Chapter 8 White Fox Alliance: Warlords of the Guangxi Clan
The Gui family is divided into the old Gui family and the new Gui family. The old Gui family was headed by Lu Rongting and was active in the Beiyang period. The New Gui family was led by Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi. It was the most powerful faction in the Kuomintang regime except Chiang Kai-shek.During their rule (1925-1949), no faction could intervene in Guangxi affairs.
Birthplace: Wuming, Guangxi
Year of Birth and Death: 1859～1928
Origin: Party leader, bandit
Identity: Leader of the old Guangxi warlords
Position: After the Republic of China, he successively served as the governor of Guangxi, the tour envoy of Guangdong and Guangxi, etc.
Noble people in life: Su Yuanchun, Superintendent of Frontier Defense, Cen Chunxuan, Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi
Opponents in life: cooperation with Yuan Shikai, Long Jinguang, Sun Yat-sen, etc., more confrontation
Birthplace: Guilin, Guangxi
Birth and death years: August 13, 1891 ~ January 30, 1969
Graduate School: Guangxi Army Crash School
Identity: The leader of the Xingui Clan
Positions: Started as platoon commander and company commander, served as vice president and acting president of the National Government, and commander of the fifth theater during the Anti-Japanese War, etc.
Main experience: Defeated Lu Rongting, an old Guangxi faction; Joined the Kuomintang, became the largest local power faction in the National Government, planned anti-Chiang (Jie-shek) activities many times; once directed the Taierzhuang victory
Nickname: Little Zhuge
Nationality: Hui
Birthplace: Lingui, Guangxi
Year of Birth and Death: 1893～1966
Graduate school: Baoding Military Academy
Status: One of the three giants of the Xingui Clan, together with Li Zongren, they are called "Li Bai", and they will advance and retreat with Li Zongren throughout their lives
Positions: Officials to Deputy Chief of Staff of the Military Commission of the Nationalist Government, Minister of National Defense
Huang Shaohong (1895-1966), born in Rong County, Guangxi, ranked second among the three giants of the Xingui Clan, graduated from the Baoding Army Military Academy, served as Chairman of Guangxi Province, Minister of the Interior of the Nationalist Government, Chairman of Zhejiang Province, Chairman of Hubei Province, and Vice-Chairman of the Supervisory Yuan long wait.
Lin Hu (1887～1960): Born in Luchuan, Guangxi, he was born in Jiangxi Armed Forces Academy, an important general of the old Guangxi clique.
Long Jinguang (1863-1917): Born in Yuanyang, Yunnan, Hani nationality, and his younger brother Long Jiguang were important figures in the warlords of Guangdong and Guangxi, and they were relatives with Lu Rongting.Acted as Governor of Guangdong.
Cen Chunxuan (1861～1933), native of Xilin, Guangxi, Zhuang nationality, his father Cen Yuying was the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou in the Qing Dynasty. When the Eight-Power Allied Forces invaded Beijing, Cen Chunxuan worked hard for the king and was favored by Cixi. In 1903, he served as the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi and became a powerful faction in Guangdong. Can compete with Yuan Shikai, known as "South Cen North Yuan".It is the founder of the old Guangxi family.
⊙After Lu Rongting became the governor, his brother Chen Bingkun became the chief of the military and political affairs, his brother-in-law Tan Haoming became the guard envoy, and his son was either the division commander or the brigade commander or regimental commander.Even among his relatives, there was a 12-year-old battalion commander and a 15-year-old county magistrate. ⊙People made up a jingle to satirize Lu Rongting's servants: "If it's not a dragon, it's a horse; if it's injustice, it screams; if it's a tour, it's a patrol." "Dragon" refers to Longzhou, and "horse" refers to Maping, which is Liuzhou. "Ping" refers to Guiping, and "Ming" refers to Wuming. "You" refers to the wandering warriors in the green forest, and "Xuan" refers to the officers of the patrol battalion in the Qing Dynasty. ⊙The God Lord Plaque of Yin Wang Fangtian of Sicheng Prefecture and the Patriarch of Cen Chunxuan, Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, were enshrined in the "Ningwu Villa" built by Lu Rongting.Under the tablets of the two benefactors, there is a four and a half-foot bust of Lu Lu, with couplets on both sides saying: "Ning will welcome the officials with all the people, and Wu will take the whole group as our people." ⊙When Yuan Shikai was promoted from interim president to full-fledged president, Lu Rongting ordered the whole province to "raise the flag and fire cannons as a whole", and personally led civil and military officials to congratulate Yuan's inauguration ceremony in the Governor's Mansion.Yuan immediately awarded Lu the title of "Ningwu General". ⊙In 1916, Lu Rongting founded the model camp, with Ma Xiaojun, the only Japanese non-commissioned officer student in Guangxi, as the battalion commander, and recruited almost all army students in Guangxi.Therefore, at that time, someone called it "a little red among the green bushes". "Wanlu" refers to the green forest heroes in the old army (Lu Yuan was born in the green forest), and "One Little Red" refers to this battalion of army students. ⊙Every time Lu Rongting examines military officers, he first invites those who want to be assessed to a banquet, and secretly puts a big paper cannon on the table. The waiter lit the cannon, and suddenly there was a bang, and the person who lost the cup was not selected, and the person who did not change his expression and held the cup would lead his troops and be promoted. ⊙ On June 24, 1966, Li Zongren and Hu Yousong (daughter of Hu Die) registered their marriage in Beijing.This year Li Zongren was 76 years old and Hu Yousong was 27 years old.This marriage between young and old caused a sensation at home and abroad at that time, and You Baoliang and his wife of UNESCO even made a special news film for it. ⊙Lu Rongting's long silkworm eyebrows and red phoenix eyes are very similar to Guan Yu in the Three Kingdoms period. He was born with noble looks and was called the "Emperor".In the early years, Lu Rongting joined the "Three Points Meeting". "Three Points Meeting" is an alias of "Tiandihui", with the purpose of "anti-Qing and restoring Ming Dynasty", it is called "Hongmen" internally.Later, Lu Rongting was recruited. Once, the host of the "Three O'clock Meeting" asked the members: "Can Emperor Guangxu be killed?" Everyone replied: "Yes!" Then asked: "Can Lu Rongting be killed?" Everyone replied: "Yes!" ⊙Lu Rongting is known as a "sharp shooter", so he pays special attention to cultivating the marksmanship of his juniors.All the children and daughters-in-law are required to come to practice guns. It is stipulated that there will be a gun competition once a week. Those who win the heart will be awarded five yuan. ⊙Lu Yuguang, the son of Lu Rongting, loves dogs. On the way back to his hometown, Lu casually said that the dog was dirty. The governor of Wuming County heard it, and hurriedly led the dog under a small bridge to clean it.Therefore, he was promoted to Dao Yin, known as "Xigou Dao Yin". ⊙Huang Yexing, a general of Lin Hu's subordinate, whenever he was attacking the city, in order to mobilize his men to fight desperately, he often said: "Look! How many pawnshops, enter them and let you make a fortune!" ⊙When Huang Shaohong was in charge of Guangxi, he issued an order to plant 10 paulownia per person per year in the whole province, and listed it as one of the assessment results of the county magistrate.All civil servants in the province must do their best, and a civil servant Tongchang was specially set up in Nanning. ⊙ There are three generals in the Linhu Department of the Gui Army, Huang Yexing, Huang Renhuan, and Wang Dinghua, known as "Sanhuang San", and they are compared to Sanhuang San in medicine shops. They can kill insects and diseases, and they are known as capable of fighting. During the war, Sanhuang was in the Guangxi army but was a Cantonese, and Sanhuang San was changed into "Sanhuang San (scattered San)". ⊙Lu Rongting and Long Jinguang, a warlord in Guangdong, are in-laws.During the War to Protect the Nation, Long Jinguang led an army to fight in Yunnan. When passing through Guangxi, he was detained by Huang Zixin, Lu Rongting's subordinate. Huang showed a written letter to persuade Long's brother, Guangdong General Long Jiguang, to declare independence against Yuan.After Long Jinguang read it, he replied "I agree", Huang Zixin received these four words, thought it meant "only despicable people agree", ordered the beating to start, and stopped after being explained. ⊙At the age of 16, Lu Rongting could not live in his hometown of Wuming because of too many thefts.So, he left for Longzhou, and met Zhang Lazhu, a well-known local habitual thief, and continued to engage in theft. ⊙Lu Rongting once sneaked into the Admiral's Mansion in Guangxi, trying to steal Admiral Su Yuanchun's mount, but was caught by mistake.Su Yuanchun personally interrogated him, and asked: "You brat, why don't you steal someone else's horse, but instead steal the admiral's horse?" Lu replied: "Other people only have one horse. If you steal his horse, there will be no more horses." "Master Admiral has horses to talk about, I stole one, and you still have a lot of horses! The master is boundless, so worrying about a horse, wouldn't it be disrespectful for an adult!" Su Yuanchun didn't expect Lu to be so bold , actually let him go. ⊙After discussing Yuan Shengli, Lu Rongting entertained all the soldiers in his "Bagui Hall".While drinking, he wrote a poem impromptu: "The great army of the Northern Expedition shared their arms, and the flags and flags surged across the Xianghe River. Returning to the first taste of the Republic of China, the Bagui Hall played a triumphant song." ⊙During the Anti-Japanese War, Bai Chongxi, the general staff of the Kuomintang government, hired Qiao Dazhuang, a famous professor and translator, as a counselor, and stated that he did not care about government affairs, but only did some irrelevant entertainment.Once, Bai Chongxi changed a few words in Qiao Dazhuang's manuscript.Qiao Dazhuang immediately met with Bai Chongxi and severely reprimanded him: "Your Excellency is the chief of the general staff, and I am a professor of literature at Central University. Each has his own line. If you can change my writing, I will also change your battle plan, okay?" Bai Chongxi Speechless, I had no choice but to change the changed text back. ⊙In 1946, when Lu Rongting was reported by Shanghai "Guowen Weekly", he said: "In the early days of governing Guangxi, he was honest and gentle. If you don’t ride in a chariot or a horse, you can get close to Tian Fu Ye Lao, all religions and nine streams.” ⊙Guangxi warlord Chen Bingkun and Li Yaohan are in-laws.When Li was governor of Guangdong, he gave Chen two bongs, which are said to be rare.When Chen was about to die, he said to his family: "These two pipes were given by my in-laws, Li Yaohan. They are very expensive. When smoking, they can make various sounds." ⊙When Lu Rongting was a bandit, he specialized in robbing the French army on the Sino-Vietnamese border, rarely embarrassing the common people.And for this reason, three rules were established: do not rob Chinese people, do not rob poor people, and do not rob people near the station. ⊙When Lu Rongting was in charge of Guangxi, a certain French consul only heard that Lu liked dogs, but didn't know that Lu loved to eat dog meat, so he specially sent a high-quality hunting dog.A few days later, the consul saw Lu again and asked if the dog was okay. Lu replied, "Yes, but the skin is a little thicker." ⊙When Lu Rongting was a small official, he went out to suppress bandits once, and the local people avoided him, leaving only a child hiding under the bridge.Seeing this suspicious, Lu shot three times in an attempt to kill the child.But the gun didn't go off. Lu Sui thought that the baby was destined to be rich and rich, so he took him back to the camp. After questioning, he found out that he was an orphan without father and mother. . ⊙Bai Chongxi, known as "Little Zhuge" because of his mysterious and profound strategies in using soldiers, wrote in his life: "Three-Self and Three-House Policy", "Education for the Construction of the National Army", "Military War of Resistance and Political War of Resistance", "Total War and Comprehensive Tactics", "Outline of Guerrilla Warfare", "Evolution of the Warfare of the Enemy and Ourselves in the Anti-Japanese War", "Trends of Modern Army Military Education", etc. ⊙Cen Chunxuan acted vigorously and resolutely during the anti-corruption campaign in Guangdong, chasing after him fiercely.An official named Pei Jingfu was dismissed and supervised for corruption. Unexpectedly, this kid escaped to Macau through other corrupt officials.Cen Chunxuan was furious, and actually sent a warship to Macau. The Portuguese government, which was occupying Macau at that time, had never seen such a Qing Dynasty official dispatched a warship for a small corrupt criminal. He hurriedly surrendered Pei Jingfu and extradited him to Guangdong. Sent to Xinjiang. ⊙When Cen Chunxuan was the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, he impeached more than 1,400 corrupt and mediocre officials.Later, he went to Sichuan to serve as the governor, planning to impeach more than 300 corrupt officials at one time. After only 9 months in Sichuan, he eliminated all the official malpractices accumulated in Sichuan for a long time.Because he impeached a large number of fatuous and greedy officials, he was called the "Tu Guan" by the people at that time, together with Zhang Zhidong "Tu Cai" and Yuan Shikai "Tu Min", he was also called the "Three Big Killers" in the late Qing political circle.
⊙After Lu Rongting became the governor, his brother Chen Bingkun became the chief of the military and political affairs, his brother-in-law Tan Haoming became the guard envoy, and his son was either the division commander or the brigade commander or regimental commander.Even among his relatives, there was a 12-year-old battalion commander and a 15-year-old county magistrate. ⊙People made up a jingle to satirize Lu Rongting's servants: "If it's not a dragon, it's a horse; if it's injustice, it screams; if it's a tour, it's a patrol." "Dragon" refers to Longzhou, and "horse" refers to Maping, which is Liuzhou. "Ping" refers to Guiping, and "Ming" refers to Wuming. "You" refers to the wandering warriors in the green forest, and "Xuan" refers to the officers of the patrol battalion in the Qing Dynasty. ⊙The God Lord Plaque of Yin Wang Fangtian of Sicheng Prefecture and the Patriarch of Cen Chunxuan, Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, were enshrined in the "Ningwu Villa" built by Lu Rongting.Under the tablets of the two benefactors, there is a four and a half-foot bust of Lu Lu, with couplets on both sides saying: "Ning will welcome the officials with all the people, and Wu will take the whole group as our people." ⊙When Yuan Shikai was promoted from interim president to full-fledged president, Lu Rongting ordered the whole province to "raise the flag and fire cannons as a whole", and personally led civil and military officials to congratulate Yuan's inauguration ceremony in the Governor's Mansion.Yuan immediately awarded Lu the title of "Ningwu General". ⊙In 1916, Lu Rongting founded the model camp, with Ma Xiaojun, the only Japanese non-commissioned officer student in Guangxi, as the battalion commander, and recruited almost all army students in Guangxi.Therefore, at that time, someone called it "a little red among the green bushes". "Wanlu" refers to the green forest heroes in the old army (Lu Yuan was born in the green forest), and "One Little Red" refers to this battalion of army students. ⊙Every time Lu Rongting examines military officers, he first invites those who want to be assessed to a banquet, and secretly puts a big paper cannon on the table. The waiter lit the cannon, and suddenly there was a bang, and the person who lost the cup was not selected, and the person who did not change his expression and held the cup would lead his troops and be promoted. ⊙ On June 24, 1966, Li Zongren and Hu Yousong (daughter of Hu Die) registered their marriage in Beijing.This year Li Zongren was 76 years old and Hu Yousong was 27 years old.This marriage between young and old caused a sensation at home and abroad at that time, and You Baoliang and his wife of UNESCO even made a special news film for it. ⊙Lu Rongting's long silkworm eyebrows and red phoenix eyes are very similar to Guan Yu in the Three Kingdoms period. He was born with noble looks and was called the "Emperor".In the early years, Lu Rongting joined the "Three Points Meeting". "Three Points Meeting" is an alias of "Tiandihui", with the purpose of "anti-Qing and restoring Ming Dynasty", it is called "Hongmen" internally.Later, Lu Rongting was recruited. Once, the host of the "Three O'clock Meeting" asked the members: "Can Emperor Guangxu be killed?" Everyone replied: "Yes!" Then asked: "Can Lu Rongting be killed?" Everyone replied: "Yes!" ⊙Lu Rongting is known as a "sharp shooter", so he pays special attention to cultivating the marksmanship of his juniors.All the children and daughters-in-law are required to come to practice guns. It is stipulated that there will be a gun competition once a week. Those who win the heart will be awarded five yuan. ⊙Lu Yuguang, the son of Lu Rongting, loves dogs. On the way back to his hometown, Lu casually said that the dog was dirty. The governor of Wuming County heard it, and hurriedly led the dog under a small bridge to clean it.Therefore, he was promoted to Dao Yin, known as "Xigou Dao Yin". ⊙Huang Yexing, a general of Lin Hu's subordinate, whenever he was attacking the city, in order to mobilize his men to fight desperately, he often said: "Look! How many pawnshops, enter them and let you make a fortune!" ⊙When Huang Shaohong was in charge of Guangxi, he issued an order to plant 10 paulownia per person per year in the whole province, and listed it as one of the assessment results of the county magistrate.All civil servants in the province must do their best, and a civil servant Tongchang was specially set up in Nanning. ⊙ There are three generals in the Linhu Department of the Gui Army, Huang Yexing, Huang Renhuan, and Wang Dinghua, known as "Sanhuang San", and they are compared to Sanhuang San in medicine shops. They can kill insects and diseases, and they are known as capable of fighting. During the war, Sanhuang was in the Guangxi army but was a Cantonese, and Sanhuang San was changed into "Sanhuang San (scattered San)". ⊙Lu Rongting and Long Jinguang, a warlord in Guangdong, are in-laws.During the War to Protect the Nation, Long Jinguang led an army to fight in Yunnan. When passing through Guangxi, he was detained by Huang Zixin, Lu Rongting's subordinate. Huang showed a written letter to persuade Long's brother, Guangdong General Long Jiguang, to declare independence against Yuan.After Long Jinguang read it, he replied "I agree", Huang Zixin received these four words, thought it meant "only despicable people agree", ordered the beating to start, and stopped after being explained. ⊙At the age of 16, Lu Rongting could not live in his hometown of Wuming because of too many thefts.So, he left for Longzhou, and met Zhang Lazhu, a well-known local habitual thief, and continued to engage in theft. ⊙Lu Rongting once sneaked into the Admiral's Mansion in Guangxi, trying to steal Admiral Su Yuanchun's mount, but was caught by mistake.Su Yuanchun personally interrogated him, and asked: "You brat, why don't you steal someone else's horse, but instead steal the admiral's horse?" Lu replied: "Other people only have one horse. If you steal his horse, there will be no more horses." "Master Admiral has horses to talk about, I stole one, and you still have a lot of horses! The master is boundless, so worrying about a horse, wouldn't it be disrespectful for an adult!" Su Yuanchun didn't expect Lu to be so bold , actually let him go. ⊙After discussing Yuan Shengli, Lu Rongting entertained all the soldiers in his "Bagui Hall".While drinking, he wrote a poem impromptu: "The great army of the Northern Expedition shared their arms, and the flags and flags surged across the Xianghe River. Returning to the first taste of the Republic of China, the Bagui Hall played a triumphant song." ⊙During the Anti-Japanese War, Bai Chongxi, the general staff of the Kuomintang government, hired Qiao Dazhuang, a famous professor and translator, as a counselor, and stated that he did not care about government affairs, but only did some irrelevant entertainment.Once, Bai Chongxi changed a few words in Qiao Dazhuang's manuscript.Qiao Dazhuang immediately met with Bai Chongxi and severely reprimanded him: "Your Excellency is the chief of the general staff, and I am a professor of literature at Central University. Each has his own line. If you can change my writing, I will also change your battle plan, okay?" Bai Chongxi Speechless, I had no choice but to change the changed text back. ⊙In 1946, when Lu Rongting was reported by Shanghai "Guowen Weekly", he said: "In the early days of governing Guangxi, he was honest and gentle. If you don’t ride in a chariot or a horse, you can get close to Tian Fu Ye Lao, all religions and nine streams.” ⊙Guangxi warlord Chen Bingkun and Li Yaohan are in-laws.When Li was governor of Guangdong, he gave Chen two bongs, which are said to be rare.When Chen was about to die, he said to his family: "These two pipes were given by my in-laws, Li Yaohan. They are very expensive. When smoking, they can make various sounds." ⊙When Lu Rongting was a bandit, he specialized in robbing the French army on the Sino-Vietnamese border, rarely embarrassing the common people.And for this reason, three rules were established: do not rob Chinese people, do not rob poor people, and do not rob people near the station. ⊙When Lu Rongting was in charge of Guangxi, a certain French consul only heard that Lu liked dogs, but didn't know that Lu loved to eat dog meat, so he specially sent a high-quality hunting dog.A few days later, the consul saw Lu again and asked if the dog was okay. Lu replied, "Yes, but the skin is a little thicker." ⊙When Lu Rongting was a small official, he went out to suppress bandits once, and the local people avoided him, leaving only a child hiding under the bridge.Seeing this suspicious, Lu shot three times in an attempt to kill the child.But the gun didn't go off. Lu Sui thought that the baby was destined to be rich and rich, so he took him back to the camp. After questioning, he found out that he was an orphan without father and mother. . ⊙Bai Chongxi, known as "Little Zhuge" because of his mysterious and profound strategies in using soldiers, wrote in his life: "Three-Self and Three-House Policy", "Education for the Construction of the National Army", "Military War of Resistance and Political War of Resistance", "Total War and Comprehensive Tactics", "Outline of Guerrilla Warfare", "Evolution of the Warfare of the Enemy and Ourselves in the Anti-Japanese War", "Trends of Modern Army Military Education", etc. ⊙Cen Chunxuan acted vigorously and resolutely during the anti-corruption campaign in Guangdong, chasing after him fiercely.An official named Pei Jingfu was dismissed and supervised for corruption. Unexpectedly, this kid escaped to Macau through other corrupt officials.Cen Chunxuan was furious, and actually sent a warship to Macau. The Portuguese government, which was occupying Macau at that time, had never seen such a Qing Dynasty official dispatched a warship for a small corrupt criminal. He hurriedly surrendered Pei Jingfu and extradited him to Guangdong. Sent to Xinjiang. ⊙When Cen Chunxuan was the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, he impeached more than 1,400 corrupt and mediocre officials.Later, he went to Sichuan to serve as the governor, planning to impeach more than 300 corrupt officials at one time. After only 9 months in Sichuan, he eliminated all the official malpractices accumulated in Sichuan for a long time.Because he impeached a large number of fatuous and greedy officials, he was called the "Tu Guan" by the people at that time, together with Zhang Zhidong "Tu Cai" and Yuan Shikai "Tu Min", he was also called the "Three Big Killers" in the late Qing political circle.