Chapter 26 awe · appellation

⊙Lv Bicheng, Shi Pingmei, Zhang Ailing, and Xiao Hong were called the "Four Talented Women of the Republic of China" by later generations. ⊙ Zhang Fakui's nickname "The Great King" has two sources.First, he used to be a bandit in his hometown, also known as "Bandit Zhang"; King". ⊙Huang Zunxian pursued the revolution in the poetry world all his life. As early as 20 years old, he put forward a brand-new idea such as "I write by hand, how can the ancients be restrained?" He opposed the ancient tendency of Qing poetry for hundreds of years and advocated that "the old style Contains new artistic conception", puts new wine in old bottles, and depicts reality.Under his promotion, the poetry world in the late Qing Dynasty was revitalized, and people at that time hailed it as "the history of poetry".

⊙Gu Zhenglun served as the commander of the Nanjing Garrison and the Gendarmerie of the Nationalist Government. He is known as the "Father of the Gendarmerie". ⊙In May 1921, Xue Yue, Ye Ting, and Zhang Fakui served as commanders of the first, second, and third battalions of the Sun Yat-sen Presidential Palace Guard Regiment, and were called the "Three Musketeers" of the Cantonese Army at the time. ⊙After Lu Bicheng became the chief writer of Ta Kung Pao, splendid articles appeared frequently.Her two elder sisters, Lv Huiru and Lv Meisun, were also famous for their poems at that time.Zhang Shizhao once said with emotion: "The three Lvs in Huainan are well-known in the world." "Ta Kung Pao" also specially edited and published "The Lu Sisters' Poetry Collection", and commented that they are "Morning Stars with Great Fruits".

⊙Sun Weishi is the goddaughter of Zhou Enlai, so she is called "Red Princess".She, Feng Fengming, Zhang Xingfang, and Guo Lanying are known as the "Four Beauties of Yan'an". ⊙"The Shady Story of Restoration" said: Zhang Xun "There are no less than a hundred people in the Restoration Party, the most important figures are Zhang Xun, Kang Youwei, Wan Shengshi, Liang Dingfen, Zhang Zhenfang, Lei Zhenchun, Liu Tingchen, Rong Naixuan, Xia Tonghe, Gu Hongming, Niu Chuanshan, Wang Naichen, Hu Siyuan and other thirteen people...Common comedians call Zhang and others the new Thirteen Taibao Yun."

⊙Duan Qirui has four capable generals under his command: Jin Yunpeng, Xu Shuzheng, Wu Guangxin, and Fu Liangzuo, known as the "Four King Kongs of Duanmen".Jin Yunpeng was the Prime Minister and Chief of the Army; Xu Shuzheng was the Northwest Frontier Envoy, Commander-in-Chief of the Northwest Frontier Army, and Chief of Staff of the Dingguo Army; Wu Guangxin, Duan Qirui's brother-in-law, was the Chief of the Army; Fu Liangzuo was the Deputy Minister of the Army , Hunan Governor. ⊙After Yuan Shikai became emperor, in order to win people's hearts, Xu Shichang, Zhao Erxun, Li Jingxi, and Zhang Jian were named "Four Friends of Songshan Mountain", and they were specially allowed to enjoy the following five preferential treatment: exempt from kneeling and proclaiming ministers; Transfer to Jianyu; when the emperor is in court, he will set up a low stool to give him a seat; each person will be given an annual fee of 20,000 yuan; he will be rewarded with special court clothes.

⊙During the "Second Revolution" in 1913, Jiangxi governor Li Liejun, Anhui governor Bai Wenwei, and Guangdong governor Hu Hanmin, who took the lead in announcing an armed crusade against Yuan Shikai, were collectively called the "Three Governors of the Party". ⊙In the Central Army of Chiang Kai-shek's direct line, there are eight generals who were former instructors of the Whampoa Military Academy, who won Chiang's trust and reuse, known as the "Eight King Kong".They are He Yingqin, Liu Zhi, Gu Zhutong, Zhang Zhizhong, Qian Dajun, Chen Cheng, Jiang Dingwen, and Chen Chengji. The "Eight King Kongs" are also the earliest group of army and division commanders in the Central Army.

⊙When Feng Yuxiang served as the Northwest Frontier Defense Supervisor, his subordinates were Zhang Zhijiang, the governor of Chahar, Li Mingzhong, the governor of Suiyuan, Song Zheyuan, the commander of the 11th Division, Lu Zhonglin, the commander of the First Division, and Liu Yufen, the commander of the Second Division, all of whom were No. A first-class figure, known as Feng Yuxiang's "Five Tiger Generals". ⊙Li Zongren, Huang Shaohong, and Bai Chongxi are the three giants of the Xingui family, known as "Li Huangbai", also known as the "Three Heroes of the Xingui family".The three are students of the fourth batch of Guangxi Army Primary School, and all served in the army of the old Guangxi warlord Lu Rongting.

⊙During the period of the Republic of China, Jiang Baili, the principal of Baoding Military Academy, and Yang Jie, the principal of Nanjing Army University, were both rare military theorists and educators, so they were called "Southern Yang and Northern Jiang".Jiang Baili's "National Defense Theory" and Yang Jie's "National Defense New Theory" complement each other, and can be called the "double jade" of the treasure house of modern Chinese military thought. ⊙Zhang Jingjiang, Cai Yuanpei, Wu Zhihui, and Li Shizeng are highly respected in the Kuomintang and are known as the "Four Veterans" of the Kuomintang.

⊙In the early years of the Republic of China, the commanders of the three naval fleets directly under the central government were all surnamed Chen: Chen Jiliang, Commander of the First Fleet, Chen Shaokuan, Commander of the Second Fleet, and Chen Xunyong, Commander of the Training Fleet, collectively known as the "Three Chens of the Navy".All three are from Minhou, Fujian Province, and have served in the Navy for many years.Among the three, Chen Shaokuan is the most famous. He was the only first-class admiral of the Kuomintang army in the mainland. ⊙The ballad of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom: "When Hong Yang arrives, the people laugh, the white-haired father-in-law sets off firecrackers, the three-year-old child helps the saddle, and the elder brother blows the horn." (Note: Hong Yang refers to Hong Xiuquan and Yang Xiuqing)

⊙Liu Zhi, Gu Zhutong, Jiang Dingwen, Chen Cheng, and Wei Lihuang were five people who were repeatedly used by Chiang Kai-shek because of their ability to fight well. They are known as the "Five Tiger Generals".All five later held high positions above the theater commander. ⊙Song Zheyuan, Shi Jingting, and Sun Liangcheng are the pillars of the Northwest Army that Feng Yuxiang has relied on for many years. They are called the "Three Heroes of the Northwest", and their status is not below the "Five Tiger Generals". ⊙Tang Enbo once proclaimed himself the "King of the Central Plains", and was called one of the four evils of "water, drought, locust, and soup" by the people of Henan.

⊙In 1932, Chiang Kai-shek ordered the establishment of the "Chinese National Rejuvenation Society" ("Blue Clothes Society"), and personally approved 13 officers as the backbone of the organization, known as the "Thirteen Taibao". 13 people have different opinions.One is about 13 people including He Zhonghan, Deng Wenyi, Kang Ze, Gui Yongqing, Liu Jianqun, Pan Youqiang, Zheng Jiemin, Ge Wuqi, Liang Ganqiao, Xiao Zanyu, Teng Jie, Du Xinru, Hu Zongnan; the other is about Liu Jianqun, He Zhonghan, Deng Wenyi, Kang Ze, Gui Yongqing, Feng Ti, Zheng Jiemin, Zeng Kuoqing, Liang Ganqiao, Xiao Zanyu, Teng Jie, Dai Li, Hu Zongnan and other 13 people.

⊙Yu Hanmou was nicknamed "big-headed dog (nine)" or "big-headed fish (yu)" by his elementary school classmate Liang Hancao (Gao Yaocao, director of propaganda of the Kuomintang) because he was ranked ninth and had a big head. ⊙When Feng Yuxiang was the commander of the 16th Mixed Brigade, there were 36 company commanders who called themselves "thirty-six brothers", while Sun Liangcheng, Han Fuju, Shi Yousan, Zhang Weixi, Zhang Zizhong, Liang Guanying, Liu Ruming, Feng Zhian, Ji Hongchang, The 13 battalion and regiment leaders, including Tong Linge, Sun Lianzhong, Sun Tongxuan, and Gao Shuxun, were known as the "Thirteen Taibao", and they were all the early backbones of the Northwest Army. ⊙ Xue Yue was nicknamed "Tiger Cub", formerly known as Xue Yangyue (admired Yue Fei, during the Anti-Japanese War, changed his name to Xue Yue, to show that he not only admired Yue Fei but also practiced it personally).During the Anti-Japanese War, he was well-known both at home and abroad for commanding the Battle of Changsha, and the Japanese army called him the "Chinese God of War" and "The Tiger of Changsha". ⊙The 13 most powerful generals under Yan Xishan: Yang Aiyuan, Sun Chu, Liang Peihuang, Yang Chengyuan, Fu Zuoyi, Wang Jingguo, Zhao Chengshou, Li Shengda, Li Fuying, Chu Xichun, Lu Yinglin, Dong Yingbin, Chen Changjie, known as Yan Xishan "Thirteen Taibao", all 13 of them graduated from the Baoding Military Academy. ⊙Since the early years of the Republic of China, Sichuan has been in a situation of separatist regimes and mergers between warlords and warlords for a long time. By the 1930s, a pattern of five tyrants gradually formed.These five warlords are called "gold, wood, water, fire, and earth" according to the radicals of their names. They are Deng Xihou (gold), Yang Sen (wood), Liu Xiang (water), Liu Wenhui (fire), and Wang Lingji (earth). . ⊙Chen Cheng, Hu Zongnan, and Tang Enbo were all Chiang Kai-shek's favorite generals. In the later period of the Anti-Japanese War, they held a large number of troops and had great power. The three-member army accounted for almost half of Chiang Kai-shek's direct troops, and they were Chiang's three trump cards.People at that time used the homonym of the traditional Chinese medicine "Bupleurum Decoction" to jokingly call the three people "Chenhu Decoction". ⊙Because of his short stature, Chen Cheng was scorned by other factions as "Chen Xiaogui". He started his career with the 11th Division and the 18th Army in his early years, so he was also called the "Civil Engineering Department". (Press: Eleven is earth, eighteen is wood) ⊙From the 1930s to the 1940s, the three brothers of the Gu family in Anshun, Guizhou were elected as members of the Central Committee and the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang at the same time, so they were called "the Gu family and the three central committee members".The eldest Gu Zhenglun was the Minister of Food, the second Gu Zhenggang was the Minister of Social Affairs, and the old Wugu Zhengding was the Minister of the Organization Department of the Central Committee, so there is a saying that there are "three ministers of the Gu family brothers". ⊙Zeng Guofan commented that Hu Linyi was "the most miserable person in the Hunan Army". ⊙When he was in Mengzi, Wen Yiduo had been devoting himself to the research of ancient cultural classics.Zheng Tianting recalled: "Mr. Wen and I are neighbors. Mr. Wen is very hardworking and doesn't go out except for class. We go for a walk after dinner, but Mr. Wen never goes. I advised him why not go downstairs. Everyone laughed. , so it became an allusion and nickname of Mr. Wen—"Why don't you go to the master of the building", just like the ancients did not peep into the garden." ⊙Guo Jiqiao, chief of staff of Wei Lihuang, Sheng Wen, chief of staff of Hu Zongnan, and Zhao Jiaxiang, chief of staff of Du Yuming, graduated from Baoding Military Academy, Huangpu Military Academy and Northeast Lecture Hall respectively. They are educated and good at strategy. Wei Lihuang , Hu Zongnan, and Du Yuming are important staff members of the military clique.These three people are collectively known as the "Three Chiefs of Staff" of Chiang Kai-shek's direct line of troops. ⊙Zhang Boling is the pioneer of modern sports in China, known as "China's Coubertin". ⊙The three Shandong generals Li Xianzhou, Li Yannian, and Li Yutang in the first phase of Whampoa served as the commander-in-chief of the group army during the Anti-Japanese War. After the end of the Anti-Japanese War, they all led troops in Shandong.The three Lis in Shandong were under the command of Wang Yaowu, another Shandong general, the commander of the second appeasement zone, and the chairman of Shandong Province. Wang Yaowu was a third-year student in Huangpu, so there was a saying at that time that "three Lis are not as good as one king". ⊙Lv Bicheng's eldest sister, Lu Huiru, is the principal of Liangjiang Women's Normal School in Nanjing, her second sister, Lu Meisun, is the principal of Fengtian Women's Normal School, and her younger sister, Lu Kunxiu, is a teacher at Xiamen Women's Normal School and has become a famous poet and educator.So "Jingde's family of four talented women" became a good talk for a while. (Note: The Lu sisters are from Jingde, Anhui) ⊙The "Six Gentlemen" of the Chou'an Association who promoted Yuan Shikai's restoration of the imperial system: Yang Du, Sun Yuyun, Yan Fu, Liu Shipei, Li Xiehe, and Hu Ying.Together with Zhu Qiqian, Duan Zhigui, Zhou Ziqi, Liang Shiyi, Zhang Zhenfang, Lei Zhenchun, and Yuan Naikuan, who are known as the "Seven Ominous", they are collectively known as Yuan Shikai's "Thirteen Taibao". ⊙Wu Mi, together with Chen Yinke and Tang Yongtong, was known as the "Three Heroes of Harvard" when he was studying in the United States. ⊙Chen Quan, Lei Haizong, Lin Tongji and others founded the semimonthly "Warring States Policy" in Kunming in April 1940.And invited a group of liberal intellectuals as special writers for the publication, such as Zhu Guangqian, Feng Youlan, Tao Yunkui, Shen Congwen, Fei Xiaotong, etc.Its original intention was to devote itself to the cultural reconstruction during the wartime, "holding the tenet of neither red nor white, neither left nor right, national supremacy, and state supremacy", so it was called "Warring States Policy School". ⊙Before the Revolution of 1911, some people called Sun Yat-sen "Sun Dapao" and ridiculed his exaggerated words. ⊙Chen Cheng, Hu Zongnan, and Dai Li, Chiang Kai-shek's Zhejiang fellows, were deeply trusted and reused by Chiang Kai-shek, and they were called the "Three Tripods" under Chiang Kai-shek's family. ⊙Sai Jinhua is called "Second Master Sai" because she is sworn sworn brother with Lu Yufang, a famous Confucian in the capital and a wealthy businessman, and she is the second child. In addition, she often wears men's clothing, braids her hair, and wears leather boots. ⊙Liu Baichuan is good at legwork. His kicks are as fast as a hurricane and as fierce as lightning. He can easily break a tree trunk as thick as a bowl. When fighting with others, he often knocks them down in an instant. Therefore, he is known as "the first kick in the south of the Yangtze River". . ⊙Mei Yiqi said: "Government is not about talking too much, but doing what you do is as good as your ears." Therefore, people at that time called him a "gentleman of few words". ⊙In 1904, Tan Yankai participated in the last imperial examination in the late Qing Dynasty, and won the first place in the tribute, that is, Huiyuan, which filled the gap that Hunan had no Huiyuan for more than two hundred years in the Qing Dynasty.Then Tan took part in the palace examination, ranked second and thirty-fifth, and was awarded a Jinshi background.Tan Yankai, Chen Sanli and Tan Sitong were collectively called the "Three Princes of Huxiang" by contemporaries. ⊙Zhang Zizhong often said a mantra to officers and soldiers who violated military discipline: "Look, I can't peel your skin!" So the officers and soldiers nicknamed him "Zhang Papi".There is a jingle that says: "Shi Yousan's whip, Han Fuju's rope, Liang Guanying's shoulder pole races like a dragon, Zhang Zizhong's skinning is so ruthless!" ⊙In the early, middle, and late period of the Republic of China, there were three groups of outstanding artists known as the "Eight Great Monsters" in Tianqiao: the early stage was represented by Zhu Shaowen, who was poor and not afraid of Zhu Shaowen, and the jealousy Gao who specialized in folk songs from various places; Huagouxiong is the representative; in the later stage, Xiaoyun Lifei, Jiao Dehai and Saihuo Donkey are the representatives. ⊙After Song Jiaoren was assassinated, Sun Yat-sen called Song Jiaoren the first person to "bleed for the constitutional government". ⊙Zhang Jingjiang was one of the four tycoons of the Jiangsu-Zhejiang consortium in the early 20th century, and one of the "four veterans" of the Kuomintang.Sun Yat-sen called him "Second Brother" and called him "the most amazing man in China", Chiang Kai-shek said he was a "revolutionary mentor", Chen Guofu said he was "the party-state's first person in financial management", and Mao Zedong said he "has an economic vision". ⊙Li Yuanhong had a benevolent heart and a benevolent face, and was called "Li Bodhisattva" at that time.He served twice as president and three times as vice president. ⊙Most of the female soldiers in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom were Hakka women. Because they did not bind their feet, their bravery in battle was no less than that of men.Zeng Guofan, who once suppressed the Taiping Rebellion, had tasted the suffering of Hakka women, and even bitterly called these Hakka women "big-footed barbarians". ⊙Chen Yihong, Lu Yanqiu, Cao Junpei, and Wang Xichun, the famous prostitutes of the Republic of China, were also known as the "Four Little Famous Prostitutes of Qinhuai". ⊙Yu Youren is good at writing Wei monuments and running cursive, known as "contemporary cursive sage", "modern calligraphy sage", and "one of the three milestones in the history of Chinese calligraphy". (Note: The other two are Wang Xizhi and Yan Zhenqing) ⊙Chen Duxiu signed and issued central documents, often signed with "TS Chen".Comrades in the party are often referred to as "Old Mister" or "Old Man" when they talk, or they are simply referred to as "old" in party documents. ⊙After Sun Yat-sen's death, Wang Jingwei, Hu Hanmin, and Liao Zhongkai were called the "Big Three" of the Kuomintang. ⊙Li Hongzhang is called the "Oriental Bismarck" by Westerners. ⊙Zhang Taiyan once nicknamed several of his disciples: Huang Kan is the king of heaven, Wang Dong is the king of the east, Zhu Xizu is the king of the west, Qian Xuantong is the king of the south, and Wu Chengshi is the king of the north.The world also called Huang Kan and Wang Dong the "two wonderful chapters". ⊙Because the American missionary Martin was very familiar with Chinese culture, Prince Gong Yixin specially helped him to call him "Guanxi", which means "the best in the West". Therefore, Martin was also called "Ding Guanxi". ⊙Liu Xiang was brave in battle, nicknamed "Liu Mangzi".And because it occupied Chongqing, Baxian, Bishan and other places back then, people gave it the nickname "Ba Gecko". ⊙In 1946, when the national government established the constitution, Wu Zhihui served as the chairman of the constitution-making representative, so he has the reputation of "constitution-making boss". ⊙General Zhao Dengyu is 1.9 meters tall and extremely brave. Feng Yuxiang said in "Public Sacrifice Zhengwen Qi" that he "has a large torso, bears physical strength, and excels in martial arts."The Broadsword Squadron of the 29th Army led by him was invincible and made the Japanese suffer a lot.He also killed a fierce tiger alone, and was known as "Wu Song of the Republic of China". ⊙Bai Chongxi is courageous and resourceful, known as "Little Zhuge".The military strategist Yang Jie said that he was one of the three and a half military strategists in the Kuomintang, and the Japanese called him the "God of War". ⊙In the 1940s, in the eyes of many foreigners, Dai Li was "not the Chinese general Canarius, but Heinrich Himmler". ⊙ Tang Shengzhi was fascinated by Buddhism, so he was called "Tang Monk".Li Jishen also believed in Buddhism, nicknamed "Monk Li". ⊙When Yuan Shikai was governor of Shandong, he invited a German military officer to watch the exercises.The German officer pointed at Wang Shizhen, Duan Qirui, and Feng Guozhang with a horsewhip and said: "The three generals under your command are all outstanding talents." So these three men became known as the "Three Heroes of Beiyang".Later, the army further visualized them, calling Wang Shizhen "Wang Long", Duan Qirui "Duan Hu", and Feng Guozhang "Feng Dog". ⊙Bai Fengxiang, who once captured Lao Jiang in Huaqing Pool, was born in the green forest of Rehe. He was addicted to morphine injections, so he was skinny and nicknamed Bai Sanyan (Smoke King). ⊙During the Battle of Shatuji in September 1947, the 57th Division reorganized by the Kuomintang was completely wiped out by the People's Liberation Army. The regiment leader Ye Jun secretly called Duan Linmao, the commander of the division, "destroyed". ⊙At the Japanese Army Non-commissioned Officer Academy, Jiang Baili, Cai E, and Zhang Xiaozhun were known as China's "Three Outstanding Non-commissioned Officers" because of their outstanding academic performance. ⊙ On November 13, 1948, Chen Bulei, a "literate man", committed suicide at the age of 59.In his suicide note to Chiang Kai-shek, he said: "Scholars are useless, and they are responsible for the country and the public." Jiang praised him as "a perfect man of the age". ⊙Prince Gong Yixin supported Westernization, was familiar with Westernization, and often dealt with foreigners. He was called "Ghost Six" or "Ding Guinu". (Press: Yixin ranks sixth) ⊙Sun Wu, Zhang Zhenwu, and Jiang Yiwu were all the planners and leaders of the Wuchang Shouyi Uprising, and later all served in important positions in the Hubei military government, so they were called "Shouyi Sanwu" at the time. ⊙The younger generations of the Sun family regarded Sun Yat-sen's three wives as grandmothers.According to Sun Bida, a descendant of Sun Yat-sen, the Sun family nicknamed Chen Cuifen "Nanyang Po", Lu Muzhen "Macao Po", and Soong Ching Ling "Shanghai Po".There are also younger generations of the Sun family who call Lu Muzhen "mother-in-law", Chen Cuifen "second wife", and Soong Ching-ling grandma (grandmother). ⊙Zhou Yichun was known for his strictness in Tsinghua University.He once promoted the famous "compulsive exercise": every day from 4 pm to 5 pm is the exercise time. During that hour, the library, classrooms, and dormitories are all locked, and students must go to the outdoor playground or gymnasium to exercise.He is therefore regarded as the pioneer of Tsinghua's sports tradition. ⊙In the Southern Jiangsu ballad, Li Xiucheng, the loyal king of the Taiping Army, was compared to his "parents": "The vines climbed on the high wall, and the peasants depended on King Li Zhong. The landlords were frightened, and the people found their parents." .”