Chapter 50 Anti-Surrender Outline-1

— Outline of Report and Conclusions at the Yan'an Senior Cadre Conference (June 1939) Report (June 10) Characteristics of the current situation The characteristic of the current situation is that the possibility of the Kuomintang's surrender has become the greatest danger, and its anti-communist activities are a step in preparation for surrender.The possibility of the Kuomintang's surrender has existed since the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, and it did not happen suddenly today. However, the greatest danger of becoming the current situation is a phenomenon in the current political situation.The KMT’s anti-communism has also existed since the establishment of the united front, and it did not happen suddenly today, but it is the current reality to use anti-communism as a direct step to prepare for surrender.

The present situation is due to three factors, namely: first, Japan's policy of inducing capitulation, second, international pressure, and third, the vacillation of the Chinese landlord and bourgeoisie.This part is described later: 1. The historical development of Japan's surrender policy (1) Japan's basic policy toward China is to destroy China and establish a so-called "new order in East Asia" - this is firm and unchanging, and it cannot be changed in the eyes of the Japanese aggressors.On January 2 this year, Tokyo's "Kingmin Shimbun" (the official newspaper of the military department) said: "The current real issue cannot be retreated and hesitated for a moment. The incident is in the period of clearing up. In case there is an omission in the control of the country, Otherwise, not only will the results of the war be lost, but it will also affect the fate of the country. The later stage of the war is several times more difficult than the early stage. There have been lessons in history. The unfortunate cases of Germany and Russia during the European War era need to be deeply understood by politicians and citizens. "(Nine volumes one issue of "World Knowledge" published on February 1)

To put it in a word, it is: the basic policy of aggression must be implemented, otherwise there will be the danger of German and Russian revolutions.It can be seen from this that it is only a dream that Japan can make fundamental concessions and use the pressure of Britain and the United States to restore the previous state of Marco Polo Bridge (Chiang Kai-shek, many members of the Kuomintang) without a long-term war. (2) Its basic policy (general line) of "destroying China and establishing a new order in East Asia" is firm and will not waver on its own, but its method (or strategy) to implement this basic policy is both hard and soft, and flexible , and may make some temporary, partial and superficial concessions in order to achieve its fundamental purpose.

In general: before Lugouqiao——political inducement to surrender; from Lugouqiao to Wuhan—military attack; from Wuhan to now—political inducement to surrender again. (3) In order to understand the firmness of the enemy's fundamental policy and the firmness of the enemy's tactics, one only needs to look at the following materials: 1. Before the Marco Polo Bridge—prescribe a rigid policy, and implement the occupation of the three northeastern provinces, and adopt diplomatic methods to induce surrender for the whole of China. (1) Tanaka Memorial before the Manchuria Incident (in 1927, that is, on July 25, Showa 2, Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Tanaka Yoshikazu sent a letter to the Imperial Household Minister Yoshiho Ichiki, please represent the emperor of tomorrow) "If you want to conquer the world, you must first conquer China", which stipulates the policy of destroying China.

(2) "September 18" occupied Manchuria in 1931. (3) The Tianyu [1] statement of April 17, 1934 (Tianyu issued a statement on behalf of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs) stated: "Eastern Peace Japan is responsible for it, and opposes China's peaceful conflict with the East, and opposes any other country's actions. Acts against the peace of the East".Publicly stated its policy of destroying China. (4) Hirota's three principles on January 21, 1936 (Hirota officially announced the three principles in the parliament), namely: first, goodwill towards Japan, second, recognition of Manchuria, third, joint prevention of communism .

(5) In the spring of 1937, Takara Matsumuro, head of the Japanese North China Secret Service, issued a secret report with six conclusions, all of which indicated that the method of implementation was both soft and hard. 2. Marco Polo Bridge to Wuhan——In order to implement its hard policy, it mainly adopted resolute military offensive methods, supplemented by political inducement to surrender. (6) A few days after the July 7th Incident in 1937, Foreign Minister Hirota declared non-expansionism.Our Party’s August decision [2] once pointed out that it was a “smoke bomb to cover the attack”, but at the same time it also contained the meaning of “surrender means avoiding attack”.

(7) On July 27, 1937, Lu Xiang Sugiyama made a war speech in the special parliament, "resolutely decided to punish, and the army authorities have taken important measures."The method of expression is hard, hitting, and landing. (8) The peace conditions proposed by Japan after the war.According to the British "Evening Standard", the person in charge of the Japanese government once submitted these conditions to Chiang Kai-shek. The contents included six items: A. Independence of Inner Mongolia; B. Self-government of North China; Coastal fishing rights; E. China's withdrawal from the League of Nations; F. No air force. (November 13, 1937, "Liberation Daily") What he said he wants has so far largely fallen out of this range.

(9) After occupying Nanjing on December 13, 1937, the commander of the Japanese Third Fleet Ryo Hasegawa made a statement on the 27th: "The Japanese Empire is by no means satisfied with today's success. Far, based on the general intention of the empire, the imperial soldiers hope to achieve the goal of complete progress for the eternal peace of the East." He expressed his intention to continue the military offensive. (10) Hirota's New Year's Eve (1937) speech: "If China, a friendly country, can understand Japan's important point of view of peace in East Asia, it will be able to avoid today's suffering. The Japanese government is deeply willing to start a new one in 1938 Peace, solve all problems." The expression method can be soft, as long as it is lowered.

(11) Famous January 16th Declaration.On December 11 (two days before the occupation of Nanjing), the cabinet meeting decided, on the 12th the imperial meeting passed, and Nanjing was occupied on the 13th. On the 17th, Chairman Jiang issued a letter to the country. Publish this manifesto.Its general meaning is: in the future, we will not use the national government as an opponent, and hope that a new government will be established.Respect China's territory, sovereignty and the rights and interests of other countries in China.It means that the policy is hard, and the method is also hard.

(12) On January 20, 1938, Shigeru Kawagoe, the ambassador to China, made a statement to the reporter, saying: "I was ordered to return to China, and Counselor Hidaka stayed in Shanghai, but the purpose of staying in Shanghai was not to negotiate with the Chinese government, but to It is an event that may occur in contact with foreign diplomats. The door to reopen negotiations with the Nationalist Government has been closed. Even if the Nationalist Government reconsiders its attitude in the future, it can only negotiate with the new Chinese organization and cannot use Japan as an opponent.” From January After the declaration on the 16th, war was the main thing, peace was the supplement, Chiang Kai-shek was overthrown, and a new government was established. This talk was the most explicit.

(13) But there is still peace in the war.On January 20, Reuters telegraphed that Hirota announced four peace conditions for German mediation in the 73rd session of the parliament: A. Abandon the alliance with the Communist Party to resist Japan and recognize "Manchuria"; B. Establish non-combat zones in certain areas. C. Economic cooperation between China, Japan and Manchuria; D. Chinese indemnity.This is the minimum peace negotiation condition, that is, the condition that Taudman [4] handed over to Jiang.Jiang once considered accepting it, and Wang Jingwei's "Give an Example" refers to this (Jiang, Er Chen, He [5], and Sun, Yu, and Bai [6] all participated in the discussion of acceptance).In the end Chiang refused, and Hirota announced it in Parliament. (14) Late January in the Seventy-third Parliament: Konoe[7]'s opening speech - "The settlement of the war will take a long time", "The current government adopts a firm policy and will no longer have relations with the Chinese Kuomintang government in the future". Hirota Speech - Announcement of the four conditions of Taudman's submission (see above). Members of the Gerakan Party—ask the government to guarantee that they will never discuss peace terms with the Kuomintang government in the future. Councilman Toshio Shimada——Ask why not declare war on China? The Japanese government announced four key points in its China policy: A. Absolutely not to negotiate with the Nationalist government; B. To prevent arms from being transported to China, it can still declare war on China; C. To be the guardian of the new regime in North China; D. Absolutely not to allow third-party mediation . But on January 29th, Konoe stated in the current parliament: "The act of declaring war is still under consideration, depending on China's future attitude." The door to peace is still open. This reflects the struggle between the peace faction and the war faction in the Japanese government. For this reason, Sugiyama issued a statement at this time that "we must prepare for a long-term war" to confront the peace faction. (15) Masaoyuki Gu, the Japanese ambassador to Shanghai (of the reform government[8]), made a statement on March 9th, saying: "The Chiang Kai-shek regime is about to collapse, but we must continue to intensify the war to promote the fall of the Chiang regime and make the third country give up its attempt to aid Chiang. If methods other than war can enable Chiang to negotiate a peace, it will cost less and be more effective.” In one conversation, one person advocated for both a battle and a peace. (16) On May 2, Konoe made a speech to prepare for a long-term war: "In order to overthrow the Chiang regime and eradicate the evils of East Asia, even if it takes several years, it will not be spared. At the same time, the people of the whole country should do their utmost to support the Japanese anti-communist regime in North China and Central China." (17) On May 9, Hirota delivered a speech at the meeting of local governors, advocating careful handling of the incident: "China's incident has entered the second stage. The Chiang Kai-shek regime advocated a long-term war of resistance and engaged in domestic unity, but failed to achieve the goal of unity. He On the one hand, the import of military supplies from various countries and the aid of the Soviet Union to China are facts. Therefore, the imperial government must take this fact into consideration and handle this incident carefully. When the Jinpu Line was occupied, the Provisional[9] and the Restoration governments immediately merged, The imperial government strongly supports this, so that it can be merged and unified, and it can be developed in a perfect and sound way." The enemy's military headquarters and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs represent hard, and the other represents soft, but there are soft (the secret service of the military headquarters) or soft in the hard. The belt is hard (Ministry of Foreign Affairs), pretending to be red and white. (18) After the fall of Xuzhou, the enemy claimed to hit Kunming.Xuzhou fell on May 19, and on the 22nd the enemy's front-line commander made a speech, saying: "Xuzhou fell, the war has not stopped, and there are three steps in the war: the first step is the battle of Xuzhou, the second step is to attack Hankou, and the third step is to attack Hankou. Attack Chongqing or Kunming." Not bad! (19) On June 17, Minister Nagai delivered a letter, saying that the Chiang regime must be overthrown: "The current government's China policy is to overthrow the Chiang regime, aid the new government, build a new China, and establish eternal peace in East Asia. Other policies also This route must be followed.” (20) During the Zhang Gaofeng Incident[10], it was rumored that Japan proposed five peace conditions to China: "When the border dispute between Japan and the Soviet Union is intensifying, and there is a possibility of a large-scale war, the Sino-Japanese Peace Air is widely rumored today (August 5th) in In Hong Kong, in the morning, "Massive Western News" first published five conditions for Japan to seek peace with China, which were published in every evening paper in the afternoon. The five conditions are: A. The Japanese army withdraws from the occupied area, but China is not allowed to garrison; B. Recognizes "Manchuria"; C. Hongkou, Zhabei, and Jiangwan are leased to Japan for a fixed term of 99 years; D. Compensation for the losses of this war; E. Joint defense against communism." ("Sing Tao Daily", August 5, 27, Hong Kong Newsletter ) (21) Itagaki [11]'s tough theory.On July 1, Itagaki made a statement: "When the Chiang regime still exists, there is absolutely no possibility of peace between China and Japan. Today, Japan can no longer hold peace talks with Chiang Kai-shek."On July 7th, the first anniversary of the incident, Itagaki made a statement: "In the future, no matter how many years the war is extended, there is only one road for the empire to follow (note: referring to conquering China by force). Otherwise, it will not be able to reach the century-old war in the East." Peace." (22) Set up the China Institute to take over the ruling power over China - the president and vice president are the five prime ministers.Not only occupied areas, but also non-occupied areas are under its jurisdiction. (23) On September 29, the military department drove away Ugaki [12].Yu Yuan resigned because of the disagreement between China policy and the military. 3. From Wuhan to the present—the strategy has changed, from hard to soft. (24) Guangzhou was occupied on October 12, Wuhan was occupied on the 25th, and on the 30th Chiang Kai-shek issued an appeal to the people advocating a long-term war of resistance. Therefore, the Japanese government chose the Meiji Memorial Day on November 3, the so-called Tianchang Festival. One day a major manifesto was issued, clearly signaling a change in tactics.The main points are: A. "The national government has become a local government. If it continues to resist Japan, it will never stop military operations until the government is wiped out." B. "The purpose of Japan is to build a new order of long-term stability in East Asia. , Manchuria, and the three countries, and establish a mutual aid and chain relationship in politics, economy, and culture." C. "As for the national government, if it can abandon its wrong policies and let other people do the work of rejuvenation and the maintenance of order, then the empire will not be able to I will reject it." The policy has changed, announcing the abolition of the policy of not using the Nationalist government as an opponent and the establishment of a puppet regime, and stating that the Nationalist government can be an opponent, but only if Chiang Kai-shek goes down. (25) Konoe's statement on December 22, that is, a statement supported by Wang Jingwei's telegram and refuted by Chiang Kai-shek's speech.Its main points: A. "China, Japan, and Manchukuo should aim to build a new order in East Asia, combine each other, be friendly to each other, and implement joint defense against communism and economic cooperation"; B. "Therefore, China must cooperate with 'Manchukuo' 'Establish a complete diplomatic relationship between the two countries'; C. "Conclude the Sino-Japanese anti-communist agreement, station troops in specific places to prevent the communist party, and use Inner Mongolia as a special anti-communist area"; D. "Sino-Japanese economic cooperation: imperial subjects have the freedom to live and do business in mainland China , in North China and Inner Mongolia to facilitate the development and utilization of resources by Japan"; E. "Japan is allowed to consider returning the concessions and abolishing extraterritorial rights."Reaffirm the basic policy of the November 3 declaration, adding specific content.As long as the sun falls, the Nationalist government and Chiang Kai-shek (from the beginning of allowing Chiang to exist) can exist, central and southern China can withdraw, and northern China is necessary, but the name of sovereignty is still unnecessary. (26) The Hiranuma [13] cabinet continued this policy, and it remains unchanged to this day. (27) Japan instigated extensive "peace movements" in China, set up so-called "peace pacification war meetings", held meetings and distributed leaflets everywhere.The establishment of a unified central government has not been mentioned for a long time. Although it is mentioned occasionally, it will only scare Chiang. Unless Chiang resists the war to the end, it is reserved for Chiang. (28) A grand conspiracy to alienate the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and use the Three People's Principles.Shinichi Matsumoto, a Japanese, wrote an article titled "Struggling for the Mass Issue of the Chinese People", in which he said: "The purpose of the empire's use of force is firstly to completely attack the anti-Japanese regime and army, and secondly to promote the integration and integration of the two ethnic groups and the establishment of peace in the East. The reality is actually a contradiction of opposites. Looking at the history since the incident, although the guiding principle of the anti-Japanese regime is erroneous, the Chiang regime has the essence of a national regime and has the support of the majority of the Chinese people. The reason why the current regime can It is because of this that the Chinese Communist Party, the Chinese Youth Party, the anti-Japanese coalition, and the old soldiers are enthusiastically supported. Today, one side wants to destroy the Chiang regime, and the other side wants to cooperate with the Chinese nation. To overthrow Chiang, the more the Chinese people support Chiang. If you want to overthrow Chiang, you can't catch the people, and if you want to catch the people, you can't overthrow Chiang, so the fundamental difficulty of our country lies in this." "The interim and reform governments do not yet have a popular base. If there is a popular base, it is not difficult for the two governments of the North and the South to merge. The program of the new government should take the Kuomintang's Three People's Principles as its banner, and the tasks of the new government should be based on nationalism, civil rights, The realization of the principle of people's livelihood. It may be said that the flag of the enemy is the same as ours, so it is inevitable to be confused. But we can tell them that their call is to "resist the war while implementing the Three People's Principles." Building the Three People's Principles' calls for it." "The cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party is the backbone of the Anti-Japanese United Front, and it is really necessary to attack it." "The purpose of the Wuhan operation is to disperse the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. Therefore, the occupation of Wuhan seems to insert a wedge between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. Both strategic and political parties are dispersing the power of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party." (Above see "Ta Kung Pao" January 23 this year) (29) Shanghai Herald pointed out the danger of Munich in the Far East on February 17: "On the one hand, it is seeking truth from facts, striving to strengthen the local regime, and organizing the so-called Jianghan government. On the other hand, it is carrying out larger The scale includes an international conspiracy. The main purpose of this conspiracy is to oppress and lure Britain and France to use international conferences (public or secret) to force China to compromise with Japan, although Japan has stated that it does not want a third country to participate in the settlement Conflict between China and Japan." And said: "It is wrong to think that Wang Jingwei will be fine, and he will still play a very bad role in the future." The twenty-nine materials I cited above illustrate the historical development of Japan’s policy of inducing surrender to China, and fully prove the following three points: First, Japan's general policy of subjugating China is very firm and will never change. It must turn China into its colony and establish the so-called "New East Asian Order". Second, its implementation method is both soft and hard, and it has a certain emphasis according to the time. Before Wuhan, it was mainly fighting, but there was peace in the war; surrender. Third, it also tried its best to instigate Britain, the United States, and France to convene a peace conference in the Far East. The danger of Munich in the Far East is on the head of the Chinese. (4) There are three sections above. The first section points out that its basic policy remains unchanged; the second section points out that its implementation method is both soft and hard; the third section explains the historical development of its implementation method from hard to soft from 29 materials. Proof that surrender is the greatest danger of the moment.Now this fourth section explains the reasons for its main peace from its financial, economic, and military aspects.Japan is already in the financial position (12 billion yuan in three years, 2.55 billion yuan in the first year, 4.85 billion yuan in the second year, 4.65 billion yuan in the third year) , the economy (increase in imports and decrease in output, military industry overthrows peaceful industry, prices rise sharply, people's livelihood deteriorates, cash is exhausted, foreign exchange is unstable), and military (strength of troops, scattered troops) is in a difficult situation. To prepare for an international war, it tried its best to instigate China to surrender, split the anti-Japanese front, use Wang Jingwei to persuade Chiang Kai-shek, and prepare to use the Three People's Principles and the Kuomintang. This conspiracy is very vicious.The enemy's war is not terrible, but peace is very dangerous. "Ta Kung Pao" once called it "peace like a hanged ghost", and China will die without a problem. (5) In order to show the sincerity of peace to the Kuomintang, Britain and the United States, Japan vigorously "mopped up" the Eighth Route Army (fifteen divisions in North China), and is now attempting to attack northern Shaanxi as a step to promote the Kuomintang's surrender to Japan and anti-communism . The above is Japan's capitulation policy. 2. Pressure from Britain, the United States and France The second factor that makes the danger of China's capitulation the greatest danger at present is the pressure imposed on the Chinese government by the capitulationists in Britain, the United States, and France. The laissez-faire policy adopted by non-aggressive countries such as Britain, the United States, and France in regard to the aggressive wars waged by the aggressor countries, as Stalin pointed out, is not due to their lack of strength, nor is it simply due to their fear of revolution, but because they "sit on the mountain Watch the tiger fight" conspiracy plan. At the very beginning, they encouraged Japan to go to war, saying that "China can be defeated in three months."They then gave up Shanghai and made the war go deep into the interior.They would rather keep Hong Kong under siege and Japan occupy Canton and Hainan Island.They supplied Japan with military supplies in large quantities, making it possible for Japan to carry out a war of attrition. They have also claimed to aid China, and they have already implemented some aid, borrowing a small amount of money and supplying some military supplies, so that China may wage a war of attrition with Japan.They often preach that "China will win", which makes China more courageous in the war of attrition.The central purpose of all these is to consume both sides in the war. When both sides are exhausted, they will come out with "healthy bodies" and order the two sides to cease fighting, so that both sides will obey their words. This is also the purpose of their connivance with Germany and their aggressive actions in the West. They want Germany and the USSR to fight while they sit back and watch, then take advantage of their exhaustion and plunder. They have always disapproved of the universal security plan proposed by the Soviet Union. They are not willing to guarantee the security of the three Baltic countries[14] in this way (to open a gap for Germany to attack the Soviet Union). This is the reason for the one-sidedness of the war (the war of aggression is harmful to the interests of Britain, the United States, and France, but Britain, the United States, and France take a bystander attitude). When the snipe and the clam confront each other, the fisherman benefits—this is the current policy of the British, American and French imperialists. There are profound contradictions between these non-aggressive countries and aggressive countries, but they will not give up their "fisherman" policy until a certain degree. Molotov [15] said that "Britain and France have made progress, but the so-called progress is superficial", and Stalin said "don't be exploited by others", which means that the fisherman policy of Britain and France has not given up. fooled. The agreement between Britain, France and the Soviet Union may be established, but it is difficult to be optimistic at present, and after it is established, it may break down.The new Munich danger has not gone away. The Sixth Plenary Session pointed out that the governments of the United Kingdom, the United States, and France are not reliable, and only their people are reliable.The anti-war and anti-fascist forces of the people of Britain, the United States, and France are gradually growing, and only such forces are ultimately reliable. The Soviet Union stated that it would continue to assist China, but it would never approve of China's surrender. The Far East Munich instigated by Britain, the United States, and France is now approaching a critical season.They seem to be thinking this way: I hope that China will fight for another six months, and both sides will be a little more tired, and then it will be the opening of the Far East Munich. The second factor in the danger of China's surrender lies in this international situation. 3. The wavering of the landlord and bourgeoisie in China (1) The inevitability of bourgeois rebellion. 1. The Congress of the Soviet Area in May 1937 pointed out: "The Chinese bourgeoisie, which was able to participate in the opposition to imperialism and feudalism in a certain historical environment, was weak in economics and politics, and in another The historical environment will be shaken and turned, this law has been proved in Chinese history. Therefore, the task of China's anti-imperialist and anti-feudal bourgeois-democratic revolution has been judged by history not to be led by the bourgeoisie, but must be carried out by the proletariat. Only leadership can accomplish it.” 2. The decision of the Central Committee on August 25, 1937 stated: "Due to the above-mentioned serious weaknesses in the current war of resistance, many defeats, retreats, and internal divisions and rebellions may occur in the course of the war of resistance in the future. , Temporary and partial compromises and other unfavorable situations. The loss of Pingjin is the most serious lesson after the loss of the four northeastern provinces[16]. Therefore, it should be seen that this war of resistance is a arduous and protracted war.” 3. The Sixth Plenary Session of the Central Committee pointed out the serious existence of compromise crisis, and put opposition to surrender and compromise as the first item.Pointing out that the Kuomintang has a bright future, but at the same time pointing out that there are still obstacles in its future. If it is not overcome, there will be no bright future: "Obviously, the so-called all parties have a bright future under the premise of persisting in the War of Resistance and the United Front. Including efforts to overcome the conservative tendencies within the parties. If there are conservative tendencies that are unfavorable to the War of Resistance and the United Front and are allowed to develop, there is a danger of ruining their bright future. Whether it is the Kuomintang or the Communist Party, It's the same for other parties, too."The Kuomintang is a party with the bourgeoisie as its backbone and is under the guidance of the bourgeoisie. (2) The Kuomintang after the Fifth Plenary Session. 1. The Fifth Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China still took the main direction of uniting the Communist Party to fight against Japan, but at the same time included the factors of anti-communism and falling to the sun: (1) decided to rely on international pressure to peacefully resolve the Sino-Japanese issue; (2) decided to prevent the communist and anti-communist policy (but not war), the "Communist Anti-Communist Committee" was established. 2. The Lord and the air enveloped for a while: Prohibition against Far East Munich.In the latest issue of "Digest" published by Chongqing, an article titled "Will Britain Come to the Far East with a Munich?" was deleted. Many publications published articles advocating reliance on Britain and the United States to sanction Japan, implying that international mediation conferences should be held to solve the problem. Many people in the party department of the government are peaceful, and there are such people in the army. The "possible surrender of the Kuomintang" has always existed, but today it has become the greatest danger. If it is not overcome, China's war of resistance will suffer a great setback. 3. The Kuomintang is already carrying out the main preparations for its surrender, that is, anti-communism. Anti-communism is the most important part of the preparations for surrender. Over the past six months, anti-communist activities have been particularly intense in North China, Central China, South China, and Northwest China.In North China: The Eighth Route Army regained lost ground from Japan, and the Kuomintang "recovered lost ground" from the Communist Party.In the Northwest: The Communist Party did not go beyond the border area, while the Kuomintang used force to invade many places in the border area (Zhenning, Ningxian, Xunyi, Jingbian, Wayaobao).The reason is that the Communist Party is the biggest obstacle to surrender, and you cannot surrender without anti-communism. Everything is an excuse, and preparations for surrender are reality. Numerous fake documents were produced. The above three factors and three reasons make the current situation in a serious struggle between the capitulation faction and the anti-Japanese faction. Surrender may become the greatest danger at present, and anti-communism is an inevitable step in preparing to surrender. Among the three reasons, the vacillation of the Chinese landlord and bourgeoisie is the main reason. If we do not vacillate ourselves, the enemy's policy of inducing surrender will be useless, and international pressure to persuade them to surrender will be useless. This situation is different from the Sixth Plenary Session.At that time, the War of Resistance was still at its height, as evidenced by Chiang's declaration on October 30 and Chiang's speech refuting Konoe on December 26.Now, it is when the enemy is focusing on inducing surrender and it has already taken effect, when Britain and the United States are intensifying their instigation of surrender, and after the Fifth Plenary Session of the Kuomintang Central Committee decided to rely on Britain and the United States and implement an anti-communist policy.Therefore, at that time, although anti-surrender was the first item, it was actually not as serious as it is now. In the past eight months, the situation has turned to the most serious anti-Communist and surrender.Therefore, now we have added a new specific task, which is to oppose surrender with all our strength. Various pretexts for ready surrender: The first excuse - the Communist Party is making trouble, this is wrong.falsified documents.The frontier was attacked.No pay for the Eighth Route Army.The whole country implements a good united front policy and supports Chiang Kai-shek government.National Landless Revolution.The heroic battles of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army. The second excuse - Soviet conspiracy, this is not true.Helped the Chinese Revolution in 1927.In the past two years, it has provided the largest assistance to China in the War of Resistance.It has not conspired against any country.Many countries form alliances with it. The third excuse - financial and economic difficulties, this is wrong.Any difficulty can be overcome as long as the new policy of the Sixth Plenary Session is adopted.The experience of the Red Army in the past, that is, the Eighth Route Army in the present, has overcome difficulties. The fourth excuse - people are war-weary, this is wrong.To say that Japan is doing this kind of propaganda is to say that it is echoing Japanese propaganda.The people are dissatisfied with the military service law because they resent the wrong method, not the War of Resistance.And extremely suppressed the democratic movement. The fifth excuse - military weariness, this is wrong.Slander the Anti-Japanese Army.Most officers and soldiers fought for national liberation.Most officers and soldiers loathe the Civil War. The sixth excuse - international helplessness, this is wrong.The war of resistance mainly depends on oneself rather than others.The strong assistance of the Soviet Union and the sympathy of the people of all countries.The governments of Britain, the United States and France are not reliable. The seventh excuse - the enemy is too strong, this is wrong.The enemy has already spent a lot, 1.2 billion yuan in three years, and the troops are insufficient and scattered.My terrain is good and my morale is high. There are many excuses. The future of the Anti-Japanese War (probably estimated, can not die) However, the War of Resistance must be persisted. The Anti-Japanese National United Front must cooperate with the Kuomintang and the Communist Party to consolidate and develop it. The banner of the Three People's Principles and the slogan of the Three People's Principles of the Republic must be adhered to. This is the basic task of the party. The possibility of the Kuomintang surrendering and continuing the war of resistance may be two possibilities.There are those who surrender and those who resist the war, and there are two situations. "There may be many setbacks, retreats, internal divisions and rebellions, and temporary and partial compromises"-this is one aspect. "However, we believe that the war of resistance that has already been launched will continue to advance and develop because of the efforts of our party and the people of the whole country, breaking through all obstacles." His victory is unquestionable."—This is another aspect. (See both "August Decisions") There may be two prospects for the war of resistance: the first prospect - most of the war of resistance, a small part of the surrender; the second prospect - most of the surrender, a small part of the war of resistance. The long-term tortuousness of the Chinese revolution: the first prospect is also long-term tortuous; the second prospect is even more long-term tortuous. We have never imagined that the war of resistance should be based on the theory of quick victory and the theory of a straight line (one-character theory), but we have always advocated the theory of long-term and curved lines (the theory of zigzag).It has never been advocated that without mobilizing the people of the whole country and implementing national democratization, surrender can be overcome and victory can be won.To overcome capitulation and win victory must be done by the majority of the people, all patriotic progressive elements of all parties and factions. It is unthinkable that the Kuomintang surrendered neatly and without a single person left. The Great Revolution failed in 1927, and the entire Kuomintang surrendered to imperialism and launched an anti-communist war.But the situation at that time was: (1) no imperialist invaded China; (2) all imperialists sponsored Chiang Kai-shek to fight against the Communist Party, and all countries were temporarily stable; able to mobilize the army; (4) the people of the whole country have not tasted the taste of the anti-communist war, have not suffered painful lessons, and have not been deceived; (5) the Communist Party has no experience during the failure of the United Front, and has no armed forces (both failed ), the main lack of war experience; (6) the world is not a period of revolution and war, but a reactionary period; (7) the Soviet Union is not as powerful as it is today. However, Song, He, Deng Yanda[17] and others persisted in the revolution and did not rebel. After September 18th, there were Feng Yuxiang[18], Cai Tingkai[19], Zhao Bosheng, Dong Zhentang, Ji Zhentong[20], Ji Hongchang and Ren Yingqi[21], Zhang Xueliang, Yang Hucheng[22], and Chen Jitang[23] ], Sun Ke. In today's situation, there are two years of history of the War of Resistance. If there is Miaha[24], there is Hacha[25]—China is not Spain or the Czech Republic. 1. There will be surrenderers (this is inevitable, there is already Wang Jingwei, there will be Zhang Jingwei, Li Jingwei), and there will be those who oppose surrender. 2. There are those who resolutely surrender and never return, and there are also those who surrender for a while and are ready to fight again. 3. There are those who surrender first and then fight (some people have to be traitors once before they can get better), and there are also those who surrender first, then fight and then surrender. 4. The people and military officers may have been deceived at first, but later awakened to resist.For example, deceit such as "the Communist Party is making trouble", "the Eighth Route Army rebelled", "the international situation is not good", "financial difficulties", "the Soviet Union wants to redify China", "temporarily submit to Xu Tu's resistance" and other deceptions will inevitably come. 5. The enemy must not allow the existence of a capitulation group with national unity and non-interference, and it must adopt a policy of fragmentation.At that time, many puppet regimes may exist at the same time to facilitate their rule.Civil war is possible among various armed surrenders - China is the country most likely (large land, decentralized economy) and most experienced in civil war. Sixth, the enemy may give way first and then intervene.When it backs down—it may capitulate; when it interferes—it may break. 7. Franco [26] did not take Miaha in, and Hitler did not take Hacha in.In the end, Japan will only accept Wang Jingwei and the like. 8. We all know the experience of the Manchurian people and the army.It is certain that the Chinese army cannot be wiped out; In short, it must be a chaotic situation at that time, not a unified situation.At that time, the Communist Party will become the savior of the people of the whole country, and the people of the whole country look forward to seeing each other like old age.At that time, the Chinese people's hopes for the Soviet Union will surely increase.At that time, the International will be in a state of war and revolution.At that time, Japan's conflict with Britain, the United States, and France was possible.If this happens, it will be the reality of the long-term and tortuous nature of the Chinese revolution. It cannot be imagined that an undemocratic government such as the current government can fight to the end.It cannot be conceived that such a government could win final victory.Not once did we hope for it, nor did we say it. Only a government that is willing to mobilize the people of the whole country, including the Communist Party, can lead the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. The transformation of old things goes through the process of rebellion and overcoming. At that time, an anti-Japanese national united front government (including the Communist Party) may emerge. At that time, China may have three kinds of governments—Japanese puppet government, semi-puppet government, and anti-Japanese government.The struggle between these types of governments will constitute the so-called stalemate.The so-called stalemate stage may be the stage of such a situation. The inability to win quickly is also due to this situation. The country will not perish because of this situation. In the future, the situation of the War of Resistance will be nothing more than two ways, as I said before: 1. Most of the war will be fought and a small part will surrender;If it is the second prospect, its possible situation is as described above.But the first prospect is not hopeless at present.the reason is: Domestically - first, many soldiers support the war of resistance; second, the anti-war faction in the Kuomintang; third, the Communist Party opposes surrender; fourth, the people oppose surrender. Internationally - first, the aid of the Soviet Union; second, the lessons of Spain and the Czech Republic; third, the public opinion of the European and American people. In Japan - financial, economic, military difficulties. But this can only be done by consolidating and expanding the united front. If the second prospect arises, it will not only be a split in the government, but also a split between the Three People's Principles and the Kuomintang: The Japanese Three People's Principles and the Kuomintang -- they are already doing it. After Wang Jingwei, this is a fake Three People's Principles and a fake Kuomintang. The intermediate Three People's Principles and the Kuomintang—has sprouted and is running, this is the half-truth and half-false Three People's Principles and the Kuomintang. The Three People's Principles of the Chinese people and the Kuomintang—has already happened and is developing. This is the true Three People's Principles and the true Kuomintang. Whether the Three People's Principles and the Kuomintang can avoid the above-mentioned split (split is inevitable) depends on the efforts of the Kuomintang, the Communist Party and the people of the whole country. Therefore, there are several possible situations in the stalemate stage: 1. The stage of a stalemate in which most of the war of resistance and a small part of surrender—that is, to overcome the possibility of surrender, win the majority of the war of resistance, fight it, and stop Japan's military offensive in addition to destroying Japan's political conspiracy.This is the stalemate stage of the first situation, which is the most ideal and most hoped. 2. The stalemate stage of the war of resistance with most surrendering and a small group (the Communist Party and all those who do not want to surrender will continue to fight, even if it is a small group)—even if the majority surrenders, the remaining small group will resist the war, as long as it can be consolidated A small unit, consolidating the anti-Japanese base areas, can also hold a stalemate with the enemy, just like the small Red Army held a stalemate with the enemy in the base areas in the past.不同的，过去是内战，今后是对日本与对汉奸，而不是内战。 在站住了脚，不是继续后退了这一点上说来，在它是全国唯一的抗日军这一点上说来，这也是一种相持局面。 这是第二种相持局面。 三、由小部再到大部的相持阶段——这是第三种相持阶段。 由于小部坚持抗战，坚持统一战线，坚持持久战，坚持国共合作，坚持三民主义，将投降派所把持的阵地分化过来，再争取大部抗战。那时，如果还不能对敌人反攻，则还是一个相持阶段。 我们力争第一种相持局面。不得已再是第二种，且其前途还有第三种。 危险是存在的。但总的前途是光明的。 在危险环境中表示绝望的人，在黑暗中看不见光明的人，只是懦夫与机会主义者。 还在一九三七年苏区代表大会就指出了资产阶级叛变的必然性。 还在一九三七年八月中央又指出“抗战是艰苦的持久战”，“可能发生许多挫败、退却，内部的分化叛变”。 十一月又指出民族投降主义与阶级投降主义的危险等。 这些，我们都预料到了的，它的发生并不是突然的。 抗战前途，不外好坏二途。我们力争好的前途，同时准备即使很坏，我们也有办法。 总的前途是光明的，但必然经过长期的斗争与曲折的斗争。短期的与直线的胜利是没有的。我们历来反对速胜论与亡国论，今天仍一样。 以为地主资产阶级叛变就等于亡国，这是没有看到:一、共产党、八路军、新四军的存在；二、抗日友军中的抗日情绪；三、国民党中的抗战派；四、资产阶级中目前不愿投降者；五、沦陷区仍然受压迫的资产阶级；六、广大的小资产阶级与农民；七、苏联的援助。不看见这些正在生长的力量，只看见地主资产阶级投降了，就认为整个世界都黑暗了，于是发生惊慌失措、动摇逃跑等现象，这是完全不对的。 六中全会说，相持阶段必是“更加困难，同时更加进步”的阶段。更加困难，就是敌人之外，还加上投降叛变。更加进步，就是经过各种形式的斗争(包括战争)，抗日的国民党继续同共产党合作，国民党便能更加进步。一部叛变，大部抗日——这种情况是我们希望的，过去这样希望，现仍如此，要力争之。大部叛变(甚至一时表现为全体)，一部抗日——这种情况不是我们希望的，但是可能的。如果出现，我们就要把它颠倒过来，这也是可能的，也要力争。 当前的任务 估计到上述好坏两种可能情况，特别是可能的坏的情况，党的任务是什么呢? 第一，全党努力从思想上组织上准备自己，并准备舆论，准备群众，随时可以对付事变——各种意料之外的袭击，各种大小事变。 第二，全党努力，同一切爱国进步分子，一切爱国进步的国民党人员(上层的、中层的、下层的群众)亲密联合在一块，并和他们一道(如果在国民党统治区域，必须和他们一道，不是我们单独)去动员群众，开展反投降斗争，公开揭穿反共即准备投降的实质，以孤立投降派与反共分子，以便继续抗日。 在这里要加强统一战线的工作与人员。 第三，不论何种情况，党的基本任务是巩固、扩大抗日民族统一战线，坚持国共合作与三民主义。必须坚持这种方针，不能有任何的动摇。 党的一般任务就是这样。 基于上述的任务，党应注意对下述各问题了解、解释并进行必要的工作: 一、六中全会的方针与现在的方针之间是否一致问题 六中全会的方针是正确的，六中全会在全国有很大的影响。我们的积极团结全国争取抗战胜利的方针，因为六中全会文件的发布，更加深入人心了。我们的统一战线工作与党的组织工作，因为六中全会的指示在全国更加发展了。 现在，投降危险与反共阴谋成为当前主要危险，故须指出这种新的情况(过去还不是事实，只能一般指出，现在已有成为事实之可能，故须具体指出)，才能克服投降危险，并准备如果投降由可能变为事实时及时采取必要的对付政策，但基本方针仍然是六中全会的，并且只要指导适当，可能使抗战的实际内容发展到一个更高的阶段。