Chapter 3 Chapter 2 The Battle of Shanhaiguan

General Tang Tong, who had just arrived in Shanhaiguan for a few days, was looking at the inside and outside of the Great Wall from Shanhaiguan, and sighed how beautiful the mountains and rivers are!But he didn't expect that Wu Sangui, who had already gone to "meet the new master", would come back depressed. The two armies were fighting, and the panicked Tang Tongjun was the opponent of Guan Ning's cavalry, the "first elite of Ming Dynasty". After a few hours, Tang Tongjun was beaten and fled by the Guan Ning army who shared the same hatred. However, Tang Tong did not dare to flee far away, but stationed at a rock near Shanhaiguan, and dispatched people to report the news of Wu Sangui's "rebellion" to Li Zicheng, the top leader of Dashun as soon as possible.

At this time, Li Zicheng, who was preparing to "ascend to the throne" in Beijing, lived a double life of "pain! and happiness" every day! The "pain" is because after so many days in Beijing, he found that he was caught in a huge "net". When the opportunity to realize his dream of helping the world and saving the people for many years suddenly came overnight, he found that he seemed to be unable to do what he wanted.Although there are not many memorials every day, he has not read a few, but he has already fallen asleep. "The world in the political circle is very exciting, but the world in the political circle is very helpless." Every day, he feels that he seems to come and go in a hurry ; It seems to be full all day long, doing nothing.

"Happy," he discovered: In Zijin City, the emperor's life is really happy. "The world is one's own private property, and the bone marrow of the world is stripped away, and the children of the world are separated, so as to serve their own lust." This is a true portrayal of the emperor's life.As a self who walked out of the pile of bloody dead people, isn't it for living such a happy life today? He often comforts himself like this, although he is not self-supporting, he only uses the vulgar taste of "changing new clothes every day and listening to ditties every day" to numb his boiling nerves.

But at this moment, Wu Sangui, who was ignorant of current affairs, turned down first and then turned against him. Asking himself, Li Zicheng thought: "Why should I feel sorry for him? Fenghou, rewarding money, letting his father write letters, everything is done, and both kindness and power are used. Why Wu Sangui?" Risking your life and your life to make things difficult for yourself? This is really a problem!" If you don't investigate, you have no right to speak. Li Zicheng decided to go out of the palace to find Liu Zongmin to investigate and study. Li Zicheng, who had not been out of the palace for a long time, found on the street that "this Beijing is no longer that Beijing". Thousands of Li people lost thousands of households, Xiao Shu ghost singing ", the shops on the street were closed, and the people were sparsely populated, only Dashun soldiers in twos and threes were knocking on doors and windows, intimidating the people and robbing property. !

In front of the mansion of General Liu Zongmin and the director general, there were dozens of pillars for killing people, and some Ming officials who could not hand over the silver were being chopped up here, and the howls of misery went straight to the sky.When asked, the soldier replied: "Director Liu has been killing people for a long time, and now he can't sleep well without killing anyone." In Liu's residence, it looks like a "hell on earth".In the spacious courtyard, some of the dozens of Ming officials who had been pinched with sticks were wailing feebly; some didn't even have the strength to wail.Among these officials who are being served by sticks, there are not many high-ranking officials and nobles, and there are only poor and small officials such as Hanlin and Kechen.

When Li Zicheng saw Liu Zongmin, he asked angrily: "You have done too much! Can't you help me to be a good emperor?" Liu Zongmin responded with an eye for an eye, as if speaking to the second child of the "gangster" and the boss: "Aren't I helping you to be a good emperor? Don't let these guys spit out money. We have so many troops. What to eat? What to drink? I am not worried about civil uprisings, but military uprisings!" Although he is already wearing a yellow robe, Li Zicheng's rudeness to General Liu is now helpless! He turned to enlighten Liu earnestly: "The hearts of the people are the boats, the hearts of the soldiers are the oars, and the hearts of the officials are the rudders. If you want to win the world, all three are indispensable! Stop chasing stolen goods and helping pay!"

Under Li Zicheng's personal intervention, the vigorous "pursuing stolen goods and subsidizing payment" activities in the capital came to an unsatisfactory end, and Director Liu finally resigned with honor.But in the liberated area of ​​Dashun, this activity has been consistent with Dashun Dynasty, there is no way!How else can a government live without taxation? Next, Li Zicheng notified General Liu of Wu Sangui's "surrender and rebellion" and asked Liu for his opinion. Naturally, Liu couldn't mention his "glorious deeds", he could only admit that his leadership made mistakes, and in order to promote the work of recovering stolen goods, he not only arrested Wu Sangui's father, but also ransacked his home.

Li Zicheng suddenly understood the truth of "politics, politics, administration can be governed first", and the matter has come to this point, don't take any regret medicine, let's go "forward"! Three days later, in the early morning of April 13, 1644, Li Zicheng had a solution to the Shanhaiguan issue of "seven points in military affairs and three points in politics." The two brothers of Wu Sangui, Wu Xiang, the King of Ming and Jin, and a group of special figures came to Shanhaiguan in a mighty way, in order to solve Wu Sangui's "problem left over from history" once and for all.

When Wu Sangui defeated Tang Tong and returned to Shanhaiguan, he knew: "There is no turning back when he opened the bow. He and Li Zicheng have already torn their skins. The next result is either the fish dies or the net is broken." Wu once again counted his family fortune: military strength - 50,000, territory - Shanhaiguan area, food and grass - only enough for one month.The swollen head began to calm down. "To be or not to be", that is the question. "Knowledge changes destiny", Sangui, who has read the book and has knowledge, immediately found the answer.

During the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, Guo Ziyi, the general of the Tang Dynasty, borrowed soldiers from Huihe to quell the rebellion in the Tang Dynasty! Comrade Wu Sangui is determined to let history repeat itself today, that is - "borrow captives to quell the bandits", pretending to be Guo Ziyi, and go to today's Huihe - the Manchu Qing borrow troops to quell Li Zicheng's rebellion. In doing so, Comrade Sangui is quite confident. In his eyes, Manqing is just a bad neighbor who is so poor that he can't get rid of it. Some benefits can be sent home. "It is better to act than to be moved." Comrade Wu immediately wrote a "sincerely spoken" letter for help to Comrade Dorgon, the current faction in power in the Manchu Qing Dynasty.It said that my family had recruited thieves, and my parents were also forced to death. Please see that for the sake of grabbing food, you came to help my family drive away the thieves and avenge my parents.At that time, I will give you a long-term meal ticket (that is, land for remuneration) and inform Dorgun of the route.

Lieutenant Yang Kun and guerrilla Guo Yunlong became special liaison officers, and headed straight to Shenyang with letters in their arms.When he arrived at Wenghou (near Shenyang today), he was shocked. Dorgon seemed to have a tacit understanding with Wu Sangui, and he was leading the Manchu and Han troops, waiting here for a long time! General Yang Guo Er guessed wrong, Dorgon did not come to greet Dajia, but to snatch the victory of the revolution. As early as the beginning of this year, the Ordos Department, which had surrendered, came to the court to report that the Dashun Army had occupied Shaanxi. Dorgon, who had long been determined to destroy the Ming Dynasty, saw an opportunity, and immediately sent an envoy to Li Zicheng to ask for a shareholding cooperation to divide and destroy the Ming Dynasty. Li Zicheng, who was in the limelight, only planned to set up a "sole proprietorship company" and ignored Dorgon's wishful thinking. Dorgon, who had hit a wall, "never abandon, never give up" and continued to sit on the sidelines.In March, seeing Wu Sangui abandoning Ningyuan and entering the customs, it is speculated that a major change must have taken place in the Ming Dynasty.The time to attack the Ming Dynasty has come, and the opportunity cannot be missed, and the time will never come again. Dorgon, who was about to take a big gamble, immediately issued the "Report to the Army and Civilians of the Qing Dynasty" in the name of Emperor Shunye, demanding: 1. Qing subjects over ten years old and under seventy years old, soldiers of Manchurian, Mongolian and Han Eight Banners, please take up arms, choose a day to set off, and go to the Central Plains to establish a "kingly land"; 2. For this army expedition, we must strictly implement the "three non-military disciplines" (no massacre of people, no burning of huts, no looting of property), and win wider support from the people of Ming Dynasty; 3. The army will enter Beijing directly from Jizhou and Miyun. Dorgon has another ulterior purpose in this outburst, that is, he is now in an open battle with Huang Taiji's eldest son, Hauge, and this nephew, who is three years older than himself, relies on his comparison I have eaten dry food for several years, and challenged my authority openly and secretly. Now I can only "direct disasters to the south", turn internal conflicts into external conflicts, rely on war to tie the hearts of all the people to myself, and unite the majority of the people in the Qing Dynasty , Isolate a small group of reactionaries headed by Hauge. The smug Dorgon also believes that in the current Qing Dynasty, the national power is booming. Politically, North Korea surrendered, Mongolia was attached, the imperial examinations were held as scheduled, and the construction of political power at all levels is on the right track; The best level; the output of the "cottage version" of the red-clothed cannon in the military has doubled, and the military equipment has reached the world's first-class level... It is not an unattainable dream to take control of the Central Plains. Now, Dorgon, who was on the move, unexpectedly ran into Wu Sangui's special envoy and a request for help, but he was full of surprise, doubt, and joy.Those who are shocked, he did not expect such a big change in the Central Plains in such a short period of time; those who are suspicious, he has doubts about "borrowing captives to suppress the bandits", whether the cunning Wu Sangui is playing a huge conspiracy; those who are happy, If Sangui "borrows a teacher", then why don't I follow the plan and make my dream of becoming the master of the Central Plains come true. "If you don't take it, you will be blamed instead." After discussing with the two senior traitors, Fan Wencheng and Hong Chengchou, Dorgon decided to let the army change its marching route and head straight for Shanhaiguan. "It's indecent to come and not to go." On the way, he also sent a "lovely" reply letter to Comrade Sangui. Dear Comrade Sangui: "I am deeply touched by your letter. The history of violence between you and me will be gone forever with the appearance of our common enemy Li Zicheng. Now, the Qing Dynasty welcomes you! If you come back, we will become a happy family. We will return all the land you lost before, and we will give you the highest political treatment in the Qing Dynasty - the title of king; your subordinates and the people of Ningyuan will not only be able to Returning home, there will be another reward..." After receiving this hot reply from Dorgon, Comrade Sangui's heart was really chilled. "Who said that minorities are easy to fool, I want to use my teacher to help suppress them, but they are killing people with a knife!" But Comrade Sangui knew that he didn't have much capital, and the 200,000 Dashun troops were killing him non-stop. The top priority now is to stabilize Li Zicheng and hold Dorgon. Sangui immediately sent someone to see Li Zicheng, admitted his mistake, and asked to surrender again.When Li Zicheng saw that Wu Sangui was subdued, he felt relaxed, and started a "self-guided tour" along the way. After finishing one end, Comrade Sangui sent an envoy to ask Dorgon to send troops to help.Military representatives and civil friendly people were sent out batch after batch, but Dorgon, an old fox, "doesn't hang his strings when he doesn't see devils." Comrade Sangui didn't even expect a reinforcement! There is nothing wrong with it!Comrade Sangui had no choice but to go out in person, and ran to Huanxi Ridge to "worship the mountain" to Dorgon, asking him to help his brother. Seeing that the fire had come and Sangui finally turned into a duck waiting to be cooked, Dorgon took Wu's hand and said: "You avenged the old master, shaking the world and weeping ghosts and gods. Strictly observe military discipline, if anyone dares to snatch a grain of rice or touch a blade of grass, he will be executed by military law, you go and tell the soldiers and civilians in the pass, don’t panic, everyone will settle down.” Wu Sangui, who was so moved, hurriedly slaughtered horses and cattle with Dorgon, and made an oath to heaven, expressing that the contract was established, and asked heaven to supervise the implementation. (Both of them died later). When Yiyi bid farewell, the two "big devils" agreed: "To prevent manslaughter, the Ming army should wrap white cloth on their shoulders, and those who wear white cloth in battle will be the allies." The next day, 140,000 Qing soldiers entered Shanhaiguan, which they could only look up to for more than 30 years, without bloodshed. Li Zicheng, who walked slowly to Shanhaiguan, still had a "soft spot" for recruiting Wu Sangui, so he asked Wu Xiang to write a letter to persuade Sangui to "abandon the dark and turn to the bright". Comrade Sangui immediately wrote back and reprimanded the old father: "Since ancient times, I have heard that fathers teach their sons to be loyal, but I have never heard that they show their sons to be second... If a father cannot be a loyal minister, how can the son be a filial son!" Li Zicheng's lungs were going to explode with anger, "Wu Sangui, since you're a bastard eating weights, then don't say anything, just start fighting!" On April 22, the Shanhaiguan battle that determined the fate of both sides kicked off in the quiet dawn. Li Zicheng and Wu Sangui lined up in a row of stones, both sides led by cavalry.Li Zicheng's cavalry used the "three walls" tactic. During the continuous siege of cities and land, Li put the construction of cavalry in the first place. His cavalry, a soldier with three horses, was afraid of frostbite when it was cold. The horse's feet were tied to the horse's hoof with a bedding.In order to keep the wildness of the horses, sometimes they kill people and cut open the human belly, take out the internal organs, and use the human belly as a trough for feeding the horses. ".Against the enemy, there are three layers of horses, which are called "three walls". All the soldiers in the front retreat, and the soldiers in the back will be killed immediately!Therefore, all the soldiers died. Wu Sangui's Guanning Iron Cavalry is a team that grew up in the war.In the long-term battle of defending their home and country, this team organized by refugees was forced to fight with the savage "Eagle" of Manchuria, and also honed a team that made the Manchurians daunting. The team is coming.The great victory in Ningyuan, the defense of Beijing, and the counterinsurgency in Dengzhou all write the glory and pride of this team! When the sun rose, the two Han armies fought desperately together.The Ming army was a desperate mourning army, screaming and rushing to kill, and it was unstoppable.The two sides fought to the death, and the sky was dark.Under the shadow of swords, lights and swords, lives are passing away... The dizzy Li Zicheng didn't know that the Qing army had already entered the customs. Judging from the troops Wu Sangui dispatched today, the number was obviously not as good as his own.Therefore, he "is better than strolling in a courtyard", riding on a high hill with Prince Chongzhen, watching the battle leisurely. At noon, Li Zicheng keenly saw that his army had gained the upper hand, and the Ming army was somewhat outstretched and gradually losing ground.He thought proudly: "The red flag is blowing in the westerly wind, and today I have the long tassel in my hand, and I can restrain the Sangui demon dragon!" But then something weird happened suddenly!The plot is like this: "It was originally a clear sky, but suddenly the sky and the earth changed color, sand and stones flew, and evil winds blew up." Readers who have read "Those Things in the Ming Dynasty" seem very familiar with this passage.good!This description appeared twice in the Baigou and Jiahe battles between Zhu Di and the Southern Army. It seems that God always loves to roughly interfere in "China's internal affairs" at critical moments. The wind from God not only blew up, but it was blowing right at the Dashun army. Li Zicheng and his soldiers were facing the strong wind and sand, and couldn't open their eyes. At this moment, the Qing army roared and attacked against the strong wind, with thousands of horses galloping and flying arrows like locusts.It turned out that when the Ming army who had surrendered to Dashun first recognized that the "unidentified journey" with braids and strange costumes in the strong wind was the Qing army, they suddenly burst into tears and yelled: "The tartars are coming! The tartars are coming! "Turn the horse's head and run away. Having fought all morning, the Dashun Army, which had been exhausted for a long time, suddenly lost its lineup, Liu Zongmin was seriously injured in the battle, Li Zicheng saw that the defeat was doomed, so he had no choice but to make the whole army scream. The army was defeated like a mountain, and the Dashun army ran wildly and stomped on each other. The Ming army and the Qing army split up and joined forces, chasing and killing them all the way. Within twenty or thirty li, the corpses of tens of thousands of killed Dashun troops were quickly piled up. . Looking at the majestic Grand Pass and the corpses of the Dashun army everywhere, Dorgon immediately named Wu Sangui the "King of Pingxi" when he was happy. Wu Sangui, who had already lost more than half, sighed under the lure of the throne, shaved his head and surrendered to Qing with his subordinates, and embarked on the road of "building a traitor with Sangui characteristics"! Li Zicheng retreated to Yongping with only a few thousand remnants. After counting the troops, he found that Prince Ming and his two brothers had disappeared, but now he didn't care about so much.In order to vent his hatred, he ordered the killing of Sangui's father, Wu Xiang, and hung his head on a high pole to invite Comrade Sangui to "visit for free".Then take a short break, and hurriedly fled back to Beijing!