Chapter 83 Governance Program for the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region[1]

(May 1, 1941) In order to further consolidate the border area, develop anti-Japanese political, economic, and cultural constructions, and achieve the goal of persevering in the long-term war of resistance and improving people's welfare, the Central Bureau of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Area of ​​the Communist Party of China specially held elections for the second session of the border area. According to Sun Yat-sen Mr. Three People's Principles, the Prime Minister's will, and the principles of the Anti-Japanese National United Front of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed the following policy program for the two million people in our border region.

(1) Unite all social classes and anti-Japanese parties in the border area, and use all human, material, financial and intellectual resources to fight for the defense of the border area, the defense of the Northwest, the defense of China, and the expulsion of Japanese imperialism. (2) Adhere to unity with friendly parties, friendly troops, and all people outside the border area, and oppose surrender, split, and retrogression. (3) Improve the combat effectiveness of the armed forces in the border areas, ensure their material supplies, improve the military service system and the mobilization system for other rear services, and enhance the close unity between the army and the people.At the same time, strengthen the organization and training of the Anti-Japanese Self-Defense Forces and Young Pioneers, and improve their leadership system.

(4) Strengthen the work of giving preferential treatment to the families of the anti-Japanese soldiers, thoroughly implement the regulations on preferential resistance, and ensure that the families of the Eighth Route Army and all friendly troops in the border areas receive material protection and spiritual comfort. (5) The party is willing to conduct election alliances with all parties and factions and all mass organizations, and make sure that only one-third of the candidates are Communist Party members, so that all parties and factions and people without party and affiliation can participate in the election of the public opinion organs in the border area Management of activities and border area administration.When a Communist Party member is elected as the person in charge of a certain administrative agency, it should be ensured that two-thirds of the staff of the agency are filled by people outside the Party.

(6) Guarantee the human rights, political power[2], financial rights, and freedom of speech, publication, assembly, association, belief, residence, and migration of all anti-Japanese people (landlords, capitalists, farmers, workers, etc.).Except for the judicial system and public security organs performing their duties in accordance with the law, no agency, military force, or group may arrest, interrogate, or punish anyone, and the people have the right to sue any public official for illegal acts in any way. (7) Improve the judicial system, resolutely abolish corporal punishment, and emphasize evidence rather than confession.Regarding the traitors, except for those who are absolutely unwilling to repent, regardless of their past behavior, a lenient policy will be implemented, and they will strive to be reformed and given a way out in politics and life. They must not be killed, humiliated, forced to surrender, or forced to surrender. Write a letter of repentance.For all elements who plot to sabotage the border areas, such as traitors, anti-communists, etc., the treatment method is the same.

(8) Strictly implement clean and honest politics, severely punish the corruption of public officials, and prohibit any public officials from acting for personal gain. Communist Party members who break the law will be punished severely.At the same time, the principle of maintaining honesty with salaries is implemented to ensure the necessary material life and sufficient cultural and recreational life for all public servants and their families. (9) To develop agricultural production, mobilize the masses for spring plowing and autumn harvest, and solve the difficulties of poor farmers in ploughing cattle, farm tools, fertilizers, and seeds.

(10) In the areas where the land has been allocated, guarantee the private land system for all farmers who have acquired the land.In areas where the land has not been allocated (such as Suide, Fuxian, and Qingyang), the landlord's land ownership and the creditor's rights are guaranteed, but the tenant's rent and debt interest must be reduced, and the tenant must pay a certain amount of rent to the landlord. The debtor must Pay a certain amount of interest to the creditor, and the government makes reasonable adjustments to the relationship between the tenant and the debt. (11) Develop industrial production and commercial circulation, reward private enterprises, protect private property, welcome foreign investment, implement free trade, oppose monopoly control, develop people's cooperative undertakings, and support the development of handicraft industries.

(12) Adjust labor-capital relations, implement a ten-hour work system, increase labor productivity, improve labor discipline, and appropriately improve workers' lives. (13) Implement a reasonable taxation system. Except for the extremely poor who should be exempted from taxation, all residents must implement a progressive taxation system of varying degrees according to the level of property or income, so that most people can afford the anti-Japanese funds.At the same time, improve financial institutions, adjust financial relations, maintain legal currency, and consolidate border currency to facilitate economic development and financial abundance.

(14) Continue to implement the policy of eradicating illiteracy, promote education in new characters, improve the formal school system, popularize national education, improve the lives of primary school teachers, implement supplementary education for adults, strengthen education for cadres, promote popular books and newspapers, reward free research, respect intellectuals, Promote scientific knowledge and literary and artistic movements, welcome scientific and artistic talents, protect exile students and out-of-school youths, allow students in school to exercise their democratic autonomy, and implement a two-hour study system for civil servants.

(15) Promote health administration, increase medical equipment, and welcome medical talents to achieve the purpose of alleviating people's diseases, and at the same time provide relief to victims of disasters and refugees from outside. (16) Based on the principle of equality between men and women, improve women's social status politically, economically and culturally, give full play to women's economic initiative, protect female workers, mothers and children, and insist on voluntary monogamous marriage. (17) In accordance with the principle of ethnic equality, implement equal political, economic and cultural rights between the Mongolian and Hui nationalities and the Han nationalities, establish autonomous regions for the Mongolian and Hui nationalities, and respect the religious beliefs and customs of the Mongolian and Hui nationalities.

(18) Overseas Chinese are welcome to come to the border areas to study, participate in anti-Japanese work, or start businesses. (19) Give social homeless elements the opportunity to cultivate land, obtain employment and participate in education, correct the bad habits of civil servants and people from all walks of life who discriminate against homeless elements, and implement policies of fighting for, uniting and educating sectarian organizations. (20) A lenient policy will be implemented for the enemy soldiers and puppet officers and soldiers captured in battle, regardless of their conditions. Those who are willing to participate in the war of resistance will be taken in and given preferential treatment, and those who do not want to be released will not be killed. , insulting, forced to surrender, or forced to write a statement of repentance.Those who have been captured consecutively after release, regardless of the number of times they have been captured, will be treated in the same way.If there are attackers in the country who attack the Eighth Route Army, the New Fourth Army, and any anti-Japanese troops, the method of handling them is similar.

(21) Under the principle of respecting China's sovereignty and obeying government laws and regulations, allow any foreigner to travel to the border areas, participate in anti-Japanese work, or conduct industrial, cultural and religious activities in the border areas.Those who come to the border region due to the oppression of foreign governments due to revolutionary actions, regardless of whether they are the people of the suzerain country or the people of the colonies, the border region government should sincerely protect them all. According to the "New China News" published on May 1, 1941. -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ note [1] Most of this document was added and rewritten by Mao Zedong.He also revised the title "Government Program for the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region" and the caption "(May 1, 30th year of the Republic of China, proposed by the Central Bureau of the Border Region of the Communist Party of China and approved by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China)" for this document. [2] The "regime" here refers to political rights.