Chapter 10 There are as many warlords in Sichuan: Liu's family has a half-day mansion
It’s hard to say how many Sichuan warlords were in the Republic of China, but that’s for sure the number of warlords in Sichuan was the highest in the country. The government-approved “Officer Department”, “Intensive Department”, “Baoding Department” and “Army Department” are dazzling enough, but Liu Wenhui, Uncle Liu Xiang and his nephew are the most important of them.
"Baoding Department" means that they had studied in Baoding Military Academy. Deng Xihou, Tian Songyao, and Liu Bin were both Liu Cunhou's subordinates and classmates of Baoding Military Academy. They had related interests and formed the Baoding Department.Liu Wenhui is also a Baoding student. He rose in the war to expel Yang (Sen) and became the most powerful branch in Baoding.
"Officer Department" refers to the faction of soldiers who graduated from the Sichuan Military Academy, headed by Li Jiayu and Luo Zezhou. Li is called "King of Suining" and Luo is called "King of Shunqing".
"Intensive Department" refers to the military faction that came from the Sichuan Army's Accelerated School. Represented by Liu Xiang, it is the most powerful branch in the Sichuan Army, including Yang Sen, Pan Wenhua, Wang Zuanxu, Zhong Tidao, Xu Xiaogang, Wang Lingji, etc.
"Wu Bei Department" refers to the graduates of the crash course of Sichuan Wu Bei Academy, headed by Yin Changheng (the governor of Sichuan after the Revolution of 1911) and Hu Jingyi in the early stage, and represented by Liu Cunhou and Zhou Daogang in the later stage.
Nickname: Duobao Taoist (referring to his supernatural powers)
Birthplace: Dayi, Sichuan
Birth and death years: January 10, 1895 ~ June 24, 1976
Graduate school: Baoding Military Academy
Status: King of the Southwest, in charge of Xikang Province for ten years
Family: The relationship with Liu Xiang is uncle and nephew. During the Republic of China, the Liu family produced 3 army commanders, 8 division commanders, 15 brigade commanders, 1 provincial chairman and 1 theater commander
Nicknames: Ba Gekko, Liu Mangzi (both refer to his bravery in battle)
Birthplace: Dayi, Sichuan
Birth and death years: July 1, 1888 ~ January 20, 1938
Identity: Sichuan Warlord
Part-time job: the first president of Chongqing University
Liu Cunhou (1882-1962), born in Jianzhou, Sichuan, was an important general of the Sichuan Army. He graduated from the Xichuan Armed Forces Academy and the Japanese Army Non-commissioned Officer Academy.
Yang Sen (1884～1977), born in Guang'an, Sichuan.Together with the crystal monkey Deng Xihou, Ba Gecko Liu Xiang, Duobao Daoist Liu Wenhui, and Wang Lingguan Wang Lingji, they are also known as the "Five Elements of the Sichuan Army", and once ruled Sichuan and Guizhou.
Fan Shaozeng (1894～1977): Born in Dazhu, Sichuan, nicknamed "Fan Ha'er", an important general of the Sichuan Army.
Deng Xihou (1889-1964), born in Yingshan, Sichuan, was an important general of the Sichuan Army.
Luo Zezhou (1888～1950), born in Pujiang, Sichuan.Graduated from the Sichuan Army Military Academy, he once occupied seven counties including Guang'an, Peng'an, and Yingshan, and was called "King Shunqing".
Li Jiayu (1892~1944), born in Pujiang, Sichuan, nicknamed Li Shorty, graduated from the Sichuan Army Officer Academy, one of the leaders of the Sichuan Army Officer Department, died in the Anti-Japanese War, and was the second group army commander to die in battle after Zhang Zizhong.
⊙Sichuan folklore, Liu Wenhui is called "Golden Dragon" because of his large defense area and rich money; "Crystal Monkey" is called "Water Dragon"; Tian Songyao is nicknamed "Winter Melon" because he is stupid and full of energy, so he is called "Menlong".Yang Sen was defenseless and crowded everywhere, calling him "Rolling Dragon". ⊙In the 1930s, photographer Sun Mingjing found during his investigation in Xikang Province that most of the local school buildings were spacious and bright, and the students were neatly dressed, but some county governments were dilapidated.Sun asked a county magistrate: "Why are the houses in the county government always inferior to the schools?" The county magistrate replied: "Chairman Liu (Wen Hui) said that if the houses in the county government are better than the schools, the county magistrate will execute the law on the spot!" ⊙Sun Yat-sen sent Fan Kongzhou, a member of the revolutionary party, to Chengdu to carry out revolutionary activities.Fan was assassinated at home and shot dozens of times all over his body.At that time, it was inferred that Liu Cunhou did it.So some revolutionaries made a couplet saying: Fan Kongzhou is full of holes; Liu Cun's thick face is still there. ⊙Sichuan warlords fought in a melee, Liu Cunhou and Zhong Tidao were forced to retreat into Hanzhong, and finally repelled the pursuers.Zhong Tidao bought thousands of white towels and wrote the words "promote peace" to reward the soldiers under his command. ⊙Liu Cunhou and Zhong Tidao merged in Hanzhong, Shaanxi.Liu arranged a Hongmen banquet, Zhong escaped during the banquet, and ran to the street. After being chased by Liu's soldiers, he hid in a restaurant.The restaurant clerk hid him under the oven for baking snacks to escape Liu Jun's search.When his subordinates came to carry him out from the stove, he was already half human, half ghost, with only one shoe on his foot, and he was in a mess. ⊙In 1905, Xiong Kewu joined the Tongmenghui.Sun Yat-sen said to him: "Congratulations, from today onwards, you are no longer from the Qing Dynasty!" He also taught him the contact code for meeting comrades: "Question: Where are you from? Answer: Han people. Question: What is it?" ? Answer: Chinese things. Question: What is it? Answer: World affairs." ⊙Xiong Kewu supported Liu Xiang's chief of staff and second division commander Chen Nengfang and other generals to leave Liu Xiang, and agreed to start an incident in Chongqing before New Year's Eve.However, on the eve of the incident, Liu monitored Chen.At a plenary meeting of officers and soldiers, Liu asked everyone: "Would you like to go with staff officer Chen Nengfang, raise your hands!" There was no movement below.He asked again, "Whoever wants to follow Liu Xiang, raise your hand!" Immediately, all the audience raised their hands.So Liu said to Chen, "Chief of Staff, none of them are willing to go with you! Then please rest." ⊙In March 1927, Liu Xiang received two telegrams at the same time. One was the resolution of the Wuhan Kuomintang Central Party-Government Joint Meeting, removing Chiang Kai-shek from the post of commander-in-chief of the Revolutionary Army; Disband the Wuhan Party-Government Joint Conference by telegram.After Liu Xiang saw it, he decided that Chiang Kai-shek could rely on him. Holding the telegram sent by Nanchang in his hand, he said loudly in public: "This is the real 'Nantu' (high-quality opium produced in Yunnan), which is enjoyable, enjoyable!" ⊙Fan Shaozeng, born in Lvlin, was once a member of Paoge.Because he has a naive look since he was a child, he is cute and cute, so he is called "Fan Ha'er".He is quite brave in battle on the battlefield, and he is even more proud in love, and he likes to take the woman he likes as his own.In just a few years, he had as many as forty aunts and wives.The famous swimming champion "Mermaid" Yang Xiuqiong was forced to be his eighteenth concubine at the age of 19. ⊙One time, under pressure, Liu Xiang resigned from various military and political powers, but privately mobilized the army to attack political opponents.At the officer-soldier meeting, Liu said: "The reason why I resigned is because you don't want to fight." He also said, "I will definitely pay your military salary on time. As long as you are willing to fight, I can reinstate my post." ⊙In the late 1920s, on the one hand, Liu Wenhui got close to Liu Xiang through his family blood, and on the other hand, connected with Deng Xihou and Tian Songyao through his classmate relationship.In just eight years, Liu's military strength has rapidly expanded from one regiment to more than 140 regiments, and he has become the chief warlord in charge of Sichuan. ⊙In the autumn of 1935, Chiang Kai-shek established the "Eshan Officer Training Corps" in Sichuan, with Liu Xiang as the deputy commander and Chen Cheng as the director of education.Chen once said in a speech: "Some people spent money to buy a few bad foreign planes, also known as the Air Force, and they dare not even send a letter." It was actually a satire on Liu Xiang.When it was Liu Xiang's turn to speak, Liu talked a lot about how to fight guerrillas, how to use the weak against the strong, and the special tactics of using soft against hard. The meaning in his words was aimed at Chen and the Central Army, expressing that he would use guerrilla tactics to fight against the Central Army. knock. ⊙Sichuan Erliu fought endlessly, and no one could swallow the other. In the summer of 1932, when Liu Wenhui went to Chongqing, he met Liu Hangchen, Liu Xiang's advisor, and asked Liu Hangchen, "How can Sichuan be unified?" ⊙In order to deal with Chiang Kai-shek's poaching and infiltration, Liu Xiang organized the "Wu De Li Jin Association" in his army.Officers who join the club are required to fill out an oath form.The general idea is: I swear to support the president (Liu Xiang) sincerely, be loyal to the group, obey orders, observe discipline, keep strict confidentiality, and work hard. Willing to be punished.Some filled in "willing to be shot", some filled in "willing to be beheaded", and some swore "willing to have his family destroyed and his children and grandchildren cut off" and so on. ⊙Liu Wenhui is very resourceful, has a lot of ideas, and is good at building relationships and engaging in multi-faceted diplomacy.Therefore, everyone called him "Taoist of Many Treasures". ⊙Liu Wenhui retreated to Xikang. Because of the large number of Tibetans in Kham, Liu Xin started Lamaism. He respected all the famous lamas and living Buddhas in Kham and asked his children to kowtow to them.Liu himself never leaves his rosary, and chanting scriptures every day is a must.As a result, the Tibetans in Kham did not make any troubles. It is said that Liu Wenhui's string of beads can support several masters. ⊙Liu Wenhui’s younger brother, Liu Wencai, has 8,000 mu of land, but used 3,000 mu of land to set up a Wencai Middle School. All income from the 1,000 mu of land was used as education funds, teachers’ salaries, and student scholarships.He also paid all the ferry fees for the students, and the students only need the school badge. ⊙In order to strengthen the control of subordinates, Yang Sen proposed "systematization of the army, discipline of action, and revolutionization of thinking", and the implementation of "public chopsticks" in the army, that is, using public chopsticks for meals.One day, Yang Sen invited the physical education instructors of all military academies and above to have a meal, accompanied by Chief of Staff Xian Guangjun.The host and guests sit around a round table. Everyone sees that there are only eight people, but there are sixteen pairs of chopsticks.Seeing that everyone was seated, Yang Sen announced: I advocate hygiene. Each person puts out two pairs of chopsticks, one pair for picking up vegetables, and one pair for eating by himself.As a result, Chief of Staff Xian made a foul as soon as he was eating. Yang Sen sternly yelled, "Stop!" Then he announced, "That's the end of today's meal!" Then he turned and left. ⊙Liu Wenhui appointed his nephew Liu Yuantang as the division commander. In 1940, Liu Yuantang was lured by Chiang Kai-shek and led his troops to join Hu Zongnan.Unexpectedly, before the army could move out, two of the three regiments under its jurisdiction were poached by Liu Wenhui. Liu Yuantang took the remaining troops to meet Hu Zongnan.Seeing that his troops were in disarray, Hu yelled, "A beggar doesn't even have a stick!" ⊙Yang Sen was under the command of Xiong Kewu in his early years. During the "Second Revolution", Xiong Kewu fought with the Yunnan Army and was defeated. Yang Sen was captured by Huang Yucheng of the Yunnan Army.One day, Huang gathered the captives to give a lecture and asked: "Among you are officers, move forward five steps!" No one else dared to move, only Yang Sen stood upright, took five steps, and shouted to Huang after standing at attention: "Report!" Commander, I am Yang Sen, the battalion commander of the major!" Huang admired him when he saw it, so he brought him back to the headquarters as an adjutant. ⊙In 1922, Yang Sen lost power in the war between the warlords and went to Luoyang to seek refuge with Wu Peifu.Once, Wu Peifu and his subordinates raced horses, and Yang Sen was also invited to participate.Wu's riding skills are very good. At the beginning of the race, Wu led the horse, and the others couldn't keep up. Yang Sen's riding skills were even better. Yang always stayed close to Wu's horse, half a horse behind Wu, and did not surpass Wu. Wu Peifu's favor of not leaving is not leaving. ⊙In 1925, Yang Sen wanted to unify Sichuan. People at that time wrote a poem in four or six sentences, describing Yang's military horse: Yushuai on his head (referring to Wu Peifu, Hao Ziyu), standing on Jinao (referring to He Jinao), and lame on his back (referring to Wei Kai, a cripple), holds Ha'er in his arms (referring to Fan Shaozeng, nicknamed "Fan Ha'er"), and rides a white horse.The two kings on the left and right (referring to Wang Yanxu and Wang Zhaokui), Wu Xingzhiguang (referring to Wu Xingguang) in front, Guo Songzhiyun in the back (Guo Rudong, named Songyun. All of the above are Yang’s generals), there is also a general of the Yang family, and there is a gang of Guang’an ( Most of Yang Sen's family are from Guang'an, his hometown).Shouting in front and embracing in back, mighty and mighty, the general is going on an expedition. ⊙In April 1925, in order to unify Sichuan, Yang Sen first attacked Lai Xinhui.Yang Jun's firepower was so great that Lai's Ministry couldn't support it, and the warlords watched from the sidelines again.Lai day and night hoped that help would not come, and was extremely angry. He sent a telegram to Liu Xiang and others.Hang me, you don't come.When the time comes, step down together. ⊙Yang Sen united with Deng Xihou, Luo Zezhou and other warlords to deal with Liu Xiang.In order to disintegrate the "Falling Liu Lianjun", Liu Xiang sent Yang Sen's teacher Wang Lingji to meet Yang Sen and lobby Yang and Liu to cooperate.But Liu Xiang and Yang Sen had too much grievances, and Wang's trip was fruitless.Before Wang left, he still kept on trying to persuade Yang, but Yang was unmoved.Wang waved to Yang and said, "Goodbye!" Yang Sen also waved and said, "See you on the battlefield!" ⊙In order to strengthen the control over his subordinates, Yang Sen mobilized a regiment of elites from each division to form two law enforcement brigades. cronies management.This made the subordinates very dissatisfied. The division commander Fan Shaozeng clamored on the spot. Another division commander Guo Rudong said: "Concentrating the machine guns is equivalent to taking off the jacket; setting up a regiment in each division to form a law enforcement team is equivalent to taking off the robes. Only by not taking off our hats, we are forced. There is no way out." ⊙When Yang Sen ruled Sichuan, Yang's quotations were pasted everywhere on the street walls, and each sentence began with "Yang Sen said".Such as: "Yang Sen said: Women's foot binding is forbidden!" "Yang Sen said: You should cut your nails frequently. Growing nails is not hygienic, but also lazy!" "Yang Sen said: Playing cards will kill the strong; !" "Yang Sen said: It is uncivilized to be shirtless in teahouses, restaurants, streets and public places in summer!" ⊙Guo Rudong, Yang Sen's subordinate, has long wanted to defeat Yang, and both sides know it well and are on guard against each other.One day, Yang Zhao's generals held a meeting. He was afraid that Guo would not come, so he sent someone to take one of his young wives and a son as hostages to Guo's department, and invited Guo to attend the meeting.When Guo met, he also sent his counselor Huang to take Guo's wife as a hostage and go to the meeting on behalf of Guo. ⊙Wang Yanxu was originally a general of Yang Sen's department. Yang was suspicious and often expressed his uneasiness to Wang.Seeing this, Wang resorted to a bitter strategy, tattooed a "Sen" character on his left arm, and then dyed it with indigo, and ordered all officers and soldiers of his subordinates to follow this method to show their loyalty. Yang Sen was overjoyed and appointed an important position.But Wang finally defeated Yang Sen's Ge and took refuge in Liu Xiang. ⊙In 1928, Yang Sen failed in the war against Liu (Xiang), lost all defenses, and had to rely on others for his military salary, known as "Rolling Dragon".In order to prevent the soldiers from sneaking away, Yang stipulated that soldiers should take off their pants to sleep at night. ⊙After Liu Xiang's death, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Wang Yanxu, commander of Liu's army, as acting chairman of Sichuan Province.Jiang asked the king how many sons he had, and the king replied: "Because I married more wives, I gave birth to more sons. I have done this stupid thing all my life." How many wives have you married? Didn’t Jiang marry more wives? I’m an asshole, so isn’t he the same? I’m humoring him!” ⊙Deng Xihou is tactful, transparent, clever, good at judging the situation and taking advantage of loopholes, so everyone calls him "Crystal Monkey".Someone wrote a poem satirizing Deng Xihou and said: "The king is worthy of being called crystal, half of mediation and half of military, the knife beats the tofu on both sides, loses and eats sugar, let alone wins." ⊙Deng Xihou's Chen Shunong Department was supported by Liu Wenhui, but he attacked Liu Wenhui in the Second Liu War.People called Chen Shunong "Three Transformations"—taking money from Liu's family, serving as an official of Deng's family, and slapping Liu's family in the face. ⊙Luo Zezhou controls no way.Once, the chief of staff sent money and goods to the wounded officers and soldiers in the name of Luo to show his condolences.When Luo learned about it, he was furious and said, "They eat me and wear me, and they support their wives and children on a monthly basis. What's so great about being injured!" He asked the chief of staff, "Why don't soldiers be shot?" ⊙Luo Zezhou is the most low-key of the warlords in Sichuan. Others have big ranks, big hats and few guns and soldiers, but he has a small hat but many people and guns.He was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek as the commander of the 23rd Division of the Army, but he did not let go of the title of commander of the 11th Division of the 28th Army (Deng Xihou's Department).At his peak, he owned 18 regiments, equivalent to the strength of four divisions, and his equipment surpassed the level of other Sichuan troops. However, throughout his life, his troops have never been able to display the "banner higher than the division". ⊙Luo Zezhou's younger brother, Luo Chengzhang, served as brigade commander in Luobu and opened a theater in Nanchong City. Luo Zezhou was very dissatisfied with this, and he couldn't bring his brother to justice, so he had to announce that military officers were strictly prohibited from entering the theater.One day, a head of Luo Chengzhang's brigade was watching a play in the theatre, and Luo Zezhou happened to find him. Luo was furious, cursed at him, and beat the head of the group with a horsewhip in full view. ⊙In 1904, Xiliang, governor of Sichuan Province, held the National Martial Arts Games in Chengdu. At that time, Pan Wenhua participated in the competition as a young soldier. After he came to the stage, he leaped and moved, swinging a knife and chopping swords. His movements were like a kite flying in the sky. Like lightning, and as fast as a meteor, it won the applause of the audience.Since then, the nickname "Pan Yaozi" has become famous in the army. ⊙In the summer of 1921, the warlords of various factions in Sichuan accepted Liu Xiang's proposal and sent representatives to Chongqing to hold a reorganization meeting, and then inspected and allocated territories according to their strength.Among them, Liu Bin of the Baoding Department had a teacher's signboard, but his guns were less than 3,000. Liu was afraid that the inspection would not be good for him, so he bought the inspection personnel on the one hand, and on the other hand played tricks to deal with the inspection: on the first day, he set up a regiment on the playground. , The number of people and guns is enough, there is no shortage, let the inspection team go to check in detail, the number of guns, personnel and horses are not bad at all, so they are a little convinced.On the second day, the check-in was still the same team, but the chief officer had changed.At the beginning of the inspection, there were people clamoring for payment, and the situation was tense for a while.The inspection team then took the opportunity to end hastily, letting Liu Bu pass the test in a muddle and organize it into a division-level organization. ⊙When Liu Cunhou was stationed in Hanzhong, he opened tobacco dens, casinos, raped women, and committed all kinds of crimes, which aroused the great indignation of the people in southern Shaanxi.The Shaanxi Provincial Assembly declared Liu Cunhou's 12 crimes against Shaanxi, and requested the central government in Beijing to quickly transfer him away.The Shaanxi people also satirized a couplet: go early and have eyes every day, and come here again without skin. ⊙Tian Songyao implemented the "pre-requisition system" in the defense area, which surged from the initial three levies a year to the 14 levies a year in 1931.All kinds of exorbitant and miscellaneous taxes ranked first in Central Sichuan. At that time, the folk song said: "It's good for other farmers, but it's hard for my farmers (farmers). ⊙Liu Xiang, a native of Dayi, Sichuan.He has a strong physique, a round face, a wide forehead, a straight nose and a loud voice.The character is deep and reserved, brave and ruthless.Because of his bravery and daring to fight, he was nicknamed "Ba Gekko", also known as "Liu Mangzi". ⊙Liu Xiang entered the Sichuan Army Crash School, and usually only knows how to concentrate on exercises and classes, and never asks about politics.Liu Xiang likes to sing military songs and play games after dinner, and is often promoted as the lead singer.Because the eyelids have not healed for a long time, people call him "Liu Blind". ⊙Liu Xiang believed in the "Immortal Liu" Liu Congyun, and ordered all the officers and soldiers in his troops to become disciples.Because he often has to worship the gods and kneel for an hour, Fan Shaozeng is very annoyed, and often curses "I fuck your mother" in his heart while kneeling.After returning, Fan said to others: "I scolded him secretly for more than one o'clock, but he didn't know it. Is it enough to be called a god?" ⊙Liu Xiang appointed Liu Shenxian as the "Chairman of the Red Suppression Military Committee". Every time he dispatched troops, Liu Shenxian not only had to choose the time, but also designated the direction of march.Once, the troops marched in accordance with the order, walked to the foot of the mountain, and encountered a cliff again. The troops didn't know what to do, so they called back to ask for instructions. Furious, he asked back: "Does that mean you have to risk your life on the cliff?" ⊙Liu Xiang spent a lot of money to buy more than ten aircraft from Britain and France, and established the Air Force.Once, the students of Liu's officer education group went to Guangyangba to watch the plane bombing performance. Unexpectedly, the bomb was thrown into the group of students, and the leg of the education group supervisor was broken. ⊙In 1932, Liu Xiang held an education meeting in his jurisdiction, declaring: "After I unify Sichuan, I must first develop local products, such as the clay gold teapots in Rongchang Shaojiu House, and the white pigs in Longchang. You can get rich without relying on science, and you can also be self-sufficient in retreat. He Lushi, the dean of the Faculty of Science of Chongqing University, stood up and said: "The prosperity of a country must rely on science. If it does not rely on science, why would the supervisor wear a suit today?" Liu Xiang suddenly blushed. ⊙When Liu Wenhui was 13 years old, he pretended to be 16 years old and applied for the Chengdu Army Primary School. He was at a loss about the test questions during the exam.Liu was not in a hurry, and made another comment: "In an extraordinary world, there must be extraordinary people, and extraordinary people must have extraordinary things..." "If you want to strengthen a country, you must first train your soldiers. If you don't have strong soldiers, you can't resist foreign aggression. ..." Unexpectedly, the principal praised the case, called for an interview, and admitted him on the spot. ⊙Liu Wencheng, Liu Wenhui's fourth brother, ran a distillery in his early years.After Liu Wenhui made his fortune, Liu Wencheng became the director of the "machine repair factory", which was actually a mint.So he opened a bank and bought a house. Because he had a lot of real estate in Chengdu, he was called "Liu Bancheng". ⊙Yang Sen expelled Xiong Kewu and became a superintendent in Sichuan. He overhauled roads in Chengdu and forcibly demolished houses without compensation.The famous "five elders and seven sages" in Chengdu went to petition. Yang Senhu scolded him with a stern face and said, "If I demolish some eaves and corners, you will make a fuss and say that the people are unwilling. If I had closed the gates of the four cities when I first entered Chengdu I set fire to burn it all down, which saved me a lot of trouble.” At that time, the tabloids in Chengdu published a couplet with a double meaning: the houses have been demolished long ago, and when will the general get out?The road has been leveled, let's see when the governor will drive? ⊙In May 1927, under the order of Chiang Kai-shek, Yang Sen went out of Sichuan to attack Wuhan, but was defeated. Yang Sen hurriedly changed into plain clothes, pulled a donkey from the mill, and ran for his life in a hurry. ⊙Lai Xinhui fought with Yang Sen and Yuan Zuming, and they were in a stalemate. Lai's troops began to retreat. The soldiers ran in a panic. The road was narrow and they couldn't move at all. The soldiers cursed as they retreated.Lai Xinhui was sitting in the sedan chair, and the soldiers yelled: "You've lost the battle, and you're still showing off. The big sedan chair has blocked the road!" Lai got out of the sedan chair immediately after hearing this, and found a place on the side of the road to lay out the bedding and set up the smoking equipment. Lie down and smoke opium slowly.Seeing the commander-in-chief burning cigarettes in a leisurely manner, the soldiers yelled at the officers and soldiers crowded behind: "Why are you panicking? The commander-in-chief is still burning cigarettes here!" It really worked, and the retreating troops were orderly. ⊙In 1927, Wu Peifu was defeated in Sichuan. On Wu's birthday, Fan Shaozeng specially invited a theater troupe in Chongqing to perform for him for three days to celebrate his birthday.Every morning before the performance, Wu Bi put on his robe and crown, first went to the Guandi Temple in the city to offer incense, and then went to the colorful shed to watch the play. ⊙The warlord Li Jiayu was from a poor family, so he applied for the army primary school.By the time the list was released, Li had been hungry for several days, so he clutched his stomach and went to the school office to see the list.At this time, the principal of the Army Elementary School had already taken office, and he couldn't help being curious when he saw this. After asking, he learned the truth and felt compassion.At that time, the number of candidates had been determined, the list had been written, and the last one was marked with a vermilion stroke.The principal asked someone to correct it again, and added Li Jiayu's name. People said that Li entered Lu Elementary School "sitting on a red chair". ⊙Warlord Luo Zezhou, whose real name is Luo Dingchen.When he applied for the Sichuan Army Non-commissioned Officer Academy in his early years, he failed the exam. It happened that a candidate named Luo Zezhou passed the exam but failed to register. Luo Dingchen replaced him and was able to enter the school. From then on, he was named "Zezhou". ⊙Lingguan is a kind of god enshrined in Taoist temples, with a hideous appearance and a ferocious appearance.The warlord Wang Lingji was vicious and vicious, with a heart like a snake and a scorpion, so the people in Sichuan called him "Wang Lingguan".
⊙Sichuan folklore, Liu Wenhui is called "Golden Dragon" because of his large defense area and rich money; "Crystal Monkey" is called "Water Dragon"; Tian Songyao is nicknamed "Winter Melon" because he is stupid and full of energy, so he is called "Menlong".Yang Sen was defenseless and crowded everywhere, calling him "Rolling Dragon". ⊙In the 1930s, photographer Sun Mingjing found during his investigation in Xikang Province that most of the local school buildings were spacious and bright, and the students were neatly dressed, but some county governments were dilapidated.Sun asked a county magistrate: "Why are the houses in the county government always inferior to the schools?" The county magistrate replied: "Chairman Liu (Wen Hui) said that if the houses in the county government are better than the schools, the county magistrate will execute the law on the spot!" ⊙Sun Yat-sen sent Fan Kongzhou, a member of the revolutionary party, to Chengdu to carry out revolutionary activities.Fan was assassinated at home and shot dozens of times all over his body.At that time, it was inferred that Liu Cunhou did it.So some revolutionaries made a couplet saying: Fan Kongzhou is full of holes; Liu Cun's thick face is still there. ⊙Sichuan warlords fought in a melee, Liu Cunhou and Zhong Tidao were forced to retreat into Hanzhong, and finally repelled the pursuers.Zhong Tidao bought thousands of white towels and wrote the words "promote peace" to reward the soldiers under his command. ⊙Liu Cunhou and Zhong Tidao merged in Hanzhong, Shaanxi.Liu arranged a Hongmen banquet, Zhong escaped during the banquet, and ran to the street. After being chased by Liu's soldiers, he hid in a restaurant.The restaurant clerk hid him under the oven for baking snacks to escape Liu Jun's search.When his subordinates came to carry him out from the stove, he was already half human, half ghost, with only one shoe on his foot, and he was in a mess. ⊙In 1905, Xiong Kewu joined the Tongmenghui.Sun Yat-sen said to him: "Congratulations, from today onwards, you are no longer from the Qing Dynasty!" He also taught him the contact code for meeting comrades: "Question: Where are you from? Answer: Han people. Question: What is it?" ? Answer: Chinese things. Question: What is it? Answer: World affairs." ⊙Xiong Kewu supported Liu Xiang's chief of staff and second division commander Chen Nengfang and other generals to leave Liu Xiang, and agreed to start an incident in Chongqing before New Year's Eve.However, on the eve of the incident, Liu monitored Chen.At a plenary meeting of officers and soldiers, Liu asked everyone: "Would you like to go with staff officer Chen Nengfang, raise your hands!" There was no movement below.He asked again, "Whoever wants to follow Liu Xiang, raise your hand!" Immediately, all the audience raised their hands.So Liu said to Chen, "Chief of Staff, none of them are willing to go with you! Then please rest." ⊙In March 1927, Liu Xiang received two telegrams at the same time. One was the resolution of the Wuhan Kuomintang Central Party-Government Joint Meeting, removing Chiang Kai-shek from the post of commander-in-chief of the Revolutionary Army; Disband the Wuhan Party-Government Joint Conference by telegram.After Liu Xiang saw it, he decided that Chiang Kai-shek could rely on him. Holding the telegram sent by Nanchang in his hand, he said loudly in public: "This is the real 'Nantu' (high-quality opium produced in Yunnan), which is enjoyable, enjoyable!" ⊙Fan Shaozeng, born in Lvlin, was once a member of Paoge.Because he has a naive look since he was a child, he is cute and cute, so he is called "Fan Ha'er".He is quite brave in battle on the battlefield, and he is even more proud in love, and he likes to take the woman he likes as his own.In just a few years, he had as many as forty aunts and wives.The famous swimming champion "Mermaid" Yang Xiuqiong was forced to be his eighteenth concubine at the age of 19. ⊙One time, under pressure, Liu Xiang resigned from various military and political powers, but privately mobilized the army to attack political opponents.At the officer-soldier meeting, Liu said: "The reason why I resigned is because you don't want to fight." He also said, "I will definitely pay your military salary on time. As long as you are willing to fight, I can reinstate my post." ⊙In the late 1920s, on the one hand, Liu Wenhui got close to Liu Xiang through his family blood, and on the other hand, connected with Deng Xihou and Tian Songyao through his classmate relationship.In just eight years, Liu's military strength has rapidly expanded from one regiment to more than 140 regiments, and he has become the chief warlord in charge of Sichuan. ⊙In the autumn of 1935, Chiang Kai-shek established the "Eshan Officer Training Corps" in Sichuan, with Liu Xiang as the deputy commander and Chen Cheng as the director of education.Chen once said in a speech: "Some people spent money to buy a few bad foreign planes, also known as the Air Force, and they dare not even send a letter." It was actually a satire on Liu Xiang.When it was Liu Xiang's turn to speak, Liu talked a lot about how to fight guerrillas, how to use the weak against the strong, and the special tactics of using soft against hard. The meaning in his words was aimed at Chen and the Central Army, expressing that he would use guerrilla tactics to fight against the Central Army. knock. ⊙Sichuan Erliu fought endlessly, and no one could swallow the other. In the summer of 1932, when Liu Wenhui went to Chongqing, he met Liu Hangchen, Liu Xiang's advisor, and asked Liu Hangchen, "How can Sichuan be unified?" ⊙In order to deal with Chiang Kai-shek's poaching and infiltration, Liu Xiang organized the "Wu De Li Jin Association" in his army.Officers who join the club are required to fill out an oath form.The general idea is: I swear to support the president (Liu Xiang) sincerely, be loyal to the group, obey orders, observe discipline, keep strict confidentiality, and work hard. Willing to be punished.Some filled in "willing to be shot", some filled in "willing to be beheaded", and some swore "willing to have his family destroyed and his children and grandchildren cut off" and so on. ⊙Liu Wenhui is very resourceful, has a lot of ideas, and is good at building relationships and engaging in multi-faceted diplomacy.Therefore, everyone called him "Taoist of Many Treasures". ⊙Liu Wenhui retreated to Xikang. Because of the large number of Tibetans in Kham, Liu Xin started Lamaism. He respected all the famous lamas and living Buddhas in Kham and asked his children to kowtow to them.Liu himself never leaves his rosary, and chanting scriptures every day is a must.As a result, the Tibetans in Kham did not make any troubles. It is said that Liu Wenhui's string of beads can support several masters. ⊙Liu Wenhui’s younger brother, Liu Wencai, has 8,000 mu of land, but used 3,000 mu of land to set up a Wencai Middle School. All income from the 1,000 mu of land was used as education funds, teachers’ salaries, and student scholarships.He also paid all the ferry fees for the students, and the students only need the school badge. ⊙In order to strengthen the control of subordinates, Yang Sen proposed "systematization of the army, discipline of action, and revolutionization of thinking", and the implementation of "public chopsticks" in the army, that is, using public chopsticks for meals.One day, Yang Sen invited the physical education instructors of all military academies and above to have a meal, accompanied by Chief of Staff Xian Guangjun.The host and guests sit around a round table. Everyone sees that there are only eight people, but there are sixteen pairs of chopsticks.Seeing that everyone was seated, Yang Sen announced: I advocate hygiene. Each person puts out two pairs of chopsticks, one pair for picking up vegetables, and one pair for eating by himself.As a result, Chief of Staff Xian made a foul as soon as he was eating. Yang Sen sternly yelled, "Stop!" Then he announced, "That's the end of today's meal!" Then he turned and left. ⊙Liu Wenhui appointed his nephew Liu Yuantang as the division commander. In 1940, Liu Yuantang was lured by Chiang Kai-shek and led his troops to join Hu Zongnan.Unexpectedly, before the army could move out, two of the three regiments under its jurisdiction were poached by Liu Wenhui. Liu Yuantang took the remaining troops to meet Hu Zongnan.Seeing that his troops were in disarray, Hu yelled, "A beggar doesn't even have a stick!" ⊙Yang Sen was under the command of Xiong Kewu in his early years. During the "Second Revolution", Xiong Kewu fought with the Yunnan Army and was defeated. Yang Sen was captured by Huang Yucheng of the Yunnan Army.One day, Huang gathered the captives to give a lecture and asked: "Among you are officers, move forward five steps!" No one else dared to move, only Yang Sen stood upright, took five steps, and shouted to Huang after standing at attention: "Report!" Commander, I am Yang Sen, the battalion commander of the major!" Huang admired him when he saw it, so he brought him back to the headquarters as an adjutant. ⊙In 1922, Yang Sen lost power in the war between the warlords and went to Luoyang to seek refuge with Wu Peifu.Once, Wu Peifu and his subordinates raced horses, and Yang Sen was also invited to participate.Wu's riding skills are very good. At the beginning of the race, Wu led the horse, and the others couldn't keep up. Yang Sen's riding skills were even better. Yang always stayed close to Wu's horse, half a horse behind Wu, and did not surpass Wu. Wu Peifu's favor of not leaving is not leaving. ⊙In 1925, Yang Sen wanted to unify Sichuan. People at that time wrote a poem in four or six sentences, describing Yang's military horse: Yushuai on his head (referring to Wu Peifu, Hao Ziyu), standing on Jinao (referring to He Jinao), and lame on his back (referring to Wei Kai, a cripple), holds Ha'er in his arms (referring to Fan Shaozeng, nicknamed "Fan Ha'er"), and rides a white horse.The two kings on the left and right (referring to Wang Yanxu and Wang Zhaokui), Wu Xingzhiguang (referring to Wu Xingguang) in front, Guo Songzhiyun in the back (Guo Rudong, named Songyun. All of the above are Yang’s generals), there is also a general of the Yang family, and there is a gang of Guang’an ( Most of Yang Sen's family are from Guang'an, his hometown).Shouting in front and embracing in back, mighty and mighty, the general is going on an expedition. ⊙In April 1925, in order to unify Sichuan, Yang Sen first attacked Lai Xinhui.Yang Jun's firepower was so great that Lai's Ministry couldn't support it, and the warlords watched from the sidelines again.Lai day and night hoped that help would not come, and was extremely angry. He sent a telegram to Liu Xiang and others.Hang me, you don't come.When the time comes, step down together. ⊙Yang Sen united with Deng Xihou, Luo Zezhou and other warlords to deal with Liu Xiang.In order to disintegrate the "Falling Liu Lianjun", Liu Xiang sent Yang Sen's teacher Wang Lingji to meet Yang Sen and lobby Yang and Liu to cooperate.But Liu Xiang and Yang Sen had too much grievances, and Wang's trip was fruitless.Before Wang left, he still kept on trying to persuade Yang, but Yang was unmoved.Wang waved to Yang and said, "Goodbye!" Yang Sen also waved and said, "See you on the battlefield!" ⊙In order to strengthen the control over his subordinates, Yang Sen mobilized a regiment of elites from each division to form two law enforcement brigades. cronies management.This made the subordinates very dissatisfied. The division commander Fan Shaozeng clamored on the spot. Another division commander Guo Rudong said: "Concentrating the machine guns is equivalent to taking off the jacket; setting up a regiment in each division to form a law enforcement team is equivalent to taking off the robes. Only by not taking off our hats, we are forced. There is no way out." ⊙When Yang Sen ruled Sichuan, Yang's quotations were pasted everywhere on the street walls, and each sentence began with "Yang Sen said".Such as: "Yang Sen said: Women's foot binding is forbidden!" "Yang Sen said: You should cut your nails frequently. Growing nails is not hygienic, but also lazy!" "Yang Sen said: Playing cards will kill the strong; !" "Yang Sen said: It is uncivilized to be shirtless in teahouses, restaurants, streets and public places in summer!" ⊙Guo Rudong, Yang Sen's subordinate, has long wanted to defeat Yang, and both sides know it well and are on guard against each other.One day, Yang Zhao's generals held a meeting. He was afraid that Guo would not come, so he sent someone to take one of his young wives and a son as hostages to Guo's department, and invited Guo to attend the meeting.When Guo met, he also sent his counselor Huang to take Guo's wife as a hostage and go to the meeting on behalf of Guo. ⊙Wang Yanxu was originally a general of Yang Sen's department. Yang was suspicious and often expressed his uneasiness to Wang.Seeing this, Wang resorted to a bitter strategy, tattooed a "Sen" character on his left arm, and then dyed it with indigo, and ordered all officers and soldiers of his subordinates to follow this method to show their loyalty. Yang Sen was overjoyed and appointed an important position.But Wang finally defeated Yang Sen's Ge and took refuge in Liu Xiang. ⊙In 1928, Yang Sen failed in the war against Liu (Xiang), lost all defenses, and had to rely on others for his military salary, known as "Rolling Dragon".In order to prevent the soldiers from sneaking away, Yang stipulated that soldiers should take off their pants to sleep at night. ⊙After Liu Xiang's death, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Wang Yanxu, commander of Liu's army, as acting chairman of Sichuan Province.Jiang asked the king how many sons he had, and the king replied: "Because I married more wives, I gave birth to more sons. I have done this stupid thing all my life." How many wives have you married? Didn’t Jiang marry more wives? I’m an asshole, so isn’t he the same? I’m humoring him!” ⊙Deng Xihou is tactful, transparent, clever, good at judging the situation and taking advantage of loopholes, so everyone calls him "Crystal Monkey".Someone wrote a poem satirizing Deng Xihou and said: "The king is worthy of being called crystal, half of mediation and half of military, the knife beats the tofu on both sides, loses and eats sugar, let alone wins." ⊙Deng Xihou's Chen Shunong Department was supported by Liu Wenhui, but he attacked Liu Wenhui in the Second Liu War.People called Chen Shunong "Three Transformations"—taking money from Liu's family, serving as an official of Deng's family, and slapping Liu's family in the face. ⊙Luo Zezhou controls no way.Once, the chief of staff sent money and goods to the wounded officers and soldiers in the name of Luo to show his condolences.When Luo learned about it, he was furious and said, "They eat me and wear me, and they support their wives and children on a monthly basis. What's so great about being injured!" He asked the chief of staff, "Why don't soldiers be shot?" ⊙Luo Zezhou is the most low-key of the warlords in Sichuan. Others have big ranks, big hats and few guns and soldiers, but he has a small hat but many people and guns.He was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek as the commander of the 23rd Division of the Army, but he did not let go of the title of commander of the 11th Division of the 28th Army (Deng Xihou's Department).At his peak, he owned 18 regiments, equivalent to the strength of four divisions, and his equipment surpassed the level of other Sichuan troops. However, throughout his life, his troops have never been able to display the "banner higher than the division". ⊙Luo Zezhou's younger brother, Luo Chengzhang, served as brigade commander in Luobu and opened a theater in Nanchong City. Luo Zezhou was very dissatisfied with this, and he couldn't bring his brother to justice, so he had to announce that military officers were strictly prohibited from entering the theater.One day, a head of Luo Chengzhang's brigade was watching a play in the theatre, and Luo Zezhou happened to find him. Luo was furious, cursed at him, and beat the head of the group with a horsewhip in full view. ⊙In 1904, Xiliang, governor of Sichuan Province, held the National Martial Arts Games in Chengdu. At that time, Pan Wenhua participated in the competition as a young soldier. After he came to the stage, he leaped and moved, swinging a knife and chopping swords. His movements were like a kite flying in the sky. Like lightning, and as fast as a meteor, it won the applause of the audience.Since then, the nickname "Pan Yaozi" has become famous in the army. ⊙In the summer of 1921, the warlords of various factions in Sichuan accepted Liu Xiang's proposal and sent representatives to Chongqing to hold a reorganization meeting, and then inspected and allocated territories according to their strength.Among them, Liu Bin of the Baoding Department had a teacher's signboard, but his guns were less than 3,000. Liu was afraid that the inspection would not be good for him, so he bought the inspection personnel on the one hand, and on the other hand played tricks to deal with the inspection: on the first day, he set up a regiment on the playground. , The number of people and guns is enough, there is no shortage, let the inspection team go to check in detail, the number of guns, personnel and horses are not bad at all, so they are a little convinced.On the second day, the check-in was still the same team, but the chief officer had changed.At the beginning of the inspection, there were people clamoring for payment, and the situation was tense for a while.The inspection team then took the opportunity to end hastily, letting Liu Bu pass the test in a muddle and organize it into a division-level organization. ⊙When Liu Cunhou was stationed in Hanzhong, he opened tobacco dens, casinos, raped women, and committed all kinds of crimes, which aroused the great indignation of the people in southern Shaanxi.The Shaanxi Provincial Assembly declared Liu Cunhou's 12 crimes against Shaanxi, and requested the central government in Beijing to quickly transfer him away.The Shaanxi people also satirized a couplet: go early and have eyes every day, and come here again without skin. ⊙Tian Songyao implemented the "pre-requisition system" in the defense area, which surged from the initial three levies a year to the 14 levies a year in 1931.All kinds of exorbitant and miscellaneous taxes ranked first in Central Sichuan. At that time, the folk song said: "It's good for other farmers, but it's hard for my farmers (farmers). ⊙Liu Xiang, a native of Dayi, Sichuan.He has a strong physique, a round face, a wide forehead, a straight nose and a loud voice.The character is deep and reserved, brave and ruthless.Because of his bravery and daring to fight, he was nicknamed "Ba Gekko", also known as "Liu Mangzi". ⊙Liu Xiang entered the Sichuan Army Crash School, and usually only knows how to concentrate on exercises and classes, and never asks about politics.Liu Xiang likes to sing military songs and play games after dinner, and is often promoted as the lead singer.Because the eyelids have not healed for a long time, people call him "Liu Blind". ⊙Liu Xiang believed in the "Immortal Liu" Liu Congyun, and ordered all the officers and soldiers in his troops to become disciples.Because he often has to worship the gods and kneel for an hour, Fan Shaozeng is very annoyed, and often curses "I fuck your mother" in his heart while kneeling.After returning, Fan said to others: "I scolded him secretly for more than one o'clock, but he didn't know it. Is it enough to be called a god?" ⊙Liu Xiang appointed Liu Shenxian as the "Chairman of the Red Suppression Military Committee". Every time he dispatched troops, Liu Shenxian not only had to choose the time, but also designated the direction of march.Once, the troops marched in accordance with the order, walked to the foot of the mountain, and encountered a cliff again. The troops didn't know what to do, so they called back to ask for instructions. Furious, he asked back: "Does that mean you have to risk your life on the cliff?" ⊙Liu Xiang spent a lot of money to buy more than ten aircraft from Britain and France, and established the Air Force.Once, the students of Liu's officer education group went to Guangyangba to watch the plane bombing performance. Unexpectedly, the bomb was thrown into the group of students, and the leg of the education group supervisor was broken. ⊙In 1932, Liu Xiang held an education meeting in his jurisdiction, declaring: "After I unify Sichuan, I must first develop local products, such as the clay gold teapots in Rongchang Shaojiu House, and the white pigs in Longchang. You can get rich without relying on science, and you can also be self-sufficient in retreat. He Lushi, the dean of the Faculty of Science of Chongqing University, stood up and said: "The prosperity of a country must rely on science. If it does not rely on science, why would the supervisor wear a suit today?" Liu Xiang suddenly blushed. ⊙When Liu Wenhui was 13 years old, he pretended to be 16 years old and applied for the Chengdu Army Primary School. He was at a loss about the test questions during the exam.Liu was not in a hurry, and made another comment: "In an extraordinary world, there must be extraordinary people, and extraordinary people must have extraordinary things..." "If you want to strengthen a country, you must first train your soldiers. If you don't have strong soldiers, you can't resist foreign aggression. ..." Unexpectedly, the principal praised the case, called for an interview, and admitted him on the spot. ⊙Liu Wencheng, Liu Wenhui's fourth brother, ran a distillery in his early years.After Liu Wenhui made his fortune, Liu Wencheng became the director of the "machine repair factory", which was actually a mint.So he opened a bank and bought a house. Because he had a lot of real estate in Chengdu, he was called "Liu Bancheng". ⊙Yang Sen expelled Xiong Kewu and became a superintendent in Sichuan. He overhauled roads in Chengdu and forcibly demolished houses without compensation.The famous "five elders and seven sages" in Chengdu went to petition. Yang Senhu scolded him with a stern face and said, "If I demolish some eaves and corners, you will make a fuss and say that the people are unwilling. If I had closed the gates of the four cities when I first entered Chengdu I set fire to burn it all down, which saved me a lot of trouble.” At that time, the tabloids in Chengdu published a couplet with a double meaning: the houses have been demolished long ago, and when will the general get out?The road has been leveled, let's see when the governor will drive? ⊙In May 1927, under the order of Chiang Kai-shek, Yang Sen went out of Sichuan to attack Wuhan, but was defeated. Yang Sen hurriedly changed into plain clothes, pulled a donkey from the mill, and ran for his life in a hurry. ⊙Lai Xinhui fought with Yang Sen and Yuan Zuming, and they were in a stalemate. Lai's troops began to retreat. The soldiers ran in a panic. The road was narrow and they couldn't move at all. The soldiers cursed as they retreated.Lai Xinhui was sitting in the sedan chair, and the soldiers yelled: "You've lost the battle, and you're still showing off. The big sedan chair has blocked the road!" Lai got out of the sedan chair immediately after hearing this, and found a place on the side of the road to lay out the bedding and set up the smoking equipment. Lie down and smoke opium slowly.Seeing the commander-in-chief burning cigarettes in a leisurely manner, the soldiers yelled at the officers and soldiers crowded behind: "Why are you panicking? The commander-in-chief is still burning cigarettes here!" It really worked, and the retreating troops were orderly. ⊙In 1927, Wu Peifu was defeated in Sichuan. On Wu's birthday, Fan Shaozeng specially invited a theater troupe in Chongqing to perform for him for three days to celebrate his birthday.Every morning before the performance, Wu Bi put on his robe and crown, first went to the Guandi Temple in the city to offer incense, and then went to the colorful shed to watch the play. ⊙The warlord Li Jiayu was from a poor family, so he applied for the army primary school.By the time the list was released, Li had been hungry for several days, so he clutched his stomach and went to the school office to see the list.At this time, the principal of the Army Elementary School had already taken office, and he couldn't help being curious when he saw this. After asking, he learned the truth and felt compassion.At that time, the number of candidates had been determined, the list had been written, and the last one was marked with a vermilion stroke.The principal asked someone to correct it again, and added Li Jiayu's name. People said that Li entered Lu Elementary School "sitting on a red chair". ⊙Warlord Luo Zezhou, whose real name is Luo Dingchen.When he applied for the Sichuan Army Non-commissioned Officer Academy in his early years, he failed the exam. It happened that a candidate named Luo Zezhou passed the exam but failed to register. Luo Dingchen replaced him and was able to enter the school. From then on, he was named "Zezhou". ⊙Lingguan is a kind of god enshrined in Taoist temples, with a hideous appearance and a ferocious appearance.The warlord Wang Lingji was vicious and vicious, with a heart like a snake and a scorpion, so the people in Sichuan called him "Wang Lingguan".