Chapter 238 Chapter 27 Battle of Jinan: The first large city to defeat the enemy with heavy troops and strong fortifications

According to the spirit of the September meeting of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the combat plan of the Central Military Commission, after the People's Liberation Army took advantage of the rainy season to rest and reorganize, starting from September, it launched an unprecedented autumn campaign against the Kuomintang Army in the Northeast, East China, Central Plains, North China, and Northwest battlefields. offensive.In this offensive, the Kuomintang army was hit the hardest, and it was the East China Field Army's capture of Jinan that had the greatest impact on the battle situation.

The Central Military Commission and Mao Zedong attached great importance to the capture of Jinan. On July 14, he called Su Yu, Chen Shiju, Tang Liang, and Zhang Zhen, and told Xu Shiyou, Tan Zhenlin, and the Central Plains Bureau and East China Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, pointing out: "It is estimated that the enemy will take advantage of your fatigue and concentrate on oppressing you, so that you can't feel at ease. Rest. It seems necessary to take effective actions to disperse the enemy, and you should take advantage of the time when the enemy is dispersed and wipe out a few enemy units before you can implement a major rest." "It is planned to order Xu Tan to rest for two weeks after conquering Yanji, and then attack Jinan. The two corps of Qiu and Huang were forced to divide their troops into northern aid (the enemy must be aided by the north), and the main force "find part of the enemy to attack, so that the enemy is forced to disperse and cannot see each other from head to tail, which is conducive to our defeat and subsequent major rest."The telegram required Xu Tan to attack Jinan, occupy the airport first, and complete the siege preparations in two to three weeks (including recovery from fatigue, replenishment, training, reconnaissance and deployment, etc.).Then look at the situation of the enemy's reinforcements, and decide to fight first or attack the city first.If the siege and reinforcements are not sure, the troops will be withdrawn and rested ("Mao Zedong Military Anthology" Vol. 4, p. 514).

On the 16th, Mao Zedong actually sent 4 telegrams about attacking Jinan to Chief Huaye. On the 16th, the Central Military Commission called Su Yu, Chen Shiju, Tang Liang, Zhang Zhen, Xu Shiyou, and Tan Zhenlin respectively.After the Xu Tan Corps wiped out the enemy's 84th Division and captured Yanzhou, "In addition to using a force to wipe out the enemies in Jining and Wenshang, and guarding the key points of the canal to prevent possible enemies from crossing eastward, the main force should spare no effort to seize the Jinan airport. And quickly complete the preparations to attack Jinan, with a view to capturing Jinan early" ("Mao Zedong Military Anthology" Vol. 4, p. 518).The Central Military Commission judged: When Xu Tan's corps attacked Jinan, Qiu Qingquan's corps might go north to aid Jinan via Yun (city) and Ju (wild), while Huang Botao's corps would try to return to Xuzhou.Under such circumstances, Su Yu and Chen Shiju should lead the main force of the East China Field Army to occupy the Shang (Qiu) and Xu (Zhou) sections of Longhai Road on the 16th and 17th, then return to the south of Yun and Ju, and place themselves in the area of ​​Qiu, Huang, etc. Between the two corps, the Qiu corps did not dare to rush in to help and guarantee the victory of the attack.If the Qiu Bingtuan wanders around Ding (Tao) and Cao (county), then Su Chenzhang should be controlled between Shang and Xu, and move after seeing the situation clearly; Take a rest to the south of the road, or return to the north for a rest.Please handle it as appropriate ("Mao Zedong Military Anthology" Vol. 4, p. 519).

At noon and around midnight on the 16th, the Central Military Commission sent two more telegrams to Su Yu and others: After the Shandong Corps conquered Yanzhou, "complete the encirclement of Jinan in as short a time as possible (first capture the airport), and take advantage of the victory to seize Jinan. If possible, You should strive to capture Jinan within ten days" ("Mao Zedong Military Anthology" Vol. 4, p. 523); "Su Chenzhang led the 4th and 8th columns to capture Dangshan and the Huangkou line on the evening of the 17th and prepare to annihilate the Huangkou line. corps".The telegram pointed out: As long as the Huang Corps is wiped out, the Qiu Corps will not dare to take the risk of aiding, which can guarantee the victory of Xu Tan's attack on the aid, and then you may annihilate the Qiu Corps one by one, and may re-enter Kaifeng to capture Xuzhou. The war situation may develop rapidly.Hope to be mentally prepared ("Mao Zedong Military Collection" Vol. 4, p. 525).