Chapter 64 The working policy of the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China [1]

(April 21, 1945) On behalf of comrades! Today we can have a very good congress.The timing is good, we have great strength, and our party is more united than ever before. What is the policy of our conference? It should be: unite and strive for victory.Simply put, it is a unity and a victory.Victory is our goal, unity is our front, our team.We must have a united team to defeat our enemies and strive for victory, and the most important and leading member of the team is our Party.Without our party, it is impossible for the Chinese people to win. The struggle of the Chinese people for liberation has been going on for more than a hundred years, let alone a relatively recent history.From the Opium War with the British in 1840 to 1945, it has been 105 years.During the past one hundred years, there have been many great changes. The biggest change is from the old democratic revolution to the new democratic revolution.There was no leadership of the proletariat before.When the bourgeoisie was just beginning to emerge, or when it grew a little bit, or later, when the proletariat did not have its own vanguard, the level of consciousness of the proletariat was not high, but the bourgeoisie had various It has advantages in culture, economy, and political experience. It has political parties, slogans, and goals of its own.But the proletariat does not have these, it follows the bourgeoisie.It is only in the past twenty years that the proletariat has its own political party, slogans and goals.

The most famous struggles in modern China include the Opium War, the Taiping Rebellion, the Sino-French War, and the Sino-French War in the 20th year of Guangxu, followed by the Reform Movement of 1898, the Boxer Movement, and the Revolution of 1911.The revolution is against two things: one is called foreign oppression, and the other is called feudal oppression.The Chinese people are always dissatisfied with these two things and always want to rise up to resist.Get up once, be beaten down, get up again, be beaten down again, this kind of history has almost 80 years.Under what circumstances did the May 4th Movement of 1919 take place? It was after the First World War.Human history is said to be 500,000 years old. [2] Among these 500,000 years, one section is the history of barbarism and the other section is the history of civilization.The history of civilization is only five thousand years or a little more.Our Chinese history is very long, but it is only 4,000 to 5,000 years old.Calculated from the era of the Yellow Emperor to the 4,609 years of the Xinhai Revolution, plus the 34 years after the Xinhai Revolution, it is only 4,643 years.In fact, the era of the so-called Yellow Emperor was not yet a civilized society.A civilized society starts from a slave society, and in China, according to available reliable data, it should start from Shang and Zhou.It has been 5,000 years since the first world war occurred in a civilized society.The world war this time occurred when world capitalism developed into the twentieth century. Capitalists collided with capitalists. There were fewer markets.This is the so-called era of imperialism.The first world war in the entire history of mankind took place in 1914. Anyone over the age of 30 here will know and remember this.As I said just now, this war is a reflection of the development of the world economy. When the world economy develops to that extent, such problems will inevitably arise.Marxists have long anticipated this.This war is a war of destruction, a war of injustice, a war that damages the interests of mankind, and a war to snatch markets. This is its negative aspect.But it also produced positive aspects, that is, the October Revolution in Russia, the Communist Party in many countries, and the proletariat in many countries produced their own vanguards, and China is one of them.With the world war came a period of world revolution.First the October Revolution broke out in Russia, followed by the German Revolution, the Hungarian Revolution, and the Italian Revolution, but these were all crushed.Because the proletariat in these countries is still divided, there are Communist parties and social democrats, and the consciousness of the proletariat is not enough.Only the October Revolution in Russia was victorious.After the victory of World War I and the October Revolution, the face of the world and the direction of history changed.World history has been developing and progressing for thousands of years, but only after the First World War and the October Revolution did it take a new direction.The slave society and the feudal society and capitalist society that followed were all societies in which man exploited man.The new historical direction after the October Revolution is to abolish the system of man-to-man exploitation.The Russian people have won.Many countries have communist parties.Our party was established in 1921, and this year has a history of 24 years.The Communist Party of Japan was established in 1922 and the Communist Party of India in 1920.This is the case in several big countries in the East, and other communist parties such as France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States were generally born during this period.In 1919, Lenin organized the Third International.

Since the May 4th Movement, China has changed from the old democratic revolution to the new democratic revolution.The May 4th Movement was launched by the masses, and it was the ranks of the masses who openly opposed their enemies in the streets.At the beginning, only enlightened and advanced students participated. When it developed to the "June 3rd", not only students in Shanghai, but also a large number of workers and business circles participated. Later, Hankou, Changsha, the Yangtze River Valley, and the Pearl River Valley were all involved in this trend in.The May 4th Movement was attended by the most enlightened elements in China, such as Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao.In the May 4th Movement, there were left and right wings, and Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao represented the left wing.At that time, there was no Communist Party in China, but a small number of people already had initial communist ideas.

The sound of the October Revolution gave the proletariat and other advanced elements of the world a lesson in communism.Marx and Engels founded the Marxist theory in 1843 (three years after the Opium War), but from 1843 to 1917, 74 years, the impact was mainly limited to Europe, the world Most people are not aware of the so-called Marxism.Marxism was born in Europe, and it started to walk in Europe, but it was relatively slow.At that time, except for a very small number of foreign students in our country, most people in China didn’t know about it, and I didn’t know that there was a Marxist in the world, but now all fourteen or fifteen-year-old children know about it, so I say, comrades, you are very happy.At that time, we were grown up, and we didn't know how high the sky was, how thick the earth was, and we didn't even know what kind of imperialism or Marxism existed in the world.When I entered school, I only knew a few bourgeois heroes, such as Washington and Napoleon[3].Someone like Liang Qichao and Zhu Zhixin mentioned Marxism before. [4] It is said that there is another person who translated Engels' "The Development of Socialism from Utopia to Science" in a magazine. [5] In short, I didn't see it at that time, and even if I did, it slipped by in a flash and I didn't pay attention.Zhu Zhixin is a member of the Kuomintang. From this point of view, the Kuomintang is the first to talk about Marxism.But no one in China really knew about Marxist communism before.The gunfire of the October Revolution flew faster than an airplane.It may take more than one day for the plane to get here from Moscow, but it only takes one day for the news, that is to say, the Russian revolution broke out on November 7th, and China will know it on November 8th.At that time, the revolutionary party in Russia was called a radical party.For more than 70 years, Marxism has moved so slowly, but since the October Revolution, it has moved so fast.Because it moved so fast, the mental outlook of the Chinese people in 1919 was different. After the May 4th Movement, they quickly understood the slogan of overthrowing imperialism and feudal forces.Before that, who knew how to raise such a slogan? No idea! Such a slogan and such a clear program have been put forward since the Chinese proletariat produced its own vanguard—the Communist Party.

In 1921, our party held its first congress.Among the twelve representatives, those who are still alive are members of the Communist Party (rebels such as Zhang Guotao[6] and his ilk are not counted), one is Chen Tanqiu[7], who is now imprisoned by the Kuomintang in Xinjiang, and the other is Dong Biwu[8] ], and now fly to San Francisco, I am one too.Among the twelve representatives, two are now traitors in Nanjing, one is Zhou Fohai[9] and the other is Chen Gongbo[10].The meeting was held in July, and we now set July 1st as the anniversary of the party.It was originally opened in Shanghai, but because the police station wanted to arrest people, it ran to Nanhu Lake in Jiaxing, Zhejiang, and opened it on a boat.Did you send out a manifesto? I don't remember.At that time, they didn't know much about Marxism and how to deal with world affairs.The so-called representatives, how can there be comrades who are so clever now, who understand this and that.They don't know anything about economy, culture, party affairs, rectification movement, etc.I was like that at the time, and so was everyone else.At that time, Chen Duxiu was not present at the meeting. He was the Director of Education in Guangdong.We have a saying in China: "The beginning of the work is simple, and the end of the work must be great." [11] Now we have not "completed", but it is already very big. The first line on the first page of the "History of the Communist Party of the Union" states that the Communist Party of the Soviet Union developed from a Marxist group into a party leading the Soviet Federation.We also went from a small group to the establishment of the party, and developed to the whole country through the base areas. Now we are still in the base areas and have not yet reached the whole country.When we started, it was also a small group.This meeting sent me a form, one of which was to fill in who introduced me to join the party.I said I don't have an introducer.We did it by ourselves at that time, and we didn't know much. It can be said that we were young and ignorant, and we didn't know the world.But in the next twenty-four years, nothing will happen. The world will be turned upside down! The whole world will also be turned upside down.China has experienced earth-shaking twenty-four years, and the world has experienced earth-shaking twenty-eight years.These twenty-eight years are the twenty-eight years since the Communist Party of the Soviet Union won the revolutionary victory, and the twenty-four years of the Communist Party of China are also twenty-four years that are quite different from the past.This point must be made known to the general public.

There has never been such a people since ancient times, and there has never been such a Communist Party since ancient times.During the past twenty-four years, the Communist Party and the Northern Expedition have grown vigorously and vigorously.But in the middle, someone shot him in the middle and shot him on the ground, and he got up and beat him again. This is called the Agrarian Revolution.The period from 1921 to 1927 was mainly the Northern Expedition, the period from 1927 to 1937 was the Civil War, and the period from 1937 to the present is the Eight-Year War of Resistance Against Japan.Not many comrades today have experienced three periods, but many have experienced two periods.This is for our entire party.Among the representatives present, this statistics has not been done yet. Whether there are more elders in the three dynasties, two dynasties, or one dynasties is still unknown.This is how we have gone in the past twenty-four years: seven years from the founding of the party to the Northern Expedition, ten years of civil war and eight years of the Anti-Japanese War.Our party has experienced hardships and hardships, and fought vigorously and heroically.Since ancient times, there has not been a group in China that, like the Communist Party, has sacrificed everything and how many people to do such a big thing.

During the seven years of the First Revolution, the maximum number of party members did not exceed 60,000.It was a great experience to be slapped on the ground by someone, and fell to the ground like a basket of eggs. A lot of eggs were smashed, but not all were smashed, and then picked up again to hatch chickens.It is right to be shot by others, lose your temper, and then do it again. It is very good, such as overthrowing feudal forces and imperialism.Chiang Kai-shek colluded with imperialism and feudal forces, so we raised the revolutionary slogan, "Down with Chiang Kai-shek," and fought against him for ten years.Fighting Chiang Kai-shek is good, but how to organize the troops, and how to fire the guns after organizing the troops, there have been many different opinions. This is what we talked about in the "Resolution on Certain Historical Issues".Generally speaking, the different opinions are mainly related to these three issues: first, what is an enemy and what is a friend; second, how to organize a team; third, how to play.Among the disagreements on these three issues, some comrades' opinions are generally more appropriate, suitable for China's national conditions, more correct, and better on issues of team organization and how to play, but they are not perfect.At that time, comrades in the party were all over the place, and most of them didn't know each other except for a few people who were arrested by the Kuomintang with a reward of tens of thousands of yuan.But opinions can be the same, either on such a question or on that one.

I have seen Sun Yat-sen before, and many comrades present have seen him.He died in 1925.I met him when he had devoted thirty-nine years to the National Revolution, when he was almost sixty years old.At that time, the Kuomintang held its first national congress, and Mr. Lin [12] who was present was also one of them.We attend the Kuomintang Congress as members of the Communist Party, so-called "cross-party elements", members of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party at the same time.At that time, the Kuomintang in each province was organized with our help.At that time, we could do nothing if we didn't do anything, because the Kuomintang didn't know how to organize the Kuomintang and devoted itself to the national revolution for thirty-nine years, but they didn't hold a congress.After we joined the Kuomintang, the first congress was held in 1924.The manifesto was drafted by us, and many things were done by us. Among them was Borodin [13], who served as an advisor and a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and Qu Qiubai [14], a member of the Chinese Communist Party who joined the Kuomintang.Sun Yat-sen has a good point. When there is no other way, he will come to us.He listened to everything Borodin said.At that time, it was called "Taking Russia as a Teacher" because he always failed in the thirty-nine years of revolution.At that time we proposed to overthrow imperialism, feudalism, corrupt officials, local tyrants and evil gentry. Many people opposed us, saying that the members of the Central Committee were thirty-six stars.[15]Building the army was also a cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. At that time, the main cadres, both in the army and in the party, were from both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.Chiang Kai-shek was the commander of the First Army, Comrade Enlai was the party representative, Tan Yankai was the commander of the Second Army, Comrade Li Fuchun was the party representative, and Lin Lao was the party representative of the Sixth Army.At that time, it was the coalition government, and the army was the main part of the government, so there was a coalition government before.

The Northern Expedition was victorious with great vigor.But in the last period of this period, our party did not do well, and a Chen Duxiu doctrine emerged.Later, Chen Duxiu opposed us and turned into the Chen liquidationists.But regarding Chen Duxiu, we can talk about it today. He has made some contributions.He was the commander-in-chief during the May Fourth Movement, and he actually led the entire movement. He and a group of people around him, such as Comrade Li Dazhao, played a major role.We were learning to write vernacular Chinese at that time, and we heard what he said about adding punctuation marks, which was a great invention, and we also heard him say that there is Marxism in the world.We are students of their generation.The May Fourth Movement prepared cadres for the Chinese Communist Party.At that time, there was "New Youth" magazine, which was edited by Chen Duxiu.Some of the people who were awakened by this magazine and the May 4th Movement later joined the Communist Party. These people were greatly influenced by Chen Duxiu and a group of people around him. It can be said that they were assembled to form the Party.I said that Chen Duxiu was like Plekhanov in Russia[16] in certain points, he did the work of the enlightenment movement and created the party, but he was inferior to Plekhanov in terms of ideology.Plekhanov did a good job of propagating Marxism in Russia.Chen Duxiu is not the case, and even made some very incorrect remarks, but he created the party, and he deserves credit.Plekhanov later became a Menshevik, and Chen Duxiu was a Chinese Menshevik.After the German-Soviet War, Stalin put Lenin and Plekhanov together in a speech, and "History of the Communist Party of the Union" also mentioned him.Regarding Chen Duxiu, when compiling party history in the future, he will still be mentioned.As for Comrade Li Lisan[17] who committed "Left" errors during the civil war, before the First Great Revolution, he and Comrade Shaoqi worked in the labor movement in Anyuan, and later played a significant role in Shanghai during the May 30th Movement. There is also credit.

Now let's talk about the "Resolution Concerning Certain Questions of History".This resolution has been discussed in detail by comrades.The comrades suggested that this issue should be referred to the Seventh Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee instead of the Congress, so that the Congress could become a rally of unity and victory.This opinion is very good. It is for the sake of the whole party, the people of the whole country, and the future of the party.The resolution was basically passed at the Seventh Plenary Session of the Central Committee yesterday, and will be handed over to the new Central Committee after the meeting for adoption and revision.

The working policy of the Congress is unity and victory.The eyes of the conference must look forward, not backward, otherwise the success of the conference will be affected.The eyes of the assembly are to be upon 400,000,000 men to organize our ranks. We have not won yet, our strength is still small, and we still have difficulties ahead.We have more than 900,000 troops, but they are not concentrated, but divided, fighting sparrow warfare; our base area has a population of more than 90 million, but it is not a whole, and it is also divided; our enemy is still very strong , there is the powerful Japanese imperialism, and the Kuomintang, these two enemies are not of the same type, one is guarding our front door and the other is guarding the back door.Therefore, we must be cautious and humble, not arrogant and impatient, but guard against arrogance and impetuosity.If you are humble, you will not be arrogant, and you can guard against arrogance.In the past, it was said that "big businessmen hide as if they are empty", and those who do business have a lot of capital will hide it, as if there is nothing.So do we, we have to be humble.There are also such lessons in our history, that is, it is too big to be too big. When you are young, you will be comfortable. If you have nothing to do, you will become swollen when you are a child, your head will be very swollen, you will be proud, and your heart will be irritable, very irritable.Impatience and pride go hand in hand, pride leads to impatience, and there is no one who is impatient who is not proud, careless, and careless.We have now learned to be cautious about this.A historical resolution has been made, repeated over and over again, with a few pairs of eyes. The Central Committee’s dozens of pairs of eyes alone are not enough. Many problems can’t be seen after seven times and eight times. Here comes the problem.You have brought up a lot of things in the discussion, which is very good, and it is called being cautious.Take your time, the sky won't fall down.Since ancient times, the sky has never fallen.In the past, there was a country of Qi. Some people were afraid that the sky would fall, and they were worried every day.It has been thousands of years now, and the twenty-four histories have never said that the sky has fallen.Even if it falls, there are a few tall ones among our comrades who can hold it up, so it doesn't matter.Resolutions on certain historical issues, after repeated studies, are still basically passed, and after the election of a new Central Committee, they will be carefully crafted.But will there still be loopholes in this way? There may be.After ten or eight years, when compiling the history of the CCP, it can be seen that if there are loopholes, there are loopholes, and it is said that "this piece of history has been eliminated in the past, and if it is wrong, it must be added again."This is nothing, such as accumulating salary, catching up from behind, and we are also like this with our predecessors.If there are loopholes, correct them. The principle is to stick to the truth and correct mistakes. "History of the Communist Party of China" was published in 1938.The Soviet Union was victorious in 1917, and it was only in 1938 that the Central Committee published the "History of the Communist Party of the Union". After 20 years, it can be seen that this matter was not easy.It is even more difficult for us to include all 24 years of history in this short historical resolution.Naturally, we are not studying the history of the party, but mainly talk about the "Left" errors in the history of our party, and talk about a line in the history of the party that is more suitable for the interests of the Chinese people and a line that is somewhat suitable but not suitable for the interests of the Chinese people. the struggle between the proletarian ideology and the petty bourgeois ideology.This problem has been brewing for several years, and now it is relatively mature, so a resolution was written to solve it.As for the problems during the War of Resistance, they are not mature yet, so we will not solve them.This historical resolution may be wrong in the future, but the policy of curing diseases and saving lives will never be wrong. Is the issue on historical resolutions related to the majority or the minority? I say it is an issue related to the majority, the entire party and the people of the whole country.Therefore, we must be modest and prudent, not arrogant and impatient.This is the problem of the majority, and it is our own problem.The problems of a small number of people are easy to solve. For example, it is not difficult to mention the names of one or two people, but the problems of the majority are not so easy to solve.We are very cautious in writing historical resolutions this time. We should do the same on other issues.We must fight bravely, but we must also be humble and cautious.The lesson of history is to be modest and prudent.In the past some comrades were impatient and hoped that the revolution would be victorious tomorrow.But it is a pity that there was no victory, and it dragged on for ten years.With 300,000 party members and hundreds of thousands of troops, the head became big and impatient, and in the end there was only one northern Shaanxi left.Some people say that northern Shaanxi is a bad place, with barren land and poor people.But I said that if there is no northern Shaanxi, you will not be able to go to the land.I said that northern Shaanxi is two points, one is the end point, and the other is the starting point.It is an honor for the people of northern Shaanxi that the Seventh Congress is held in northern Shaanxi.Northern Shaanxi has become a test area for all our work, where all our work is first tested, where the Seventh National Congress is held, and where historical issues are resolved. Let me talk about healing the sick and saving the sick.Healing diseases and saving lives means treating diseases in order to save lives.People are originally good people, but when germs get in, they get sick, so they ask a doctor to take a look, take some medicine, and they are cured.It's not good to save people without treating diseases, and it's not good to cure diseases without saving people. No matter which side you lean towards, it's not good, and you should correct it.All comrades must unite under this historical resolution, as the resolution says, unite like a harmonious family.It used to be said that being united as one is a word for writing articles.We say this time, united like a harmonious family.There are struggles in the family, and the struggle in the new family is resolved by democracy.We should treat our comrades as brothers and sisters, and we can get comfort here. When we are tired, we can rest here, ask questions, and be very kind.As for making mistakes, it is not just one or two people, everyone has made mistakes, and I have also made mistakes.Everyone makes mistakes, in different sizes.The resolution puts all the good things on my account, so I'm going to have a say on that.It is okay to write it as a representative, but if I am the only one, then it is not a party.You must know that a team is often not very neat, so we must always call out to align, align to the left, align to the right, and align to the center.We must align with the central benchmark and the benchmark of the General Assembly.Parity is a principle, deviation is real life, and if there is a deviation, it is called parity.However, officials cannot beat soldiers, which means that cadres and party members must have a correct relationship.In a team, people's thinking may be correct or wrong, and it is often not neat.But we must have a good attitude towards comrades who make mistakes.It is rare for a family to be expelled from the family.Although Ah Q[18]'s last name is not known, it is not known that he was ever expelled from his family.Ah Q was also considered heroic in his struggle.His shortcomings are subjectivism, sectarianism, party stereotypes, and no spirit of self-criticism.He wants to expose other people's scars, but others cannot expose his scars.As for dogmatism and party stereotypes, they are very serious. A bench must be called a bench, not a stool. Q, he was shot because of the counter-revolution.So for those who have shortcomings and mistakes, we must unite. There are two doctrines that are at odds within the Communist Party: one is dogmatism and the other is empiricism.This resolution said how many times I had been hit, and I said I would tick it off.It is also said that the anti-Luo Ming line [19] is to attack me, and it is actually the same, but it is good to tick it off, so there is no need to write these.I too have made mistakes.I wrote an article in 1927, which contained Marxist viewpoints, but lacked Marxist viewpoints on economic issues, so the economic issues were wrongly written. [20] In addition, during my twenty-odd years of work, I have made many mistakes, whether in military or political aspects, or in party affairs.These things are not written, and not writing does not negate it.Because according to the real history and the real situation, I was wrong.Another example is the recent writing of resolutions, how many times have I written them, and the writing is not so complete because everyone has not raised their opinions.All of us are people from a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, and we only have such a little knowledge and such a little ability.If you say that I have no skills and don't understand Marxism-Leninism at all, then I don't agree.A Trotskyist, formerly a member of the Communist Party, named Ye Qing[21], said that Mao Zedong did not have any Marxism-Leninism at all. He only had one doctrine called Maoism, which represented the doctrine of the peasant petty bourgeoisie.I don't agree with this.It seems that I don’t have it here, but he has a lot of Marxism-Leninism there, and even he has it all.It is not true to say that my Marxism-Leninism has become a pile.People shout long live, I say I am fifty-two years old.Of course, it is impossible and there should be no long live, but it always leads to a task, that is, to move forward, to grow up a little bit.Knowing a little bit of Marxism-Leninism also leads to a task, which is also to advance.In the whole world since ancient times, no knowledge or anything is complete, and it will never develop further.The earth is developing, the sun is developing, this is the world.There is no world without development.The entire universe has gone through countless tens of thousands of years, and now it is more advanced than before.Creatures, animals, and humans have emerged on the earth.Humanity has a history of hundreds of thousands of years, and it has emerged from a civilized society, a capitalist society, and a socialist society. The Marxist worldview has taught us that we must understand that we will progress to a communist society in the future.China has gone through a new democratic society, and will continue to progress in the future until there are no classes, no political parties, neither the Communist Party nor the Kuomintang, nor the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army.The sun and the earth will also be destroyed one day in the very distant future.Old things are destroyed and new ones are created.People with a Marxist viewpoint must look at things this way.But do you want politics today? Yes.What is politics? Sun Yat-sen said that politics is everyone's business.Scientifically speaking he was wrong.His words had only one revolutionary meaning, that is, anti-feudalism, because the politics of feudal society was autocratic by the emperor alone.But in the primitive communist society there were many people, and there was no politics.Politics only began in slave society.In a sense, politics is class struggle.Engels said that there are three types of class struggle: political struggle, economic struggle, and theoretical struggle.The latter two struggles are also political in nature.Marxists should have this point of view, which is a thoroughly revolutionary point of view.Therefore, we have to go through wars and class struggles to develop and strengthen the Communist Party, the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army. Things in the world are always incomplete. The son is more perfect than Lao Tzu, the grandson is more perfect than the son, and the last come from behind. Some comrades were not elected as delegates to this meeting, so they were unable to attend or attend, and they were very anxious.In fact, this is nothing, everyone can explain it.Take me as an example, I "don't care about one, three, five, two, four, six are clear", and I didn't participate in even-numbered conferences.I participated in five meetings, but did not have the right to vote.At that time, as secretary of the Agricultural Committee, I proposed a resolution on the peasant movement, but the central government did not pass it, and the five congresses did not adopt it.The Party is now more fair than in the past, but there will still be injustices. That is to say, things are always incomplete, which gives us a task to advance towards relative perfection and relative truth, but we will never reach absolute perfection and absolute truth.So, we have to work endlessly. Now there is another "Communist Party", which is an "extraordinary committee" organized by the Kuomintang secret service agency gathering some traitors.They have issued a manifesto with the slogan "Down with Mao Zedong."After our historical resolution comes out, the enemy will definitely take advantage of it.But we have made this historical decision regardless of whether they use it or not.We must not listen to the instigation of any enemy.There may also be some crooked people in the party who are provoking.Do not be afraid of these provocations.Within the party and within the revolutionary ranks, we have one policy, which is unity, unity based on principles. To sum up, our party has achieved achievements in the past twenty-four years, and the achievements have been quite large.We must continue to grasp the weapon of Marxism, have the spirit of self-criticism, unite the whole party like brothers and sisters, strive for national victory, and will never stop until victory is achieved! According to "People's Daily" published on July 16, 1981. -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ note [1] This is Mao Zedong's report at the preparatory meeting of the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China. [2] Archaeological discoveries so far have proved that the history of human beings is at least two million years old. [3] Washington, see note [14] on page 279 of this volume.Napoleon (1769-1821), French bourgeois military strategist and statesman.On the 18th of Brumaire (November 9), 1799, a coup was launched, and the ruling government was formed, and he served as the first ruling.In 1804, he proclaimed himself emperor and established the First French Empire. [4] Liang Qichao (1873-1929), a native of Xinhui, Guangdong, was an important activist in the Reform Movement of 1898.After the Revolution of 1911, he organized the Progressive Party, which evolved into the Research Department in 1916, and he was the leader.From 1902 to 1904, Liang Qichao mentioned Marx several times in Xinmin Congbao, which he edited.Zhu Zhixin (1885-1920), native of Xiaoshan, Zhejiang, was born in Panyu, Guangdong, a member of the Tongmenghui, and a famous democratic revolutionist in modern times.In January 1906, he published "Biographies of German Social Revolutionaries" in the second issue of "Minbao", which briefly introduced the lives of Marx and Engels and some contents of the "Communist Manifesto", and also mentioned "Das Kapital". ".In the same year, he published "On Parallel Social Revolution and Political Revolution" in the fifth issue of "Minbao", saying that socialism "since Mark (note: that is, Marx.—the quoter) has changed in theory and gradually tended to practice, known as scientific socialism". [5] In 1912, the semi-monthly "New World" published in Shanghai serialized Engels's "The Development of Socialism from Utopia to Science" translated by Shi Renrong, and the translation was entitled "Ideal Socialism and Socialism in Practice". [6] Zhang Guotao, see note [7] on page 101 of this volume. [? ] Chen Tanqiu (1896-1943), a native of Huanggang, Hubei.One of the founders of the Communist Party of China.In 1939, he served as the representative of the Communist Party of China in Xinjiang and the director of the Xinjiang Office of the Eighth Route Army.He was arrested by the warlord Sheng Shicai in 1942 and secretly killed in September 1943.Due to the isolation of information, the report also stated that he is "now imprisoned by the Kuomintang in a prison in Xinjiang." [8] Dong Biwu, then member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and deputy secretary of the Southern Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.In April 1945, appointed by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, he joined the Chinese delegation to the United States to attend the United Nations General Assembly held in San Francisco. [9] Zhou Fohai (1897-1948), a native of Yuanling, Hunan.Participated in the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1921 and rebelled against the party in 1924.After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he surrendered to the Japanese invaders following Wang Jingwei's treason, and served as the vice president of the Executive Yuan of the Wang Puppet Government. [10] Chen Gongbo (1892-1946), a native of Nanhai, Guangdong.In 1921, he participated in the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China.In 1922, he declared his separation from the Communist Party and was later expelled from the Communist Party.After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he followed Wang Jingwei's treason and surrendered to the Japanese invaders. He successively served as the president of the Legislative Yuan of the Wang Puppet Government, the president of the Executive Yuan, and the acting chairman of the "National Government". [11] See "Zhuangzi·Human World L" [12] Lin Lao refers to Lin Boqu. [13] Borodin (1884-1951), Soviet.In October 1923, he went to Guangzhou and served as the representative of the Communist International in China, the representative of the Soviet government in the revolutionary government of Guangzhou, and the political adviser of the Kuomintang, and participated in the drafting of the Declaration of the First National Congress of the Kuomintang.In July 1927, the Wuhan Nationalist Government rebelled and returned to China. [14] Qu Qiubai (1899-1935), a native of Changzhou, Jiangsu.He joined the Communist Party of China in 1922 and was one of the party's early leaders.In January 1924, he attended the first national congress of the Kuomintang, participated in the drafting of the manifesto of the congress, and was elected as an alternate central executive member. [15] According to Taoism, there are thirty-six Tiangang stars in the Big Dipper constellation.In the book, the top thirty-six leaders of Liangshanbo are called the thirty-six Tiangangxing.The second Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang has thirty-six members. [16] Plekhanov, see note [9] on page 286 of this volume. [17] Li Lisan, see note [9] on page 101 of this volume. [18] Ah Q, the protagonist in Lu Xun's "The True Story of Ah Q". [19] Luo Ming (1901-1987), a native of Dapu, Guangdong.In 1933, when he served as the acting secretary of the Fujian Provincial Committee of the CPC in the central revolutionary base areas, he was criticized for arguing that the working conditions in the fringe areas of the base areas such as Shanghang and Yongding in western Fujian were relatively difficult, and that the party's policies should be different from those in the consolidated areas of the base areas. A crackdown on the party's "left" leaders.当时这些领导者把他的意见错误地说成是“悲观失望的”、“机会主义的、取消主义的逃跑退却路线”，并且开展了所谓“反对罗明路线的斗争”。 [20]这里可能是指一九二七年三月至四月在中共湖南区委机关刊物《战士》周报上最早发表的《湖南农民运动考察报告》中的一个观点。文中有这样一段话：“因为工业品特贵，农产品特贱，农民受商人剥削非常厉害，不得不消极的自卫。看这个趋势，农村将完全退缩到自足经济时代，除盐以外，农村将抵制一切商品进乡，同时又将尽量阻止农产品进城，如现在把谷米阻得天死地煞一样。”后来作者修正了这个观点。 [21]叶青，见本卷第122页注[19]。