Chapter 5 Dancing on Three Eggs: Yan Laoxier's Circle
Yan Xishan has ruled Shanxi for decades since the Revolution of 1911. No matter whether it is Yuan Shikai, the Zhiwan Faction, or Chiang Kai-shek's Nanjing regime, no one can let Yan Xishan move this nest.Therefore, the circle of the Jin family is the purest.
Nicknames: Yan Laoxier, King of Shanxi
Birthplace: Wutai, Shanxi
Year of Birth and Death: 1883～1960
Graduate school: Japan Military Academy
Groups to join: Tongmenghui, Jagged Husband Group
Position: The first governor of Shanxi after the Republic of China, successively served as governor of Shanxi, governor of the province, commander-in-chief of the Northern National Revolutionary Army, director of the Taiyuan Appeasement Office, commander-in-chief of the second war zone, chairman of the Shanxi Provincial Government, president of the National Government Executive Yuan, and the Ministry of National Defense Minister etc.
Main experience: Leading the 1911 Revolution in Shanxi, participating in the Central Plains War, and participating in the Anti-Japanese War
Life Creed: Harmony and integration, both ways
Fu Zuoyi (1895-1974), born in Ronghe, Shanxi Province, was an important general of the Jin Dynasty and a famous city defender. In January 1949, he led an uprising and led to the peaceful liberation of Beijing.After liberation, Fu Zuoyi served as Minister of Water Resources for a long time.
Yang Aiyuan (1886～1959), fellow of Yan Xishan, graduated from Baoding Military Academy.Follow Yan Xishan all his life.
Chen Changjie (1892～1968), born in Minhou, Fujian (now Fuzhou), graduated from Baoding Military Academy.He followed Yan Xishan for a long time and participated in the famous Pingxingguan Battle.
Li Shengda (1890~1936), was born in Jincheng, Shanxi.Graduated from Baoding Military Academy, an important general of the Jinsui Department. On May 30, 1936, he was assassinated in Lishi, Shanxi.
⊙Yan Xishan was admitted to the Shanxi Armed Forces Academy in his early years. In 1904, he went to Japan to study military affairs at public expense. In the second year, he joined the Tongmenghui in Tokyo and became the first batch of members of the Tongmenghui. One of the eighteen members (Huang Yu, Li Liejun, Chiang Kai-shek, Chen Qimei, etc. are all members of the regiment). ⊙When in Shanxi Army Primary School, Fu Zuoyi, Li Fuying, Zhao Chengshou, Wang Jingguo, Li Shengda, Li Shijie, Lu Yinglin, Wang Tingying, Dou Guiwu, Zhu Xizhang, Yao Lixiang, Wu Junying, Fan Gengcan, etc. were valued by the principal Wen Shouquan and were called "Thirteen Taibao". ⊙After Yan Xishan became the governor of the military government, what was hung in front of the military government was not a five-color flag, but a flag with the eight trigrams and Tai Chi pictures.Yan believed that the Revolution of 1911 was the "Tangwu Revolution" born of a real person, so the Tai Chi Eight Diagrams flag should be hung. ⊙During the Revolution of 1911, Yan Xishan revolted in Taiyuan and became the governor of Shanxi. He was 29 years old this year.In the first year of the Republic of China, Yuan Shikai refused to issue a formal appointment order to Yan Xishan on the pretext that Shanxi was not an uprising province. Sun Yat-sen called Yuan Shikai 23 times because of this, saying, "If you do not recognize the uprising province in Shanxi, even if the peace talks between the North and the South break down, you will not hesitate." ⊙When the Beiyang army came under pressure, Yan Xishan sent the governor's seal to others, but no one dared to take it.In desperation, Yan claimed that he would become a monk in Wutai Mountain. Later, when the Qing emperor abdicated and the situation became stable, Yan kept silent about the abdication. ⊙In 1913, Yan Xishan entered Beijing to meet Yuan Shikai.Before the meeting, he said to his entourage: "This time to meet, there are many dangers, and you must be careful to inquire." During the meeting, he was cautious and sweating profusely.After returning, he said to everyone: "Yuan is really scary, with a stern look and a fierce attitude." ⊙In 1913, Yan Xishan took the opportunity of going to Beijing to meet Yuan Shikai and worshiped Duan Qirui as his teacher.Later, Duan Qirui made sure that Yan Xishan became the governor of Shanxi. ⊙Yan Xishan was a member of the alliance, and Yuan Shikai was very worried about him.So Yan sent his father and stepmother to live in Beijing, in the name of showing the old man the outside world. ⊙Yan Xishan once said: "Since the Republic of China, the president, the president, the chairman of the national government, and the warlords of all sizes, I admire and respect only Sun Yat-sen, and there is only one person I fear most, and that is Yuan Shikai." In terms of appearance and appearance, apart from Yuan Weiting (Yuan Shikai), there is no one in China who can beat me." ⊙The battle between Anhui and Anhui started, and Yan Xishan judged that Anhui was victorious and directly defeated, and prepared to send troops to Shijiazhuang to help Anhui.But in less than a week, the Anhui army was defeated.As soon as the news came, Yan retreated the army and sent his subordinate Zhang Cangwu to Baoding to comfort the Zhi army with 500,000 yuan. ⊙In 1930, Chiang Kai-shek said: "In the future, it will not be Wang Jingwei, nor Li Zongren, nor Feng Yuxiang who will compete with Jiang Zhongzheng for the world, but that scheming, treacherous and cunning Yan Laoxier (Yan Xishan)!" ⊙In 1930, Yan Xishan, Wang Jingwei, and Feng Yuxiang convened an enlarged meeting of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang in Beiping, preparing to unite against Chiang and form a new government. It was decided that Yan would be sworn in as chairman at Huairen Hall in Zhongnanhai at 9 am on September 9.But ten days later, the Northeast Army entered the customs and the government was disbanded.People at the time teased: "At 9 am on September 9th in the 19th year of the Republic of China, 'four nine thirty-six', as the saying goes, thirty-six plans are the best plan. How can an enlarged meeting last?" ⊙During the Anti-Japanese War, Yan Xishan flattered Chiang Kai-shek, established the "Anti-Japanese Desperate Column" to cooperate with the Communist Party, and secretly contacted the Japanese army.Yan Xishan said: "I dance on three eggs, and I can't step on any of them." ⊙In June 1938, Yan Xishan held a meeting of senior generals of the Jinsui Army.Yan said to the generals attending the meeting: "This meeting is for everyone to see the end, but if you understand the truth, it can also be called a birthday party." All the generals looked at each other.Yan also said: "Now the number of your troops has been greatly reduced. In three months, you will all be finished, so I will hold a memorial service for you in advance." ⊙In 1949, on the eve of the collapse of the Kuomintang government, Yan Xishan took office as the head of the Executive Yuan. He fled from Guangzhou to Chengdu. His only job every day was to allocate seats on the plane.At that time, hundreds of pseudo-National Congress representatives, legislators, and other ministers, deputy ministers, directors, and other people surrounded him every day to make a fuss, trying to get a seat early and flee to Taiwan. ⊙Chen Changjie, courtesy name Jieshan, was born in Luozhou Town, Fuzhou, and was born in a peasant family in the 23rd year of Emperor Guangxu (1897).Because of the poverty of the family, his mother was hired as a wet nurse, weaned Changjie early, and cruelly abandoned him in the ancestral hall.His older brothers and sisters were really reluctant, so they had to go to the ancestral hall to pick up a young life, and the alias was called "Shishi" from then on. ⊙There are many portraits of great men in Yan Xishan's living room, and Yan will hang up the "portraits of great men" of which side he wants to meet with guests. ⊙Zhao Daiwen is Yan Xishan's chief military adviser, more than ten years older than Yan, Zhao said: "Bochuan (Yan Xishan) and I have decided the status of monarch and minister." ⊙Yan Xishan’s beloved general Yang Aiyuan said: “Working with the chairman (Yan Shi is the chairman of the Comrade Association), first, don’t touch his power, and second, don’t touch his money. He will do whatever he asks you to do, and he won’t let you Don't do anything." ⊙Yan Xishan suspected that his general Li Shengda had been bought by Chiang Kai-shek and had two ambitions, so he sent someone to assassinate Li Shengda and get rid of Li's concubines and children. ⊙In 1930, during the Central Plains War, Feng Yuxiang and Yan Xishan were defeated, and Yan Xishan left Jin and went to the field.Chiang Kai-shek presented Yang Aiyuan, a general of the Yan family, with 900,000 yuan.After Yang received the money, he shared it equally with the Shanxi generals, and sent the receipt to Jiang without saying a word of thanks. ⊙In 1942, Yan Xishan established the Youth Gang organization "Anqing Progressive Committee" and the Hong Gang organization "Progressive Headquarters" in Shanxi, and established Mingde Hall and Progress Hall according to gang regulations, and Yan was the head of the gang.Yan proposed, "The leader is supreme, the mountain owner is supreme, the organization is supreme, and loyalty is the first." Rescue" and other slogans. ⊙Yan Xishan established the "Xinxin Branch" and built a "self-examination hall" that can accommodate 5,000 people.Every Sunday is stipulated as "Heart Washing Day", and all public officials are required to participate.Every time you "wash your heart", you first do ten minutes of silence, and then "wash your heart" with a long lecture. ⊙In 1939, Yan Xishan established the "San San Iron and Blood Group", with 28 founders, and then developed layer by layer.Imitating the typesetting method of "Datong Wuxue" of the Qing Gang, the seniority is arranged according to the words "Iron and Blood Lord Justice".The members of the regiment formed an alliance with blood, pledged allegiance to Yan Xishan, and allegiance to Yan's ideas. ⊙Yan Xishan trained a group of 13 or 14-year-old "servants", and assigned two to each army division commander. The "servant" follows the army commander closely every day, sweeping the floor, pouring tea, accompanying the head to receive guests, and can enter and leave the army commander's bedroom at any time.Every night, write a report on the situation of the day and send it directly to Yan Xishan. ⊙Once, Yan Xishan hosted a banquet in honor of Chiang Kai-shek's general Li Wen and others.After drinking for three rounds, Yan's guards suddenly found that Li Wen and his generals were carrying small pistols, so they stepped forward to take them off.After the banquet, Yan Xishan praised his attendants and said: "It is your greatest dereliction of duty not to notice beforehand; but to make a decisive decision afterwards shows your loyalty to the leader, and you can pay off your merits." ⊙When Yan Xishan was the "Shanxi Emperor", all the railway tracks in the territory were made narrow, and the train wheels could be stretched freely.In this way, trains from Shanxi can go out, but trains from other provinces cannot enter.People at that time called this railway "Yan's Railway". ⊙During the Northern Expedition, due to his meritorious service in defending Zhuoyi, the representative of the Nanjing National Government praised Fu Zuoyi and said: "Master Fu is extremely loyal and brave, and all the soldiers are extremely loyal. Domestic newspapers and even overseas people are all amazed and praised. The small Zhuoyi will be because of Fu Zuoyi Great military exploits, and it is the most famous city in the history of war!" ⊙Yan Xishan said: "Looking at the horoscope, I have the appearance of an emperor. Except for Yuan Xiangcheng (Yuan Shikai), among the great men in China, I am the most expensive." He also said, "German doctors examined me and said that I The lungs are very large, and they can live to be over a hundred years old." ⊙When Yan Xishan went out, he often rode a donkey with five or six people supporting him. When foreigners saw him, they called him "General Donkey".Donkeys are given preferential treatment and are served by special staff.Yan's subordinates had a witty saying: "You are really the president's donkey, enjoy yourself!" ⊙Yan Xishan's name was chosen by his grandfather, a local scholar, Qu Yiquan.It comes from a poem by Yang Zai, a poet of the Yuan Dynasty: "Zhuo Xi, a Taoist, asked about famous mountains, but he did not climb the top of the rock at the end of the road." with life. ⊙When Yan Xishan was young, he "stealed" a silver bracelet from his stepmother. In 1917, when he became governor of Shanxi Province, he apologized to his stepmother when he returned home to visit relatives.The stepmother said: "I knew about this a long time ago, but I didn't say it because I was afraid of losing you. Your grandmother asked me several times, and I always said let it go!" ⊙Yan Xishan was defeated in the Central Plains War and retreated north to Datong.On the way, I saw a warehouse. I just wanted to go in to rest, but was scolded by a fleeing soldier: "Blind dog, didn't you see your master soldier here? Get out!" Yan sighed and said, "Today I will know how powerful Qiu Ba is." !" ⊙During the Honglu training, an official on duty saw Yan Xishan on the stage, and immediately stood up and shouted "support the president" and "respect the president", and all the students echoed.When Yan stepped down from the stage, he shouted "The president is healthy" and "Long live the president" to see him off. ⊙In 1918, Yan Xishan bought 600 Merino sheep from Oceania.At the same time, a model ranch was set up in Taiyuan, the provincial capital, and a sub-farm was set up in southern Shanxi and northern Shanxi.Cultivate fine varieties, multiply them in large quantities, and then promote them to all counties. ⊙In 1923, Fu Zuoyi was promoted to battalion commander.Fu Neng called out the names of the eight hundred soldiers in the battalion, and was familiar with each officer's personality, strengths and weaknesses.Every year and festival, Fu would reward the soldiers with pork, rice dumplings, moon cakes, etc.; when he knew someone was in trouble, he would give money to help.Therefore, the officers and soldiers of the whole battalion were willing to obey his strict requirements. ⊙Before the Anti-Japanese War, Yan Xishan composed the song "Future Hope Song": No mountains and no forests, no fields and no rice; No one is unfair. ⊙Yan Xishan listened to people's words, there is a lot of silver buried in the mansion No. 7, Mutton Hutong, Xisi Pailou, Beijing.So, Yan spent 30,000 yuan to buy the house, and started digging for treasure in August of the same year, but found nothing.Yan Xin was unwilling, so he bought the house No. 8 next door, and continued to dig for treasures, but still hadn't collected any grains.In the end, the silver was not found, and it cost more than one hundred thousand. ⊙In 1912, Yan Xishan announced to the whole province of Shanxi: Men cut off their braids, women let their feet go, and new schools were established.At the beginning, the people found it difficult to adapt, so they made up rhetoric: on the third day, on the thirteenth day, on the twenty-third day, Yan Xishan came out by the river.Yan Xishan picked up the ashes (Jin dialect, Hu tossing, hustle and bustle), cut his braids and stayed in school, and moved to Shentang to set up a school. ⊙Liang Surong asked Yan Xishan what to do after Chiang fled to Taiwan.Yan said: "Children must be born, soil must be plowed deeply, and existence comes first." ⊙Yan Xishan advocates "village-based politics", implements village organization, and pays attention to the selection of village chiefs.He said: The village head is the "soul" of a village. If the village head is good, this village has its soul.The same is true for a county.He repeatedly urged the county magistrates to "choose the village head carefully" and "the village head is the center of gravity of a village, and the village head should pay special attention." ⊙In 1918, Yan Xishan implemented "six policies" and "three affairs" in Shanxi. The "six policies" are: prohibiting braids, prohibiting foot binding, prohibiting drug use, promoting water conservancy, planting trees, and raising sericulture. "Three things": afforestation, cotton planting and animal husbandry. ⊙In 1935, Yan Xishan implemented the resident identity card system in Taiyuan.The identification card is made of cloth and can be divided into four types: square, round, oval, and triangular.Squares are awarded to officials, belonging to good people; circles and ovals are awarded to citizens and students, belonging to second-class good and middle people; triangles represent bad people, and their actions are restricted. ⊙Yan Xishan issued a cloth badge, divided into three levels: general, school, and lieutenant, distinguished by red, yellow, and blue.Yan gave it to people everywhere, and the people in Shanxi sarcastically said: "There are as many red borders as dogs, and the commander walks all over the street." ⊙Yan Xishan said: "Money makes money is a filial son who doesn't care about food." He often issues various banknotes, including "provincial bank notes", "reclamation notes", "railway notes", "salt industry notes" and other notes. There are also "credit coupons", "local goods coupons", "cooperative coupons", "food coupons", "feed coupons", "forage coupons" and other disguised banknotes. ⊙From 1933 to 1937, Yan Xishan built the Tongpu Railway with the banknotes printed and issued by Shanxi itself, so the common people at that time called this railway "Paper Railway". ⊙Yan Xishan said: "To do things is to get people. If you can't find someone who can do something, don't do it. If you find the right person, the job will be done." Things will fail!" ⊙Yan Xishan made his own elegiac couplet before his death: "Avoiding, avoiding, breaking, and transforming are three steps of kung fu; encouragement, continuous, continuous, it is a stroke of merit." , It is not easy to wash off the contamination; if you can hold it, if you can hold it, it is very difficult to climb up." "It is good when it is in the middle; it is good when it is in the middle." ⊙Yan Xishan's will: 1. Keep everything simple and not extravagant; 2. Accept elegiac couplets but not elegiac curtains; 3. Offer flowers and trees without flowers before the funeral; 4. Early funeral is better; 5. Don't cry loudly; Engrave the 100th and 128th paragraphs of your own diary; within seven or seven days, read the "Buxinlu" selected by yourself in the morning and evening. ⊙When Fu Zuoyi was in Baoding Military Academy for one semester, he studied hard, observed discipline, emphasized unity, and respected his teachers.All the infantry's four major courses and shooting, equestrianism, etc., have excellent test scores and were rated as "the first in the school".
⊙Yan Xishan was admitted to the Shanxi Armed Forces Academy in his early years. In 1904, he went to Japan to study military affairs at public expense. In the second year, he joined the Tongmenghui in Tokyo and became the first batch of members of the Tongmenghui. One of the eighteen members (Huang Yu, Li Liejun, Chiang Kai-shek, Chen Qimei, etc. are all members of the regiment). ⊙When in Shanxi Army Primary School, Fu Zuoyi, Li Fuying, Zhao Chengshou, Wang Jingguo, Li Shengda, Li Shijie, Lu Yinglin, Wang Tingying, Dou Guiwu, Zhu Xizhang, Yao Lixiang, Wu Junying, Fan Gengcan, etc. were valued by the principal Wen Shouquan and were called "Thirteen Taibao". ⊙After Yan Xishan became the governor of the military government, what was hung in front of the military government was not a five-color flag, but a flag with the eight trigrams and Tai Chi pictures.Yan believed that the Revolution of 1911 was the "Tangwu Revolution" born of a real person, so the Tai Chi Eight Diagrams flag should be hung. ⊙During the Revolution of 1911, Yan Xishan revolted in Taiyuan and became the governor of Shanxi. He was 29 years old this year.In the first year of the Republic of China, Yuan Shikai refused to issue a formal appointment order to Yan Xishan on the pretext that Shanxi was not an uprising province. Sun Yat-sen called Yuan Shikai 23 times because of this, saying, "If you do not recognize the uprising province in Shanxi, even if the peace talks between the North and the South break down, you will not hesitate." ⊙When the Beiyang army came under pressure, Yan Xishan sent the governor's seal to others, but no one dared to take it.In desperation, Yan claimed that he would become a monk in Wutai Mountain. Later, when the Qing emperor abdicated and the situation became stable, Yan kept silent about the abdication. ⊙In 1913, Yan Xishan entered Beijing to meet Yuan Shikai.Before the meeting, he said to his entourage: "This time to meet, there are many dangers, and you must be careful to inquire." During the meeting, he was cautious and sweating profusely.After returning, he said to everyone: "Yuan is really scary, with a stern look and a fierce attitude." ⊙In 1913, Yan Xishan took the opportunity of going to Beijing to meet Yuan Shikai and worshiped Duan Qirui as his teacher.Later, Duan Qirui made sure that Yan Xishan became the governor of Shanxi. ⊙Yan Xishan was a member of the alliance, and Yuan Shikai was very worried about him.So Yan sent his father and stepmother to live in Beijing, in the name of showing the old man the outside world. ⊙Yan Xishan once said: "Since the Republic of China, the president, the president, the chairman of the national government, and the warlords of all sizes, I admire and respect only Sun Yat-sen, and there is only one person I fear most, and that is Yuan Shikai." In terms of appearance and appearance, apart from Yuan Weiting (Yuan Shikai), there is no one in China who can beat me." ⊙The battle between Anhui and Anhui started, and Yan Xishan judged that Anhui was victorious and directly defeated, and prepared to send troops to Shijiazhuang to help Anhui.But in less than a week, the Anhui army was defeated.As soon as the news came, Yan retreated the army and sent his subordinate Zhang Cangwu to Baoding to comfort the Zhi army with 500,000 yuan. ⊙In 1930, Chiang Kai-shek said: "In the future, it will not be Wang Jingwei, nor Li Zongren, nor Feng Yuxiang who will compete with Jiang Zhongzheng for the world, but that scheming, treacherous and cunning Yan Laoxier (Yan Xishan)!" ⊙In 1930, Yan Xishan, Wang Jingwei, and Feng Yuxiang convened an enlarged meeting of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang in Beiping, preparing to unite against Chiang and form a new government. It was decided that Yan would be sworn in as chairman at Huairen Hall in Zhongnanhai at 9 am on September 9.But ten days later, the Northeast Army entered the customs and the government was disbanded.People at the time teased: "At 9 am on September 9th in the 19th year of the Republic of China, 'four nine thirty-six', as the saying goes, thirty-six plans are the best plan. How can an enlarged meeting last?" ⊙During the Anti-Japanese War, Yan Xishan flattered Chiang Kai-shek, established the "Anti-Japanese Desperate Column" to cooperate with the Communist Party, and secretly contacted the Japanese army.Yan Xishan said: "I dance on three eggs, and I can't step on any of them." ⊙In June 1938, Yan Xishan held a meeting of senior generals of the Jinsui Army.Yan said to the generals attending the meeting: "This meeting is for everyone to see the end, but if you understand the truth, it can also be called a birthday party." All the generals looked at each other.Yan also said: "Now the number of your troops has been greatly reduced. In three months, you will all be finished, so I will hold a memorial service for you in advance." ⊙In 1949, on the eve of the collapse of the Kuomintang government, Yan Xishan took office as the head of the Executive Yuan. He fled from Guangzhou to Chengdu. His only job every day was to allocate seats on the plane.At that time, hundreds of pseudo-National Congress representatives, legislators, and other ministers, deputy ministers, directors, and other people surrounded him every day to make a fuss, trying to get a seat early and flee to Taiwan. ⊙Chen Changjie, courtesy name Jieshan, was born in Luozhou Town, Fuzhou, and was born in a peasant family in the 23rd year of Emperor Guangxu (1897).Because of the poverty of the family, his mother was hired as a wet nurse, weaned Changjie early, and cruelly abandoned him in the ancestral hall.His older brothers and sisters were really reluctant, so they had to go to the ancestral hall to pick up a young life, and the alias was called "Shishi" from then on. ⊙There are many portraits of great men in Yan Xishan's living room, and Yan will hang up the "portraits of great men" of which side he wants to meet with guests. ⊙Zhao Daiwen is Yan Xishan's chief military adviser, more than ten years older than Yan, Zhao said: "Bochuan (Yan Xishan) and I have decided the status of monarch and minister." ⊙Yan Xishan’s beloved general Yang Aiyuan said: “Working with the chairman (Yan Shi is the chairman of the Comrade Association), first, don’t touch his power, and second, don’t touch his money. He will do whatever he asks you to do, and he won’t let you Don't do anything." ⊙Yan Xishan suspected that his general Li Shengda had been bought by Chiang Kai-shek and had two ambitions, so he sent someone to assassinate Li Shengda and get rid of Li's concubines and children. ⊙In 1930, during the Central Plains War, Feng Yuxiang and Yan Xishan were defeated, and Yan Xishan left Jin and went to the field.Chiang Kai-shek presented Yang Aiyuan, a general of the Yan family, with 900,000 yuan.After Yang received the money, he shared it equally with the Shanxi generals, and sent the receipt to Jiang without saying a word of thanks. ⊙In 1942, Yan Xishan established the Youth Gang organization "Anqing Progressive Committee" and the Hong Gang organization "Progressive Headquarters" in Shanxi, and established Mingde Hall and Progress Hall according to gang regulations, and Yan was the head of the gang.Yan proposed, "The leader is supreme, the mountain owner is supreme, the organization is supreme, and loyalty is the first." Rescue" and other slogans. ⊙Yan Xishan established the "Xinxin Branch" and built a "self-examination hall" that can accommodate 5,000 people.Every Sunday is stipulated as "Heart Washing Day", and all public officials are required to participate.Every time you "wash your heart", you first do ten minutes of silence, and then "wash your heart" with a long lecture. ⊙In 1939, Yan Xishan established the "San San Iron and Blood Group", with 28 founders, and then developed layer by layer.Imitating the typesetting method of "Datong Wuxue" of the Qing Gang, the seniority is arranged according to the words "Iron and Blood Lord Justice".The members of the regiment formed an alliance with blood, pledged allegiance to Yan Xishan, and allegiance to Yan's ideas. ⊙Yan Xishan trained a group of 13 or 14-year-old "servants", and assigned two to each army division commander. The "servant" follows the army commander closely every day, sweeping the floor, pouring tea, accompanying the head to receive guests, and can enter and leave the army commander's bedroom at any time.Every night, write a report on the situation of the day and send it directly to Yan Xishan. ⊙Once, Yan Xishan hosted a banquet in honor of Chiang Kai-shek's general Li Wen and others.After drinking for three rounds, Yan's guards suddenly found that Li Wen and his generals were carrying small pistols, so they stepped forward to take them off.After the banquet, Yan Xishan praised his attendants and said: "It is your greatest dereliction of duty not to notice beforehand; but to make a decisive decision afterwards shows your loyalty to the leader, and you can pay off your merits." ⊙When Yan Xishan was the "Shanxi Emperor", all the railway tracks in the territory were made narrow, and the train wheels could be stretched freely.In this way, trains from Shanxi can go out, but trains from other provinces cannot enter.People at that time called this railway "Yan's Railway". ⊙During the Northern Expedition, due to his meritorious service in defending Zhuoyi, the representative of the Nanjing National Government praised Fu Zuoyi and said: "Master Fu is extremely loyal and brave, and all the soldiers are extremely loyal. Domestic newspapers and even overseas people are all amazed and praised. The small Zhuoyi will be because of Fu Zuoyi Great military exploits, and it is the most famous city in the history of war!" ⊙Yan Xishan said: "Looking at the horoscope, I have the appearance of an emperor. Except for Yuan Xiangcheng (Yuan Shikai), among the great men in China, I am the most expensive." He also said, "German doctors examined me and said that I The lungs are very large, and they can live to be over a hundred years old." ⊙When Yan Xishan went out, he often rode a donkey with five or six people supporting him. When foreigners saw him, they called him "General Donkey".Donkeys are given preferential treatment and are served by special staff.Yan's subordinates had a witty saying: "You are really the president's donkey, enjoy yourself!" ⊙Yan Xishan's name was chosen by his grandfather, a local scholar, Qu Yiquan.It comes from a poem by Yang Zai, a poet of the Yuan Dynasty: "Zhuo Xi, a Taoist, asked about famous mountains, but he did not climb the top of the rock at the end of the road." with life. ⊙When Yan Xishan was young, he "stealed" a silver bracelet from his stepmother. In 1917, when he became governor of Shanxi Province, he apologized to his stepmother when he returned home to visit relatives.The stepmother said: "I knew about this a long time ago, but I didn't say it because I was afraid of losing you. Your grandmother asked me several times, and I always said let it go!" ⊙Yan Xishan was defeated in the Central Plains War and retreated north to Datong.On the way, I saw a warehouse. I just wanted to go in to rest, but was scolded by a fleeing soldier: "Blind dog, didn't you see your master soldier here? Get out!" Yan sighed and said, "Today I will know how powerful Qiu Ba is." !" ⊙During the Honglu training, an official on duty saw Yan Xishan on the stage, and immediately stood up and shouted "support the president" and "respect the president", and all the students echoed.When Yan stepped down from the stage, he shouted "The president is healthy" and "Long live the president" to see him off. ⊙In 1918, Yan Xishan bought 600 Merino sheep from Oceania.At the same time, a model ranch was set up in Taiyuan, the provincial capital, and a sub-farm was set up in southern Shanxi and northern Shanxi.Cultivate fine varieties, multiply them in large quantities, and then promote them to all counties. ⊙In 1923, Fu Zuoyi was promoted to battalion commander.Fu Neng called out the names of the eight hundred soldiers in the battalion, and was familiar with each officer's personality, strengths and weaknesses.Every year and festival, Fu would reward the soldiers with pork, rice dumplings, moon cakes, etc.; when he knew someone was in trouble, he would give money to help.Therefore, the officers and soldiers of the whole battalion were willing to obey his strict requirements. ⊙Before the Anti-Japanese War, Yan Xishan composed the song "Future Hope Song": No mountains and no forests, no fields and no rice; No one is unfair. ⊙Yan Xishan listened to people's words, there is a lot of silver buried in the mansion No. 7, Mutton Hutong, Xisi Pailou, Beijing.So, Yan spent 30,000 yuan to buy the house, and started digging for treasure in August of the same year, but found nothing.Yan Xin was unwilling, so he bought the house No. 8 next door, and continued to dig for treasures, but still hadn't collected any grains.In the end, the silver was not found, and it cost more than one hundred thousand. ⊙In 1912, Yan Xishan announced to the whole province of Shanxi: Men cut off their braids, women let their feet go, and new schools were established.At the beginning, the people found it difficult to adapt, so they made up rhetoric: on the third day, on the thirteenth day, on the twenty-third day, Yan Xishan came out by the river.Yan Xishan picked up the ashes (Jin dialect, Hu tossing, hustle and bustle), cut his braids and stayed in school, and moved to Shentang to set up a school. ⊙Liang Surong asked Yan Xishan what to do after Chiang fled to Taiwan.Yan said: "Children must be born, soil must be plowed deeply, and existence comes first." ⊙Yan Xishan advocates "village-based politics", implements village organization, and pays attention to the selection of village chiefs.He said: The village head is the "soul" of a village. If the village head is good, this village has its soul.The same is true for a county.He repeatedly urged the county magistrates to "choose the village head carefully" and "the village head is the center of gravity of a village, and the village head should pay special attention." ⊙In 1918, Yan Xishan implemented "six policies" and "three affairs" in Shanxi. The "six policies" are: prohibiting braids, prohibiting foot binding, prohibiting drug use, promoting water conservancy, planting trees, and raising sericulture. "Three things": afforestation, cotton planting and animal husbandry. ⊙In 1935, Yan Xishan implemented the resident identity card system in Taiyuan.The identification card is made of cloth and can be divided into four types: square, round, oval, and triangular.Squares are awarded to officials, belonging to good people; circles and ovals are awarded to citizens and students, belonging to second-class good and middle people; triangles represent bad people, and their actions are restricted. ⊙Yan Xishan issued a cloth badge, divided into three levels: general, school, and lieutenant, distinguished by red, yellow, and blue.Yan gave it to people everywhere, and the people in Shanxi sarcastically said: "There are as many red borders as dogs, and the commander walks all over the street." ⊙Yan Xishan said: "Money makes money is a filial son who doesn't care about food." He often issues various banknotes, including "provincial bank notes", "reclamation notes", "railway notes", "salt industry notes" and other notes. There are also "credit coupons", "local goods coupons", "cooperative coupons", "food coupons", "feed coupons", "forage coupons" and other disguised banknotes. ⊙From 1933 to 1937, Yan Xishan built the Tongpu Railway with the banknotes printed and issued by Shanxi itself, so the common people at that time called this railway "Paper Railway". ⊙Yan Xishan said: "To do things is to get people. If you can't find someone who can do something, don't do it. If you find the right person, the job will be done." Things will fail!" ⊙Yan Xishan made his own elegiac couplet before his death: "Avoiding, avoiding, breaking, and transforming are three steps of kung fu; encouragement, continuous, continuous, it is a stroke of merit." , It is not easy to wash off the contamination; if you can hold it, if you can hold it, it is very difficult to climb up." "It is good when it is in the middle; it is good when it is in the middle." ⊙Yan Xishan's will: 1. Keep everything simple and not extravagant; 2. Accept elegiac couplets but not elegiac curtains; 3. Offer flowers and trees without flowers before the funeral; 4. Early funeral is better; 5. Don't cry loudly; Engrave the 100th and 128th paragraphs of your own diary; within seven or seven days, read the "Buxinlu" selected by yourself in the morning and evening. ⊙When Fu Zuoyi was in Baoding Military Academy for one semester, he studied hard, observed discipline, emphasized unity, and respected his teachers.All the infantry's four major courses and shooting, equestrianism, etc., have excellent test scores and were rated as "the first in the school".