Chapter 8 Chapter Seven Emperor Wu Liu Che

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty Liu Che, the fifth emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, reigned for 54 years (140 BC to 87 BC). He was a feudal emperor with great talents and achievements in the history of our country.He inherited the prosperity and power of the country and the stability of the political situation caused by the "rule of Wenjing", changed the old system, abandoned the "inaction" politics of Huang Lao in the early Han Dynasty, advocated Confucianism, practiced more aggressive politics, strengthened the imperial power internally, consolidated unity, and opened up to the outside world. He is an important historical figure who completed the feudal autocratic centralized empire by expanding the territory and promoting the country's prestige.Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty pushed the Western Han Dynasty to its heyday and ushered in a glorious era in Chinese history.

Liu Che was born in the first year of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty (156 BC), and his father Liu Qi (that is, Emperor Jing of Han) came to the throne exactly in this year, so he was a prince at birth, and his mother was Wang Meiren.It is said that when Wang Meiren was pregnant with Liu Che for the first time, she dreamed of the sun entering her bosom. Emperor Han Jing said that this was an auspicious dream, and it was a sign that Liu Che would be blessed in the future.This auspicious dream soon spread throughout the palace, adding a layer of magic to Liu Che.But his mother is only a concubine, and he can only be counted as a concubine. According to the feudal patriarchal law, he is not eligible to inherit the throne. When he was 4 years old, according to the convention, he was named King of Jiaodong.His eldest brother, Liu Rong, was named crown prince.

Emperor Han Jing had an older sister named Liu Xing, who was called the eldest princess.The eldest princess has a daughter, Chen Ajiao, who wants to betroth her daughter to the crown prince Liu Rong, but Liu Rong's biological mother, Li Ji, refuses.The eldest princess has always liked Liu Che very much, so she wanted to betroth her daughter to him, but Gillian was a few years older than Liu Che, and Emperor Han Jing did not agree.The eldest princess made a small plan, and one day asked Liu Che in front of Emperor Han Jing if he wanted to marry Gillian, and Liu Che replied: "If I can marry Gillian, I must build a golden house for her." .” Emperor Han Jing agreed to the marriage.From then on, the eldest princess and Wang Meiren became in-laws, and the relationship became closer.

The eldest princess Liu Xing was quite scheming. She was an important political figure in Emperor Jing's reign and could exert important influence on his younger brother Jingdi.Under the conditions of her planning and the disparity in the quality of personnel from all parties, Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty finally established Wang Meiren as the queen and Liu Che as the prince in the seventh year of the Yuan Dynasty (150 BC). At the age of 7, Liu Che obtained the right to inherit the throne. Liu Che showed intelligence and intelligence since he was a child. Emperor Han Jing liked him at first, and after becoming the prince, he carefully cultivated him, and invited Wei Wan, who is highly respected, to be his teacher.Wei Wan trained Liu Che for six or seven years and had a great influence on Liu Che.

Liu Che liked to study when he was young, and he was very interested in Confucian classics, riding and archery, and literature.He read the Fu of Mei Cheng, a famous writer at that time, and admired him very much. He always wanted to see Mei Cheng himself. Later, he became emperor and took Mei Cheng to Beijing with Anche Pulun.He also learned riding and archery from Han Yan, the grandson of Gonggao Hou Hongdang who was born in the Huns. In the first year of Jianyuan, 16-year-old Liu Che succeeded to the throne as emperor.Before that, it was the period of "Government of Wen and Jing". The economy of the Han Dynasty was restored and developed. When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty succeeded to the throne, the country was fine and the family was sufficient.But behind this superficial prosperity lurks sharp contradictions.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was determined to resolve these contradictions.Therefore, he first started with talents, and issued an edict to recommend "virtuous and upright" people throughout the country.After some elections and examinations, the great Confucian Dong Zhongshu ranked first.Emperor Wu summoned Dong Shi and asked about the national policy.Dong Zhongshu responded calmly, and put forward insightful strategies for governing the country and stabilizing the country, which won the heart of Emperor Wu, and was known as "virtuous strategy" in history. Secondly, after the virtuous countermeasures, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty embarked on political reforms.He asked Wei Qihou Dou Ying to take over the position of the elderly Wei Wan, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also asked his uncle Tian Fu to be the Taiwei and take charge of the army.Both Dou Ying and Tian Fu liked Confucianism, and they recommended Zhao Wan, who was born as a Confucian scholar, to be the imperial historian and Wang Zang to be the doctor.Zhao Wan and Wang Zang also recommended their teacher and doctor Shen Pei to reform the sacrificial ceremony and study the Mingtang system.Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent someone to invite Shen Pei to Chang'an to be a doctor of the Taizhong with cattail carts and gifts.

The ambitious Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty cooperated with these Confucian officials, determined to do a great job, carry out reforms, and implement more aggressive political measures.First of all, the legal system is strict, and the ministers are required to report those royal relatives who have misbehaved, and they will be relegated after the crime is verified.In order to weaken the power of the princes, the princes who lived in Beijing were ordered to move back to their fiefs.Then, some burden-reducing measures were implemented for the common people, such as saving 10,000 guards who "transfer to pick up and send off", stop feeding garden horses, give garden land to the poor for farming, and abolish the tax system of checkpoints.Execute kindness and revitalize education.Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered: the old man who has reached the age of 80 will exempt two members of his family from the mouth money; the old man who has reached the age of 90 will also be exempted from the mouth money of his family and exempt one son from serving in the military.Then the Mingtang was set up, the system of hunting tours and enshrining Zen was drafted, and the calendar and kimono colors were changed, so as to prepare for the coming of the peaceful and prosperous age.In addition, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also asked to make preparations to fight back against the Huns, and in the third year of Jianyuan (138 BC), he sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions to unite with the Da Yuezhi Kingdom in the West to attack the Huns. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also began to change his foreign policy. .

However, at this time, the power in the court was still in the hands of Empress Dowager Dou.Empress Dowager Dou has been a queen for 40 years. She has a high status and great power in the palace.His family favored their parents and did evil. Many people were reported and relegated. Most of the wives of Liehou were princesses. Their general backstage, Empress Dowager Dou, went to sue and slandered the new political measures. In addition, Empress Dowager Dou herself "loved the Yellow Emperor and Lao Tzu's words" and disliked Confucianism. Political opposition groups. In the second year of Jianyuan, Zhao Wan, the doctor of imperial history, wrote a letter proposing that the Empress Dowager Dou should not be allowed to interfere in the state affairs. This was tantamount to canceling the privileges of the Empress Dowager Dou. Taiwei Tian Fu imprisoned Zhao Wan, the imperial historian, and Wang Zang, the doctor's order, and sent away Shen Pei, the Taizhong doctor.Soon, Zhao Wan and Wang Zang were forced to commit suicide in prison.Since then, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty's New Deal measures were interrupted.The successor prime minister is Xu Chang, the censor is Zhuang Qingzhai, and the doctor is Shi Jian. They are all from the Empress Dowager Dou, and they are not Confucianists.The regime was basically in the hands of Empress Dowager Dou, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty had no choice but to wait for the opportunity.

In the sixth year of Jianyuan, Empress Dowager Dou died of illness. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty got rid of the shackles, and immediately ordered the dismissal of Prime Minister Xu Chang and the imperial historian Zhuang Qingzhai. , Han Anguo is the royal doctor.Since then, he carried out a series of drastic reforms, ended the "inaction" politics under the guidance of Huang Lao's thought, adopted Dong Zhongshu's new Confucianism, and promoted the aggressive politics of multiple desires, creating a glorious era. During the sixties and seventies of the early Han Dynasty, Huang Lao's theory of "quietness and inaction" prevailed throughout the country, which played a beneficial role in stabilizing the political situation, making laws and proscriptions, recuperating, and developing production.However, inaction and laissez-faire gave the princes, kings and wealthy merchants the opportunity to expand their power and do evil, which intensified social polarization and intensified class conflicts.By the time Emperor Wu of the Han succeeded to the throne, the rule of the landlord class had been consolidated, and the social economy had made new developments. The Huang-Lao thought of ruling by doing nothing could no longer meet the requirements of the landlord class.Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty needed a ruling thought with a strong aggressive spirit to replace Huang Lao's "inaction" thought.Confucianism just meets this requirement. It is broad and profound, and has the characteristics of rich and all-encompassing content in politics, philosophy, education, literature, and ethics. It is more adaptable to be fully utilized by the ruling class, especially in the Shengping era to control the people.

Dong Zhongshu came out at the right time, adapted to the requirements of the times, and proposed "dismissing all schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone", becoming the representative of New Confucianism in this period.In the first year of Jianyuan (140 BC), he put forward his theory in the virtuous countermeasures, advocating: first, dismiss a hundred schools of thought, respect Confucianism alone, and unify thought; second, emphasize great unification and strengthen centralization; third , Advocating the "divine right of the monarch", turning the Taoist orthodoxy into a feudal legal system; fourth, advocating the benevolent government of Confucianism, while emphasizing the rule of law.

These propositions of Dong Zhongshu are proposals based on the long-term interests of feudal rule, and provide a theoretical basis for Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to centralize power, unify thoughts, and unify the world, and are conducive to the long-term stability of feudal rule. It is natural to respect Confucianism. In order to respect Confucianism alone, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty promoted the Confucianism education system nationwide, and used Confucianism to train successors to the rule of the feudal landlord class.In the fifth year of Yuanshuo (124 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty accepted Dong Zhongshu's suggestion and established Taixue.Taixue completely used the Five Classics of Confucianism as its curriculum, and the teachers hired doctors of Confucianism. The number of students in Taixue increased year by year, and there were 10,000 students by the end of the Western Han Dynasty.These talents cultivated with Confucianism became the most effective defenders of the centralization of feudal absolutism.In addition, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also called for the establishment of local schools in the county.In this way, Confucianism has become a ladder for scholars to enter, harmonizing the education system with the employment system and unifying ideas, and scholars all over the world have unified Confucianism in order to enter official careers. The thinking was unified, the stumbling block to innovation was removed, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty started a series of new policies. Due to historical reasons such as the establishment of the country by armed forces, the Han Dynasty was still a military and aristocratic government until Emperor Wu.In order to break this situation and change the composition of government officials, Emperor Wu followed Dong Zhongshu's suggestion and adopted a series of decrees and measures to establish and improve the civil servants' employment system consisting mainly of the selection of civil servants, including the investigation, imperial education, recruitment, and public car letters. system. The first is the investigation system.Since the first year of Emperor Wu Jianyuan (140 BC), after the large-scale elections across the country, in the fifth year of Yuanguang (134 BC) and the fifth year of Yuanfeng (106 BC), the prefectures were asked several times to recommend Xiaolian, Virtuous, upright, and talented, and it is stipulated that those who are filial and honest will not be punished.He also allowed the officials and the people to write a letter to talk about politics, and also issued an imperial edict stating that these "exceptional people" with "extraordinary merits" should be appointed as "general ministers" or "envoys to the country" (envoys to distant countries). .The procuratorial electoral system already existed in the early Han Dynasty. There were two subjects of virtuousness and filial piety. Emperor Wu added subjects: virtue, academics and Confucianism, legal talents who learned laws and regulations, and administrative personnel. .Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty perfected this method of selecting officials and perfected the inspection system. While perfecting the inspection system, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also established a conscription system to recruit social sages, reclusive scholars, scholars and celebrities who had certain talents but refused to become officials.Jianyuan conscripted, there are writers Mei Cheng, Confucian master Shen Pei and so on.After that, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty recruited people who were familiar with world affairs and learned Taoism in the fifth year of Yuanguang. In the first year of Yuanshou (122 BC), he sent doctors to the world to recruit gentlemen and hermits.With the cooperation of the conscription system, the inspection system and the system of writing on the bus, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty recruited a large number of talents. During the Jianyuan period, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty accepted Dong Zhongshu's suggestion to build Taixue and set up a Doctor of Five Classics.Taixue is the first national university in my country, and it is a system for cultivating civil servants.The imperial court often selects outstanding young people over the age of 18 to enroll as doctoral students, and the county can also select young people with excellent character and learning to send to Taixue.After studying for one year and passing the exam, those who have passed the exam can fill the official vacancies in literature and anecdotes; report directly.This is a system that combines education and official selection. It regularly and frequently sends civil officials to the imperial court and is the main source of government officials at all levels. Through the reform of the above-mentioned employment system, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty directly or indirectly took the power of selecting officials into his own hands, forming a bureaucratic system centered on imperial power, enabling intellectuals from the middle and lower classes of the landlord class to embark on official careers, and expanding the Western Han Dynasty. basis of domination.A large number of political, economic, military, diplomatic, and literary talents gathered around Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. While enriching and strengthening the ruling institutions, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also vigorously strengthened the centralization of power.The first is to weaken the power of the prime minister and strengthen the imperial power.Since most of the prime ministers of the Han Dynasty were founding heroes and had high positions and weights, their power often exceeded the imperial power.Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was extremely dissatisfied with the separation of powers among the prime ministers, and he began to gradually change this situation after he took office.At this time, most of the meritorious officials and veterans in the early Han Dynasty also passed away. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took the opportunity to select talents in an eclectic manner, gradually changed the situation of military meritorious aristocrats, and used Confucian scholars to serve his politics. In the fifth year of Yuanshuo (122 BC), Emperor Wu broke the old system of lords worshiping ministers and appointed Gongsun Hong, a Confucian scholar born in poverty, as prime minister, completely destroying the privileges of military nobles.Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty not only weakened the power of the prime minister, but also often condemned, deposed, and even executed the prime minister. In order to strengthen the centralization of power, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted the policy of "strong stems and weak branches" to weaken the local separatist forces.First of all, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty found a theoretical basis for strengthening centralization and combating local forces from Dong Zhongshu's "Great Unification" theory. He tried his best to promote the theory of Great Unification.And in the second year of Yuanshuo (127 BC), he adopted Zhufu Yan's suggestion and promulgated the "Tweeting Order" to eliminate the enfeoffment system.The Tweeting Order stipulates that in addition to the eldest son inheriting the throne, the princes and kings can also Tweet the rest of the princes in the original fiefdom. The newly-appointed princes will no longer be under the jurisdiction of the original king, but will be directly managed by the counties and counties in various places.In name, this measure was the emperor's kindness, but in fact it deprived the political and military power of the princes and kings, and reduced the territory of the princes and kings. Since then, "the big country is only more than ten cities, and the small princes are only a few dozen miles away."The Xiaohou Kingdom, which was enfeoffed by the Tweet Order, can only "food, clothing, rent and tax" and no longer enjoys political privileges.In this way, many powerful princes and kingdoms were greatly weakened. In the process of attacking local forces, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also started to attack local powerful forces and strengthened the control of local officials.In the early Han Dynasty, the Internet was banned for omissions, punishments were reduced, and local powerful forces developed greatly. A group of powerful patriarchs and local bureaucrats appeared in various places who bullied the weak by the strong, violent the few by the crowd, and ran amok in the countryside.In order to strengthen the control over them, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty continued to carry out the method of relocating powerful people since the early Han Dynasty, moving them to Guanzhong and placing them under the control of the central government; Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also reformed the supervisory system in the early Han Dynasty. In the fifth year of Yuanfeng (106 BC), he divided the country into thirteen departments (states), and each department (state) sent a governor to patrol the county every autumn and supervise the county. In the country, the first governor does not deal with general administrative affairs, but specifically inspects the illegal behavior of local tyrants and the malpractice of local governors, county guards, and state officials. After inspection, the local governors who are considered excellent can be recommended to the central government to serve as nine ministers, and those who are considered bad can be dismissed. .The implementation of this measure has restrained local powerful forces and stabilized the society. At the same time as the political reform, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also launched a series of new economic policies, including: first, reforming the currency system and bringing the coinage right to the central government.Second, the state will manage the salt and iron business in a unified manner.Third, implement the policy of equalization and equalization.Fourth, carry out counting and suing, and crack down on wealthy businessmen.These economic reforms carried out by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty were all carried out under the principle of emphasizing agriculture and suppressing business. These measures restricted and attacked the economic power of wealthy businessmen, powerful merchants, and nobles to a certain extent, and increased the fiscal revenue of the Western Han government. It temporarily solved the difficulties caused by war and extravagance, strengthened the centralization of power economically, and consolidated the dictatorship of the landlord class.However, this kind of economic policy of emphasizing agriculture and suppressing business suppressed private industry and commerce and hindered the development of commodity economy. In terms of foreign policy and measures, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was a man of great talent and strategy. He expanded the territory and expanded the territory, and he was powerful in all directions, consolidating and developing the multi-ethnic unified empire.The implementation of "inaction" politics in the early Han Dynasty strengthened the economic and cultural ties between the Han nationality and the ethnic minorities to a certain extent, and created favorable conditions for the future development of a unified multi-ethnic feudal state. The greed and predatory nature of the Xiongnu nobles on the Mongolian plateau brought great disasters to the officials and people on the frontiers of the Western Han Dynasty, and also posed a great threat to the regime of the Western Han Dynasty.In order to establish a "unified" feudal empire, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty carried out a national policy of resistance and "subjugation". He continued to attack the Huns in the north and forced the Huns to move north. Developed the northern region of China; sent envoys to the Western Regions, established the suzerainty of the Western Han Dynasty over the Western Regions; quelled the rebellion of Minyue and Nanyue, and stabilized the rule of the southwest region; opened up the northeast and northwest frontiers, making Xinjiang and western Gansu Beginning to enter the territory of China, the territory of the Northeast region has expanded from the present-day Liaodong Peninsula to the Hunjiang and Yalu River basins. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the three sides were widely opened, and the exchanges between China and foreign countries were frequent. The exotic treasures and various high-end luxury goods from afar flowed into the Central Plains, which stimulated Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to be extravagant and lustful. Respect foreign envoys and businessmen, entertain and reward countless.At the same time, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, like Qin Shihuang, also liked to go on tour.He went on tour more than ten times. In the first year of Yuanfeng (110 BC), he went north to Shuofang (south of Urad Front Banner, Mongolia) for a military parade to show off his military power to the Xiongnu. , and then go north along the coast to Jieshi (now Changli, Hebei), turn west along Beijun, pass Jiuyuan (now Baotou West, Mongolia) and turn back to Chang'an.The journey amounted to 18,000 miles, and along the way "more than one million pieces of silk were rewarded, and tens of thousands of money were used", and the cost far exceeded that of Qin Shihuang.At the beginning of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty's succession to the throne, "the people provided enough for the family" and the treasury was full, but after decades of foreign wars, "the country was wasted". As the years passed, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty felt that he was getting old, so he tried every means to seek remedies, superstitious ghosts and gods, and seeking immortality.In the fifth year of Yuan Ding (1120 BC), alchemist Luan Da came to Chang'an, saying that he had traveled to the sea, met immortals, and found the elixir of immortality.Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty believed it was true, successively named him General Wuli, General Tianshi, General Dishi, General Datong, Marquis of Letong, gave him ten thousand catties of gold, and married his daughter Princess Wei to him.In the end, a jade seal was specially engraved, and he was named General Tiandao in the etiquette of treating guests, expressing that he would not be regarded as a subject.In the first year of Yuanfeng (110 BC), the scam was exposed, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty beheaded Luan Da.But he still keeps sending people to the sea to seek immortality, imagining that someone can succeed. In his later years, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was sick and suspicious. Once he dreamed that thousands of wooden men beat him, and he fell ill after waking up.He sent Jiang Chong to investigate, and killed tens of thousands of people, including the prime minister Gongsun He and his son, the daughters of Emperor Wu, Princess Zhuyi, Princess Yangshi, the nephew of Empress Wei, Changpinghou Wei Quanyuan and other dignitaries.Later, someone reported that there was a puppet in the womb of the crown prince, and falsely accused him of cursing Emperor Wu. In July of the second year of Zhenghe (91 BC), the crown prince was forced to falsely preach an imperial decree to arrest Jiang Chong, and sent troops to capture all key departments in Chang'an. Emperor Wu was furious. At that time, Prime Minister Liu Qushou sent troops to arrest the prince. The two armies fought in Chang'an for several days. The prince was defeated and committed suicide, and Queen Wei also committed suicide.This case was considered an unjust prison in the second year, and the prince was able to recover.Later, the prime minister Liu Quyu and the general of the second division Li Guangli were also accused of engaging in witchcraft activities to curse the emperor. Liu Quyu was killed, Li Guangli surrendered to the Huns, and the 70,000 army under his command was wiped out.Emperor Wu defeated the Xiongnu many times in his life, but in the end he suffered such a disastrous defeat due to non-military reasons, which caused a huge shock in his mind. Later, he realized that the so-called witchcraft activities had no evidence and were purely unjust cases created by Jiang Chong and others. Killing Jiang Chong's family stopped the continuation of this tragedy. A series of setbacks made Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty reflect on what he had done in his life. He began to reflect on his own mistakes. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty went to the coast of Shandong for the last time in the four years of Zhenghe. Seeing the boundless waves washing the sand, it was impossible to sail, and he could only return in despair. He looked back on the past while walking, and he was filled with emotion. So he picked up Leisi and went to work in the field in person.When he went to worship in the Mingtang of Mount Tai, he checked himself against the gods of heaven and earth and ministers.Soon, Dahong Lutian Qianqiu asked to repel the alchemists, and Emperor Wu of the Han dismissed all the alchemists.In June, Sang Hongyang, the captain of Soli, asked Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to send people to build a fortress in Luntai. It is to aggravate the pain of the old, weak and lonely, and now they are asking to be stationed in Luntai to open the fields. This is an act of "disturbing the world". Farmers" and rest with the people. "Luntai repentance" shows that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was a far-sighted statesman after all. In the last period of his rule, he could see the mistakes in his past policies; it also marked a major turning point in the policies of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Adopted the policy of resting with the people, thinking about the rich and supporting the people, appointed Tian Qianqiu as the prime minister, and named him "Marquis of the Rich People", and appointed Zhao Guo, a great agronomist, as the captain of Sou Su, and asked him to promote the advanced "Dai Tian" nationwide. After two years of hard work, the society tended to be stable again, which opened the later "Zhaoxuan Zhongxing" and the prosperity of the Western Han Dynasty comparable to Wenjing. However, at this time, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty had already set in the west.For the normal continuation of the Han family, in the fourth year of Zhenghe (89 BC), he had someone draw a picture of Zhou Gong recited as a dynasty and meeting ministers when he was vacationing in Ganquan Palace, and gave it to Huo Guang, the captain of Fengche. He assisted his youngest son Liu Fuling to succeed to the throne, and forced Liu Fuling's mother, Zhao Jieyu, to commit suicide in Yunyang Palace to prevent the Queen Mother from intervening in politics.In the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (87 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty fell ill in Wuzha Palace. Knowing that he was dying, he appointed Liu Fuling as the prince in front of his bed, and at the same time made Huo Guang the great general of the Sima Kingdom. Ri Shidan is the general of chariots, Shangguan Jie is the general of the left, and Sang Hongyang is the royal doctor. They are asked to work together to assist the crown prince.The next day, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty died.Buried in Maoling Mausoleum (northwest of Chang'an), there are tombs of Huo Qubing and Wei Qing in the northeast of the mausoleum, and Huo Guang's tomb in the southeast.