Chapter 44 16. China's education system

China's education system is increasingly competitive.In China, the Ministry of Education is still the core administrative department in the education system.More than 300 million people in China are engaged in education. In the Program for International Student Assessment, students in Shanghai far outperformed participants from all other countries in subjects such as reading, mathematics and science.This shocked the whole world. The voice of Chinese students is getting louder and louder internationally.They are no longer "passive beneficiaries" of the Western mindset.Instead, they are increasingly inclined to own their own minds and design their own life trajectory.

Education in China has undergone profound changes, and its development can be attributed to increased investment in the field of education.The government's goal is to increase investment in education to 4% of GDP. Teaching and research in foreign languages ​​and computers has advanced by leaps and bounds, as has continuing education, professional skills education, and education in rural areas.Nearly 30 universities in China rank among the top in the world. Higher Education Masters and Doctoral Students Universities and Colleges Professional School: Vocational Technical College Secondary education professional schools, technical schools and general institutions

Junior and Senior Vocational Secondary School General Secondary Junior and Senior Primary Education and Kindergarten Primary Kindergarten and Preschool Adult education, military schools, private institutions of higher learning, etc.; Adult self-examination education, seminary, etc. professional school or professional program Continuing Education In terms of youth education, China needs to improve the low level of education in the western regions, especially in rural areas and autonomous regions; before 2015, it will also achieve all the goals of the "Dakar Action" in an all-round way.

Since the World Education Forum established the goals of Education for All, remarkable progress has been made in this area: early childhood care and education, free high-quality primary education, literacy, eradication of discrimination between rich and poor, equal access to education, improved quality of education, etc. . Although the world rankings of different countries confirm the stagnation of their educational levels, the youngsters of Shanghai came out on top: ahead of former champions South Korea and Finland, they took the well-deserved number one spot. Are the OECD experts wrong?After being shocked, after calculation and verification, these young people scored more than 600 points, which is 100 points higher than the average score!

Even if Shanghai's success cannot be compared to the entire Chinese education system, we cannot deny the importance of Chinese education and the efforts made by the Chinese government, teachers and families.Although the budget invested in education development is less than 2% of global investment, China has created rare achievements that have attracted worldwide attention. Before China launched a comprehensive education reform, the level of education was very backward.According to the Chinese constitution, all citizens are obliged to receive primary and junior high school education until the age of 16.

In China, as in other countries, education plays a vital role in reducing social discrimination and the wage gap between men and women. Basic education in China includes preschool education, nine-year compulsory education (from primary school to junior high school), high school education, special education and literacy education for disabled children. Previously, many children could not go to school and could only stay at home.This phenomenon still exists today, but often in some less developed and remote and impoverished areas of China.And this phenomenon is gradually disappearing. At the end of 2009, compulsory education had covered 99.7% of the country's population.The enrollment rate of primary school-age children has reached 98.9%; junior high school has reached 94.1%.And in less than 10 years, the illiteracy rate among adolescents and adults has been reduced from 80% to 5%.

Although the development of education is not balanced enough, it has gradually improved.In some cities colleges and high schools are free and students are awarded scholarships.Investments in education, pedagogical support (computers, bilingual education, sports facilities, etc.) and social and cultural assistance are ongoing in the provinces and cities of China. Encouraging education starts with meeting people's most basic needs.Who can study and work well on an empty stomach?Who wants to study in an unhealthy and harsh environment? In western China, specific courses were set up to develop local education.Such educational support also adds to local ethnic or cultural wealth.

The Chinese government attaches great importance to the development of rural education. In 2009, the central government allocated more than 6 billion euros as special funds to ensure the mechanism of compulsory education in rural areas. For example, in 2011, 1,600 officials left for Xinjiang, bringing in more than 1 billion euros in additional investment.The purpose of this assistance is to strengthen local education and social progress (first bilingual education - Chinese and Uyghur, then housing and drinking water, etc.)… Another example is that by 2015, the Tibet Autonomous Region will provide students with free bilingual preschool education with funds allocated by the central government.By then, the proportion of Tibetan children attending kindergartens will increase from 24.5% to 60%.At present, the livelihood of the Tibetan people mainly depends on animal husbandry and agriculture. This measure aims to improve early childhood education in Tibet.

In the same spirit, migrant workers now have access to universities.Seven years after giving up his studies and becoming a migrant worker in Shanghai, Yang Shuai never thought he would go to university. The 27-year-old was one of the first 1,000 migrant workers to receive training in business administration.Its courses include economics, management and law.In the end, Yang Shuai got a degree from Shanghai TV University. Even though traditional private education no longer exists, modern private educational institutions are developing in China, but there is still little demand.It is not because of the quality of teaching, but more because of factors such as economics, pragmatic thinking, and ideology.

Still due to China's large population and vast territory... Therefore, China must continue to promote reforms to meet the needs of hundreds of millions of Chinese.China will invest heavily in early education such as primary and secondary schools.Issues related to education are very sensitive. China has made some progress and is still working hard. After 2020, the strategic goals to be accomplished include: the complete modernization of education, the popularization of education for all, and the cultivation of national high-quality talents. In addition, China has participated in many international education projects, building schools and colleges in developing countries such as Senegal in Africa.

Thanks to China's policy of opening up to the world and its favorable economic environment, Chinese students have combined the respective advantages of Chinese and Western education, and are confident in finding creative solutions.