Chapter 16 land law

(December 1928) 1. All land shall be confiscated and returned to the Soviet Government, and shall be distributed in the following three ways: (1) Allocate farmers to cultivate individually; (2) Allocate farmers to cultivate together; (3) The Soviet government organizes model farms to cultivate. Of the above three methods, the first one is the main one.In special circumstances, or when the Soviet government is strong, two or three are used. 2. All land, after it has been confiscated and distributed by the Soviet government, is prohibited from being bought or sold. 3. After the land is allocated, except for those who are old, young, sick, incapable of farming and serve the public, the rest must be forced to work.

4. Quantity standard for allocating land: (1) Taking population as the standard, men, women, old and young are equally distributed. (2) Taking the labor force as the standard, those who can work will get twice as much land as those who cannot. The above two standards take the first as the main body.Where there are special circumstances, the second standard shall apply.Reasons for adopting the first criterion: (a) Before the facilities for the elderly and the infants are complete, if the old and the young are given too little land, they will not be able to live on. (B) Calculating land allocation based on population is relatively simple and convenient.

(C) There are very few families without children.At the same time, although the old and the young have no ability to cultivate, the government can also allocate considerable public services, such as transportation, etc., after the land is allocated. V. Regional criteria for allocating land: (1) Distribution by township. (2) Distribution in units of several townships (such as Xiaojiang District in Yongxin). (3) Distribution by district (such as Huanglong District in Suichuan). The above three standards take the first as the main body.In case of special circumstances, the second and third standards may be applied.

6. Mountain forest allocation method: (1) For Chashan [1] and Chaishan, according to the method of dividing the land, the townships are used as units, and the cultivation and use are evenly distributed. (2) Zhumu Mountain is owned by the Soviet government.However, with the permission of the Soviet government, farmers can enjoy bamboo and wood.If there are less than 50 bamboos and woods, the permission of the township Soviet government is required.For less than 100 roots, the permission of the district Soviet government is required.More than 100 roots must be approved by the county Soviet government.

(3) Bamboo and wood will be sold by the county Soviet government, and the money obtained will be at the disposal of the high-level Soviet government. 7. Collection of land tax: (1) Land tax is divided into three types according to the production situation: 1. 15 percent; 2. 10 percent; 3. 5 percent. Of the above three methods, the first one is the main one.In case of special circumstances, with the approval of the Higher Soviet Government, the second and third types may be applied respectively. (2) In case of natural disasters or other special circumstances, land tax may be exempted upon the approval of the Higher Soviet Government.

(3) Land tax is collected by the county Soviet government and handed over to the higher Soviet government for disposal. 8. Rural handicraft workers, if they are willing to share the land, will get half of the land each farmer gets. 9. Officers and soldiers of the Red Army and Red Guards, and those who serve in the government and all other public institutions, shall be allocated land. For example, the amount earned by the peasants shall be hired by the Soviet government to cultivate instead. According to [2]: This land law was enacted in the winter of 1928 in Jinggangshan (the border between Hunan and Jiangxi).This is a summary of the experience in the agrarian struggle from the winter of 1927 to the winter of 1928, and there was no experience before that.There are several mistakes in this land law: (1) All land is confiscated instead of only the landlord's land; (2) Land ownership belongs to the government and not to farmers, who only have the right to use it; (3) Land trading is prohibited.These were all errors of principle, which were later corrected.With regard to joint farming and using labor as the standard for land distribution, it was announced that private farming and population as the standard for land distribution were not the main methods. Therefore, it was stipulated in this way, and later it was changed to only use the latter as the standard.Hired people to plow the fields for the Red Army personnel, and later mobilized farmers to plow for them.

According to the "Mao Zedong Rural Investigation Collected Works" published by People's Publishing House in 1982. -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ note [1] Tea Mountain refers to the mountainous area where camellia oleifera trees are planted. [2] This "press" was added by Mao Zedong when he edited the book "Rural Survey" in Yan'an.