Chapter 22 Red Army Propaganda Work Issues

1. The Significance of the Red Army’s Propaganda Work The task of the Red Army's propaganda work is to expand political influence and win over the masses.Only through the realization of this propaganda task can the general tasks of the Red Army, such as organizing the masses, arming the masses, establishing political power, eliminating reactionary forces, and promoting a revolutionary upsurge, be achieved.Therefore, the propaganda work of the Red Army is the first major work of the Red Army.To ignore this work is to abandon the main task of the Red Army, which is actually tantamount to helping the ruling class weaken the power of the Red Army.

2. The current situation of the propaganda work of the Red Army (1) Disadvantages of promotional content: 1. No specific political platform has been published (the previous political platform such as the four-word announcement was not specific); 2. Ignoring the propaganda and agitation of the daily struggle of the masses; 3. Ignoring the acquisition of the urban poor; 4. Neglecting the promotion of women; 5. Insufficient publicity to young people; 6. Inadequate propaganda of the lumpenproletariat; 7. Rarely destroy the propaganda of landlord class armed organizations (civilian groups, Jingwei groups[14], etc.);

8. Propaganda has no time and place. (2) Disadvantages of publicity technology: 1. The propaganda team is not perfect. (1) The number of propagandists in each brigade has been reduced from five to three, some have only one or two, some have only one, and a few units have not even one. (2) Propaganda personnel are too poor. There are also captive soldiers, stokers and grooms, and opium eaters. There are also those who are suspected of fleeing and are disarmed and sent to the propaganda team. There are some propaganda teams who go there, and there are also those who are not allowed to join the propaganda teams in other work organizations because they are disabled. The current propaganda teams are almost like shelters, unable to carry out their tasks at all.

(3) Almost all officers and soldiers rejected the propaganda team (at the same time, it was also because the propagandists were too poor and had little work performance, which caused ordinary people to be dissatisfied with it). members' titles. (4) The publicity team does not have enough publicity funds. (5) There is no plan for the training of propagandists, and at the same time, the supervision of their work is not good, so the work of the propagandist team is simply casual, and no one pays attention to it if they don't do anything. 2. Leaflets, notices, declarations, etc. are outdated and stale, and it is illegal to distribute and mail them at the same time.

3. Few posters were published, and the content of political briefings was too brief and few, and the characters were too small to read clearly. 4. There are almost no revolutionary ballads. 5. Only a few pictorials were published. 6. There is no makeup promotion at all. 7. Clubs with the two meanings of entertaining soldiers and being close to the workers and peasants have not been established. 8. Word-of-mouth publicity is little and bad. 9. The discipline of the Red Army is a kind of actual propaganda to the masses. The discipline is now lax than before, so it has a bad influence on the masses.

10. Lifting door panels, tying hay, sweeping the floor, speaking kindly, buying and selling fairly, returning borrowed things, and compensating for losses. These are all part of the Red Army's propaganda work, and they are not doing enough now. 11. Mass meetings are rarely held, and they are not held well. 12. The method of propaganda to the soldiers of the White Army is not good. 3. Correction route (1) Contents of publicity: 1. Publish a specific political platform, called the Red Army Political Platform. 2. Propaganda must be in line with the struggle mood of the masses. In addition to the general release of riot slogans, there must also be slogans suitable for daily life in places where the struggle sentiment of the masses is still low, so as to launch daily struggles and connect with those riot slogans.

3. The urban poor (small and medium-sized businessmen and students) are a considerable force in the civil rights revolution. If we ignore the struggle for this force, it is tantamount to giving this force to the gentry and bourgeoisie.In the future, there must be in-depth propaganda work for small and medium-sized businessmen and students in the cities to win them over. 4. Women account for half of the population. The economic status of working women and their special oppressive situation not only prove that women are in urgent need of the revolution, but are also a force that determines the success or failure of the revolution.In the future, there must be concrete slogans for women and widespread publicity.

5. The toiling young people account for more than 30% of the population, and they are the bravest and most resolute in the struggle.Therefore, the propaganda of the young people is an important task in the whole propaganda task. 6. If the vast masses of homeless people in China stand on the side of the revolutionary class, they become tools of the revolution; one of the tasks.When carrying out publicity work, it is necessary to pay attention to the differences in the life and nature of the homeless people in each part, and publicize them separately. 7. The destruction of the armed organizations of the landlord class and the struggle of the masses is one of the conditions for the victory of the Agrarian Revolution in the countryside. In the future, we must pay special attention to the propaganda work for the militia, Jingwei and other regiments.

8. When going to a place, there must be propaganda slogans and agitation slogans suitable for that place, and according to different times (such as the autumn harvest and the end of the year, the period of the Jianggui War[16] and the Wangjiang War[17]), different slogans should be produced. Propaganda and agitation slogans. (2) Technical aspects of publicity: 1. Propaganda Team Issues (1) meaning The Red Army's propaganda team is an important tool for the Red Army's propaganda work. If the propaganda team is not properly done, a large part of the Red Army's propaganda tasks will be wasted. Therefore, the issue of organizing and training the propaganda team is one of the tasks that the party must intensify its efforts at present. .The first step in this work is to theoretically correct the views among officers and soldiers who generally despise propaganda work and propaganda teams. Weird terms such as "miscellaneous people" and "selling fake plasters" should be abolished from now on.

(2) Organization A. Take the detachment as the unit, the army and the directly subordinate teams of the column each form a unit, and each unit organizes a squadron, with one captain and one deputy, sixteen propagandists, one porter (picking publicity materials), and two tolerances.The propagandists of each squadron are divided into several sub-teams (the number of sub-teams is determined according to the number of brigades or other units and agencies), and each sub-team has a sub-team leader and three propagandists. B. The propaganda team of each detachment is under the command of the political commissar of the detachment.When the various brigades separate for guerrilla warfare, each brigade should send a propaganda unit to accompany them, under the command of the brigade's political commissar.The propaganda team directly under the team is under the command of the chief of the propaganda section of the Political Department.The propaganda teams of the whole column are under the command of the Propaganda Section of the Political Department of the column.The Army Propaganda Team is under the command of the Propaganda Section of the Military Political Department.

C. Expenses for the propaganda team shall be distributed by the Political Department and must be sufficient. D. The method of reforming the composition of propagandists is that, in addition to asking the local government to select progressives to join the Red Army’s propaganda team, select outstanding elements (without changing the squad leader as much as possible) from the soldiers of each army as propagandists.The Political Department should regularly make plans for the training of the propaganda team, specify the training materials, methods, time, instructors, etc., and actively improve the quality of the propagandists. 2. Propaganda documents such as leaflets, bulletins, declarations, etc., the old ones should be reviewed, and the new ones should be drafted as soon as possible.The appropriate and effective distribution of publicity materials should be an important item in the technical issues of the publicity team.Sending propaganda materials by mail, entraining propaganda materials in the mail, or printing propaganda and agitation slogans on the mail, political work organs should pay attention to it, and do it well. 3. Posters are one of the important methods of publicity to the masses.The army and the column each run a wall newspaper for each unit, which is in charge of the Propaganda Section of the Political Department, and the name is "Current Affairs Briefing".The content is: (1) international and domestic political news; (2) mass struggles in guerrilla areas; (3) the work of the Red Army.At least one copy will be published every week, and they will all be written on large sheets of paper without mimeograph.Write as many as possible each time.When compiling and printing political briefings, attention should be paid to the following: (1) be fast; (2) be richer in content; (3) be slightly larger and clearer. 4. Each political department is responsible for collecting and compiling revolutionary ballads expressing various mass emotions, and the military political department compilation committee is responsible for supervision and investigation. 5. The Art Section of the Propaganda Section of the Political Department of the Army should be strengthened, and lithographic or mimeographed pictorials should be published.In order to enrich the military arts department, the painting talents of the whole army should be concentrated in their work. 6. Make-up propaganda is the most specific and effective method of propaganda. The propaganda teams of each detachment and directly subordinate team have set up a make-up propaganda unit to organize and direct the make-up propaganda to the masses. 7. Build a club in the soldiers' club with the brigade as a unit. 8. The propaganda team has an oral propaganda unit and a written propaganda unit to study and direct oral and written propaganda techniques. 9. Strictly implement the three disciplines [18]. 10. Items such as door panels and bales are good ways to expand the influence of the Red Army and increase the masses' belief in the Red Army through actions, and they should be implemented well. 11. The Political Department and the Propaganda Team must convene various mass meetings in a planned and organized manner, and must pre-determine the meeting order, speakers, speech topics and time. 12. Propaganda to the White Army soldiers and subordinate officers is very important. In the future, we should pay attention to the following methods: (1) The promotional text should be short so that they can read it in an instant, and it should be sharp so that they can get an impression after reading it. (2) In addition to writing more slogans on both sides of the enemy's passing roads in line with the reality of certain troops, leaflets should also be stored in the hands of party headquarters and mass organizations along the road, and conveyed to them skillfully when the enemy troops pass by. (3) Investigate the names and unit numbers of enemy officers and soldiers from captured officers and soldiers and mail inspections, and mail propaganda materials to them, or write to them. (4) Preferential treatment of enemy captured soldiers is an extremely effective method of propaganda to the enemy.Preferential treatment of captured soldiers: first, not to search their money and all their belongings. The behavior of Red Army soldiers to search and search the property of captured soldiers in the past must be resolutely abolished.The second is to welcome the captured soldiers with great enthusiasm, make them feel spiritually happy, and oppose any verbal or action insults to the captured soldiers.The third is to give captive soldiers the same material treatment as veterans.The fourth is those who are unwilling to stay. After the propaganda, they will be given travel expenses to let them go back, so that they can spread the influence of the Red Army among the White Army, and oppose only greedy soldiers and force those who do not want to stay to stay.The above items are fully applicable to the captive officials, except for special circumstances. (5) Healing the enemy's wounded soldiers is also an extremely effective method of propaganda to the enemy.The treatment and payment of wounded enemy soldiers must be exactly the same as those of the Red Army, and all possible conditions must be used to return the wounded soldiers who have been given medicine and paid for to the enemy.The same is true for the wounded officers of the enemy.