Chapter 243 242. Oath to the Northern Expedition

When the northern warlords were fighting each other, the revolutionary forces in the south underwent a very important change.During the second Eastern Expedition, Jiang Zhongzheng deeply realized that without a strong revolutionary force, it is impossible to implement the revolutionary ambitions, so he advocated: "We must unify Guangdong and Guangxi within one year, and unify China within three years." In January of the 15th year of the Republic of China, Jiang Zhongzheng presented a military report at the Second National Congress of the Kuomintang: "The current National Revolutionary Army is completely under the jurisdiction of the government. It can be mobilized with an order. The number of soldiers is 85,000. The soldiers' salaries have a certain budget, and the lives of the soldiers have improved compared with before. There is also a military academy. There are more than 6,000 army students, which is equivalent to the number of a division. If we use this spirit to actively rectify, it will not be difficult for our party to unify China.”

Jiang Zhongzheng expressed his wish for the Northern Expedition to the students of the Whampoa Military Academy: "The Northern Expedition was not completed, which was the lifelong regret of the father of the country; and this was entrusted to Zhongzheng, so since returning to the province, he has tried his best to advocate it. Zhongzheng believes that no matter what you do, you can abandon your prejudices, but this Northern Expedition issue. If you don't carry out your ideas, it will be the sacrifice of the former comrades. , are all meaningless actions." On April 3, 2015, Chiang Kai-shek appealed to the national government to decide on the plan for the Northern Expedition as soon as possible:

"Since the national army withdrew from Beijing and Tianjin in the north, the changes in China's situation have been rapid and important, not comparable to the dull and easy state of the past. If the Feng army occupies Beijing and Tianjin, Japan's power in China will become more stable. Wu Peifu in The power of Hubei and Henan, the British will try their best to help them. Sun Chuanfang is entrenched in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and the British will force Sun to join forces with Wu...France hates the revival of Soviet and Russian forces in China, so it is urgent to make a joint front with Britain and Japan. Dian assisted Tang (Jiyao) to contain Guangdong's Northern Expedition. In short, after the big powers are in China, after disposing of the Northern National Army, they will definitely divert their attention and focus on the Guangdong and Guangxi base areas. Within one month to half a year."

On the 30th of the same month, I personally submitted a proposal to the Central Executive Committee and the Supervisory Committee to discuss the plan for the Northern Expedition.The main principles here are roughly: "The balance of power in China has changed. Feng Yuxiang's national army, which is fighting with Feng Yuxiang's warlord Zhang Zuolin, has withdrawn from Beijing and retreated to Pingsui Road. It is expected that Japan will give Zhang Zuolin financial and military assistance to destroy Feng Yuxiang's people. At the same time, both Britain and Japan may support the warlord Wu Peifu to attack the National Revolutionary Army in Guangdong. Tang Jiyao, a warlord in Yunnan, will also accept foreign aid and send troops to obstruct the Northern Expedition. Under this situation, the Kuomintang’s legitimate strategy In order to obtain Feng Yuxiang's cooperation, he persuaded him to retreat to the northwest and unite with the Jin army of Yan Xishan in Shanxi to contain the Feng faction warlord Zhang Zuolin's southward expansion. At the same time, he won the local troops in Guizhou and Sichuan to prevent Tang Jiyao from obstructing the Northern Expedition. We should also actively win over Hunan Tang Shengzhi's army and Jiangxi local troops to join the camp of the National Revolutionary Army. In particular, we should try to neutralize Sun Chuanfang, the warlord who occupies the five provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui, and Fujian. If all the above tasks have been completed, The preparations for the National Revolutionary Army should be completed within three months. I firmly believe that the Northern Expedition Army will be able to quickly occupy Wuhan and completely eliminate the first obstacle to the National Revolution, the Zhili Warlord Wu Peifu's forces."

On June 5th, 15th year of the Republic of China, the national government specially appointed Jiang Zhongzheng as the commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army and the chairman of the Military Commission, commanding the army, navy and air force. On July 1, as the chairman of the Military Committee, he issued a mobilization order for the Northern Expedition: "This army inherits the will of the Generalissimo. If we want to implement the revolutionary ideas and protect the interests of the people, we must first defeat all warlords and eliminate reactionary forces before we can implement the Three People's Principles and complete the national revolution. Gather the army, first establish Sanxiang, restore Wuhan, and then Join forces with our friendly National Army in order to unify China and rejuvenate the nation. In addition to the Fourth and Seventh Armies starting first and coordinating with the Eighth Army to move forward, Zite will be the first, second, third, fifth, and sixth All armies advance and concentrate on planning various charts, issue them with orders, and follow them immediately. This order."

On July 9, Jiang Zhongzheng took office as the commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army. At the inauguration ceremony, Tan Yankai, chairman of the National Government Committee, awarded the seal, Wu Jingheng, a representative of the Central Party Committee, presented the flag, and Sun Ke, a member of the National Government, presented the portrait of Sun Yat-sen. The Northern Expedition Pledge is a solemn and majestic epic: "My soldiers! Listen to Er Suer, the people are suffering, and the fire is deep. The bandits and warlords are the minions of the tigers, and the imperialists use the owls to gain power. The army promotes the division, saves the country and the people, and the prime minister's death is as bright as the sun. Rebels and fierce chieftains, restore my equality and give me back my freedom. Sigh on my soldiers! For the people, advance and never retreat: loyal to the country. Practicing doctrine, sacrificing the individual, loyal heart and blood, revolutionary spirit. Sigh on my soldiers, one heart, one heart, Don't forget shame, don't be afraid of hardships, don't hesitate to die, don't steal your life. A heroic death is more honorable than stealing a life. I am a soldier! Protect this country. With the law, you can win. Life is selfish, discipline is public, life is light, orders are important, I am a soldier! United to the end, love each other. Don't be afraid of strong enemies, don't belittle clowns, unite as one, stand together through thick and thin. I will not kill thieves If I don't sacrifice, the country will perish. If I don't bleed, the people will have no peace. If the country perishes, which one will survive? If the people are not at peace, who will I live? Loyalty, the Three Principles of the People, the soul of the revolution. Believe me, soldiers! If you share the same hatred, if the revolution fails, you will be ashamed. It is up to today, those who do not follow suit, the military law is selfless."

From this day on, the majestic singing of "Down with the great powers! Get rid of the warlords! The national revolution is successful!", along with the fury of the battle, resounded throughout the country. The National Revolutionary Army unified the military system. As early as the 14th year of the Republic of China, five armies from the First Army to the Fifth Army were established. Later, Cheng Qian's troops were reorganized into the Sixth Army. After the unification of Guangdong and Guangxi in the spring of 15 years, the Guangxi Army was organized into the Seventh Army . In May, Tang Shengzhi joined forces and changed his department to the Eighth Army.

The list of troops and commanders of each army is as follows: He Yingqin, commander of the First Army. Wang Boling, the commander of the First Division, governed the three regiments of Sun Yuanliang, Ni Bi and Xue Yue. Liu Zhi, the commander of the Second Division, has three regiments under the jurisdiction of Chen Chengji, Jiang Dingwen, and Hui Dongsheng. Tan Shuqing, the commander of the third division, has three regiments under the jurisdiction of Tu Sizong, Xu Tingyao and Wei Lihuang. Feng Yipei, the commander of the 14th Division, has three regiments under the jurisdiction of Zheng Zhenquan, Cai Xisheng, and Zhou Zhi.

Qian Dajun, the commander of the 20th Division, has jurisdiction over the three regiments of Wang Wenhan, Zhao Jinwen, and Li Gao, as well as the supplementary regiment of Liu Bingcui. Supplementary leader Zhang Zhen.Artillery regiment commander Cai Zhonghu.Zhu Yizhi, head of the security team. The First Army has a total of 18 regiments of infantry and one regiment of artillery. Tan Yankai, commander of the Second Army. Zhang Huizan, the commander of the Fourth Division, has three regiments under the jurisdiction of Xie Yibo, Zhou Weihuang, and Deng Heji. Tan Daoyuan, the commander of the Fifth Division, has three regiments under the jurisdiction of Luo Shouyi, Peng Zhang, and Zhu Gangwei.

Dai Yue, the commander of the Sixth Division, has three regiments under the jurisdiction of Huang Youhu, Liao Xinjia, and Liu Feng. The instructor is Chen Jiayou, who is in charge of two regiments, Yu Zezhen and Li Yunheng. Artillery regiment commander Xie Muhan. The Second Army has a total of 11 regiments of infantry and one regiment of artillery. Zhu Peide, commander of the Third Army. Wang Jun, commander of the Seventh Division, has three regiments under Zeng Wanzhong, Wandi, and Peng Wuyang. Zhu Shigui, the commander of the Eighth Division, has three regiments under the jurisdiction of Wei Chu, Zhu Gaoru, and Li Siying.

Zhu Peide, the commander of the Ninth Division, is also in charge of the two regiments of Gu Deheng and Li Mingyang. Military Police Battalion Commander Wu Xuanguo.Artillery Battalion Commander Zhang Yanchuan. The third army has a total strength of eight regiments of infantry, one battalion of artillery and one battalion of gendarmerie. Li Jichen, commander of the Fourth Army. Chen Mingshu, the commander of the Tenth Division, has three regiments under the jurisdiction of Cai Tingkai, Fan Hanjie, and Dai Ji. Chen Jitang, the commander of the 11th Division, has three regiments under the jurisdiction of Xiang Hanping, Yu Hanmou and Huang Zhenqiu. Zhang Fakui, the commander of the 12th Division, has three regiments under the jurisdiction of Miao Peinan, Huang Qixiang, and Xu Zhirui. Xu Jingtang, the commander of the 13th Division, has three regiments under the jurisdiction of Yunyingqiao, Lu Lanpei and Chen Zhangfu. Ye Ting, head of the independent group. Artillery battalion commanders Guo Siyan and Xue Yangzhong. The Fourth Army has a total of 13 infantry regiments and two artillery battalions. Li Fulin, commander of the Fifth Army. Li Qun, commander of the 15th Division. Chen Bingzhang, commander of the 16th Division. Liang Lin, head of the first independent regiment, and Lin Ju, head of the second regiment. The Fifth Army has a total strength of eight regiments of infantry and one battalion of artillery. Cheng Qian, commander of the Sixth Army. Deng Yanhua, commander of the 17th Division. Hu Qian, commander of the 18th Division. Yang Yuanjun, commander of the 19th Division. Artillery Battalion Commanders Mohid and Luo Xinyuan. The Sixth Army has a total strength of nine regiments of infantry and two battalions of artillery. Li Zongren, commander of the Seventh Army. Xia Wei, commander of the first brigade. Li Mingrui, commander of the second brigade. Wu Tingyang, commander of the third brigade. Huang Xuchu, commander of the Fourth Brigade. Liu Rifu, commander of the Fifth Brigade. Wei Yunsong, commander of the Sixth Brigade. Hu Zongduo, commander of the Seventh Brigade. Zhong Zupei, commander of the Eighth Brigade. Lu Huanyan, commander of the Ninth Brigade. The Seventh Army has a total of 18 regiments of infantry and two battalions of artillery. Eighth Army Commander Tang Shengzhi. He Jian, the commander of the Second Division. Li Pinxian, commander of the third division. Liu Xing, commander of the Fourth Division. The instructor is Zhou Lan. Ye Qi, the commander of the Fifth Division. Xia Douyin, Commander of the First Division of the Hubei Army. Zhou Rongchong, head of the teaching group. Artillery Regiment Commander Wang Xitao. The Eighth Army has a total of 22 regiments of infantry and one regiment of artillery. When the Northern Expeditionary Army set out, the rear was consolidated into seven garrison areas, directly subordinate to the commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army. The arrangement was as follows: He Yingqin, commander of the First Army, served as the commander of the Chaomei garrison, and was stationed in Shantou. Qian Dajun, commander of the 20th Division, served as the commander of the Guangzhou Garrison, stationed in Guangzhou. The garrison commander of Huizhou was led by Hu Qian, the commander of the 18th Division, and was stationed in Huizhou. Shaoguan Garrison Commander Chen Jiayou was concurrently the instructor and division commander of the Second Army, and was stationed in Shaoguan. The garrison commander of Zhaozhou was concurrently commanded by Xu Jingtang, commander of the 13th Division, and stationed in Zhaoqing. The Commander of Qinlian Garrison was concurrently led by Chen Jitang, commander of the 11th Division, and stationed in Beihai. The commander of the Qiongya garrison was concurrently headed by Xu Zhirui, the commander of the 34th Regiment of the 11th Division, and was stationed in Haikou, Qiongzhou. The Chinese Kuomintang's declaration for the Northern Expedition, the full text is as follows: "The hardships of the Chinese people are extreme to this day! In terms of peasants, what they gain with blood and sweat is all for the plunder of soldiers and bandits. If you become unemployed, this is a lucky one. As far as farmers in provinces such as Zhi, Lu, Yu, Jingzhao, etc., soldiers and bandits passed by, the villages were ruins, the old and the weak died in ravines, and most of the strong were captured. , the male is an ox and a horse, and the female is raped, she may be able to escape from the tiger's mouth and survive the rest of her life, but she is just like a stray dog ​​who does not engage in lowly occupations, that is to say, she is just a ghost from a foreign land. It is said that a worker will work all day long and earn a living. I can only prolong my life, I have no money to spare, and I have little security. I am in danger of losing my job every day. When a disaster strikes, I will inevitably be reduced to the ranks of hooligans. Gradually consuming their lives will turn them into starving people. In terms of merchants and people, they will be oppressed by foreign merchants selling foreign goods and selling local goods, and exploited by large and small warlords and bandits paying heavy taxes and overtly robbing and stealing. Gaining tithes, but frequently suffer losses, tame petty business, unbearable losses, bankruptcy, everywhere. In terms of intellectuals, teachers are always owed salaries for a long time, and they are only worrying about food and cannot pass on their wisdom. Every time scholars suffer from bandits and soldiers, they cut off their resources and axe, so they can't advance their studies, and all their careers are withered. Although they are intelligent and talented people, they will inevitably suffer from unemployment; Teachers are reduced to coolies, and young students are mostly hungry, let alone. Others, such as soldiers under the warlords of various provinces, are mostly peasants and workers who join the army for their livelihood. However, after joining the army, not only is there no livelihood , and put to death for the ambition of warlords, great blood, don't use it to save the people from the calamity of the country, but use it to massacre the people because of being supported by the warlords, to fight for fame and wealth for the warlords, there are too many tragedies in the world This is true! As for the industrial entrepreneurs, they were solidly wealthy in society in the past, but today, the sales market is not good, the profits are lost, the factories are closed, and the cost is stagnant. Excessive taxes and extortion cannot support it, so instead of surrendering to the warlords, but begging for the souls of foreign businessmen, not only the business is no longer mine, but most of the capital is lost! In short, in today’s China, except for a few warlords, bureaucrats, compradors and chaebols, the people of the whole country, If you enter, you will worry about the old and the weak waiting to be fed. If you leave, you will have no place to make a living. If you walk, you will be kidnapped and killed. It is also caused by the aggression of nationalism and the theft of power by traitorous warlords. The economic aggression of imperialism and its exploitation are huge, and it has been tens of thousands of years. It has not stopped for decades. So far, the Chinese people have exhausted their blood and blood. There are skins and bones, he is the creditor, I am the debtor; he sits and reaps without labor, I work as a cow and horse all day long, he is the master of the economy, and he has the full power of command and command, and I am the slave of the economy, and I live in the position of being driven Imperialism exploits China's shortcomings economically, and even uses the traitorous warlords politically, causing indescribable crimes. The imperialists not only make the warlords steal power, but also make the warlords steal and sell the country; The battle over the wall has caused our people to suffer from the sword, and even made the warlords oppress the revolutionary movement, hoping that our people will never have the possibility of self-determination.Japan; even if bandits are born in warlord-style politics, and the bandits become warlords; In the city, business people cannot be content with traveling, intellectuals cannot be content with school buildings, soldiers under the warlords have been tossed and died in successive years of civil wars, and even entrepreneurs who run industries cannot live in peace for a day.As the degree of imperialist aggression deepens and the tyranny of the warlords increases day by day, the hardships of the Chinese people will naturally increase day by day.Recently, the northern warlords have fought for many years, and the Beijing government no longer exists. The people of central and northern China have not only no good government, but also no evil government; not only cannot reduce the existing suffering, but also cannot reduce the speed of the increase of new suffering; In the past, it is not difficult to turn thousands of miles of land into ruins, and tens of millions of people into insect sand. They are not only political and economic slaves.At this time, our party is familiar with the cause and effect, and understands the root cause of the hardships of the Chinese people. In imperialism and its tools, traitorous warlords, we know that the only need in China at present is to build a unified government.If the unified government is established, it will be able to resist the intimidation and oppression of imperialism externally, and the warlords will be enough to destroy the country and the people internally; if the unified government is not established, external disasters will intensify, internal strife will intensify, and the hardships of the Chinese people will become deeper like water and hotter like fire. , the Chinese people will be inhumane.Our party has always advocated the use of peaceful methods to build a unified government. For one thing, the government of the Republic of China should be built by the Chinese people themselves; Open a National Assembly to resolve the current situation and call on the whole country.I know that the Duan bandits made promises in the National Assembly but refused in the dark; and the imperialists once again incited the warlords to intensify their ferocious flames. So far, not only has their party called the National Assembly to seek peaceful reunification, but it has not been realized, and the traitorous warlords With the help of British imperialism, Wu Peifu revived, and wanted to imitate Yuan Shikai's old wisdom and borrow heavily from foreign countries to destroy the national independence and freedom movement.The imperialists baited the benefits of increased tariffs and aided them with money and arms, directly helping the Wu bandits to oppress the Chinese national revolution, and indirectly seeking to permanently control the power of tariffs in China, thus putting China's economic life in an irreparable situation.Seeing that the power of the national revolution is expanding day by day, and the scheme of betraying the country and borrowing money is difficult to succeed, the Wu thief has devoted all his strength to attacking the base areas of the national revolution. If you can't bear it, you have to do it out of the way of becoming a teacher.This party dares to solemnly declare to the people of the whole country: The root cause of all the hardships of the Chinese people lies in the aggression of the imperialists and the tyranny of their tools, the traitorous warlords. The only need of the Chinese people is to build a unified government of the people.The experience of the past few years has proved that the imperialists and traitorous warlords are indeed obstacles to peaceful reunification and enemies of the revolutionary forces. Therefore, if the power of the imperialists and traitorous warlords is not overthrown, there will be no hope of building a unified government. , and the only hopeful revolutionary base of the Republic of China is in danger of being jointly attacked by imperialists and traitorous warlords.In order to realize the only needs of the Chinese people, to unify the construction of the government, and to consolidate the bases of the national revolution, our party must not send troops to eradicate the forces of traitorous warlords.The party pleads for the people, eliminates traitors for the country, regardless of success or failure, and does not hesitate to make any sacrifices.The party only knows to abide by the strategy announced by the Prime Minister, to fulfill the great duties of the party, to have a certain purpose, and to live and die.May the people of the whole country sympathize with the party's doctrine and political platform on weekdays, change their sympathy even more, and then sympathize with the party's troops, sponsor the party's troops, and participate in the party's battles, the overthrow of the warlords will be more and more Soon, the establishment of a unified government will be more assured, and the success of the national revolution will be closer. 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