Chapter 15 Two Pang Xun who was forced to go to Liangshan

Peasant uprisings in China are rare in the world.Both the number and scale are unmatched by other countries.The Huangchao Uprising at the end of Tang Dynasty had an important impact on the peasant uprising of later generations. Quite a few historians in later generations believed that "Tang died in Huangchao".Although the direct cause of the demise of the Tang Dynasty was the Huangchao Uprising, in fact, there were many factors that led to the demise of the Tang Empire.The reasons for the outbreak of the Huangchao Uprising combined many factors and can be summarized into three categories: separatist regimes, eunuch dictatorship, and crony disputes.These three categories have been mentioned separately in the previous chapters.These reasons led to the corruption and darkness of the Tang Dynasty's politics, which in turn caused the people to live in dire straits.The Huangchao uprising was just a fire starter, which stimulated the ground fire formed by various undercurrents in the past, forming a volcano, which directly led to the collapse of Tang Mansion.

However, before Huang Chao, there was an uprising of Guilin guards led by Pang Xun. "New Book of Tang·Nanzhao Biography" said: "Tang died in Huangchao, and the disaster was based in Guilin." From this we can see its far-reaching influence.Why did the trigger for the demise of the Tang Empire not lie in the Central Plains where there are hidden dragons and crouching tigers, but in Guilin, which is located in a corner of the south of the Five Ridges? To talk about the Guilin garrison uprising, first talk about the military system of the Tang Dynasty, because this uprising was related to the military system.

After the founding of the Tang Dynasty, the Fubing system was implemented.Its military system itself has its own particularity, which is quite rare in the history of military systems in ancient China.Regarding this point, we can compare it with the Han Dynasty, which was as sensual as the Tang Dynasty: the Han Dynasty put soldiers in agriculture, and all farmers were soldiers; the Tang Dynasty can only say that all soldiers are farmers, that is to say, every soldier has to farm , but not all farmers have to be soldiers. The Tang Dynasty first surveyed and counted the population of the whole country, and divided them into nine classes according to the economic situation of each family.People of the lower and third classes are not eligible to serve as soldiers, only the upper and middle classes are eligible to serve as soldiers.As compensation, the imperial court will exempt the families of soldiers from rent and adjustment.In this way, serving as a soldier is a symbol of status, so rich people are willing to serve as soldiers, this is Fubing.The government soldiers own their own fields and land, so they don't need money from the court to support the army.So, how was the Fubing system destroyed?

The government soldiers from all over the country have to take turns to stay in the capital for one year. During the reign of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong Li Shimin often taught these government soldiers cavalry and archery in person. The government soldiers felt honored and were willing to contribute to the country.Later, the world was peaceful, and the soldiers in the capital guard had nothing to do, and they were gradually reduced to the hard work of the dignitaries, and were despised by others. Therefore, when the soldiers came to the next round of guards, they tried every means to escape.

Let's talk about the soldiers on the border.The Fubing was originally a three-year generation, but because of frequent border wars, the garrison period was extended.As mentioned earlier, the government soldiers were all wealthy people, and when they arrived at the border, they often carried a lot of silk (silk was used as currency in the Tang Dynasty), which was their pocket money.When the border generals saw the idea of ​​wealth, they tried every means to embezzle the soldiers' property and force the soldiers to serve hard labor.In this way, due to the corruption of the frontier generals and the corruption of the court, no one was willing to be a soldier in the government, and a large number of soldiers in the government fled.This situation happened during the Xuanzong Dynasty, which was the period when the Tang Empire was at its peak.

Under such circumstances, the Tang court had no choice but to stop enlisting government soldiers and began to implement the recruitment system, which was actually mercenaries.At this time, the Tang Empire was rich in financial resources, rich and powerful, and could afford to hire soldiers as soldiers at a high price.The recruited soldiers were given military weapons, clothing and food by the imperial court, and they served in the army for a long time.The vast majority of these recruited soldiers are Fan people.It was the large number of ethnic minority Fan people who were used as soldiers and generals without taking any precautionary measures that caused the subsequent "Anshi Rebellion" to be out of control.

Closer to home, during the reign of Emperor Yizong of the Tang Dynasty, the Xuzhou area was "vigorous in the local conditions and strong in the army", where the martial arts flourished and the people's personalities were relatively strong.At that time, in order to strengthen the southwest frontier defense force, the Tang court dispatched some Xuzhou soldiers (mercenaries) to guard Lingnan, and 800 of them were stationed in Guizhou (now Guilin, Guangxi).At the beginning of the deployment, the imperial court agreed with these Xuzhou soldiers that they would be rotated every three years, that is to say, as long as they stayed in Lingnan for three years, they could return to their hometown of Xuzhou.

Later, the imperial court delayed the rotation due to the high cost of deployment.In the ninth year of Xiantong (868), these Xuzhou soldiers had guarded Guizhou for six years.They missed their hometown and loved ones and wives, so they were naturally deeply dissatisfied with the Tang court.The most exasperating thing is that Yin Kan, the governor of Xuzhou, ignored the rage, and in order to please his superiors, suggested to Cui Yan, Xu Si's observer: "Israel's military funds are empty, and it costs a lot to send troops. Please stay in the garrison for another year." It means that it will cost a lot of money to change the defense, and the court has no military budget now, so it is better to let these Xuzhou soldiers stay in Guizhou for another year.Cui Yan used to be the nephew of Prime Minister Cui Shenyou, with a cruel temperament and a mean person.The Tang court specially appointed the harsh Cui Yanzeng to appease Xu Si because he was afraid that Xuzhou soldiers would be arrogant and difficult to control.Cui Yan followed Yin Kan's suggestion.

After the news reached Guizhou, Xuzhou soldiers were outraged.Among these soldiers, Xu Ji, Marquis of Duyu, Zhao Keli, Yao Zhou, and Zhang Xingshi from the military academy were formerly well-known gangsters near Xuzhou. Because the local government was unable to conquer them, they were recruited out of the mountains to serve in the army.These people used to be thieves and had a fierce style, so they were naturally even more angry.Just at this time, Li Cong, the observation envoy of Guiguan, was transferred to Hunan, and the new observation envoy had not yet arrived.These Xuzhou soldiers felt even more abandoned by the court.In the autumn and July of the ninth year of Xiantong (868), Xu Ji and others went to see the general Wang Zhongfu for a theory.Not only was Wang Zhongfu not appeased, but he also reprimanded everyone arrogantly.Xu Ji and others were so angry that they rushed forward and killed Wang Zhongfu.

Now that things got serious, Xu Ji and the others didn't know what to do, so they elected Pang Xun, the grain judge whom Su was convinced, as the general.Seeing that everyone had killed Wang Zhongfu, Pang Xun couldn't stay out of the matter. Besides, he also longed to return to his hometown Xuzhou as soon as possible, so he was forced to go to Liangshan and became the leader of Xuzhou soldiers.Pang Xun led the crowd into the Supervisory Academy, seized the armor, armed himself and returned north in a team, intending to go back to his hometown in Xuzhou by himself. Things haven't gotten any worse yet.It's just a group of soldiers who have been away from their hometown for six years, eager to return to their hometown and reunite with their loved ones.However, because of their anger, these Xuzhou soldiers looted everywhere they passed.Because they are all professional soldiers and well-trained, local states and counties have nothing to do with them.After hearing the news, the Tang court sent the eunuch Zhang Jingsi to appease the Xuzhou soldiers, saying that they would not pursue the previous matter, and they would be sent back to Xuzhou at the government's expense, so the Xuzhou soldiers stopped looting along the way.

At this point, the matter should have been resolved, and everyone is happy.However, when the Xuzhou soldiers arrived in Hunan, the eunuch and supervisor tricked them into surrendering all their weapons.Cui Xuan, the governor of Shannan Dongdao, sent troops to strictly guard the key points. Under such circumstances, Pang Xun discussed with Xu Ji and others: They believed that the imperial court pardoned them because they were afraid that they would attack and rob places along the way, and that they would disperse into the mountains and become bandits. Once they returned to Xuzhou, what awaited them would be The net has already been set.The Xuzhou soldiers were afraid and did not dare to continue going north, so they took a boat and went east along the Yangtze River.Along the way, in order to guard against a sudden attack by the imperial court, everyone took out their own money to build weapons. At this time, Xuzhou soldiers still had no intention of rebelling.Pang Xun even sent people to send complaints to Cui Yanzeng, Xu Si's observation envoy many times. The messengers followed one another, and the words of the complaints were quite respectful.However, Cui Yan once did not respond, which probably has something to do with his harsh personality.These Xuzhou soldiers turned out to be his subordinates. When something like this happened, he felt that his face was dishonored, and he must get rid of these Xuzhou soldiers quickly.With Cui Yan's attitude, the court couldn't know more about the truth. Naturally, it was impossible to get Pang Xun's complaint, let alone appease these Xuzhou soldiers who just wanted to return to their hometown as soon as possible. Things have come to this point, Pang Xun and others obviously have no way out.After crossing the Huaihe River, Pang Xun declared to the Xuzhou soldiers: "We came back without authorization, but because we missed our wives and children and wanted to see them day and night. I heard that the emperor's secret order has arrived in Xuzhou. Once we return to Xuzhou , will be dismembered and exterminated. Instead of throwing oneself into a trap and being laughed at by the world, it is better for everyone to work together and go through fire and water to do a great cause. This will not only get rid of disasters, but also seek wealth! What's more, the soldiers in Xuzhou City are all Our fathers, brothers and sons, if we shout outside, they will definitely respond inside the city." After hearing this, everyone cheered and clapped their hands in applause. Thus, a great uprising broke out that should not have happened. Of the Xuzhou soldiers, there were only twelve soldiers including Zhao Wu who did not want to participate in the uprising and attempted to escape, but were beheaded by Pang Xun.Immediately, Pang Xun sent someone to send the heads of Zhao Wu and others to Cui Yanzeng, and then submitted a complaint, claiming that they were cheated by Zhao Wu and others.Not long after, Pang Xun appealed again, requesting that Yin Kan, the governor of Xuzhou, should be suspended from his post, and then those soldiers who had returned from Guizhou should be "separated from the second battalion and made into one general".This shows that Pang Xun's uprising still wanted to protect himself. Deep in his heart, he still hoped that he could return to Xuzhou safely and that everyone would live in harmony.Due to the limited communication conditions at that time, it was impossible for the Tang court to know the situation in time, so at this time, the attitude of Cui Yanzeng, Xu Si's observer, was very important, and peace and war were actually in his mind. Cui Yan once called his subordinates to discuss, and all the generals felt that what happened to the soldiers under Xuzhou's rule was quite embarrassing, and they all cried and shouted to fight to the death with Pang Xunyi's army.Of course Cui Yanzeng knew that his decision would affect the fate of many people, so he still hesitated, because he could see that Pang Xun and others had no intention of rebelling against the court. At this time, Wen Tinghao, the judge of the Xu Si regiment, stood up and said something generously.He first pointed out the reasons for Cui Yan's hesitation: "At present, there are three major difficulties in attacking the soldiers of Guizhou: the emperor has issued an edict to release the soldiers from the crime, and we cannot fight against them without authorization. This is the first major difficulty. These soldiers of Guizhou The relatives of the pawns are all in Xuzhou City, and we lead the father and brother of the pawns to fight against their children. Human relations are hard to break. This is the second most difficult problem. The crimes committed by the pawns involve many and complicated branches. There must be a lot of executions, and this is the third biggest difficulty." At first, all the generals thought that Wen Tinghao was going to side with Pang Xun and other Xuzhou soldiers, but unexpectedly he changed the subject and listed the five major harms if Pang Xun was not attacked. This prompted Cui Yanzeng to make up his mind. At that time, there were only 4,300 soldiers in Xuzhou City. Cui Yan once sent 3,000 soldiers from Duyu Yuanmi to reject Pang Xun. set).Pang Xunyi's army arrived at Fuli immediately, and the two armies fought fiercely on the Sui River.Both sides are well-trained troops, and there are many people in the opposing army who are relatives or friends or acquaintances.Of course, Pang Xunyi's army was unable to return home at this time, which was the time when righteous indignation and courage doubled.Meeting on a narrow road, the brave wins. As a result of the battle, Tang Guanjun was defeated and fled. Pang Xun then returned to attack Suzhou.At that time, Suzhou was short of governors, and Jiao Lu, the deputy envoy of observation, was in charge of state affairs. After being transferred to Fuli, Suzhou's army was defeated. There were no more troops in the city, and it was already an empty city.Jiao Lu fled Suzhou in a panic and escaped death.Pang Xun gathered all the goods in the city together and let the common people come and pick them up at will. "In one day, four distant places gather".Then Pang Xun selected Ding Zhuang from among them to join the army. "From dawn to dusk, there are thousands of people", and the uprising team expanded rapidly.Pang Xun divided his troops to defend the city, claiming that the soldiers and horses stayed behind. Two days later, Yuan Mi, Marquis of Duyu, led Tang officials to besiege Suzhou.The officers and soldiers camped outside the city.Pang Xun fired rockets at the huts outside the city, and the fire spread to the camps of the officers and soldiers.Pang Xun's army suddenly rushed out of the city, attacked the officers and soldiers, killed 300 people, and then calmly returned to Suzhou City.That night, the people in the city assisted in defending the city, and the women beat the watch with drums.Pang Xun collected 300 large ships in Suzhou City in advance, filled them with grain, and sailed down the river.Yuan Mi thought that Pang Xunyi's army would stick to Suzhou and be defenseless. After dawn the next day, the officers and soldiers realized that Pang Xun had broken out of the siege, and chased after him in a panic. They didn't even eat breakfast, and everyone was very hungry.At this time, Pang Xun's boats were suddenly found lined up under the embankment, and several groups of rebel troops on the shore hid in the embankment when they saw the official army coming.Yuan Mi thought that Pang Xun was shrinking before the battle, so he drove his troops to attack.Unexpectedly, Pang Xun's army fought out from the boat all the way, and from the embankment slope all the way, attacking from two sides. From noon to evening, the officers and troops were defeated.Yuan Mi led his troops back and fell into Heze. Pang Xun's army chased him. Yuan Mi and other generals died in the rebellion. About a thousand officers and soldiers died. When Cui Yan heard the news of Yuan Mi's defeat, he was shocked, and hurriedly wrote to his neighbors to send troops to rescue him.Then he ordered the gates of the city to be closed tightly, and Ding Zhuang in the city was selected to join the army to defend the city.There was panic inside and outside the city of Xuzhou. People generally sympathized with Pang Xunyi's army. No one wanted to stand firm in the city and wanted to escape.Cui Yan's subordinates persuaded him to go to Yanzhou, but Cui Yan had some backbone and said angrily: "As a marshal, if the city is captured, I will die. It is my duty to defend the city." He beheaded the person who persuaded him to flee. Pang Xun inquired about the soldiers and learned that Xuzhou was empty, so he immediately led his troops across the Sui River to the north to attack Xuzhou.At this time, the rebel army already had six or seven thousand people, beating drums and making a lot of noise, and the sound shook the sky and the earth.Pang Xunjun comforted the residents outside the city without disturbing them, so people rushed to join him.The rebels captured Xuzhou City almost effortlessly.Cui Yan was captured and imprisoned in Dapeng Pavilion.The people who were very angry with Duya Yin Kan, the coach Du Zhang, the soldier Xu Xingjian and others were all killed.On that day, more than 10,000 people in the city were willing to join Pang Xun's army.When the people in the nearby states heard that Pang Xun was recruiting the army, they rushed to join the army. Even fathers gave away their sons, wives encouraged their husbands, and farmers sharpened their hoes and carried them as weapons to apply for the army.The number of rebels surged to more than 100,000.Pang Xun became famous. Wen Tinghao, a trainee judge of the Xu Si regiment who once advocated the extermination of the rebel army, was summoned by Pang Xun and asked him to draft a form to the court.Wen Tinghao said: "This matter is of great importance. It cannot be completed in an instant. Please let me go home and draft slowly." Pang Xun allowed him to go home and write.The next morning, Pang Xun sent someone to Wen Tinghao's house to pick up the form.Wen Tinghao came to see Pang Xun empty-handed and said: "Yesterday, I didn't immediately refuse to draft the form. I wanted to go home and see my wife and son. I have said goodbye to my wife and children today, and now I am here to die." Pang Xun glanced at Wen Tinghao, He smiled and said: "Scholars who dare to contradict me are not afraid of death! I, Pang Xun, can attack Xuzhou, so why am I afraid that I can't find someone to draft a letter for me!" He did not kill Wen Tinghao, but released him. After Pang Xun raised his troops, a series of military commands were quite beautiful, and taking Xuzhou was like picking something out of a bag.But Pang Xun did not have the essence of an ambitious man. The reason he first confronted the court was to return to his hometown. Now that he finally returned to Xuzhou, he was satisfied with his goal achieved.It's just that his current status is on the opposite side of the imperial court, so Pang Xun hopes to gain the sympathy and understanding of the imperial court, and it is best to let him be the governor of Xuzhou.This is also the purpose for him to ask Wen Tinghao to draft a memorial to the imperial court.It was this unsteady will that became the root cause of his future failures.His desire to recruit peace was maximized by the enemy. After that, in order to defend Xuzhou, Pang Xun did make a series of efforts. He sent troops to capture Haozhou (zhizhongli, northwest of Fengyang County, Anhui today), Chuzhou (zhiqingliu, now Chuxian County, Anhui), and State (governing Liyang, now Anhui and County).More than 10,000 people were also mobilized to besiege Sizhou, which is "the center of Dangjiang and Huaihe".Apparently, Pang Xun has always been trapped around Xuzhou, and has no intention of taking over the world.Therefore, from the beginning to the end, the rebel army always had only one base in Xuzhou.In this way, once surrounded, there is no food and grass inside, and no reinforcements outside, the result of being trapped can only sit and wait to die. For the Tang court, Sizhou is the key point of the Jianghuai River, which is related to the water transportation of the Jianghuai River.If Sizhou is controlled by the rebels, the economic lifeline of the Tang court will be cut off.The Tang court was terrified, and began a large-scale dispatch of troops: Kang Chengxun was appointed as the envoy of Yicheng Jiedu (that is, Xuzhou Jiedu envoy), Xuzhou camp recruit envoy, Wang Yanquan as Xuzhou north camp recruit envoy, Dai Keshi as the envoy In the south of Xuzhou, they camped to recruit envoys, and led various Taoist troops, Shatuo, Tuyuhun and other tribes to suppress the uprising army. Because the transfer of officers and troops was time-consuming and laborious, Dai Ke's division led 30,000 soldiers to urgently reinforce Sizhou. At that time, Duliang City in the southeast of Sizhou (now southeast of Xuyi County, Jiangsu Province) had been controlled by the rebels.As soon as Dai Ke's army came up, they violently besieged Duliang City, and Pang Xunyi's army quietly withdrew in the middle of the night.The next day, Dai Ke's army entered Duliang City, only to find that it was just an empty city.Dai Keshi felt that the rebels were timid and fled without fighting, so he was very proud.At this time, a heavy fog fell from the sky, and people's faces could not be seen clearly.Tens of thousands of rebel troops suddenly re-entered, the official army was defeated, Dai Keshi and the supervisor (eunuch) were killed, only a few hundred of the 30,000 official army escaped by chance, and all equipment, supplies, vehicles and horses were lost. At this time, the momentum of the rebel army was so great that Huainan was shaken.The treacherous and cunning Huainan Jiedu envoy Linghu Wei (son of Linghu Chu, old friend of Li Shangyin) was afraid that the rebel army would enter his territory, so he came up with a plan to slow down the troops, and sent someone to express to Pang Xun that he would like to invite the Xuzhou Jiedu envoy to the imperial court on his behalf. .The original intention of Pang Xun and others to raise troops was just to return home, so deep down in their hearts there was always a mentality to be appeased by the court at an appropriate time.He also didn't want to make things worse, and felt that being a Xuzhou Jiedushi was quite enough, so he stopped marching and waited for news from Linghuchen.Because Pang Xun and others had illusions about the imperial court, they lost their opportunity and gradually changed from active to passive, and the situation became increasingly unfavorable. At this time, the Bian River had been cut off by the rebels, and Pang Xun took advantage of the victory to encircle Shouzhou (Zhishouchun, now Shouxian County, Anhui).Because "Jianghuai exchanges all come out of Shouzhou", Shouzhou is rich in mountains, and all kinds of contributions and merchants' goods are hoarded here.In front of the huge material, Pang Xun was intoxicated.In addition, he was invincible in the previous battles with the officers and soldiers, and he thought he was invincible in the world, so he began to enjoy it, "daily affairs and banquets". After the entire army of Dai Ke was annihilated, the Tang court re-deployed, and changed Cao Xiang, the envoy of Yanhai Jiedu, as the recruit envoy to the north of Xuzhou.Wei Bo Jiedu envoy He Quanzhen also dispatched Wei Bo General Xue You to lead 13,000 troops to Xuzhou to help in the battle.Cao Xiang and Xue You cooperated with each other and adopted pocket tactics to gradually shrink eastward to the outskirts of Xuzhou.In addition, the main force of the 70,000 official army led by Kang Chengxun, the governor of Xuzhou, and the 3,000 cavalry led by Shatuo Chief Zhu Xie Chixin were among the officers who surrounded Xuzhou. At this time, the rebel army also began to divide.Pang Xun's general Meng Jingwen guarded Fengxian County. Because of the large number of troops under his command and his strength, he became dissatisfied and secretly made prophecies.At that time, General Xue You of Wei Bo attacked Feng County, and Pang Xun sent his confidant generals to lead 3,000 people to reinforce Meng Jingwen.Meng Jingwen met with the reinforcements to attack the official army, and the reinforcements took the lead as the vanguard.As a result, when Pang Xun's new reinforcements fought with the official army, Meng Jingwen quietly led the troops away, causing Pang Xun's new reinforcements to be wiped out.When Pang Xun found out, he was furious and pretended to let Meng Jingwen guard Xuzhou. Meng Jingwen rushed to Xuzhou very happily, but was killed by soldiers who had ambushed in advance by Pang Xun. Pang Xun lost his composure when he saw the army of officers and soldiers pressing down on the border, so he first sent general Wang Hongli with a main force of 30,000 to resist the army.Wang Hongli had a bad start, and was flanked by Shatuo's fine cavalry and Kang Chengxun's army, and his entire army was wiped out.Wang Hongli fled back alone. Kang Chengxun then led his army to approach Liuzi, which was in a difficult position, and confronted Yao Zhou, the Liuzi defender of the rebel army.Yao Zhou was brave and resourceful, and the two sides fought dozens of times in a month, each winning or losing.Just when the wind was blowing, the officers and soldiers took advantage of the situation and set fire on all sides. Yao Zhou had to abandon the camp and flee.Shatuo's army invited elite cavalry to attack halfway, and slaughtered the rebels. From Liuzi to Fangcheng, dead bodies were everywhere.In this war, Shatuo Zhuxie Chixin played an extremely important role, and even once rescued the Tang Dynasty commander who was surrounded by rebels. Yao Zhou, the general of the rebel army, rushed out of the siege, and only led dozens of people under his command to go south to Suzhou.However, Liang Piping, the Suzhou guard of the rebel army, had a personal grudge against Yao Zhou. He first opened the city gate to let Yao Zhou in, and then killed Yao Zhou.When Pang Xun found out, he blamed Liang Pi for killing Yao Zhou without authorization, and dismissed Liang Pi.At this time, Pang Xun made another mistake and reassigned Zhang Xuanren, an old Xuzhou general, to act as the agent of Suzhou. By the way, when the official army and the rebel army were fighting to the death, Tang Yizong was marrying his precious daughter, Princess Tongchang.For the affairs of Princess Tongchang, see the article "The Death of Hou Changye". After several setbacks in the past, Pang Xun realized that the court recruiting he had been looking forward to was impossible, so he accepted the advice of his counselor Zhou Zhong, and killed Cui Yanzeng, the observer of Xu Si, and Zhang Daojin, the supervisor of Xuzhou. The determination to be at odds with the Tang court.The reason why he did not kill Cui Yanzeng and other captured generals before was to leave a way for Zhao An. In order to avoid fighting on two fronts, Pang Xun planned to deal with the troops of Cao Xiang and Wei Bo General Xue You in the north of Xuzhou first, so as to relieve the threat from the northwest.Pang Xun left his father Pang Juzhi and general Xu Ji to stay in Xuzhou, and he personally led the army to attack the Wei Bo army that surrounded Feng County.Pang Xun came to Feng County in the middle of the night, and Wei Bo's army didn't notice it.At that time, Wei Bo's army was divided into five camps, and one camp near Fengcheng had thousands of people.Pang Xun surrounded the camp with his troops.The other four villages of Wei Bo heard the news and rushed to rescue. Pang Xun had already set up an ambush on the main road, and the reinforcements from the four routes were all killed and retreated, and each returned to the village.That night, Pang Xun saw that the besieged camp was difficult to conquer for a while, so he broke away from the siege and left.The strange thing is that Wei Bo's army was agitated and terrified because of this, and when they heard that Pang Xun personally led the troops, they were all terrified, so they collapsed without fighting, and fled in the dark.What's even more bizarre is that the other four camps also fled at night. At this time, Cao Xiang, the recruiter in the north of Xuzhou, was besieging Teng County. Hearing that Wei Bo's army had been defeated, he was terrified and dared not continue fighting, so he led his army to retreat to Yanzhou. So far, the threat to the northwestern direction of the rebel army has been completely lifted.Pang Xun then led his troops south to Liuzizhai, preparing for a decisive battle with the main force of Kang Chengxun's army stationed here.In order to win the war, Pang Xun made a detailed battle plan in advance.Unexpectedly, the Huainan captives in Pang Xun's army fled to the officer's side and revealed the battle plan to Kang Chengxun.Kang Chengxun was able to make preparations in advance, gather horses and horses, set up an ambush and wait.The result can be imagined, the rebel army fell into the siege of the government army, lost tens of thousands of people, and the corpses were scattered for more than ten miles.Pang Xun took off his armor and fled in short clothes. He collected 3,000 scattered soldiers and retreated into Xuzhou. When Pang Xun first raised his army, Zheng Yi, a local tyrant in Xiapi (northwest of Suining County, Jiangsu Province today), gathered 3,000 people and prepared his own food and equipment to warmly respond to the rebel army.Seeing that Pang Xun was defeated at this time, Zheng Yi immediately surrendered to the officers and soldiers in Xiapi.Li Gun, a local tyrant in Qixian County (now south of Suxian County, Anhui Province), also killed the defender of the rebel army, and surrendered the city to Tang Dynasty.Zhu Jiu, the general of Peixian County, took advantage of Li, the defender of the rebel army, to go straight to Pengcheng to discuss matters, and surrendered the city to Tang Dynasty.Suzhou defender Zhang Xuanren killed the rebel general Zhang Ru and others, opened the city gate and descended to Tang Dynasty.There are 30,000 elite soldiers in the city of Suzhou, and Kang Chengxun is accompanied by hundreds of elite cavalry, heading straight for Fuli.Fu Li's defenders didn't know that Zhang Xuanren had rebelled, so they opened the door to accept, but Zhang Xuanren successfully captured Fu Li. After Pang Xun suffered a series of failures, he led his troops westward to attack Songzhou (the state governed Songcheng, south of Shangqiu County, Henan Province) and Bozhou (the state governed Qiao County, present-day Bo County, Anhui), intending to attract the officers and troops to move westward to relieve Xuzhou. around.In September of the tenth year of Xiantong (869), Pang Xun led a rebel army of 20,000 to go west, attacked the southern city of Songzhou, crossed Bian River, and attacked Bozhou in the south.Kang Chengxun led 80,000 cavalry, and Zhu Xiechi from the Shatuo tribe led thousands of cavalry as the forward, chasing Pang Xun in Bozhou.The rebel army was defeated, the entire army was wiped out, and only a thousand people survived. Pang Xun also died in this battle. Before Pang Xun's army was defeated, Zhang Xuanren entered Xuzhou, and Cui Yanzeng's old men went to Kaesong to meet the army. Pang Juzhi, Xu Ji and other rebel generals were all killed.The officers and soldiers vigorously rounded up the relatives of the guards in Guizhou, and thousands of people were implicated and killed.The once vigorous Guilin garrison uprising failed like this. It can be seen that the Guilin Uprising happened when Pang Xun and others had no choice but to survive.This is what is often said in history.Water can carry a boat, but it can also overturn it. The descendants of Tang Taizong did not abide by the experience for a long time. In the end, the torrential water of the people can only overthrow the dynasty. Finally, it should be emphasized that the Pang Xun Uprising was an alliance between mercenaries and peasants. Although this alliance was temporary and Pang Xun's army ended in failure, it had a profound impact on the situation in the Tang Dynasty. The victory is only a prelude to the next bigger failure.The Pang Xun uprising opened the prelude to the peasant uprising at the end of the Tang Dynasty. Not long after, the Wang Xianzhi and Huang Chao uprising broke out.Pang Xun's remnants, who lived scattered "between Yan, Yun, Qing, and Qi", joined Wang Xianzhi and Huang Chao's team again. It will be seen later that the reason why Huang Chao was able to successfully enter Chang'an was because he roamed around a large area of ​​the country and fought mobilely. After entering Chang'an, he also had the same mentality to stick to a corner as Pang Xun got Xuzhou.From a military point of view, the failures of the two have similarities.