了十几年亡国奴的沈阳百姓，乍闻中国军队开到，喜出望外，纷纷拥上街头欢迎八路军。彩旗飞舞，口号声震天动地，场面十分感人。 八路军如此深得人心，令苏军官兵十分意外。卡夫通突然改变了决定，派两名上校乘吉普车追赶八路军。在队伍最前面，两位上校见到曾克林和唐凯，说：“你们不要去苏家屯了，将军请你们进驻沈阳故宫东面的小河沿。” 第十六分区部队就这样进驻了沈阳市区。 9月7日，两名苏军上校来请曾、唐二人去卫戍司令部：“斯大林和莫洛托夫来电，说你们是毛泽东、共产党的队伍，将军请二位前去叙谈。” 曾克林、唐凯来到卡夫通的司令部，发现请他们叙谈的“将军”并非卡夫通少将，而是近卫军第六集团军司令克拉夫钦科大将。 “你们来沈阳，我们没有去车站欢迎，很对不起。”克拉夫钦科大将满面笑容，和蔼可亲，与卡夫通大相径庭。不过，此时陪坐的卡夫通少将也变得可爱多了。大将解释道：“我们受条约和美英等国限制，不得不这样做。” 事隔半个世纪后，史学界有人指出，苏军突然改变态度其实与错综复杂的国际关系有关，并非卡夫通见八路军队列走得好就改变了主意。9月5日，美军在青岛、天津、秦皇岛登陆，此事大大刺激了斯大林，莫斯科开始对八路军进入东北持宽松态度。 克拉夫钦科大将主动称曾、唐为同志，说：“我们是同志式的谈话。” 在苏军的支持下，八路军在沈阳成立了卫戍司令部，曾、唐分任司令员和政委，宣布对沈阳实行军事管制，并在三天之内解除伪满军警1.5万余人的武装，迫使伪满洲国兵旅5000多人投降。9月9日又成立了沈阳市临时人民政府。 八路军在沈阳的公开活动，很快引起了外交纠纷，苏联又陷入被动。苏联远东军总司令华西列夫斯基元帅不得不与延安打交道，以协调中共在东北的活动。此时在长春有一位声名显赫的中共老党员，他就是东北抗日联军首领周保中。“抗联”急于与党中央接通关系，周保中建议派飞机去延安。华西列夫斯基元帅高兴地说：“我们想到一起去了。” 9月14日，这架飞机载着曾克林飞抵延安。 曾克林讲完第十六分区部队出关的经历后，将“抗联”领导人冯仲云的信转交中央。这无疑又是一桩从天而降的喜事！“抗联”从1936年就与党中央失去了联系，时隔这么多年，没想到他们突然钻了出来，而且是在争夺东北的关键时刻。 “抗联”是“九一八”事变后中共领导的在东北的抗日武装，其全盛时期达3万多人。后来在日军的疯狂“围剿”下，各部相继失败。1940年冬，余部在周保中、李兆麟等率领下陆续退入苏联境内。1942年8月1日，在苏联远东军的帮助下，“抗联”余部改编为“苏联红军远东方面军第88独立步兵旅”。他们在大森林里进行特种训练，几乎人人都会跳伞、滑雪、游泳、攀岩，相当一部分人还会电台收发报、照相、测绘、爆破等侦察技术。他们不断派遣游击小分队回国搜集日本关东军的情报，如关东军17个筑垒区的军事意图、设施、码头、飞机场、飞机架数、机库数量、伪装情况、边界兵力部署…… 从1942年春至1945年7月，这种侦察活动从未间断，成为苏联远东军司令部最重要的情报来源。“抗联”为此付出了惨重代价。苏军出兵东北前将这些情报经过精心处理，制成手册，连以上军官人手一册。前远东军总司令阿巴纳辛克元帅曾握着周保中的手说：“感谢你们用生命和鲜血换来的宝贵情报，佩服中国的英雄们！” 纳粹德国投降后，苏军开始部署对日作战，周保中几乎参加了远东军司令部召开的所有军事会议。1945年7月，“抗联”派出340人作为先遣支队到苏军，进行统一军事训练。其中160人分到第一方面军，80人分到第二方面军，100人分到后贝加尔湖方面军，他们作为先头部队的向导去执行特种作战任务。 7月底，“抗联”又派遣290人空降到东北各战略要地附近，潜入敌后执行战前侦察任务。 这两批人员后来大多牺牲，生存者寥寥无几。两批先遣人员离去后，“抗联”仅剩战斗人员400余人。8月9日晨，周保中召开动员大会，向大家宣布了苏联对日宣战的消息，顿时群情激昂，个个摩拳擦掌，准备杀回老家为死难烈士报仇。 8月11日，一艘军舰驶近黑龙江边。周保中立即按预定方案召集部队准备登舰渡江，杀回国内。这时，苏军方面突然送来一份电报： 斯大林的电报令江边的“抗联”将士激动不已，他们按捺住求战的欲望，决定按斯大林的指示制订“建设东北”的计划。8月15日，日本宣布无条件投降。周保中等人拿出了一个雄心勃勃的方案，计划抢在国民党之前，控制长春、沈阳、哈尔滨等57个重要城市，重建东北各地党组织，建立政权和人民武装。根据这一方案，将400多人分为57个进驻小组，每组按城市大小多则10人，少则1人。 这一方案电报莫斯科后，立即获得苏联最高统帅部的同意。苏联最高统帅部决定方案中57个城市的卫戍司令由苏方担任，其副司令由“抗联”派人担任，苏方支持“抗联”进行建党、建军、建政工作。8月中下旬，“抗联”以苏军卫戍副司令的身份顺利进驻了57个城市。周保中到达长春后，华西列夫斯基元帅当天就来看望“老战友”。 “元帅同志，我要扩军，你要支持我武器。” 元帅笑道：“武器我有的是，你要多少就拿多少吧！能拿走的归你，剩下的归我。咱们的战利品彼此分用。条约没有规定战利品要交国民党，我只能把武器仓库和长春市交给他们。” 元帅立即签署命令，凡苏军把守的武器库，只要有周保中的批条均可任其搬运。 周保中也毫不含糊，向11个大中城市的卫戍副司令员下达了十万火急令：“抢运武器，扩充军队。” 苏军在长春运输队的汽车不分昼夜地帮“抗联”运送武器。后来这些武器大部分装备了新扩编的部队和进入东北的八路军。 此时，东北局势极为混乱，各种势力均在积极活动，其中以国民党名义组织的所谓“先遣军”“挺进军”等反动武装者居多。为了打压这些反动势力，周保中等“抗联”领导人以其得天独厚的优势抓紧开展以“建军”为中心的“三建”工作。 9月10日，担任苏军沈阳卫戍副司令的“抗联”将领冯仲云，电告周保中：“冀热辽军区李运昌部的先头部队曾克林已率三千人进驻沈阳。” 得此喜讯，周保中立即拜会华西列夫斯基元帅，令东北苏军总司令马利诺夫斯基元帅备好飞机，并派贝鲁罗索夫中校和谢德明少校飞往沈阳。9月14日，飞机载着曾克林飞抵延安。 贝鲁罗索夫中校钻进窑洞，一眼便认出了八路军总司令朱德，他连忙挺直微驼的身体行了一个标准的军礼。作为中国红军之父，朱德的传奇经历经共产国际的宣传在苏联早已家喻户晓。贝鲁罗索夫还是个士官生的时候，他就在一本书的封面上见过朱德的画像。现在，当“画中人”微笑着朝他走来时，他心里顿时涌起一股热潮。担任翻译的谢德明少校连忙拽了一下他的胳膊，这一提醒，使中校心中的激情很快平静了，他想起了此行的使命