Chapter 11 -2
To show that the next is dark.
If the water is too clear, there will be no fish, and if people are too bright, there will be no blessings.Therefore, those who are wise must also be wise on the inside, but foolish on the outside. This is the essence of leadership.
Example 1: Bao Shuya, a native of Spring and Autumn Qi.When Guan Zhong was ill, Duke Huan said that Bao Shuya could succeed him as prime minister, but Guan Zhong thought it was impossible.Yi Ya went to see Bao Shuya, and slandered him, saying, "Your father's father was recommended by your uncle. Now that Zhong is ill, you asked me about it, and he said that my uncle should not be in charge of government. I am very unfair." Bao Shuya laughed and said, "If I were in charge of government , that is, where do you have room for yourself?"
Example 2: Gu Yanyong, a native of Jin Dynasty in the Spring and Autumn Period.When Shao Yong was traveling in the market, he suddenly pointed out that a person was a thief, and he was arrested and interrogated, and he was also a thief.Father Gou Lin asked: How do you know it?Yong said: "I looked between his eyebrows and eyelashes. I saw greed in the things in the market and shame in the people in the market. I knew it when I heard that I was there." .The doctor Yang Tong heard about it, and said: "It is ominous for those who observe the deep fish, and disaster for those who hide their wisdom. If one person observes, you can't kill all the robbers, and Gu Yanyong is dead!" In less than three days, Gu Yan went to the suburbs by chance. , stole dozens of people, killed Yong and left.
Example 3: Chen Ping, Han Chinese.During the reign of Emperor Xiaowen, Chen Ping was the prime minister.How about asking the world how to be sentenced to prison at the age of one?How much money is in and out of the money valley?Ping said: "There is a master."Ask who is the Lord?Said: "Your Majesty will ask about the execution of the prison and blame Ting Wei. Ask Qian Gu and blame Su Nei Shi."
There have been those who did not know.
If you don't know what you have done, it's called concealment, and if you know it but don't change it, it's called embarrassment.
Example 1: Liu Bei, Lord of Shu Han.Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor according to Sichuan, and when Guan Yu was killed, he raised troops to replace Wu.Wu sent Zhuge Jin to seek peace as an envoy, saying: "Your Majesty, how can you be the first emperor with Guan Yu's relatives? Who is the size of Jingzhou and the mainland? We should all deal with enemies and illnesses. Is it difficult to prioritize?"
Example 2: Guan Yu, a native of Shu Han.Prepare to enter Hanzhong King, Yu Town Jingzhou.At that time, Sun Quan planned to join forces with Liu and reject Cao, so he sent an envoy to ask Yu Nu to be his daughter-in-law.Yu scolded angrily and said: "Will the tiger girl marry a dog?" Zhuge Liang heard it and said: "Jingzhou is in danger!"
If you are quick but not against you, you will be confused.
Those who are obsessed with desire want to cut down their nature.Those who are fascinated by things will cut down their aspirations.Those who are obsessed with themselves will increase their faults and defeat their deeds.
Example 1 Between the throat, Chunqiu Wu Jun.Helu took Sun Wu and Wu Yuan as generals, and after defeating Chu, Sun Wujin said: "The army is famous for its righteousness. It is because the king of Chu has no way, so I will break it."Now it is advisable to call the son of Prince Jian, Kou Sheng, to establish him as the king, and make him the master of the ancestral temple, so as to make him more king.Chu will live in peace and cherish Wu De, and he will make endless contributions from generation to generation.Although the king pardoned Chu, he disturbed Chu.He Lujian was greedy for Chu's profit and refused to listen.Chu Shen Bao Xu wept at Qin Ting, begging for teachers to break Wu.
Example 2: Chong'er, a native of Jin Dynasty in the Spring and Autumn Period.In the eighth year of King Xiang of Zhou, the Jin Dynasty was in chaos, and the son Chong'er went to Qi.Qi Wang's wife is Qi Jiang, beautiful and virtuous, Chong Er is fascinated by her, feasting day and night, seven years of ease, no long-term ambitions.All the followers are anxious, Lai Qi Jiangxian, and conspire together.Jiang Zuizhi used wine, even the quilt banquet to make heavy ears, and he only felt it after a hundred miles.After returning to Jin Xingguo, he was called Bo prince, and he was Jin Wengong.
Those who use words to take grievances are in trouble.
Deeds come before words, and I have the right to harm others.If you don't do what you say, you will harm me.The situation is empty.
Example 1: Peng Kou, a native of Shu Han.Peng Kou was slandered by others, and Liu Zhang clamped him down as a disciple.When I meet Liu Bei and enter Shu, I can follow him, and I will be treated with courtesy by Mr. Liu Bei.Walking from mouth to mouth, once he was above the people of Chuzhou, his appearance was arrogant, and he moved to the left to become the prefect of Jiangyang.Unhappy with the mouth, he went to Ma Chao to lure him and said: "Qing is the outside, I am the inside, and the world is not settled."
Example 2: Yang Yi, a native of Shu Han.Yi has learned a lot from Zhuge Liang.Liang died, and Jiang Wan replaced him. The appearance was unfair, and Fei Wei said: "When the prime minister died in the past, if I raised my army to fight against the Wei family, I would rather live in such a wicked way!"It is regrettable.Wei Wei expressed his words, abolishing rituals for the people.Yifu wrote a letter, and his words were fierce, so he went to the county to accept Yi, and Yi committed suicide.
Make those who are obedient and obedient useless.
If the order and the heart go against each other, the matter will be abolished without fruition.
Example 1: King Wu Ling, Zhao Jun of the Warring States Period.Zhao Wuling Wang Hufu rode and shot, and the country's power was greatly improved.The eldest son Zhang was established as the prince first, then he was abolished, and the second son He was restored.King Wu Ling said that the generals should not be full-time, but he was the second son He (King Hui), who would lead the soldiers himself and call him the father of the sun.Seeing Zhang worshiping Emperor Hui, the main father's court couldn't bear it, and wanted to divide the country again, and made the two sons divide the rule, causing chaos.The master's father was besieged by soldiers and died of starvation.
Example 2: Yuan Shao, Han Chinese.Shao sent troops to meet Cao Cao. Tian Feng said to Shao, "Mr. Cao is good at using troops, and there is no way to change them. Although the number of people is small, it should not be taken lightly. It is better to hold it for a long time."According to the solidity of the mountains and rivers, the general embraces the people of Sichuan, gathers heroes outside, and cultivates agricultural warfare inside.Then Jian Jingrui dispatched a surprise army, taking advantage of the emptiness to harass Henan.To save the right, hit the left, and to save the left, hit the right, so that the enemy will be exhausted, and it will be less than two years, but it can be restrained.Today, the strategy of temple victory is explained, and success or failure depends on the first battle.Shao refused to follow, thinking that the public would be discouraged, and he would be in prison.After the Shao army was defeated, it may be said that Tian Feng said: "You must see it seriously."Feng said: "If the army is beneficial, I will be whole."If the army is defeated today, I will die.Shao Huan said that he said to the left and right: "I don't use Tian Feng's words, and I will be laughed at." Then he killed them.
The latter destroys the former.
If you contradict your promise, your order will not work.
Example 1: King Ping of Chu, Lord of Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period.Prince Ping of Chu Ping built the father of the town and took Fenyang as the father of the city. He said: "Serve the prince as if you are a widow." Later, he secretly ordered Fenyang to kill the prince, and Yang sent an envoy to privately report the prince's escape.Instead, he told King Ping and said: "The prince has fled." King Ping said angrily, "Who will sue Jianye when the words come out of my mouth and enter your ears?" .”
Example 2: Cao Cao, Han Chinese.Cao said that Liu Bei has the reputation of a hero and can win the hearts of the people, so he stayed in Xudu, showing favor and respect in the yang, and restraining him in the yin.After leaving Xuzhou, Yuan Mu was rejected.Dong Zhaojian said: "Be brave and ambitious. Guan Yu and Zhang Fei are their wings. I am afraid that the heart of preparation cannot be discussed." Cao Cao said: "I have promised it." .
Those who are angry but not powerful commit crimes.
Insufficient internal nourishment means anger and lack of prestige.Internal kindness is full, not angry but mighty.
Example 1: Liu Fa, from the Song Dynasty.Tong Guan's general, Liu Fa, fought against Xia in Tong'an City, and was defeated. Fa abandoned his army and fled.Seventy miles away from the battlefield, there was no one around, so I dismounted and took off my armor to rest temporarily.In a few moments, several people came to bear the burden, and Fa Xiangzhi asked for food, but he refused.Fa (Muzhen) said angrily, "Don't you know Liu Jinglue?" One person came in and said, "The general is Liu Jinglue, and the villain has food to offer." Then he took the knife from the burden, killed Fa and took his head away.
Example 2: Zhao Erfeng, from the Qing Dynasty.At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Zhao Erfeng supervised Sichuan.The Qing court issued an order to take the railway as state-owned, but the Sichuan people refused to accept it.Zhao angrily reprimanded the representatives of the petition and wanted to deal with it severely, so he called for a civil uprising, the whole Sichuan responded, the Wuchang Uprising succeeded, and Zhao was killed.
It's a shame to humiliate others.
Humiliation will lead to resentment, and resentment will bring disaster.
Example 1: Duke Qing of Qi, Lord of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period.Duke Qing of Qi was established as an heir, and Jin, Lu, Wei, and Cao each sent envoys to hire them.The envoy of Jin, Gu Yanke, had one eye, the envoy of Lu Ji Sun Xingfu was bald, the envoy of Wei Sun Liangfu was lame, and the envoy of Cao was hunchbacked.Dispersed court, routine private banquet.The hectare-gong is pre-seen, bald, lame, and camel, each of whom is regarded as royal, so that the palace family members who live in the Chonglou peep at it, and they all laugh.The four envoys were all angry against the hotel, and they conspired to attack Qi, and the chaos began from then on.
Example 2: King Zhaoxiang of Qin, Lord of Qin during the Warring States Period.King Zhaoxiang of Qin and King Huiwen of Zhao met in Mianchi and had a feast of wine.When I was half drunk, King Qin said: "I heard that King Zhao is good at music. I have a treasure here. Please play it by King Zhao."The waiter of Qin entered the se, and the king of Zhao played the song "Xiang Ling". The king of Qin praised him for his goodness. Huh." Zhao Lin Xiangru came in and said: "Zhao heard that the King of Qin is good at Qin Sheng, and I would like to offer you a pan attack, so I ask the King of Qin to hit him to entertain him." The King of Qin was angry, and his expression changed.Xiangru immediately took the wine vessel and knelt before the king of Qin, but the king of Qin refused to hit it.Xiangru said: "The king relies on Qin's strength, and within five steps, Xiangru has blood splashed on the king's neck!"Xiangru opened his eyes and scolded him, his beard and hair were all stretched out, the king of Qin was afraid of Xiangru, so he reluctantly hit the fou.Xiangru summoned Zhao Yushi's book slips and said: On a certain day, month and day, the king of Zhao and the king of Qin met in Mianchi, and ordered the king of Qin to attack.The king of Qin wanted to rob him with troops.It is very strict to plan to repay Zhao's equipment, but even more to offer rewards, pretending to have fun.
Those who kill and humiliate are in danger.
If you are appointed but not dedicated, or if you are not trusted, there is no danger of invincibility.
Example 1: Zhao Qian, Zhao Jun of the Warring States Period.Qin general Wang Yi invaded Zhao, Zhao Wang moved Li Mu as general and refused.The army of the Mu general garrisoned Huiquan Mountain, and Yi Su was afraid of the power of Mu's army and dared not commit any crimes. Zhao Yi relied on it as the Great Wall.Qin Nai used the trick, but the King of Zhao didn't notice, so he ordered Zhao Cong to replace Li Mu and behead him.Zhao Sui was defeated.
Example 2: Zhu Youjian, Emperor Ming.Yuan Chonghuan, a Jinshi in Wanli, is courageous and likes to talk about soldiers.When the Qing army entered Ningyuan, Lai Chonghuan, the frontier guard, was completely defeated. Later, he was suppressed by Wei Zhongxian and begged to return.At the beginning of Chongzhen, the Minister of the Ministry of War, Zhenningyuan, the Qing soldiers did not dare to commit crimes.Xun was falsely imprisoned and dumped in the city, and the world was wronged.Since there is no one on the sidelines, Ming will die.
Those who are slow to respect are fierce.
Those who were respected in the past are now arrogant, because their intentions have been slack, and their ambitions have fallen.
Example 1: Liu Wu, Han nationality.Liu Jiao and Wang Chu tried to use famous scholars Mu Sheng, Bai Sheng and Shen Gong as Chinese doctors, and their salutes continued.Mu Sheng is not addicted to alcohol, and when drinking with each other, he specially buys wine as a show of respect.After his death, the second son, Ying Ke, was named the heir, and the three of you were respected, just like in the past.Ying Ke died, and Ziwu attacked the noble. At first, he encouraged the ancestors to fight, and then gradually indulged in wine and sex, and called Mu Sheng, not for the purpose of setting up wine.Mu Sheng retired from the table with a long sigh and said: "If there is no wine and wine, the king's will has been slack. A gentleman will do it when he sees the opportunity, and he will not wait until the end of the day." He thanked Bai Sheng and Shen Gong and left.Not long after, Wu Chu and other seven countries rebelled, and Zhou Yafu put it down.
Example 2: Yuan Shao, Han Chinese.Zheng Xuan from Beihai, a master of Sinology, is popular all over the world.Shao admired his name, and continued to recruit him without adding them. Zhao Rong heard it and said: "A virtuous person is the hope of a gentleman. If you don't respect the virtuous, you will lose the hope of a gentleman. A husband who is a ruler dare not lose the favor of the people. Do you want to be a gentleman? If you lose the hope of a gentleman, it will be hard to do anything!" Later Shaoguo was defeated.
Those who seem to be in harmony with each other are lonely.
If the appearance is the same but the heart is different, it will be lonely, its strength will be scattered, and its affairs will be defeated.Therefore, the saying goes: "Three people are of the same heart, and their sharpness can break gold."
Example 1: Yuan Shao, Han nationality.At the end of the Han Dynasty, Dong Zhuo abolished the monopoly of the emperor.In the first year of Chuping, later general Yuan Shu, Yizhou Mu Hanfu, Yuzhou governor Kong Youyou, Chongzhou governor Liu Dai, Hanoi prefect Wang Kuang, Bohai prefect Yuan Shao, Chenliu prefect Zhang Miao, Dongjun prefect Qiao Mao, and Sanyang prefect Prefect Yuan Yi, Jibei Minister Bao Xin, General Fenwu Cao Cao, etc. supported Yuan Shao as the leader of the alliance, and together they worked hard to seek excellence.Afterwards, all the armies were skeptical and refused to advance. They looked together but were separated.
Example 2: Yuan Shao, Han Chinese.At the end of the Han Dynasty, Yuan Shao ruled Qing, You, Bing, and Sichuan, with hundreds of thousands of soldiers.Yan Liang, Wen Chou, Zhang Yun, etc. were all famous generals at that time.Guo Tu, Shen Pei, Feng Ji, Tian Feng, Xu You, Ju Shou, etc. are the counselors, and they look to the sky.In particular, Tian Feng and others have sophisticated and far-sighted strategies, so Sun Sheng said: View Tian Feng's and Ju Shou's strategies, although they are good, why should they be fair.Xi Shao can't be used, it seems to be compatible but the heart is separated.The picture is taught, and the suspect is dismissed.Ji Zhenfeng was imprisoned and killed.Naturally, civil and military renounced, advisers collapsed, and Guandu was defeated and could not recover.
Those who are slanderous and loyal die.
If you are slanderous, you will be far loyal, and if you are far away, you will be near loyal. This is inevitable.Therefore, Wang Chongyun said: "The master is eloquent, but the sycophant speaks sharply. The master is good at writing, and the sycophant is brilliant. Those who are good at the top will be very good at the bottom." Looking at this, I know that I am far from being a sycophant.
Example 1: Wei Yi, a person of Wei in the Warring States period.Martingale was an official in Qin, reforming the law and striving to become stronger, Duke Xiao of Qin commended his achievements, he was named Liehou, and he was named Shangjun.Yang Zhiman, who thought he had done more than five officials, was congratulated by his retainers.Zhao Liang remonstrated alone: "Thousands of promises are not as good as one scholar. Mu Gong, the prime minister of the five-mouthed doctor, set up three kings of Jin, and merged the country with twenty. As for his self-respect, he will not open his cover in the summer heat, and will not sit down if he is tired." On the day of death, the common people are like mourning their concubines. Now the king has been proclaiming to each other for eight years. Although the law is enforced, the punishment is terrific. The people see the prestige but do not see the benefits. If the benefits do not know justice. And there is a rift between the prince and the king, why not recommend a virtuous person to take his place." Martingale repelled Zhao Liang, and in the next five months, the crown prince came to the throne. It was for Duke Huiwen that he caught martingale and divided the five oxen.
Example 2: Liu Chan, the empress of the Shu Han Dynasty.Five years after the Empress's accession to the throne, Zhuge Liang led his division to march north, and said: "A virtuous minister, far away from a villain, this is why the Han Dynasty prospered before. After his death, Jiang Wei followed his ambition, but he was not as good as Liang.The queen favored and slandered Yuan Zhong, Wei Wei was afraid, and did not enter Chengdu.Shu in the Jin Dynasty, and later surrendered.
Those who are close and far away are faint.
The cause of saints and sages cannot be done by heroes.Therefore, when it comes to the difference between the virtuous and the virtuous, one must know what to choose.Therefore, Qi Huan Jinwen is still the overlord.Tang Zong of Wu of the Han Dynasty did not lose sight of the king.Gong Dinghe of the Qing Dynasty said: "The young man has already underestimated Tang Wu, not the Emperor Qin and the Emperor Han; imagine a hero who is dying, gentle and can't live in any hometown." Although the meaning is not enough, it has already described the heroes of the ages.
Example 1: Duke Ding of Lu, Lord Lu of the Spring and Autumn Period.Ding Gong appointed Confucius, and the country was governed.Qi was afraid, and with Li Fengqi's plan, he was happy to present his daughter to Duke Ding.Duke Ding was happy to accept it, and he did not go to court for three days, and it was impolite to offer sacrifices in the suburbs.Confucius went, and Lu recovered.
Example 2: Duke Ling of Wei, Lord Wei of the Spring and Autumn Period.Confucius was away from Lu Shiwei, and Duke Ling respected him but could not use it.One day, Linggong took his wife Nanzi out in the same car, and made Confucius a companion.Passing through the market, the city people sang: "Those who ride in the same car are beautiful! Those who follow the car are virtuous!" Confucius sighed and said: "The king's love of virtue is not as good as lust." Then he went to Wei Shi Song, Wei Chao.
Those who visit the public door are chaotic.
In "Jade Seal", "door" is used as "action", and every woman who is involved in politics will be in chaos.
Example 1: Yang Yuhuan, from Tang Dynasty.Yang Yuhuan was the noble concubine of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and her sisters were all favored, and they were granted the titles of Mrs. Guo, Mrs. Han, and Mrs. Qin.Elder brother Yang Guozhong is the chancellor, and he has a prominent family, and the court is not restricted.Later, An Lushan rebelled, Xuanzong fled to Shu, and the Tang Dynasty was in chaos.
Example 2: Wang Shi, from the Song Dynasty.Emperors Song Hui and Qin were taken into captivity, and Gaozong ascended the throne, devoting himself to revival.Prime Minister Qin Hui went to Yuefei Prison, intending to depose his military power.His wife, Wang Shijin, said: "It's easy to catch a tiger and it's hard to let it go." Hinoki killed it "unnecessarily", and Han Shizhong also hid in the West Lake.
Private officials are floating.
During the time of the first emperor of Qin, when locusts were plagued, he ordered the people to accept millet and thousands of stones, and worship them as nobles.Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty added the terms of atonement for accepting millet.By the time of Emperor Jing of the Ming Dynasty, the case of accepting prisons was added.This wind was especially severe in the middle of Qing Dynasty.Therefore, the official position, the famous instrument of the country, cannot be a fake person.Those who use officials as private individuals will lose their affairs and their government will fall.
Example 1: Sima Yan, Emperor Jin.Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty offered sacrifices to heaven in the southern suburbs, Gu Zuoyou said: I am comparable to Emperor He of the Han Dynasty?The school lieutenant Liu Yi responded, "It's comparable to Huan Ling."The emperor said: "Although I am not virtuous, how can I be compared with Huan Ling?"Yi said: "Huanling sells his officials, and the money goes into the official treasury; His Majesty sells his officials, and the money goes into private doors."Compared with this, Your Majesty is not as good as Huan Ling!
Example 2: Yan Song, a native of Ming Dynasty.During the reign of Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty, Yan Song specialized in his work and did not use it for private purposes.Yang Jisheng impeached Song and said, "... Xu Xueshi, the doctor, and Li Rujin in the affairs, both impeached Song and cut down his family. The internal and external ministers, and the slanderers, how can they win? It is the power to depose the officials. It is a mistake to choose civil and military affairs. It is a mistake to discuss the amount of money. The hearts of the people in the world..." Since then, the Ming Dynasty's internal affairs have been chaotic, and foreign insults have arisen.
The winner of Ling Xia invades.
Mencius said: "The king regards his ministers as brothers and feet, and the ministers regard the emperor as his heart. The emperor regards his ministers as dogs and horses, and the ministers regard him as the people of the country. The emperor regards his ministers as grasshoppers, and the ministers regard him as a bandit." Therefore, the upper and lower The way of doing things is to keep it with propriety at the top, and to do it with loyalty at the bottom.
Example 1: King Huiwen, King Zhao of the Warring States Period.The eunuch ordered Miao Xian to obtain Heshibi and store it as a treasure chest.When King Huiwen heard about it, he sought it from the virtuous, and offered it immediately if he was not virtuous.Zhao Wang was angry, and because he was out hunting, he broke into Xian's house, searched his room, got a treasure box, took it away, and left.
Example 2: King Zhaoxiang, Lord of Qin during the Warring States Period.King Qin wanted to see King Zhao when he heard that he had obtained the jade.Prime Minister Wei Ran said: "The king wants to see Bi, why don't you exchange it with the fifteen cities of Youyang?" After a long time, the king exchanged the city for jade, and Zhao dared not not come with the jade, but he kept it when he came. It is the name of the one who changed the city, and the one who won the jade, so why does the king worry about losing the city?" Qin Wangxi wrote a letter to Zhao Yuqiu Bi.
Consumption beyond the name.Soldiers, but the name is too numerous to describe.On his deathbed, extravagance warned his wife, "If Kuo is a general, he will surely defeat Zhao's soldiers." When Qin invaded Zhao, Zhao Wang used Kuo to reject him, but Zhao's mother refused to listen.In the Battle of Changping, Zhao Kuo was defeated, and Zhao Jiang died 400,000 soldiers, all of whom were killed by Qin Keng.Since Zhao Zhizhuang was completely destroyed, the country was in a state of depression.
Example 2: Ma Di, a native of Shu Han.Su likes to talk about military strategy, Zhuge Liang is deeply different.The former master Linxie called Liang and said: "Ma's words are exaggerated and should not be used too much. Your lord should observe it." Liang thought otherwise, so he decided to join the army with Su.In the sixth year of Jianxing, Qishan came out, and Su was the pioneer.Su led his troops to Jieting, and deployed them improperly, which was broken by Wei general Zhang He, and the soldiers scattered.Liang Jin had no evidence, so he withdrew from Hanzhong and was killed.
Those who ignore themselves and blame others will die.
Confucius said: Zi Shuai is righteous, who dares to be unrighteous.Therefore, the art of leadership lies in its integrity.The way of friends is to restrain oneself and forgive others.
Example 1: Ji Kangzi, a native of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period.When Ji Kangzi was in power, the monarch and his ministers competed for luxury and indulged in leisure and pleasure.The people of the country respect it, so there are many robbers.Ji Kangzi was troubled by it, but asked Confucius.Confucius said to him: "If a dog does not desire, even if it is rewarded, it will not steal."
Example 2: Yiwu, King of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period.In the chaos of the Jin Dynasty, the son Yiwu promised the five cities of Qin to help him, so he became the king, and he was Duke Hui of Jin.Since Duke Hui was established, he broke the contract and refused to cooperate with Qincheng. He would suffer years of drought and hunger, empty warehouses, and people went on hunger strike.In the next year, the state of Qin will be in a famine, and Duke Hui seeks to rescue him, but Duke Hui should not, and even proposes to attack Qin.Duke Mu of Qin was furious and said: "The king wants the country, and the widow accepts it. The king wants millet, and the widow gives it. Now the king wants to fight, and the widow dares to refuse to order peace?"
Abandon those who are thick and thin.
If self-promotion is thick but others are thin, people will abandon it.
Example 1: Duke Yi, Lord Wei of the Spring and Autumn Period.In the ninth year of King Hui of Zhou, Duke Wei Yi was established as the heir, and he did not care about state affairs.He is especially good at raising cranes, and his salary is higher than that of a doctor, so he collects more money from the people to feed the cranes. The people are hungry and cold, and they don’t know how to provide compensation.
Example 2: Tian Dan, a native of Qi during the Warring States period.Tian Dan used the city of five miles, destroyed the remaining soldiers and destroyed the Yan of Wancheng, and restored more than seventy cities.In the thirty-sixth year of King Nan of Zhou, he led his troops to attack Di, and he could not go down in three months. Lu Zhongzi said: "Today, the general has the honor of Yeyi, and the west has the wealth of importing soil, and the golden horizontal belt runs between Zi and Mian. There is The joy of life is without the heart of death, so the one who is invincible is also." Tomorrow, I will stand alone on the place of arrows and stones, and I will help (wooden bag) drum it, and Di Nai will go down.
Those who abandon meritorious deeds lose the group.
Forgetting great merits and recording minor faults is a taboo for leaders.
Example 1: Wei Qing, Han nationality.Li Guang fought more than 70 battles with the Xiongnu, and he made great achievements. The Xiongnu feared him, and he was called a parachutist.Widely guarded by You Beiping, the Xiongnu did not dare to invade the border for several years.The latter subordinate Wei Qing defeated the Huns, but for the sake of breaking the law, he failed.The head of the Qing envoy blamed Guangzhi's shogunate on the book, and Guangnai came by himself.All the army cried, and the common people heard it, knowing and not knowing, and all the old and strong were weeping.
Example 2: Zhu Qizhen, Emperor Ming.Zhu Qizhen was established as the heir of Yingzong, who favored the eunuch Wang Zhen, defeated Tumubao, and was captured by Yexian.Yu Qian greeted Qi Yu as Emperor Jing.Qianqin impeached eunuchs and traitors, boosted morale, and was the first to welcome Yingzong back after repeated defeats.In the seventh year of Jingtai, Emperor Yingzong was restored and Yu Qian was beheaded.On the day of Qianqian's death, the whole city wept for him.
The foreign aliens perish.
Centrifugal up and down, internal and external discord, resulting in blockage of public opinion, inappropriate actions, no matter whether it is dead or not.
Example 1: Pan Mei, from the Song Dynasty.Pan Mei was the general to reject Khitan, Wang Quanxian was the guard, and Yang Ye was the deputy general.The industry has prestige, the name is invincible, and the Khitan fear it.At that time, the Song Dynasty had been defeated repeatedly, and Ye Nai proposed to set up an ambush in Chenjiagu.The United States and Quan first avoid meritorious deeds and abilities, and once they leave the army, they lead their troops back to Daizhou.Ye turned to the battle without help, Yu Yanyu died in battle, Ye cut himself off, and the whole army was wiped out.As a result of the earthquake on the border, the three states fell one after another.
Example 2: Zhao Gou, Emperor Song.Emperors Hui and Qin were taken into captivity, and Zhao Gou ascended the throne in Lin'an, known as Emperor Gaozong.At the beginning of the battle, Li Gang and Zongze led the battle, while Huang Qianshan and Wang Boyan led the peace.Later, Emperor Gaozong used Qin Hui as his prime minister and strongly advocated peace talks.However, Yue Fei, Han Shizhong, etc., repeatedly defeated the golden soldiers, and wanted to attack Huanglong directly to welcome the second emperor, which was tabooed by Gaozong.Hina coaxed the imperial edict to harm the flying, and dismissed Shizhong.Song Nai was unable to expedite the Northern Expedition, so he lived in peace.
If you don't use it, you don't use it.
If you use it but don't let it go, your love will be sparse.
Example 1: Liu Biao, Han Chinese.Liu Bei voted for Liu Biao, who greeted him from the outskirts of the country, treated him as a guest of honor, covered his troops, and sent them to Xinye.Cao Cao sent his generals to attack the Biao, and the Biao used the backup to reject them, and defeated Cao's soldiers. At that time, the heroes of Jingzhou returned to the Biao, and there were more and more people who were suspicious of their hearts, and they were secretly guarding them.Huicao went to the north to conquer Karasuma, and prepared to say that the watch would attack Xudu, but the watch could not be used.
Example 2: Gongsun Zan, Han.Gongsun Zan fought Yuan Shao, and Zhao Yun was appointed as a soldier by Zhao Yun. Although Zan was happy to win Zhao Yun, he didn't accept the heavy responsibility.
Those who are stingy with rewards are discouraged.
If you don't want to return the merits, if you reward but are stingy, then it belongs to renunciation.
Example 1: Goujian, Spring and Autumn Yuejun.Gou Jian used Fan Li, Wen Zhong, etc. to destroy Wu and dominate.After Wu was destroyed, Gou Jian built a platform in Kuaiji, and held a banquet for all the officials. The musician played the piano and played drums. The officials on the stage were very happy, but Gou Jian was not happy.Fan Li retreated and sighed, "The king of Yue doesn't want to return to the servants of the meritorious officials, and the cause of suspicion and jealousy has already been seen!" The next day, he resigned from the king of Yue, went out of Qi Numen in a boat, crossed three rivers and entered five lakes.
Example 2: Liu Fuling, Emperor of Han Dynasty.During the time of Emperor Wu, Su Wu led more than a hundred people to the Western Regions, and they were brought back by the Huns, so they were not aggrieved.In the nineteenth year, Fuling was established as Emperor Zhao, and finally he returned to the Han Dynasty, his beard and eyebrows were completely white, and everyone in the city admired his integrity.Nine people returned together, Emperor Zhao either rewarded or not, and those who heard about it were dismayed.
More and less resentment.
Many and few, maybe not, all of these are grievances.
Example 1: Yiwu, King of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period.Jin Xiangong died, and the princes fought to stand.Yiwu bribed the five cities of Qin as foreign aid, Xu Like's four million in Fenyang, and Xu Zheng's father owed seven hundred thousand for the sunflower fields.Since Duke Hui was established, but the promise of Qin's five cities, Rick and Zheng's father's land did not agree with him, so there was resentment both inside and outside.
Example 2: Zhao Kuangyin, Emperor Song.Taizu sent Cao Bin to attack the south of the Yangtze River, saying: "As soon as you conquer Li Yu, you should use Qing as your prime minister." When Pan Mei heard about it, it was He Bin. It is said: "I wanted to grant you an envoy, but my relative Liu Jiyuan was not settled, so the guest should be a young servant."
Those who welcome but refuse are good.
To welcome and suddenly reject is to abandon old feelings and form new grievances.
Example 1: Pang Juan, a native of Wei in the Warring States Period.Pang Juan and Sun Bin were classmates in the Art of War in Guigu.Pang Xian served in Wei, was favored by Huiyu, and was given military power.After Pang achieved his ambition, he recommended Sun Bin to King Hui.After Bin arrived, Pang Fu avoided his ability and slandered him, and cut Bin.Bin feigned madness and escaped to Qi.Later, Pang led his army to invade Han, and King Qi used Bin to lead his troops to directly attack the capital of Wei.Pang returned to his teacher, but was defeated in an ambush.
Example 2: Liu Zhang, Han Chinese.At the end of the Han Dynasty, Zhang was in Yizhou. In the 16th year of Jian'an, Zhang Lu violated the border. Zhang used the strategy of righteousness to welcome Liu Bei into Sichuan to challenge Zhang Lu.When Bei entered Sichuan, Zhang was suspicious and refused. Bei attacked Zhang, surrounded Chengdu, Zhang surrendered, and Bei merged with Yizhou.
Those who give little hope will not be rewarded.
Cui Nuan, a Han Chinese, said in his motto: "Don't forget when you give to others, and don't forget when you receive what you give."
Example 1: King Qiwei, the king of Qi in the Warring States Period, in the eighth year of King Qiwei, Chu sent troops to join Qi.The king of Qi sent Chunyu Kun of Zhao to ask for help, and he paid a hundred gold and ten horses and chariots.Chunyu Kun looked up to the sky and laughed loudly, his crown tasseled.Wang said: "Sir, are you so small?" Kun said: "How dare you?" One dolphin's hoof, one cup of wine, and I wished: "The camp is full of baskets, the cart is full of sweat, the grains are ripe, and the house is full of rice." The minister saw that what he held was narrow, and what he wanted was extravagant, so he laughed. ” So King Wei of Qi paid a thousand yi of gold, ten pairs of white jade, and a hundred chariots and horses.Kun resigned and went to Zhao. The king of Zhao brought with him a hundred thousand elite soldiers and a thousand leather chariots.When Chu heard about it, he led his troops away at night.
Example 2: Yu Rang, a native of Jin in the Warring States Period.In the sixteenth year of King Zhending of Zhou Dynasty, the three families of Han, Zhao and Wei were destroyed and the Zhi clan was divided into Jin Dynasty.Yu Rang, a minister of the Zhi family, swallowed charcoal with paint on his body, changed his voice, and avenged Zhi Bo.He stabbed Zhao Wuxue three times and missed, and he was killed without blood.The left and right said: "Is the son afraid of death?" Rang said: "I am not afraid of death. After the pain of a certain death, there is no one to take revenge!" Wuxue Jie asked: "My son first served Fan, and Zhibo destroyed Fan. , To endure shame and steal a life, rebel against Uncle Zhi, and not avenge the Fan family. Now that the death of Zhibo is so severe, how can I repay it alone?" Rang said: "For certain things, the Fan family treats everyone with respect, and I also Repay it with the people. As for Zhibo, treat each other as a gentleman of the country, I should repay it as a scholar of the country, how can we look at it as an example?"
Those who are expensive but forget the cheap will not be long.
Be expensive and forget cheap, be safe and forget danger.These are all arrogant and obscene, and cannot be enjoyed for a long time.
Example 1: Liu He, Han nationality.Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty collapsed and had no sons, and he was appointed Emperor Wudi Sun Changyi Wang He.He Chu obeyed the edict, danced and danced, and lost his composure with joy.Since he is an emperor, he lives on the outside and does not mourn, and he is lewd and wandering. The emperor's gift is thousands of hundred and one hundred and seven things.Therefore, the accession to the throne was only seven days old, and Huo Guang and others played the role of the Queen Mother to abolish him.
Example 2: Hong Xiuquan, a native of the Qing Dynasty.During the Xianfeng period, foreign aggression was rampant, and the people were in dire straits. Hong Xiuquan rallied the crowd in Guangxi and went to Wuchang. In April of the third year of Xianfeng, he conquered Nanjing and established the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. He called himself the king of heaven.They do not think about making progress, they are greedy for pleasure, they are licentious and immoral, and they lose the hearts of the people.Yang Xiuqing, Wei Changhui, etc. resumed fighting for power and self-mutilation.So Qianjiang went into hiding, Youda ran away, and was destroyed by Zeng Guofan and others.
It is fierce to miss the old evils and abandon the new ones.
Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty did not resent the two seals of Yongchi, which is known in history as magnanimous.Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty did not seek revenge for Wei Zheng, so he became the Lord of the Ming Dynasty.If you want to achieve extraordinary achievements, you must have extraordinary skills.
Example 1: King Yan Hui, a native of Yan in the Warring States Period.King Yanzhao ascended the throne, and day and night it was his duty to avenge Qi's shame.In the thirty-first year of King Nan of Zhou, King Zhao used Le Yi as his general. Within six months, he conquered more than 70 cities, but the first and Jimo were not conquered.Le Yi made a siege and retreated for nine miles, hoping to make Gratitude happy.Prince Yan, Le Zi, was more determined than King Zhao, and King Zhao whipped him twenty.Zhao Wang died, and Le Zi's heir was established as Hui Wang. He was hated for being evil, so he made Qi Jie replace Le Yi.Qi Tian smashed Yan alone, killed cavalry and robbery, and restored Qi City.
Example 2: Xin Xingzong, a native of Song Dynasty.In the second year of Kuohe, Fangla, Muzhou, rebelled and fell into six prefectures and fifty-two counties.Hui Zhang Shuye recruited Song Jiang from Liangshan, and made Xin Xingzong, the former army commander of Xihe, and Xin Yuqian, ordered Jiang to attack Hangzhou.The bandit general Fang Qifo in Hangzhou had 60,000 people. Song Jiang used tricks to break through and capture Qifo.Xin Xingzong said: "Song Jiang and others were originally thieves. Although they made great achievements in breaking the city, they can only redeem their previous crimes." The controlling king dare not fight.Song Jiang and others will resign immediately, and Tongyin will live forever.
Those who employ improper personnel are perilous.
Improper employment.Things must be in danger, so Confucius said: People are the ones who govern.
Example 1: Zhao Ji and Emperor Song.Song Huizong appointed Cai Jing as his prime minister and Tong Guan as his grand tutor.Cai and Tong Nai discussed Tu Liao, and sent Wuyi doctor Ma Zheng to envoy Jin to attack with the covenant, but An Yaochen and others advised him not to follow.After the Liao Dynasty overthrew Jinxing, the Song Dynasty invaded the Liao Dynasty, Hui and Qin were taken into captivity, and the Northern Song Dynasty perished.
Example 2: Zai Tian, Emperor of the Qing Dynasty.Zaitian's heir was established for the sake of Guangxu, thinking about reform and striving for strength.Because he was controlled by the Queen Mother of the West and failed to fulfill his ambitions, he took the post of Yuan Shikai and wanted to threaten the Queen Mother with soldiers.Yuan Shikai reported a change, Guangxu was imprisoned, and the six gentlemen were in the market.After the National Revolution, the Qing government reused Yuan, and Yuan took control of it for self-interest.So the Qing Dynasty fell, and the Republic of China was in chaos for twenty years.
Those who use people by force are not animals.
Employing people according to their aspirations, the strong will not last long.
Example 1: Cao Cao, Han Chinese.Cao Cao attacked Liu Bei in Xuzhou. Bei asked Yuan Shao for help but failed and fled.The general Guan Yu guarded Xiapi so that his family members could stay in the city and not break through, so they surrendered to Han.Cao Su looked up to Yu Fengyi, a talented person, and restrained Yu with all kinds of favors, but Yu was unmoved.Yuan Shao attacked Cao, marched on the white horse, Yu Cong Cao refused, he had meritorious service in defeating Shao, so he returned to Liu Bei.
Example 2: Cao Cao, Han Chinese.Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao and captured his supervisor, Ju Shou.To teach the old knowledge of the basics, to love his talents and wisdom, is to release himself from his shackles.Shou Da shouted: "If I don't surrender, I wish to die early." Cao treated him generously and made him stay under the account.Granted to steal the horse again, he wanted to die and return to the Yuan family, so he beheaded it.
(Although Yun Qiang employs people instead of animals, it can be seen that Cao Cao loves talents very much. Therefore, Wei is the most prosperous of talents in the Three Kingdoms.)
Those who choose officials for others are chaotic.
The chaos of the past dynasties, the Japanese eunuchs, the Japanese relatives, the Japanese feudal towns, and the Japanese invaders.Although it is said that there are four, in fact one is that they are all inappropriate officials.In the old country, there are officials, so the directors are also in charge. If the officials are not competent, the government will be in chaos.
Example 1: Liu Che, Emperor Han.Emperor Wu favored Mrs. Li and used his younger brother Li Guangli as a general to conquer Dawan.Guangli is not a general, but a relative.It took more than 100,000 teachers and took four years to surrender in Dawan.Li Gui, with a crowd of less than 20,000, captured and presented dozens of good horses. Emperor Wu was delighted and granted Guangli the title of Marquis of Haibai.
Example 2: The three dynasties of the Qing Dynasty and the Guan Dynasty were prosperous, arrogant and promiscuous, and the Eight Banners were not enough to rely on, and most of the Manchu officials did not learn to be stupid.Since Xianfeng, Daoism has been insulted repeatedly, and during the Guangxu period, Erman wrote a letter to speak about things; a certain censor asked Tan Daoji to be appointed as a general. (Tan was born in the Liu Song Dynasty, and has been dead for more than a thousand years.) A certain Beijing hall said that in the northeast of Japan, there are Burma and Jiaozhi. (The officials of the Qing Dynasty were like this, even if there was no Wuchang Uprising, the Qing Dynasty would not last long.)
The strong who lose their place are weak.
Husband's strength is not fixed, and the situation is also used.
Example 1: Sun Min, a native of Qi in the Warring States Period.Qi Weiwang and Ri Ji won the game by galloping and shooting, but the horsepower was not enough, and they lost gold repeatedly.Sun Bin called Ji and said: "Qi's good horses gather in the king's stable, and it is difficult for the king to win with the second horn! Sincerely, the king's horse should be the other's horse. And take the king's horse, and the other's horse horns, take it The four of you are among the king, and the four horns of the other, although you lose once, you must win two." Avoid following it, just as he said.
Example 2: Han Xin, Han Chinese.Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty sent Han Xin to attack Zhao, and Xin led the battle against the water, killed Chen Yu, and defeated Zhao's army by 200,000.In the early days, the generals formed formations with their backs backed by water, which was a taboo in the art of war. They were all surprised, and asked: "There is a saying in the art of war, "The right back is the mountain forest, and the front is the left mountain marsh."Today, the general defeated the enemy with his back, why?Xin said: "Although you have read military books, you have not obtained the profound purpose. Don't you hear that there is a saying in the art of war: fall into a dead place and then live, put it in a dead place and then survive."
Decisions are made at the risk of the unkind.
Those who are not benevolent cannot make appointments with advantages, and cannot love others.Its behavior is also to take risks and luck.
Example 1: Zhang Wen, Han nationality.In the third year of Han Zhongping, Zhong Lang sent Dong Zhuo to the thief for no success, and sent Sikong and Zhang Wen to drive and ride generals, and Dong Zhuo was controlled by him.Wen summoned Zhuo with an imperial edict, but Zhuo Ao was not polite and responded to the failure.Joining the army, Sun Jian invited Xinzhi, saying: "Zhuo's disrespect and disrespect are one crime. Zhang Sui was domineering for many years, Zhuo did not go after him, and the army was suspicious, and the second crime. It is the three crimes to be proud and arrogant." Wen refused. (If Wen Ruo kills Zhuo, Cao and Yuan will not be able to get up, and the affairs of the Han Dynasty are still unknown.)
Example 2: Wang Zhen, a native of the Ming Dynasty.Emperor Yingzong of the Ming Dynasty favored the eunuch Wang Zhen, who took over the military power.He dispatched troops to Luchuan, labored hundreds of thousands of teachers, and paid for half the world. It took ten years and the gain outweighed the loss.The southeast is temporarily safe, and the Yingzong will be invited to conquer first.Deng Jin, Minister of the Ministry of War, Yu Qian, Minister of the Ministry of War, and Wang Zhi, Minister of the Ministry of War, refused to follow suit.The soldiers came out of the wooden fort and were defeated. Yingzong was captured first.The one who leaks the conspiracy loses.
Those who plot insidiously are all taken by surprise.If the plan is vented, light and darkness change shape, strength and weakness change momentum, and there is no one who is invincible.
Example 1: Duke Mu of Qin, Lord of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period.Minister Mu's envoy Meng Ming attacked Zheng, and the owner of the car was Yanjin, which was known to Zheng Jiaxiangao.Gao Puppet was the envoy of Zheng, and he greeted the Qin army with cattle and wine, saying: "I heard that the general will travel to Changyi, and I will not be shy about the gift. I respect the servant Gao Yuan and reward the follower." Meng Mingnai did not garrison the army, and the generals did not Xie Ming said: "I traveled thousands of miles, and if I escaped from the people of Zheng, I will definitely succeed. Now the plan has been leaked, and it has been prepared for a long time. If you attack it, the city will be hard to conquer, and if you surround it, it will be difficult to continue with fewer soldiers." But he slipped and returned.
Example 2: Li Jiancheng, a native of Tang Dynasty.Tang Gaozu Li Yuan ruled the world, the eldest son Jian became the prince, Shimin became the king of Qin, and Yuanji became the king of Qi.The prince conquered the world with the merits of the King of Qin, and felt uncomfortable, so he married Yuanji to seek the King of Qin.The matter leaked out, and the people of the world ambush Xuanwumen immediately, killed Jiancheng and Yuanji in the early dynasty, and became Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.
Those who are thick and thin are withered.
If the people are rich, the people will be poor, and if the people are poor, the country will wither. Therefore, it is said that "those who impoverish the world will be hated by the world; those who endanger the world will be disasters from heaven."
In the Qin Dynasty, the Great Wall was built and A Fang was built.The financial power of the poor world is abandoned to the people.Chen and Wu shouted together, Liu and Xiang followed suit, and Qin died in three years.Therefore, Du Mu commented: "Qin is also the one that perishes." In the late Ming and Qing Dynasties, inhumane people were employed, and officials amass extravagance and prostitution.So Kou is born from within, insult comes from without.These are all thick and withered people, so they lose the world.
Warriors are poor, warriors are rich and poor.
Confucius said: "If you don't teach the people to fight, it's called abandoning them." Therefore, there is no one who does not prepare for war when establishing a country.The battle is about training soldiers, and the training is about raising wages. If the food and wages are sufficient, soldiers are happy to use them.At the beginning of Xianfeng, the thieves flourished and the soldiers declined, and the food and pay did not continue. On the contrary, the reason why Zeng and Li received all the credit for Taiping.
In the two hundred years of the Warring States period, the princes attacked each other.Tourists hold the heart of the master, abandon benevolence and righteousness, and act for profit and loss, so in the morning they are commoners, in the evening they are ministers, and the fighters are exposed all year round.Therefore, Qin used Zhang Yi's Lianheng plan to annex the world. These are the people of the six kingdoms, who hate war, and the hearts of the princes, they can't wait for it to be at peace.
Those who bribe the public are ignorant.
If the goods are bribed in public, then petty flattery will advance, and the government will surely lose.
Example 1: Tian Yinqi, the king of Qi in the Warring States period.In the third year of King Gan of Zhou'an, because Qi Si was established as King Qi Wei, he used Zou Ji as his prime minister.At that time, the courtiers often called the doctor A (place name) the sage, and demoted the doctor Jimo. The taboo was the prestige of Shu, and the prestige king asked around, and the same was true.Wei Wangyin sent people to check the status of Eryi, and summoned the second guard to enter the court. A large group of ministers wanted to reward and punish. Since the son became an official, Jimo, the day of ruining words has come. I have people inspect it, the fields have been opened up, the people are rich, and the officials have nothing to do. The son is dedicated to governing the city, and he refuses to flatter me, so he was destroyed. "It is a great reward.He called Dr. A again and said: "Since my son has kept you, my reputation will come from day to day. I make people look at you, and the people in the fields are cold, but I bribe my left and right, make friends with courtiers, in order to get a good reputation. Keep it unworthy, and there is nothing better than you." It is cooked on the tripod. Then, more than a dozen cronies around him were summoned, and those who destroyed Dr. Jimo also cooked them sequentially.So the road to bribery was cut off, and Qi Dazhi.
Example 2: Liu Zhi, Emperor of Han Dynasty.During the reign of Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, he split Fu Temple and favored relatives.The government is changing day by day, and goods are being bribed in public. The eunuch Hou Lan offered five thousand horses, and he was granted the title of Marquis of Guannei.The white horse ordered Li Yun to write a letter... "The meaning of the emperor".Today, the palace positions are disordered, villains are flattering people, wealth and goods are publicized, politics is declining day by day, rulers (edicts) are worshiped and used, and they are not passed by the imperial province.Is the emperor's desire not true?Emperor Huan was ignorant and killed Li Yun.
Those who hear good things and ignore them, those who remember their mistakes and never forget them, are violent.
Guan Zhong, Prime Minister of Huan of Qi, and Zhang embroidery of Wei Wu, both of them were emphatic before they were released, so they are overbearing.田丰谏袁绍不从，绍囚之，既败，斩田丰。刘敬谏高祖不从，高祖国之，既困于白登，返，释敬谢过而厚赏之。观古之所以成，所以败，岂日无端耶！
例一：王允，汉人。汉献帝时，董卓不臣，王允结吕布等杀卓。时蔡邕在王允坐，闻之惊叹，允叱之曰：“董卓国之大败，几亡汉室。君为王臣，所宜同疾，而怀其私遇，反相伤痛，岂不共为适哉。”即收付廷尉。邕谢罪，愿黥首刖足继成汉史，士大夫多矜救之，不可得。太尉马日囗谓允曰：“伯喈旷世逸才，多识汉事，当绩成后史，为一代大典。而所坐甚微，诛之，无乃失人望乎？”允终诛邕。日囗退曰：“王公其无后乎？”
例二：李广，汉人。广饮田间夜归，霸陵尉呵止之。广从骑曰：“故李将军。”尉曰：“今将军尚不得夜行，何乃故也？”止广宿亭下。居无何，匈奴寇边，武帝召广为右北平守，广请尉与俱，至军而斩之。
所任不可信，所信不可任者浊。
孔于云：“可与共学，未可与适道。可与适道，未可与立。可与立，未可与权。”夫才德难全，故可任（才）者未必可信（德），可信者未必可任。如陆秀夫、张世杰等，忠义流芳，然非治军之才，是亦不可讳也。故宋襄称伯，遗笑于人。曹操征贤，唯才是视，是两者皆偏，要在任之得所，御之有方也。孔子曰：“孟公绰，为赵魏老则优，不可以为滕薛大夫。”
例一：苏秦，战国周人。人恶苏秦于燕王，言其反复无信也。秦谓燕王曰：“使臣信如尾生，廉如伯夷，孝如曾参，以事足下，不可乎？”燕王曰：“可。”秦曰：“有此，臣亦不事足下矣！孝如曾参，义不离其亲。廉如伯夷，污武王而不臣，辞孤竹之君。信如尾生，何肯扬燕齐之威于秦，而取大功乎？如此者，又何能为足下所用哉？”
例二：畏宁，清帝。清宣宗道光帝，在位三十年，颇思振奋求治。然浊于满、汉之见、林则徐、邓廷桢、杨芳等能员，或疑或黜。所信琦善、奕山、奕经等，皆庸昏愚昧，不足任事。故终无成。
牧人以德者集，绳人以刑者散。
文王以德，百里而兴。武王伐纣，诸侯从之者八百。秦有天下，陈涉一呼而崩解。孔子云：“道之以政，齐之以刑，民免而无耻。道之以德，齐之以礼，有耻且格。”
例一：田荣，汉人。齐王田荣，素无思德于民，为项羽攻破，率残众走平原，刑索于民，民纠众杀之。荣弟四横，能得民心，时项羽立田假为齐王，众乃逐假拥横。快高祖统天下，横率众五百，匿居海岛。高祖召之，横势不能拒，又耻居下位，距洛阳卅里，自到，以首付使回报。高祖复遣使驰海岛，召其众至洛阳。众至，闻横死，乃临其墓哭，继以身殉，五百众无一生还。
例二：张纲，汉人。汉顺帝汉安元年，遣光禄大夫张纲等八人巡行州郡，以察贤奸，二千石以下，准便宜行事。纲出都里许，慨然叹曰：“豺狼当道，安问狐狸？”即日毁车返都，劾内戚大将军梁翼十五大罪。翼憾之，值广陵贼张婴，杀守聚众数万，乃举纲为广陵太守。陵单车赴任，直起婴垒，晓谕大义，婴降，散其众。纲治广陵，道之以德，民皆安服。期年，纲病故，一城纟衰哭泣。
小功不赏，则大功不立；小怨不赦，则大怨必生。
秦赦孟明而襄公惧，楚杀子玉而文公喜。观乎此，知赏罚之道也。
例一：曹操，汉人。操征张绣于南阳，绣降。操私绣婶，绣恨攻操，操伤，几不能免，长子昂、侄安民均遇害。袁、曹之争，贾诩谏绣降操，曰：“夫有霸王之志者，团将释私怨，以明道于四海。”绣从之，操待之宽厚，后多立战功，封侯。
例二：李世民，唐帝。贞观十九年，唐太宗亲征高丽。安市之战，太宗见一白袍将，当先突阵，锐厉无前，乃召询之，即小校薛仁贵。太宗即予奖励，百授游击将军，并赐金帛骏马。仁贵感奋，多立大功，高宗时，回匕寇边，仁贵往平之。
赏不服人，罚不甘心者叛。赏及无功，罚及无罪者酷。
刑赏不中，则政令不行。政令不行，乱乃兹生。
例一：楚平王，春秋楚君。楚平王信无极之谗，杀功臣伍奢及其长子伍尚。奢次子伍员以父兄无罪见诛，誓欲报之，乃奔吴。十九年后，伍员率兵破楚，时平王已殁，出其尸而鞭之。
例二：朱厚照，明帝。明武宗性好嬉游，宠任宵小。钱宁、江彬等，身无寸功，但事连佞，导帝微游，皆封高位。朝廷大臣，武宗任情侮辱，或罚廷跪，或加廷杖，杖毙者十余人，复闹王守仁于贵州。至是言路断绝，国事日非，河北盗起，安化王囗囗，宁王宸濠，先后皆叛。
听谗而美，闻谏而优者亡。
夫人主（领导者）之通病有三，曰谀、好货、好色。尤以好谀，明主不免。故重禄不谏，畏罪不言，此亡国之风也。
例一：纣王，商君。纣王酒色荒淫，箕子谏而被囚，比干谏而见杀，忠良尽退，佞谀满朝。武王起兵，诸侯响应，纣王自焚而死，商亡。
例二：刘欣，汉帝。汉哀帝刘欣，昏淫荒乱。尚书仆射郑崇，正直敢言，进见必着革履，橐橐有声，故哀帝闻声而知那至，心甚厌之。尚书令赵昌，专务谄媚，乃潜郑交通宗族，必有阴谋。哀帝召郑责曰：“君门如市，奈何欲禁遏主上？”郑曰：“臣门如市，臣心如水。”哀帝恨郑答不言逊，国之，郑死狱中。
能有其有者安，贪人之有者残。
哀公问于有若曰：“年饥，用不足，如之何？”有若对曰：“动彻乎？”曰：“二，吾犹不足，如之可其彻也？”对曰：“百姓足，君孰与不足；百姓不足，君孰与足！”故恩盖天下，然后能保天下。安天下者，天下恃之。
例一：刘恒，汉帝。汉文帝刘恒，一生俭约，治陵寝用瓦具。历代兵乱，汉陵多道挖掘，独文帝陵得安。
例二：孟昶，五代蜀人。宋太祖使曹彬伐蜀，蜀主孟昶降，太祖羁之汁京。昶殁，宅内供帐等，悉收大内，卫卒见其溺器，用七宝装成，精致异常，亦收陈宫中。太祖见之，曰：“溺器以七宝装成，试问以何器贮食？奢靡至此，不亡何待？”乃碎之。
例三：慈禧后，清人。清末，中法之役，马江败绩，阎海舰队丧亡殆尽。清廷以海氛日恶，决议大兴海军，乃筹集巨资。光绪十二年，慈禧后拉那氏，耽于游乐，乃拨是项经费三千万金，修缮颐和园。未及二年，甲午中日之战，清海军不堪一击。乃割地赔款，国势日弱，终至覆亡。
福在积善，祸在积恶。
司马迁之论礼：“洋洋乎美德乎，宰制万物，役使群众，岂人力也哉！”故天以礼则四时分，地以礼则万物序，人以礼则五伦别。此《素书》六章，所以殿之以礼也。
《易》云：“积善之家，必有余庆。积不善之家，必有余