Chapter 75 Interpretation of Some Words and Sentences in "Chairman Mao's Poems" [1]

(January 27, 1964) 1. "Melancholy, ask the vast land, who is in charge of the ups and downs?" [2] This sentence refers to: before the Northern Expedition, the warlords ruled, and which class decided the fate of China? Second, "hit the water in the midstream" [2]. "Strike the water" refers to swimming in the Xiangjiang River.I still remember two sentences of the poem I wrote at that time: "If you are confident that you will live for two hundred years, you will be hit by water for three thousand miles." At that time, there was a reason for Zi (Jiang Weiqiao), who advocated a meditation method.

3. "The banners at the foot of the mountain are in sight, and the drums and horns are heard on the top of the mountain." [3] "Banners" and "drum horns" both refer to our army.Huangyangjie is very steep, the position is on the mountainside, the command is on the top of the mountain, and the enemy is attacking upwards.The mountain was not all occupied by the enemy, and it was not serious to this extent. "The flag is in sight", in fact there are no flags flying, they are all rolled up. Fourth, "reappearance of a pillow of yellow beams" [4]. Refers to the yellow beam dream of a warlord.

Five, "International Elegy Song One" [5]. "Sorrow" means tragic. 6. "Dead trees and rotten plants work hard together. The guns are everywhere, and the parachutist enters with his own weight." [6] "Dead trees and rotten plants" does not refer to the enemy, but to our own side. Plants and trees can also help us. "Gun forest force" also refers to his own side. "A parachutist shoots in the air, the parachutist enters with his own weight" is an inverted style of writing. 7. "Mo Daojun went early" [7]. The "Jun" in "Jun Xing Zao" refers to myself, not plural, and should be translated as singular.There are high mountains in Huichang, I will go climbing before dawn.

8. "Three feet three from the sky" [8]. This is a folk song in Changde, Hunan. 9. "The west wind is strong, and the geese in the sky are called the frost and the moon.... Xiongguan is as long as iron, and now it is over from the beginning." [9] This poem is not written twice to attack Loushanguan, but once.There is Daba Mountain in the north, and there are mountains between the Yangtze River and Wujiang River to block the wind, so January and February are not too cold. "The geese call" and "the frost morning" describe the scene at that time.This is the case in Yunnan and Guizhou, and Kunming is like spring all the year round.After the Zunyi Conference, the Red Army went north to prepare to cross the Yangtze River, but encountered strong resistance.In order to get rid of the enemy, catch the enemy by surprise, and return to the carbine, the Red Army turned back and decided to return to Zunyi. As a result, they captured Loushan Pass for the second time and regained Zunyi.When we passed Loushan Pass, the sun had not yet set.

10. "Five Ridges meander and ride fine waves, and Wumeng majesticly walks Niwan." [10] Comparing mountains to "fine waves" and "Niwan" means "waiting leisurely". Eleven, "If the sky has love, the sky will also grow old" [11]. This is a sentence borrowed from Li He.Compared with the world, the sky is not old.In fact, heaven also has birth, development, and decline.Heaven is the natural world, including the organic world, such as bacteria and animals.Both nature and human society have the process of birth and death.Classes in society rise and fall.

12. "If you don't see a vast ocean, who do you know?" [12] It means that the fishing boat is missing. Thirteen. "Tears fly and pour rain" [13]. It means to cry with joy. 14. "Travel 80,000 miles a day while sitting on the ground, survey the sky and see a thousand rivers in the distance." [14] People sit on the planet Earth and travel in the universe without buying a ticket.The number of miles the earth rotates is the number of miles people travel.The diameter of the earth is more than 12,700 kilometers, multiplied by pi, that is, the length of the equator, which is about 40,000 kilometers, and then converted into Huali, which is about 80,000 miles.A person travels eighty thousand miles in twenty-four hours.

15. "The Cowherd Wants to Ask the God of Plague" [14]. Cowherd and Weaver Girl is a legend of the Jin Dynasty. Sixteen, "The red rain turns into waves at will, and the green hills turn into bridges deliberately." [14] "Red rain" refers to peach blossoms.Writing this sentence is to create the conditions for the next sentence. "The green hills are intentionally turned into bridges", which means that the green hills are pierced through holes to become bridges.These two poems have water and bridges. Seventeen, "Don't dream vaguely curse the death of the river, the hometown was thirty-two years ago....The black hand hangs the overlord's whip." [15] "Curse the death of the river" and "thirty-two years ago" refer to the failure of the Great Revolution and the suppression of the reactionaries revolution.The "overlord" here refers to Chiang Kai-shek.

18. "Looking at the world with cold eyes towards the ocean" [16]. "Cold eyes to the ocean" is "Heng eyebrows and cold confrontation". 19. "Yun Heng Nine Schools Floating Yellow Cranes" [16]. "Yellow Crane" does not refer to the Yellow Crane Tower. "Jiupai" refers to the rivers in this area, which are tributaries of the Yangtze River.In the Ming Dynasty, Li Panlong wrote a poem "Huaimingqing" as a gift to his friends: "Yuzhang looks west among the colorful clouds, and there are nine schools of the Yangtze River and nine folded mountains. You don't need to look into the stone mirror when you lie high. One of the "Later Seven Sons".There are also good poems in the Ming Dynasty, but "Comprehensive Ming Poetry" is not good, and "Bie Cai Ming Poetry" is good.

20. "White smoke rises from three Wu under the waves" [16]. "White smoke" is water. 21. "Tao Ling doesn't know where to go, can he cultivate fields in Peach Blossom Spring?" [16] Tao Yuanming imagined an ideal world called Peach Blossom Spring, where there is no taxation, no oppression. 22. Who is the "friend" in "Seven Laws Answering Friends"? "Friend" refers to Zhou Shizhao. Twenty-three, "White clouds fly on Jiuyi Mountain" [17]. "Jiuyi Mountain", that is, Cangwu Mountain, is in the south of Hunan Province.

Twenty-four, "Hongxia Wanduo Hundred Heavy Clothes" [17]. "Hongxia" refers to the emperor's clothes. Twenty-five, "Dongting surges with snow" [17]. "Dongting wave" is taken from "Nine Songs Mrs. Xiang" in "Chu Ci": "Dongting wave is under the leaves of trees". Twenty-six, "Long Island People's Songs Moving Poems" [17]. "Long Island" means Shuiluzhou, also known as Juzizhou, from which Changsha got its name, just as Hankou got its name from being at the mouth of the Hanshui River. Twenty-seven, "Furong country is full of morning glory" [17].

"Furong Country" refers to Hunan, see Tan Yongzhi's poem "Autumn Wind Ten Thousand Miles Furong Country". "Furong" refers to wood hibiscus, not water hibiscus, which is a lotus flower.Tan Shi can check "Quan Tang Poetry". Twenty-eight, "Looking at the strong pine in the twilight, flying through the chaotic clouds is still calm." [18] It is cloud calm, not loose calm. Twenty-nine, "A monk is a fool, but he can still be trained, and a demon is a ghost, and it will be a disaster." [19] Guo Moruo's original poem is aimed at Tang monk.Should be aimed at the bone essence.Tang Seng is an unenlightened person who was deceived.My poems refute Mr. Guo. 30. "Ants Fate Huaihuai Exaggerates the Great Country" [20]. "Da Huai Anguo" is a story in Tang Xianzu's "Nan Ke Ji". 31. "Flying Dysprosium under the westerly wind and falling leaves in Chang'an." [20] "Flying Dysprosium" refers to our attack. "Chang'an is under the falling leaves of the west wind", insects are afraid of autumn and winter.The situation has changed very quickly. At that time, it was "a hundred feet of ice", but now it is "the four seas are churning, the clouds and water are furious, and the five continents are shaking, wind and thunder are stirring".Since last year, we have been attacking, and in September we began to write an article commenting on the open letter of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Thirty-two, "The world is turning, and time is pressing. Ten thousand years is too long, just seize the day and night." [20] If you want to be slow, I will be fast, and do the opposite.You want to live ten thousand years? Not that long.I want to see the high and low right away, and argue for clarity, and no prevarication is allowed.But in fact, time is on our side, "seize the day and night", and we are not in such a hurry. According to the publication published by the Central Literature Publishing House in 1996. -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ note [1] After the publication of "Chairman Mao's Poems" in 1963, the Foreign Languages ​​Publishing and Distribution Bureau organized the translation and publication of the English translation.In January 1964, at the request of the English translator, Mao Zedong gave an oral explanation of some words and sentences in his poems.This is the gist of the English translator's record of Mao's interpretation. [2] See "Qinyuanchun Changsha". [3] See "Xijiang Moon·Jinggangshan". [4] See "Qingpingle·Jianggui War". [5] See "Die Lian Hua · From Tingzhou to Changsha". [6] See "Yujiaao: The Second Great Anti-"Encirclement and Suppression"". [7] See "Qingpingle · Huichang". [8] See "Three Poems of the Sixteen-Character Order".