Chapter 28 Chapter 27 Great Southwest

History is so weird, this force that joined and accompanied Ming Dynasty to complete the final journey is an important armed force that overthrew the Ming Dynasty - the rest of the Great Western Army. The transformation of the rest of the Great West Army from an "anti-Ming armed force" to a "Ming protecting armed force" involved too many complicated factors. Among them, there are interests, people's aspirations, national feelings, and personal temperament. This change began with Zhang Xianzhong's failure in Sichuan. At the beginning of 1644, Zhang Xianzhong, as the "second killer" of the Ming Dynasty, led his rebel team and successfully occupied most of the Hunan and Jiangxi provinces.

Just when everyone predicted that he would go straight to Nanjing, the "residence capital" of the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Xianzhong gave up his territory in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces, turned his guns and headed towards Sichuan. He did this not because he was afraid of the pursuit of the "class enemy" - the Ming Dynasty, but because of the persecution of the "class brother" - Li Zicheng. Zhang Xianzhong and Li Zicheng, the leaders of the two major uprising armies in the late Ming Dynasty, seem to be the "reprints" of Zhou Yu and Zhuge Liang in the Three Kingdoms period.Zhang Xianzhong is older than Li Zicheng, made his debut earlier than Li Zicheng, and was born taller than Li Zicheng, but there are fewer "flash lights" gathered on his body than Li Zicheng.

Out of this kind of jealousy, he had many unhappiness with Li Zicheng, which later led to a large-scale "merger". Today, Li Zicheng not only occupies most of Shaanxi, Henan and Hubei, but also takes the lead in proclaiming himself emperor and founding a country in Xi'an. More importantly, the people of the Ming Dynasty in the past have regarded Li Zicheng as the best candidate for the next "True Dragon Emperor". Don't pay the food." The revolutionary song is resounding across the river, north and south, and up and down the Yellow River. But Zhang Xianzhong at this moment is still a gangster who "everyone shouts and beats", his name is not right, his words are not right...

"The gap between people is so big yesterday?" Zhang Xianzhong, who has passed his forty years, often frowns and complains about himself! But the uncomfortable is the uncomfortable, and the reality is the reality. After weighing that he could not compete with Li Zicheng, who was in the limelight, Zhang Xianzhong resolutely embarked on the road to Sichuan. When the outside world is already "constantly turbulent and fighting", the turbulent hurricane did not cross the Bashan River and blow into this "Land of Abundance". The whole Sichuan is still a scene of good weather, peace and harmony.

The only thing that is not in harmony with this scene is the "thirteen shakers" composed of a group of "rogue proletarians" who are making trouble in northern Sichuan. Ever since, all the elite Ming army in Sichuan were recruited to eradicate this "tumor of festering sores". It was a coincidence that it was too early to come. Just when the elite of the Ming army was entangled by the "Thirteen Shakers", Zhang Xianzhong had already led the team to the prison, crossed the Three Gorges, Kepei Prefecture, captured Chongqing, and occupied Chengdu. He was defenseless. country.

Maybe they are tired of the Ming Dynasty's two hundred years of rule, or they yearn for a strong protector in troubled times. At this time, the Sichuan people neither welcome nor resist Zhang Xianzhong's team, but accept it quietly. this reality. On the way to occupy Sichuan, Zhang Xianzhong also paid special attention to military style and discipline, and strictly prohibited burning, killing and looting. At this time, the relationship between the army and the people was still harmonious. By May 1644, except for the Shizhu area, all of Sichuan had been brought under Zhang Xianzhong's control.

Inspired by Li Zicheng's "founding the country and proclaiming himself emperor", Zhang Xianzhong, who followed suit, finally fulfilled his dream of being an emperor for many years in Chengdu, Sichuan! After proclaiming himself emperor, he named his newly established dynasty "Daxi" and "Dashun" (he took Li Zicheng's country name as his year name, and Zhang Xianzhong, who was mentally distorted, finally took advantage of it once. cheap). Naturally, the army he led was called the "Daxi Army" by the people. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he soon found himself facing the same problem as Li Zicheng - how to manage the new dynasty well.

Daxi people, who have changed from being ruled to rulers, are neither in the mood to "recycle" the old bureaucratic machinery, nor have the ability to build a cadre team with social management capabilities in a short period of time. Therefore, in Sichuan, the " After "rogue bandits" became "sitting bandits", the problem of eating came one after another. At first, the Onishi government relied on confiscating the properties of the government, the royal family, and Ming officials to solve the food problem, but soon these properties were quickly exhausted. The money is gone, and taxes will not be collected according to normal social and economic management methods. The remaining emergency measures are to grab the big households.

But no matter how rich Sichuan is, the number of big households is still limited, and after a while, all the big households are robbed. Hundreds of thousands of Daxi soldiers, civilians, and officials can't be empty stomachs and serve Zhang Xianzhong free of charge.Therefore, when the big households robbed them all, they robbed the middle households and small households. Looting and looting means that in Onishi, a "re-uprising" broke out against the insurgents. The Sichuan people, who had always been docile, honest, and happy to accept their fate, organized various "grain protection teams" of various sizes to use guerrilla warfare to eliminate small groups of Daxi soldiers who came out to "grain".

As a result, the problem of eating has not yet been solved, and the problem of Ye'an has turned into a very headache for Zhang Xianzhong. He often regarded himself as "half a scholar", and immediately thought that the reason why the Sichuan people rebelled was entirely caused by the scholars, so he felt that it was necessary to do a "cleaning" of the scholars in Sichuan. In the name of the emperor, he once again issued an imperial decree to "the whole country" that the second imperial examination will be held this year. The imperial decree also specially added a rigid rule that all scholars must come to take the exam.If you don't come, the whole family will be killed, and the neighbors will sit down.

According to the imperial decree, 99% of the scholars in Sichuan will gather in Chengdu within one month to prepare for the exam. But on the day of the exam, the exam room turned into a slaughterhouse, and more than 17,000 scholars were killed, except for a dozen young children who were more pleasing to the eye. After killing these scholars, Zhang Xianzhong, who still had lingering fears, turned his butcher knife to "monk Taoism, medical divination, yin and yang, and all kinds of craftsmanship", so these people with a certain amount of knowledge were deceived to come here under various names. Then kill. After eliminating the two types of people mentioned above, uprisings, large and small, in various places in Daxi, still follow the wave behind the wave before the wave, and the big wave leads to the small wave. As long as there are "re-insurgents" fighting from the fields to the city, the city people can't wait to join forces, kill the Daxi army in the city, and welcome these "re-insurgents" into the city. Annoyed, Zhang Xianzhong immediately identified these ignorant "city dwellers" as the targets of the next massacre. The massacre of "city dwellers" first started in the "capital" Chengdu, and then Jianyang, Rongxian, Hongya and other small and medium-sized cities also received the same treatment. After killing the people in the city, Zhang Xianzhong forced the peasants in the suburbs to "convert from agriculture to non-agriculture" and go to the city to serve the Onishi regime. In the spring of 1645, Zeng Ying, a general of the Southern Ming Dynasty, broke through the eastern Sichuan defense line and occupied Chongqing. The re-arrival of the Ming army made the people of Sichuan nostalgic for the regime that had protected people's lives, property and traditional culture, so they moved closer to Chongqing from all over the country. The population under Zeng Ying's rule rapidly expanded to 500,000 people. Zhang Xianzhong hurriedly sent his son Liu Wenxiu to attack Chongqing, but was soon defeated by the "united" Chongqing army and civilians. Encouraged by the victory in Chongqing, Yang Zhan and other Nanming generals successively occupied Qijiang, Yibin, Xuzhou and other important towns in eastern Sichuan and southern Sichuan, and gradually advanced to the western Sichuan plain where Chengdu is located. And a small number of garrisons to meet the Ming army. At this time, the Qing army, under the banner of "going out of the people's water and fire", nibbled away from Hanzhong to Sichuan as a "liberator". The Daxi Army in front has been defeated repeatedly, and the territory of the Daxi regime is getting smaller and smaller. Zhang Xianzhong, who had already despaired of running Sichuan, decided to "abandon Sichuan and enter Qin Dynasty" and fight back to Shaanxi to seek "starting a business again". Before leaving, he had stayed in Sichuan for more than a year, and he issued the most severe massacre order for the areas he could control, with the intention of turning the country that he could not get into scorched earth and leaving an empty shell . He once issued a special oracle-"Heaven uses everything to be with man, and man has nothing to do with heaven, kill, kill, kill, kill, kill!", as an "innocence defense" for his massacre. The mountain villagers hiding outside the city became another batch of wronged souls who suffered under his butcher's knife. When the surrounding mountains and rivers were killed, it was as silent as the moon. During the march, he found that his military rations were getting less and less, and he could not get new supplements at all. Having entered a state of madness, he immediately slashed at the more than 200,000 newly recruited "Sichuan Army" with his butcher's knife. After killing the "Sichuan Army", in order to save food and get rid of the burden, he waved the last butcher's knife at the women and civil servants in the army. In order to set an example, he killed the three hundred funeral concubines around him in one breath, leaving only twenty, and only twenty-five of the thousand civil servants. Among the leaders of peasant uprisings in the past dynasties in our country, Zhang Xianzhong's indiscriminate killing can be described as "there is no one before, and no one will come after", making Huang Chao, Hong Xiuquan and other predecessors and future generations "sigh"! A person who has done too much evil will have retribution sooner or later. At the end of 1646, when Zhang Xianzhong led his army to Fenghuang Mountain in Xichong County, Liu Jinzhong, who disagreed with the massacre and surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, had already led the Qing army and waited here for a long time. Before the formation of the two armies, Hauge, commander of the Qing army, under the guidance of Liu Jinzhong, asked a special Manchurian archer to secretly shoot an arrow at Zhang Xianzhong. This arrow, if blessed by gods, hit Zhang Xianzhong's heart impartially. After being hit by the arrow, he didn't look like a hero. He fell to the ground like a mortal, screaming in pain, struggling to death. A person who does not respect the lives of others has finally finished his colorful, ups and downs, and sinful special life! He is a revolutionary hero, but even more of a brutal butcher! Zhang Xianzhong died, but the disaster in Sichuan did not end with it. The poisonous seeds he sowed are sprouting, taking root, growing stronger, and bearing terrible consequences. One of the "bad consequences": the spread of famine Because the Onishi government adheres to the ruling philosophy of "no production", in the past two years, Sichuan's agricultural production has "turned from prosperity to obsolescence", most of the cultivated land has been abandoned, grain production has dropped sharply continuously, and the accumulated grain Most are compulsory.Therefore, after Zhang Xianzhong was killed and his troops left Sichuan, there was a large-scale famine in Sichuan immediately. When the remaining food, livestock, etc. are eaten up, "cannibalism" will inevitably happen. Not only civilians eat civilians, but soldiers also eat soldiers. "Population" has become "human food" here. "Bad Fruit" Part 2: The Rise of "Shaking Yellow" Zhang Xianzhong's entry into Sichuan brought the "Yanhuang Thirteen Family", which had been dying by the Ming army, back to life again, and gained a "second life". During the rule of the Onishi regime, the "mob" who couldn't bear its brutal rule, and the Sichuan army who escaped from the collective massacre, went to the "Yellow Thirteen Houses" to join the gang, making this impure "underworld organization" into a gangster. more complex. There is no revolutionary goal, no concept of salvation, and no long-term plan. What this organization pursues is only its own momentary fulfillment and happiness. Therefore, their looting and killing of surviving civilians is not the worst compared to the Great Western Army, only worse... "Bad Consequence" No. 3: The Plague Epidemic If there is no strong organization and relief from the government, "after the great disaster, there will be a great epidemic", it will become a pair of devils who will come to the world one after another. Big head plague, horse eye plague, and horseshoe plague, these three major plagues, wandered back and forth across the land of Sichuan, and claimed the lives of batch after batch of war survivors. "Evil result" No. 4: Tigers become a disaster In 2007, the "South China Tiger Photo" incident caused an uproar across the country, and what was reflected behind it was also the helpless sigh of modern people for the extinct South China Tiger in the wild. But in this article, the South China Tiger is the "protagonist" who "raises his eyebrows". When humans were killing each other, the number of tigers that originally hid in deep mountains and old forests has increased by leaps and bounds, and they often appear in small groups in urban and rural areas.Climbing upstairs and upstairs, wandering the streets, eating people when hungry, and falling asleep when full, the human beings who are the "spirit of all things" are so scared that they are powerless and run away when they see a tiger! But these four "evil consequences" are not the whole of the disaster in Sichuan. If you were a Sichuanese 400 years ago, even if you managed to escape from these four "evil consequences", don't be too lucky too early.Because in the years to come, you may not have a hard time surviving. Because, in the following 15 years, Sichuan, as a battlefield repeatedly contested by the Ming and Qing Dynasties, became a training base for both sides to improve the combat effectiveness of soldiers, a test site for "high-tech weapons", and a supply of free materials at any time. center. In this long war, no matter which side of the Ming and Qing came, they could "justifiably" and according to their own purposes, treat the increasingly scarce Sichuanese as soldiers, servants, spies, captives, and "food for human beings." use. The last bit of population in Sichuan is also decreasing one by one. In the wars between the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Sichuan was the province that "participated" late but was "injured" the most. In 1644, there were about 4 million people in Sichuan. By 1685 after the war, there were only 90,000 people left. Chengdu, the capital of the province, got its name as early as 2,500 years ago because of "a gathering in one year, a city in two years, and Chengdu in three years".But at this time, after thousands of years of its prosperity, there are only about 20 households with a hundred people left. After the war, the Qing government, which became the stable ruler of the country, moved a large number of people from Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong and other provinces with large populations to "open up wasteland and cultivate land" in Sichuan. Therefore, in the history of our country, a new special vocabulary - "Huguang filling Sichuan" was born. After these five cold words, how many innocent lives, helpless souls, and silent appeals were "filled" in... Today I would like to ask, can the source of the catastrophe in Sichuan be attributed to Zhang Xianzhong alone? The answer is naturally no. If it weren't for the war of the whole people in the late Ming Dynasty, Zhang Xianzhong would just be an honest and capable farmer, working at sunrise and resting at sunset; .It was this war that involved him in a daze, and finally forged him into a full-fledged murderous maniac. Moreover, it is totally unscientific to congregate the honor or misery of the whole nation on one person for praise or condemnation. In the final analysis, the war in the late Ming Dynasty stemmed from the endless and unsatisfied greed of our people (Han, Manchu, etc.). Greed is like an evil spirit locked in the hearts of the people. The lack of system unlocks him, and the omission of belief loosens him. When he writhes out, the torment will harm the world. The rich need to pursue more wealth, strong nations need to squeeze the living space of weak nations, slave owners need to occupy more slaves, social income inequality and national development imbalances lead to peasant uprising wars and national conquest wars. The raging land of China erupted at the same time. In the life-and-death war, the loss of conscience, psychological distortion, collective perversion, famine, and disease were induced. Without the external force of natural disasters, the "internal strength" of the tribe almost destroyed itself. This is not only a tragedy in Sichuan in the late Ming Dynasty, but also a nightmare that China has been unable to shake off for more than two thousand years. Can human diseases be cured? If the death of Li Zicheng marked the decline of the Dashun cause, then the death of Zhang Xianzhong meant the revival of the Daxi cause. Before Zhang Xianzhong was alive, he held the gun extremely tightly. Apart from the troops directly under his own control, the main armed forces of Daxi Kingdom were mainly in the hands of the four adopted sons. The four adopted sons are: the eldest Pingdong general Sun Kewang, the second Anxi general Li Dingguo, the third Funan general Liu Wenxiu, and the fourth Dingbei general Ainengqi. At this time, the main generals of the Great Western Army, which had already been routed, focused their expectant eyes on the boss Sun Kewang. This is not only because he is the "eldest son" of Zhang Xianzhong, he has a high status in the Daxi Army and is full of prestige, but also because he has studied in private schools for several years, and his education level stands out among the Daxi Army, which is full of illiterates and semi-literate. Huangguoshu Waterfall, one of my country's top ten scenic spots, still has his inscriptions, which are vigorous and powerful, and the content is majestic, which shows his rich cultural heritage. In the public vote of the generals, at the age of 28, he was elected by everyone as the new leader of the country and the army, opening up the hope of a new era in Daxi Dynasty. Sun Kewang, who was suddenly promoted to the head of "No. 1", did not feel a little joy. On the contrary, he seemed worried and restless. Because, the most urgent task he is facing now is how to bring this army, which has already been distracted, out of this dangerous place where there is the Ming army in the front, the Qing army in the back, the Yangtze River on the left, and the high mountains on the right. After comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the strong and the weak, Sun Kewang decided to avoid the real and attack the weak, cross the Yangtze River, first take Chongqing, and then enter Guizhou for development. In January 1647, under the leadership of the four Sun Kewang brothers, the regrouped Daxi Army crossed the Yangtze River and defeated Zeng Ying's army in Chongqing, causing Zeng Ying to fall into the water and die during the retreat. The Daxi Army, which successfully entered Chongqing, turned to the Qijiang area after a short stay. Here, they settled down, and while taking in the remnants, they carried out a far-reaching "army whole movement". Because I have seen the sad and helpless eyes of countless common people, and because I have heard enough sighs of sadness and disappointment from many common people, as the four "sons of peasants", Sun Li and Liu Ai have been indifferent to his adoptive father Zhang Xianzhong time and time again. Killing, feeling heartfelt pain and dissatisfaction. They agreed that it was time to change course and change the course. They jointly solemnly declared to the whole army: from now on, wherever they go, they will love the people and commit no crimes. Except for performing combat missions on the battlefield, they are not allowed to commit suicide without authorization, and those who violate military laws will do so! For this reason, they took decisive measures to arrest and execute Empress Daxi and Prime Minister Wang Zhaoling who still insisted on "according to the established policy" and following the line of Zhang Xianzhong's massacre. At this time, Sun Kewang changed his name from "Kewang" to "Kewang". Perhaps, in his heart, "Wang" only expresses his dream of making a family and getting rich, and "Wang" can entrust his ideal of helping the world and leaving his name in history! After the "Army Reorganization Movement", the Daxi Army, which had initially acquired iron military discipline and political ideals, marched towards Zunyi (which was now part of the Sichuan border) with a completely new military appearance. Along the way, the Great Western Army strictly enforced the mass line, never trespassed on people's houses, trampled on people's crops, and didn't take people's needles and threads. They bought and sold them for the public. Wherever they passed, the people were safe and blocked, and the image of the whole army was greatly improved! But at this time, the Qing army was forced to return to Baoning (now Langzhong) in Sichuan due to the long battle line and the difficulty in supplying food and soldiers. The Daxi Army finally gained a stable development period. Around the beginning of February 1647, the Great Western Army successfully occupied Guiyang, the capital of Guizhou Province. On February 12, the Great Western Army captured Dingfan Prefecture and killed the Nanming officials such as Zeng Yi, the chief envoy of Guizhou who had fled here, causing the entire province of Guizhou to fall into a state of anarchy. The state of anarchy is an excellent state for Sun Kewang's Daxi business. The four of them quickly attacked the city and plundered the land, keeping every inch and every inch. , Established a small "pocket country". But Guizhou is too poor, with eight mountains, one water and one field, which is indeed the most vivid description of this place. With the return of a large number of Western troops, Sun Kewang's subordinates have successively gathered hundreds of thousands of soldiers and their families. Therefore, in this small area, food and clothing has become the biggest luxury of Daxi Dynasty. Just when Sun Kewang was thinking hard about where the Daxi Army would go next, God sent a "Master" who had been away for many years to the army and pointed out the direction for him to advance next. This "grandfather" is a member of an ethnic minority, the chieftain of Shiping, Yunnan Province, Long Zaitian. As early as during the "Jifu" period in Gucheng, Zhang Xianzhong had a similar loyalty with this dragon chieftain, and they fought fiercely, and obtained a large number of horses and weapons from him.Later, in order to express his gratitude, he simply worshiped him as his godfather. Naturally, according to seniority, Sun Kewang and Li Dingguo naturally respect Chieftain Long as the "Governor". In the tireless "compulsory education" taught by this elder, Sun Kewang learned that Yunnan, the hometown of "Grandfather", is a magical land with spring-like seasons, criss-cross rivers, a large population, extensive copper mines, and rich products. After Zhang Xianzhong turned his back on the water again, Tusi Long Zaitian was also implicated, and was charged with "communication with a thief" and transferred back to his hometown, facing the wall and thinking about his mistakes. "When we meet again after a long absence, hold a cup to persuade each other and don't stop each other. The time has been remembered on the forehead, and thousands of words are too much to talk about." At the banquet welcoming Lord Long, everyone was in awe when they thought of the years of changing things and wandering around. Long sigh, full of emotion! After a "review of the true feelings", Lord Long revealed the purpose of his trip and invited the Great Western Army to fight the rebellion in his hometown of Yunnan! Then, he gave a special lecture on "Current Political and Military Situation in Yunnan" for everyone free of charge. As a frontier province that was finally incorporated into the territory of the Ming Dynasty, the wise Zhu Yuanzhang adapted to local conditions and adopted an administrative model of "one country, two systems, integration of local and rural areas, and a high degree of autonomy" for Yunnan. He granted his adopted son Mu Ying the Marquis of Xiping, allowed him to guard Yunnan for generations, and gave him more special powers than those in the mainland in terms of politics, economy, and military affairs. After Muying's death, his son was granted the title of Anguo Gong. In the next two hundred years, although the emperors of the Ming Dynasty adopted the policy of weakening, separating, and withdrawing the "kings with the same surname" in the Mainland, they did not treat the "kings with different surnames" in Yunnan. An Guogong, but his relationship has always been eternal, and his friendship will last forever. In terms of the specific management system, the Ming Dynasty set up governors, commanding envoys, chief ministers, and inspectors in Yunnan to exercise power on behalf of the central government, and recognized chieftains in various places equivalent to the inland state capitals. Existing status, and allow it to be hereditary, build an army independently, and collect taxes by itself. With the interests of all parties satisfied, Yunnan maintained a delicate balance until the central government of Ming Dynasty Beijing was overthrown. In September 1645, Wu Bikui, chieftain of Wuding, who had long been dissatisfied with the current Anguo Gong Mu Tianbo's salt tax policy, issued a rebellious declaration "There is no Emperor Zhu, so why is there Mu Guogong?" Government rebellion. Because Mu Tianbo's main army had already been transferred to the border of Yunnan and Sichuan to guard against the Daxi Army, the Wubikui rebels, who were prepared and turned against them, took advantage of the situation and captured Dayao, Dingyuan, and Yao'an successively. , the whole Yunnan shook. Seeing that the foreign aggression had not yet arrived, Mu Tianbo, who started a family as a thief and scratched his head, had no choice but to use the prestige and kindness accumulated in the hands of his family over the years to mobilize Shiping chieftain Long Zaitian, Mengzi chieftain Sha Dingzhou, and Ningzhou chieftain Luyong. He ordered the ethnic minority army under him to come to help counter the rebellion. With more people and more strength, and more soldiers, gang fights are easier. With the absolute superiority in numbers, Wu Bikui's rebellion was quelled in one fell swoop that month. Mu Tianbo was extremely happy after successfully suppressing the rebellion.In order to express my gratitude, I specially held banquets at the Anguo Mansion in Kunming many times to reward these "hard-working and high-achieving" chieftains. But the head is separated from the belly, and it is difficult to know what to do. His good intentions have not been exchanged for the sincere return of all the chieftains. When he entered and exited the Anguo government many times, the wealth of the Mu family surpassed the enemy's wealth, which aroused the covetousness of one of the chieftains. And eventually sparked another, bigger rebellion! This chieftain who "sees money" is Mengzi Chieftain Sha Dingzhou, a young man with ideals and means, a young man who will do anything to achieve his goals. From the day he inherited the position of his father Sha Yuan and became chieftain of Wang Nong, this arrogant young man had a great dream of becoming chieftain of all Yunnan. To achieve this goal, the first decisive measure he took was to kill his wife! After killing his wife, he broke through the shackles of secular concepts with the political mind of loving the country more than the beauties, and married Wan Shi, the widow of Puming, the chieftain of Ami Prefecture, who was ten years older than him, and successfully married Wang Nong and Ami Prefecture. Two in one. Of course, he became the new chieftain of Mengzi as a matter of course, and his strength was far above other chieftains. When he came into contact with a richer life and more elegant enjoyment in Qianwang Mansion, his restless heart became more restless, and a sinful plan began to gradually brew and ferment in his heart. In order to implement this plan, when the rebellion subsided and the chieftains returned to their hometowns with their troops, Sha Dingzhou still led his troops to "stay" in Kunming for a long time for various reasons. Regarding the armed force under his nose, Mu Tianbo, who has no plans for the city, thinks that Sha Dingzhou is a generation of loyal and good people, and he has no second thoughts, so he neglects to guard against it and lets it go. But the facts have proved that in this world, the most reliable is the human heart, and the least reliable is the human heart. On December 1, 1645, Sha Dingzhou, who had been planning for a long time, finally took action. In the name of saying goodbye, he personally led his troops to attack the Duke of Qian. After succeeding, he divided his troops to occupy each city gate of Kunming and successfully controlled the whole city. Seeing that the general situation was over and the country changed hands, Mu Tianbo, under the protection of several "bodyguards", fled desperately carrying official seals, hereditary iron coupons and other items. Under the protection of Long Zaitian, Mu Tianbo temporarily ran to Chuxiong guarded by Yang Weizhi to settle down. But his mother Chen and his wife Jiao committed suicide by hanging themselves during the turmoil. Moreover, the huge property accumulated by his old Mu's family for more than two hundred years was instantly robbed by the bandit Sha Dingzhou. After committing the crime of robbery, Sha Dingzhou, who tried to murder further, sent troops to Chuxiong to arrest Mu Tianbo, but was beaten up by Yang Weizhi, who was still loyal to the Mu family, and returned in embarrassment. Sha Dingzhou, who had suffered a loss, was forced to stop attacking Chuxiong on the one hand, and on the one hand, he sent troops westward to expand his sphere of influence; A fake story of "Mu Tianbo rebelled without reason, and Sha Dingzhou successfully quelled the rebellion" was in vain attempt to get the ratification of the central government of Nanming and become the new ruler of Yunnan. However, when the situation was unclear, Emperor Longwu insisted on being cautious, and the order he issued to Yunnan was: 1. Mu Tianbo should be wiped out; 2. Mu Tianze should succeed him. Seeing Sha Dingzhou helping others pick peaches while he worked hard to carry the ladder, his hope turned into full of disappointment. Feeling infinitely annoyed, he instead came up with a bolder idea of ​​becoming king in Yunnan and breaking away from the central government of Ming Dynasty. In doing so, he thought he had a certain amount of capital, because looking around, except for Chuxiong, all the splendid mountains and rivers in Yunnan had been included in his name. In order to crack down on Sha Dingzhou's illegal act of "Yunnan Independence", Long Zaitian took on the heavy responsibility and came to the Daxi Army. With his special status, he persuaded this special army to enter Yunnan immediately to fight the rebellion for the country. For the benefit of the people. After finishing the situation report, Long Zaitian pointed out to Sun Kewang and others the benefits and feasibility of marching into Yunnan. One of the advantages is that Yunnan has a vast land and abundant resources. There is sufficient food, abundant copper mines, and widespread salt ponds, which are not only enough to feed more than 100,000 soldiers and their families in Daxi, but also provide inexhaustible power support for finances. The second advantage is that Yunnan has a large population, and there is no need to worry about the source of soldiers, especially the soldiers from ethnic minorities, who are brave, good at fighting and loyal to their duties. It is a good place to produce good men and good soldiers. The feasibility is that the people of Yunnan do not recognize the "pseudo-regime" of Shadingzhou. If someone takes the lead in raising their arms, they will definitely get a unanimous response from all ethnic groups in Yunnan. Encouraged by his presentation of facts and reasoning, the Daxi Army passed a formal resolution—send troops southward and take Yunnan directly. Before entering Yunnan, in order to reduce the resistance of marching, at the suggestion of Long Zaitian, Sun Kewang dispatched spies to sneak into Yunnan, using the prestige of Duke Qian, to spread false information that the Daxi Army entering Yunnan was the work of Mu Tianbo's wife, Jiao Shi. The family armed forces came here to avenge the Jiao family who had died.People from all walks of life in Yunnan, all places, please submit yourself at that time, and don't be loyal to the evil Shadingzhou. This trick was really effective, because Shadingzhou's rule in Yunnan was just a layer of oily flowers floating on the water. Now seeing the "Jiao's army" coming in mighty force, all the counties they passed opened their gates one after another, warmly welcoming the "relatives" into the city. On March 25, 1647, the Great Western Army occupied Pingyi and opened up the outpost into Yunnan. On the 28th, Jiaoshui was conquered, and on the 29th, they marched into Qujing and wiped out 500 defenders of Shadingzhou. In order to confuse Sha Dingzhou and take Kunming lightly with the least cost, the Daxi Army turned to move towards Sha Dingzhou's original Ami Prefecture, and captured more than 1,000 people on the way. Seeing that there was a loss in the old nest, Sha Dingzhou, who had no regard for his head, immediately abandoned Kunming and returned to the west with the whole army. After leading the enemy to the west, the Daxi Army suddenly returned to the division, and entered Kunming without bloodshed with lightning speed. In view of the fact that the "true face" of the Great Western Army has been seen through by the people of Yunnan, the Great Western Army temporarily stopped its offensive and shifted to the construction of local government and the work of appeasing the masses. Sun Kewang, who was promoted from a leader of the army to a leader of a province, adopted the policy of "stabilizing the old and accepting the new" in the construction of the regime. Officials at all levels from the original Ming Dynasty were retained to minimize the shock caused by regime change. When doing the work of appeasing the masses, Sun Kewang and other Daxi people have already sensitively realized an irrefutable reality. The people of Yunnan agree with the old regime of Ming Dynasty much more than the new regime of Daxi. Moreover, there is a strong desire among the people of all generations - "Brothers fight against the wall and defend against their insults". That is to say, from this moment on, the political philosophy of returning to the Ming court and unanimously resisting the Qing Dynasty has unknowingly sprouted in the Daxi Army. After the political work came to an end, the unification of Yunnan's military work was once again on Sun Kewang's agenda. He personally led the army and marched towards the Chuxiong area guarded by Yang Weizhi and Mu Tianbo. In Shizikou, Lufeng County, the Daxi Army defeated the Ming army led by Yang Weizhi in one fell swoop, and captured him alive. Because Yang Weizhi, who lives in Jincang as an official, is not only a fellow of Shaanxi from Sun Kewang, but also an outstanding representative of Yunnan officials and gentry circles, so he was immediately listed by Sun Kewang as a "key united front target". During the conversation, Yang Weizhi proposed the following conditions for his cooperation: 1. The current regime led by Sun Kewang should abolish the title of Daxi Kingdom; The latter two conditions made Sun Kewang suddenly feel "ashamed", and he once again experienced the bad influence of the Sichuan Massacre. He patiently assured the fellow that since the Great Western Army entered Guizhou, it had already changed its bad tradition of "burning, killing and robbing for prostitutes". Please rest assured that fellow Yang. As for the name of Daxi Kingdom, it can be replaced by "Xingchao" temporarily. If the cooperation with Nanming is successful in the future, it will be changed.Now, this dynasty can use the stems and branches to record the year. Seeing that Sun Kewang had taken the crucial step of "correcting the evil and returning to the righteous", Yang Weizhi thought for a moment and surrendered happily. Not long after his surrender, he volunteered as a liaison, on behalf of Sun Kewang, and held cooperation negotiations with Mu Tianbo on the condition of "helping the Ming Dynasty together and restoring the country". Mu Tianbo, whose family has been ruined and has few major generals, now mainly wants to use Sun Kewang to avenge his shame, so naturally he has no objection to the condition of "beautiful and easy to use". To show his sincerity, he also took the initiative to send his son to Sun Kewang as a "pledge". Thanks to the joining of this special person, Mu Tianbo, Sun Kewang's road to unify the whole Yunnan will suddenly become smooth. By October 1647, except for the two chieftains of Shadingzhou and Lushi (Lu Trillion and Lu Wanzhao), other regions in Yunnan had joined the "Xing Dynasty" mixed regime one by one. In the ensuing battle against Chieftain Lu, Ai Nengqi, the general of Dingbei, was unfortunately killed by a poisoned arrow! After successfully eliminating the chieftain of the Lu family, Li Dingguo led his army to launch the final battle against Shadingzhou. After two months of fighting, Ergelong, the last fortress in Shadingzhou, was breached. He and his wife Wan Shi, who was ten years older than him, were both escorted back to Kunming and executed. Yunnan, after yet another sudden war, once again restored peace and order. Standing on this piece of land where the gunpowder smoke has cleared, although Sun Kewang has a trace of heroic spirit of "pointing the country and encouraging words", but more, he is "like walking on thin ice". He is very clear that what needs to be done most now is how to sow the seeds of hope in this hopeful land!