Chapter 46 How does Xiangsu work?

(April 10, 1934) Township Soviets (and city[1] Soviets) are the basic organization of the Soviets, the level closest to the masses, and the organs that directly lead the masses to carry out various revolutionary tasks of the Soviets.In the context of the civil war, the war mobilization work is very tense, and the lives of the masses need to be improved. Therefore, every effort has been made to improve the work of the Xiangsu (and Shisu) and improve the organization and leadership of the Xiangsu so that it can be fully suitable for the development of revolutionary warfare and the improvement of the masses. The demands of life are very important.The direction of improving rural Soviet work should be towards the closest possible approach to the broad masses, the greatest ability to bring out the enthusiasm and creativity of the masses, the greatest ability to mobilize the masses to carry out Soviet tasks, and the most speedy completion of tasks, so that Soviet work is in harmony with the revolutionary war and the masses. Complete cooperation with the needs of life is the principle of Soviet work.Now in our Soviet area, there are already many rural Soviet jobs that can adapt to this principle, and many good organizational forms and working methods have been created.But there are still many Xiangsu works that violate such principles or are not fully suitable for such principles.Therefore, according to this principle, it is very necessary to clearly and concretely stipulate how to work in the Xiangsu, so that each Xiangsu staff can have a general standard to carry out their work.

How should Xiangsu carry out their work? The following regulations should be followed. (1) The work of the Xiangsu Presidium (1) The presidium consists of seven members from large townships and five from small townships. They are elected by the representative meeting, and the most active and capable members should be elected. (2) The presidium is the highest political organ in the township after the conference is closed. It should resolutely implement the resolutions and instructions of the conference and the higher-level Soviet, and it should actively lead the work of the township. (3) The presidium should know how to grasp the central work in each period, bring these work to the representative meeting for discussion, and should not just be busy with some fragmentary affairs and lose the central work.

(4) The meetings of the bureau must be held well, the work of the permanent staff must be done in a very intense and earnest manner, there should be no laxity and laziness, and coercive commandism must be completely abolished. (5) The presidium must understand the situation and characteristics of each village, pay attention to the difficult problems among the people in each village, promote the work of each village according to the actual situation and characteristics of each village, and solve the difficult problems of the people in each village . (6) In order to make rapid progress in the work of each village, it is necessary to pay attention to the attention of the chief and deputy directors of each village to pay attention to the fact that the village representative meetings, mass meetings and small unit mass meetings under the leadership of each representative can be held on time and well .

(7) The presidium should unite all representatives, various committees, and various mass organizations around itself, and promote representatives, committees, and mass organizations to mobilize the entire township to perform various tasks.Instead of leaving representatives, committees and mass organizations, only a few people are busy doing it. (8) The presidium must pay utmost attention to the leadership during the representative meeting, and must make good preparations in advance for each representative meeting. (9) The presidium meeting should be held once every five days, that is, the presidium should hold two meetings in the middle of the two representative meetings.The village director can ask him to come to the meeting.

issues discussed at the meeting.For the first time, it is mainly to discuss and urge the directors, deputy directors and representative comrades of each village to implement the decisions of the last and previous representative meetings. It is best to hold it within two or three days after the last representative meeting.The second time, it mainly collects the work experience of various villages in the past few days, and prepares the topics for the next representative meeting. It is best to hold it within two or three days before the next representative meeting. Presidium meetings should also resolve some relatively minor issues, so don't refer all these minor issues to representative meetings.It is also necessary to solve those urgent issues that have time to be resolved, and do not postpone the discussion of these urgent issues until the next representative meeting.

The meeting of the bureau should preferably be after dinner, and the meeting time should not exceed two o'clock. (10) The presidium should have a division of labor. It should give some work to those comrades who are not permanently stationed in the presidium, for example, asking them to supervise certain tasks in certain villages. Naturally, the chairman presides over the work of the whole township. He acts as the chairman at the presidium meeting, attends meetings called by the superiors, and handles daily affairs.He should grasp the several central tasks instructed by his superiors in each period (such as expanding the Red Army, land survey campaign, elections, road construction, land tax collection, public debt promotion, development of cooperatives, spring plowing campaign, etc.), and he should pay attention to those regular tasks (such as the training of the Red Youth Team, the Red Martial Law, food, education, health, preferential treatment for the families of the Red Army, etc.), and special problems that occur in the hometown (such as famine, plague, floods, counter-revolutionary activities, etc.).He should think about these tasks or problems from time to time, see how these tasks are done in each village, and which village's work is relatively backward, and which village should be stepped up to attack and help.He should divide the work with the vice-chairman and clerk, attend the meetings of each village, collect the good experience and bad phenomenon of every work in each village, report it to the bureau meeting or representative meeting, and provide the materials for discussion at the meeting (when when discussing that issue).The chairman should also divide the work with others, attend the meetings of several committees and mass organizations, and attend the mass meetings of each village.

The vice-chairman should attend the meetings of the villages with the chairman and clerk, and he should be able to effectively supervise, collect materials, and report when he is responsible for the work of one or two villages.For the work of the whole township, it is also required to be clear, so that the chairman can handle the work on behalf of the chairman when the chairman is away.The vice-chairman is resident to help the chairman with day-to-day affairs, and often attends meetings of several committees and mass groups. The clerical work is to handle population registers, land registers, marriage birth and death registration, various questionnaires, write reports to districts and Soviet Unions, dispatch traffic, send notices to villages, arrange roads by hand, and help the families of the Red Army write letters. Chairman and Vice Chairman Those who cannot read read the documents of their superiors to them, read the important parts of the documents at the bureau and representative meetings, write minutes during the meetings, and tell the chairman and vice-chairmen about things that the chairman and vice-chairman have not noticed.The clerk should also serve to attend several committee and mass group meetings.If the instrument is a representative, it should participate in the bureau.

(11) The bureau should pay attention to the investigation and education of the representatives.If some of the representatives are active in their work and some are passive in their work, then we should praise the exemplary work of the activists to show off to the negative ones.Negative elements should be criticized, and some should raise their names at the representative meeting to cause everyone to fight against them, so as to educate all the representatives and make the negative elements active.Some are elected as representatives for the first time and do not know how to do their work, so it is better to tell them how to do their work.Those who have not changed or made progress after several times of criticism, struggle and education, such as being unable to complete the work of explaining after one or two months, or simply not going to the meeting, deliberately missing the representative meeting five or six times in a row, then It should be mentioned that the Conference of Delegates dismissed him and replaced him with an alternate.It would be wrong to dismiss such deputies who are so bad and not to replenish them.Representatives who have been mobilized should also be replenished immediately.

It is also necessary to investigate whether there are landlords, rich peasants and counter-revolutionaries who have mixed up as representatives to destroy our Soviet. If so, they should be expelled immediately.If it is a counter-revolutionary, it must be arrested and punished immediately. (12) The traffic and outpost inspectors in Xiangsu can choose one of the following three methods: or find someone to work on a regular basis, eat their own food, but exempt them from various duties, and send someone to help their family plow the fields.Or they will be dispatched in turn from the Young Pioneers, and they will be notified the first afternoon, and they will come to work the next day and eat at home, but no one will be sent to help him plow the fields.Or the residents pay money and rice to provide food, and they often live in Xiangsu.These three methods are decided by each locality, but the first method is the best.Both traffic and outpost inspectors must choose young comrades, and outpost inspectors must be able-bodied and able to read.They must be trained for their work.

(2) Work of the Representative Conference (1) The township conference is the highest political organ in the township. After discussions at the conference, all laws and policies of the Soviet are implemented and various tasks of the Soviet are completed. Therefore, the leadership of the conference is very important. (2) Representative meetings are usually held once every ten days.It should be opened at night during busy farming season.The meeting time is usually better at two o'clock, and no more than three o'clock at most. Each meeting is only divided into report and discussion. The chairman and the district Soviet participants each report for 10 minutes, and more words will be discussed in the discussion.When discussing each work problem that has been carried out in the township, the village directors can each report for a few minutes, and more words can be said during the discussion.The rest is time for discussion.However, at the meetings dedicated to inspection work, the village directors took more time to report.The content of the report must have real materials and opinions, and reports that only talk about empty words must be cancelled.

(3) There should be only one main question in each representative meeting, in addition, there may be one or two secondary questions.Spend more time discussing major issues and less time discussing secondary issues.If several major issues are brought up for discussion each time, the meeting will not be able to achieve results. (4) The issues discussed should be practical.For example, when discussing the issue of spring plowing, it is necessary to distinguish between "development of labor cooperatives", "development of plowing and oxen cooperatives", "how the plowing teams give preferential treatment to the families of the Red Army", "increasing fertilizer", "more plows and more rakes", "opening up barren fields and hills", " Repair the pond waterwheel in Beizhen", "plant cotton", "variety of sticky grains and less glutinous grain", "variety of miscellaneous grains and vegetables", etc.Discussions should be made according to the actual situation of each village.For each item, practical measures must be specified. For example, in the item of "development of mutual aid cooperatives", it is necessary to estimate how many people can be recruited in the whole township at present, set a total number, and then determine how much each village needs to develop according to the actual situation of each village, and then explain. The village directors and deputy directors go back to make more practical allocations according to the conditions of the residents under the jurisdiction of each representative, and set a time for completion.When discussing, discuss one item at a time. After the first item has a result, discuss the second item.The result of the discussion becomes a resolution, which is written in the record book, so that it can be checked next time and supervised by the bureau.If we can't finish the discussion, we will discuss it next time.The second discussion on spring plowing should be checked item by item according to the previous resolution.When inspecting a certain item, the directors of each village should report the implementation situation, the reasons for completion and non-completion, mainly to find out experience and lessons for the learning of representatives and the masses.After the inspection, we will discuss new problems in spring plowing.During the inspection, appropriate criticism should be given to representatives and village directors who have not completed their tasks according to the situation, and their attention should be aroused.The above is an example, and other issues are discussed in this way. Many township representative meetings discuss issues that are impractical, and do not distinguish small items from major issues.Or discuss a lot of items together, instead of finishing one item and then come up with two items, so that people will not be able to bring a clear conclusion back.The discussion did not follow the actual situation and characteristics of each village, and did not stipulate the amount that each village should complete (referring to those issues that should be fixed), and did not stipulate the date for completion, and did not ask the village director to go back and distribute and supervise. Each representative to complete their certain tasks.Or with regard to the tasks stipulated according to the characteristics of a certain village (for example, it is stipulated that a certain village should open several ponds, but other villages do not have to open them), they do not specifically ask the representatives of a certain village "Do you think this regulation is good?" Make them actually accountable, but just passable in general.Some townships and Soviets only discuss and decide, and do not propose inspections at the meeting not long after. Even inspections cannot point out the characteristics of each village and house, the reasons for success or failure, and do not criticize the representatives and village directors who sabotage.Then what is the use of such discussions and inspections? Such discussions and inspections are empty, bureaucratic, waste of time, and cannot fulfill the tasks of the Soviets.If people adopt pacifism towards those who are passive and sabotage, the representative meeting will lack vitality and cannot inspire the representatives of backward villages and huts (small villages) to lead the masses to work hard and catch up with advanced villages and huts.None of this is right. (5) To make the representative meeting run well, the presidium must be well prepared. Therefore, the above-mentioned presidium should hold a meeting before the representative meeting to prepare the report and agenda for the next meeting.This kind of preparation work, especially the chairman should be responsible, and the vice-chairmen and clerks should help the chairman. (6) In many places, the chairperson on the floor of the representative conference is temporarily elected, and in some places it is stipulated that no one from the presidium should be elected. This is not good.The chairman of the venue must be a resident staff member, and it is best to be the chairman of Xiangsu, because only they are familiar with the situation of the whole township and understand what happened before and after. (7) Roll rolls are required every time the representative meeting is held, and those who do not attend the meeting will be marked on their names.The presidium must have a list of representatives, and the name, gender, age and composition of each representative are written in each village and house. (3) Organization and work of the village (1) The center of gravity of the work of the township lies in the village, so the village organization and leadership should be paid close attention to by the Township Soviet Presidium. (2) All townships that are not divided into villages must be divided. Some townships can be divided into only two villages, some townships can be divided into three villages, and some large townships can be divided into four villages and five villages, according to the actual situation.However, it is generally better to have a small plan, and it is inconvenient for the village to lead the work if it is too large. (3) The village shall have a director and a deputy director, who shall be elected by the township representative meeting among the representatives, and the most active and capable person among the representatives of each village shall be elected.In a village with several houses, the director and deputy director should not be in the same house. The village director is responsible for supervising the work of the whole village, and the deputy director assists the director in supervising the work of the whole village. (Note) If the village head and deputy head of the family lack labor force, when the farming season is busy, the township Soviet regulations can mobilize the masses to help them with some labor, so as to supplement their hard work in the Soviet Union (more than other representatives) )operating hours.If the masses agree, a village director can be treated preferentially so that he can spend all his time on Soviet work for the benefit of the whole village. (4) The village director usually convenes a meeting of the representatives of the whole village every ten days (for example, if a village has 15 representatives, the 15 representatives will be called for a meeting). When the work is busy, it can be held once every five days to check the work of each representative. Discuss the characteristics of each house and family, discuss how to complete the tasks assigned to the village by the township representative meeting, resolve mutual relief and small disputes among the villagers of the village, prepare reports for the village mass meeting, and promote the work of the village committee. (5) The date of this kind of village representative meeting is arranged by the Xiangsu Presidium, and it is best to hold the meeting in the middle of the two representative meetings and relatively close to the day of the latter representative meeting.For example, if there are three villages in a township, and the township representative meeting is held every five days, the first village can be arranged on every five days, the second village can be arranged on every two days, and the third village can be held on every three days. The chairman went to the villages to attend meetings.If it is held every five days, it can be arranged a few days after the last township representative meeting, and once a few days before the next township representative meeting.This kind of meeting is mainly to inspect and supervise the work, and the results of the inspection will be reported by the village director to the next township representative meeting. (6) Implement a system in which each representative divides the work to lead the residents.For example, there are 15 representatives and 500 residents in a certain village. The 500 people should be divided into 15 units according to their houses, and each representative should manage the masses of a unit. However, they should not be distributed equally, but should be divided according to the number of houses. The position, the strength of the representative ability, and the appropriate distribution of the number of people can be managed to fifty or sixty people if there are many, and only thirty or forty people can be managed if there are few. The method of this division of labor among deputies is to make all deputies shoulder their responsibilities, and each deputie must lead the masses to carry out Soviet work within a certain range (such as urging the dozens of people under his supervision to work hard on spring plowing, and publicizing the activists among dozens of people). When the Red Army, publicize everyone to join cooperatives, urge children to go to day school, urge adults to go to night school, urge each family to clean houses and communicate with each other to pay attention to hygiene, lead dozens of people to hold mass meetings, monitor the activities of landlords and rich peasants, etc.), it is very easy. It is really of great benefit to quickly absorb the opinions of the masses and bring them to the village representative meeting and township representative meeting, and quickly solve the difficult problems among the masses.However, there are still many places that have not implemented this system of division of labor for representatives, and it must be implemented immediately. (Note) The village director must have a book in his hand, which records the population of the village, the amount of land, the number of red squads, the amount of food (how many are in total, how many are more than enough, how many are not enough), and other necessary matters.Each representative also has a list of dozens of people under his control. (7) Each representative must call a meeting of dozens of people under his control to check the implementation of the work of the Soviets, discuss the work to be done now, report the competition agreement, report the resolution of the township Soviet, and solicit the opinions of the masses to the village representative meeting give a report.This kind of meeting uses the method of talking, and the representative is the chairman of the meeting.One hour is enough.Open it when everyone is free. This kind of meeting should be held every ten days, and the units under the control of the representatives of the whole village can be held on the same day.If a representative fails to meet due to something, he shall be instructed to make up another day.Chairman Su of the township called the heads of the villages to schedule the day, making him conflict with other meetings of villages in different townships.At such meetings, the masses should be guided to develop mutual criticism, for example, a certain family takes in deserters and does not return to the army, a certain family does not work hard in spring farming, a certain family does not work hard to help the family members of the Red Army plow the fields, a certain family should help the elderly but everyone does not pay attention, A certain family does not urge their children to study, a certain family does not pay attention to hygiene, and so on.Through this kind of meeting, the decision of the Soviet can be quickly communicated to the masses, the work of the Soviet can be achieved at a faster speed, the life of the masses can be improved rapidly, and the fighting spirit of the masses can be quickly raised. Apart from such meetings, each representative should spend some time visiting the homes of the individuals in his charge to see if they have any problems that need to be resolved, and to see if they have implemented the Soviet decision. Visit the homes of the people, and visit the homes of the landlords and rich peasants to see if they have committed any wrongdoing. The village director is responsible for supervising and supervising the representatives' small-unit meetings and home visits, and the quality of the work of the representatives can be determined from these. (8) Village mass meetings are extremely capable of educating the masses, mobilizing them to carry out Soviet tasks, and raising their fighting spirit. They should be regarded as an important method of mobilizing and educating the masses.It is wrong in many places not to pay attention to holding mass meetings of this kind. At the mass meetings of such villages, the resolutions of the township Soviet are reported, the revolutionary contests between the village and other villages, and between the house and other houses are reported, and the revolutionary tasks proposed by the superior Soviet are explained, so that the masses will strive to quickly implement them after they fully understand them. This kind of mass meeting should be held every half a month, and the township presidium will schedule the meeting date for each village and notify the village director, so as not to conflict with other meetings.The date of the mass meeting of each village should not be held on the same day, so that Xiangsu can send people to attend. This kind of mass meeting is held in a village with a concentrated population of only one room. Naturally, the whole village is held as a unit, and the village director is the chairman of the meeting place.However, most villages in the Soviet area currently have more than two houses. These villages should be divided into two units, so that most men, women, and children can attend the meeting. The village director and deputy director each serve as the chairman.For this kind of mass meeting, one should be well prepared in advance.How to encourage the representatives to invite the majority of the masses to the meeting, what to report at the meeting, and how to guide the masses to express their opinions must be discussed in advance at the village representative meeting.The meeting time should not exceed two o'clock.It should be opened when most people are free. As for the mass meeting of the whole township, there is no important issue, and it is not a commemorative festival, so it should not be called casually.It is mainly necessary to use the mass meeting of the village and the small unit mass meeting of each representative to carry out mobilization and education work. (4) Township and village committees (1) Under the Xiangsu, various committees should be organized to assist the Xiangsu in managing various specialized tasks.Activists among the masses are recruited as committee members, and each township representative must join one or two committees and play a leading role in it.The committee system should be regarded as an important method of contacting the broad masses to advance the work of the Soviets, and those who have not organized committees should be organized quickly. (2) Some committees are regularly organized, such as expanding the Red Army, giving preferential treatment to the Red Army, consoling the Red Army, red martial law, air defense and anti-virus, agricultural production (spring plowing, summer plowing, autumn harvesting, autumn plowing, winter plowing), production education, forestry, water conservancy, Investigation and registration, education, health, bridges and roads, food, state-owned property (county with state-owned property), and workers' and peasants' inspection committees all have regular work. Some committees are temporarily organized, such as land survey, confiscation, land tax, public debt, wasteland reclamation, and elections. These committees are temporary in nature. After the work is completed, the committees are not needed. They will be organized temporarily when they do these tasks next time. .After the land issue is completely resolved, the land investigation and confiscation and expropriation commission will no longer exist. (3) For some committees, only the township is enough, but for some committees, village organizations should also be organized.For example, committees such as expanding the Red Army, giving preferential treatment to the Red Army, production education, spring plowing, forestry, water conservancy, education, and sanitation, have organizations in the village, and it is easier for the work to be widespread and in-depth. (4) According to their nature, the number of committees should be as few as five, and as many as seven or nine, not too many.Where there are townships and villages (spring plowing committees, etc.), it is sufficient for each township and village to have five committee members.The director of a village committee may serve as a member of a township committee. (5) The chairman and members of the committee, at the township level, shall be prepared by the presidium and submitted to the township representative meeting for approval.At the village level, the list prepared by the village director shall be submitted to the village representative meeting for approval. (6) Each committee must find the most active comrade to be the chairman.The bureau should teach the directors how to do their work, urge the directors to convene their own meetings on time, and check the work of the directors.If the director sabotages his work, he should be dismissed and replaced with a new director. (7) The director must prepare in advance for the meeting of his own committee, so that every meeting can get results.After the meeting, each committee member should be assigned a job and told how to do it, and they will be asked to make a work report at the next meeting.The committee member who sabotaged his work wanted to dismiss him and replace him with a new one. (8) The committee is usually re-elected every six months. During the re-election, activists will be retained and passive saboteurs will be removed. (9) The presidium of the township Soviet Union should divide the work and participate in the meetings of various committees at the township level.This division of labor is best fixed within a period of time, with each person in charge of several committees.For example, the chairman is in charge of military affairs and finance (expanding the Red Army, comforting the Red Army, red martial law, air defense and anti-virus, land tax, public debt, confiscation and collection, state-owned property, etc.), and the vice-chairman is in charge of production and economic aspects (preferential treatment of the Red Army, spring plowing, forestry, water conservancy, etc.) food, bridges and roads, production education, etc.), documents can be in charge of other aspects (education, health, inspection of workers and peasants, investigation and registration, etc.).Discuss at the bureau meeting, each has a special responsibility, collect materials, and make a report at the bureau and representative meeting. When the village committee holds meetings, the directors of the township committees must attend the committees at their lower level (for example, the director of the township education committee attends the meetings of the village education committee), and the director and deputy director of the village representative also participate in division of labor. (10) The meeting date of each committee in the township and village shall be determined by the Township Soviet Presidium according to the priorities of various tasks in each period. For example, in spring, the spring plowing committee has more meetings, but in winter, the winter plowing committee can have fewer meetings. .Each meeting should not exceed two and a half minutes. (5) The connection between Xiangsu and mass organizations (1) Various mass organizations in townships (trade unions, poor peasant leagues, women workers' and peasants' women's representative associations, anti-imperialist and pro-Soviet alliances, mutual aid societies, children's leagues, labor mutual aid societies, cattle-ploughing cooperatives, consumption, production, grain and credit cooperatives, nursery schools , the Association for the Eradication of Illiteracy, the Literacy Movement Committee, clubs, etc.), we must intensify our attention and help to them, and rely on their efforts to mobilize the broad masses to complete various revolutionary tasks. For those groups without higher-level organizations, such as the Poor Peasant League, Women Workers and Peasants' Women's Congress, Labor Mutual Aid, Cattle Cooperatives, Nursery Schools, etc., Xiangsu even took full leadership responsibility.Check their work on a regular basis. If something bad happens, discuss and correct it quickly. No matter what mass organization, if they have a difficult problem, Xiangsu will help them solve it. (2) When discussing work related to a certain mass organization in front of the bureau and representative meeting, the person in charge of that group should be invited to participate.When various groups hold meetings, Xiangsu should also send people to attend.The same is true for the relationship between the village representative meeting and the village mass organizations.The Xiangsu Presidium should discuss with the leaders of various mass organizations and schedule their meetings so that other meetings of villages in different townships will conflict with each other. (3) Xiangsu should pay attention to the leadership of the Young Pioneers of the Red Guard Army. All young men and women must join the Young Pioneers of the Red Guard Army as adults, and the majority of their village exercises and village exercises should be practiced so that their training can improve every day. .They have to send people to attend their cadre meetings. (6) Revolutionary Competition and Commandos (1) In order to strive for the quality and speed of Soviet work, so that the work can be done well and quickly, the method of revolutionary emulation and the organization of shock troops should be practiced in every township and village. (2) Every competition for revolutionary work, whether it is directed by the superior or initiated by the township, must be discussed at the township representative meeting, and reported at the village mass meeting and the mass meeting of each representative small unit.Those who are related to a certain mass group should refer to the meeting of that group to report, and get the understanding and recognition of every representative and every public. Only after everyone fully understands and recognizes can everyone be held accountable and able to Only by stimulating everyone's revolutionary enthusiasm and working hard can the work be done well and quickly, and the requirements of the competition can be completed on schedule or earlier.In this regard, all methods of coercion and order must be abolished. (3) In the competition of each job, not only the discussion and report can be completed, but also the inspection should be followed closely.Each representative inspects each house, the village director and deputy director inspects each representative, and the Xiangsu Presidium and representative meeting inspects each village director and deputy director.Without this kind of inspection, some families, some representatives, and some village houses will pass by sloppily, and the requirements cannot be fulfilled by the due date, or the work content is not good because of the number.The inspection system is an extremely important method for the quality and speed of Soviet work. Only decisions without inspection are bureaucratic leadership, which is as harmful as coercive commandism. (4) When the competition for each job expires, a conclusion must be drawn at the village or township representative meeting to distinguish the good from the bad, reward the winners and criticize the losers. (5) In order to strive for the quality and speed of Soviet work, each village can organize a commando team of five to seven members. Among the representatives, the most active comrades who can do the work are selected according to the principle of voluntariness, one for each village. Captain, players should not be in the same room. There are two methods of commando work: one is in the village, the members of each house go to another house to attack each other (from house A to house B, and from house B to house A), but the main thing is to make the members of the first house Go to the back room to raid.One is that within the township, commando teams from each village go to other villages to attack each other (from village A to village B, and from village B to village A), but mainly commando teams from advanced villages go to backward villages to conduct assaults.Going to the assault is not to scold people, but to help the work there, tell the comrades there the good methods, so that the work there will improve quickly, and the work methods in the advanced village houses will be learned there. Under the presidium of the Township Soviet Union, there is a captain who manages the commandos of the whole township, and he has the right to mobilize the commandos of each village.The presidium should convene township and village captains for a meeting on time to check their work and tell them how to work, and then the captain will call team members for a meeting to train them.The bureau should also convene a meeting of all commandos every half month or every month to train them. (7) District Su’s leadership over the township District Soviets should guide the rural Soviets to fully implement the items mentioned above, explain the good things mentioned above to the comrades of the rural Soviets, so that they can fully understand, and check at any time whether the regional Soviets are following the previous instructions. All items have been implemented, and explanations and help have been given many times, especially to Xiangsu, who is backward in work.When the higher-level government inspects the work of the Soviet Union, it depends on whether the Soviet Union has earnestly guided all the townships under it to implement the above-mentioned measures and strive for the fastest speed and best results in various Soviet work. (Note) This document is generally applicable to city and district Soviets. According to the booklet "How District and Township Soviets Work" published by the People's Committee of the Chinese Soviet Republic. -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ note [1] "City" in this article refers to a town.