Chapter 210 209. The Peace Pact in the Southeast

Ten years after the Republic of China, Lu Yongxiang became a hot figure in the southeast. When Cao Kun bribed the election in 12 years, it was the direct line of the world, but Lu Yongxiang, who was born in Anhui, stood still in the southeast. Lu Yongxiang controls Zhejiang and Shanghai, and members of Congress who oppose bribery and direct lineage are all concentrated in Shanghai, so he has become the central figure in the current situation.Lu has four divisions and one mixed brigade in Zhejiang.Since the Beijing coup on June 13, 2012, the gentry of Jiangsu and Zhejiang considered that the second war between Zhiwan and Zhifeng would be inevitable, and that Zhejiang Lu and Su Qi (Jiangsu governor Qi Xieyuan is a direct general) would inevitably break up, which was advocated by the Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce Following the Gengzi Year Southeast Mutual Protection Treaty, the military and civilian chiefs of the two provinces agreed to jointly maintain law and order.Zhejiang Lu and Su Qi were forced by public opinion, so they sent a telegram to express their protection of the environment and the people.

On June 27, 2012, after Lu Yongxiang sent a telegram to oppose election bribery, Li Yuanhong, representative of Jin Yongyan, representative of the Department of Political Science, Han Yuchen, representative of Fengtian, and representative of Southwest all gathered in Hangzhou. As a result, Hangzhou and Shanghai suddenly became the center of the anti-straightline movement. On the one hand, it is ready to deal with Zhejiang by force. In mid-July, it was rumored that Tian Zhongyu, the governor of Shandong, would resign due to the impact of the Lincheng carjacking case. The Zhili sent Wang Chengbin to lead his division to supervise Lu, and joined forces with Qi Xieyuan of Jiangsu to oppress the southeast.The Hangzhou Chamber of Commerce sent representatives to Nanjing to ask for peace, and groups in Shanghai and Jiangsu and Zhejiang also demanded that the authorities guarantee the so-called "safety of the environment and the people".

On July 26, Ma Lianjia, the Superintendent of Military Affairs in Anhui Province, arrived in Nanjing. Rumors abounded for a while. It was said that the direct army from Tianjin had planned to station in Jiangsu, but now it would attack Zhejiang from southern Anhui. It was reported that two regiments of Wang Chengbin's 23rd Division had entered Anhui. , the Bengbu garrison in northern Anhui moved to Wuhu and concentrated in Huizhou.Cao Kai's 26th Division was also going south, so Jiangsu and Zhejiang gentry and merchants decided to hold a joint meeting in Shanghai to instigate peace, and various groups in Anhui also responded eagerly.

In early August, it was widely rumored that the Baoding meeting approved a plan to use troops in Zhejiang. It is said that the plan is as follows: Move the Xuzhou Chen Tiaoyuan Army to Suzhou, unite with the Sixth Division, and march in three ways.The first road is divided into two sides, one is from Yixing to attack Changxing in Zhejiang from Taihu Lake, and the other is from Shanghai-Nanjing Railway to Husong;The third route is that the Jiangxi army attacked Changjiang in Zhejiang Province from Yushan.In addition, Cao Kai was stationed in Xuzhou to support Jiangsu and Anhui, and the Hubei army was used as the back line of the Jiangxi army.

Zhejiang naturally did not show weakness. Lu Yongxiang sent Wang Bin to defend Jiahu, Xia Zhaolin to defend Yanqu, Hao Guoxi to defend Wenzhou, Hu Dayu to defend Jinhua, Zhang Bozheng to defend Ningbo Haikou, and He Fenglin to defend Shanghai. The immediate army and the Zhejiang side were at war, and the international community responded immediately.The envoys of Britain, the United States, France, and Japan gave Beijing a serious warning, saying: "After receiving news of wars in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, outsiders have huge interests in Shanghai and nearby places. If a war breaks out in the area, the interests are damaged. The Chinese government cannot delegate Shit responsibility. In the future, if the Chinese government or the governor of the province fails to protect them, they should bear full responsibility for the losses, and will use appropriate means to defend themselves when they fail to protect themselves.”

The Beijing government was afraid of causing foreign interference, so on August 14 it distributed a telegram to Cao Kun in Baoding, Wu Peifu in Luoyang, Qi Xieyuan in Jiangsu, and Lu Yongxiang in Zhejiang, asking them to pay special attention. On August 16, 2012, the gentry and businessmen from Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces established a peace association in Shanghai, seeking to unite the provinces to appeal for avoiding war. Fellow villagers in Beijing from Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces also mediated with the authorities of the two provinces.Su Shen and Zhang Yinan drafted the five articles of the Jiangsu-Zhejiang Peace Treaty, visited Nanjing and Hangzhou in person, and asked the two provinces to jointly declare and guarantee peace, which was finally signed and sealed by the authorities of the two provinces. On August 20, Shanghai newspapers published the full text of the Jiangsu-Zhejiang Peace Treaty, which is hereby recorded as follows:

(1) The people of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, due to the turbulent current situation, rumors are everywhere. The military and civilian chiefs of the two provinces have stated that they will protect the environment and the people, but there is no specific joint declaration of the convention, which is still not enough to calm people's hearts. Appeal, imitate the case of mutual protection in the southeast of the former Qing Dynasty, request the military and civilian chiefs of the two provinces to sign a contract, with the purpose of respecting the local public will and breaking away from the military whirlpool.

(2) The military and civilian chiefs of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, in favor of the general will of the local people, maintain peace within the two provinces, and both sides must avoid any political movement that could lead to military action. (3) In the contiguous areas under the jurisdiction of two provinces, if there is a change of army defense, which is enough to arouse the people's suspicion, the military chiefs of the two provinces must avoid it. If foreign troops from outside the two provinces invade the two provinces or pass through , the province concerned shall be responsible for prevention.It is still a spiritual mutual assistance among each to protect its territory and each to secure its people.

(4) The treaty ports in the two provinces are entrusted with the life and property of Chinese and foreign people.Shanghai is especially the largest market in Yadong. The military and civilian chiefs of the two provinces and the negotiators should notify the consuls of this agreement to protect foreigners.All political issues in the concession that could lead to military operations, as well as obstacles to the protection of the environment and the people, should be avoided. (5) After this draft agreement has been signed by the military and civilian chiefs of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, it will be announced by the gentry and merchants of the two provinces.

Qi Xieyuan, Han Guojun, Lu Yongxiang, Zhang Zaiyang, He Fenglin. Although the peace treaty was signed, preparations for war were still active. The Jiangsu side increased troops to Yixing and Kunshan, the Zhejiang side increased troops to Jiahu, and the Anhui side increased troops to Guangde.Therefore, the shadow of war is still expanding, and the crisis in the southeast is still lurking.The people of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces intend to further enrich this peace treaty, adding that "garrisons at the junction of the two provinces must not be too close to each other, and they must be negotiated and agreed when moving defenses" as a guarantee.On the other hand, the gentry and merchants in Anhui and Jiangxi are also instigating to join the Jiangsu-Zhejiang Peace Treaty.

After September, members of Congress who went south had a meeting in Shanghai, and Li Yuanhong also went south to Shanghai for activities. Therefore, the Jiangsu side blamed the Songhu authorities according to the agreement, and rumors became more and more rampant. action.He even pointed out that military operations will begin, with the Soviet army on the defensive and the Anhui army on the offensive. Due to the influence of the Jiangsu-Zhejiang Peace Treaty, the two provinces of Anhui and Zhejiang are also planning to sign a peace treaty. Jin Baishun, chairman of the Zhejiang Chamber of Commerce, and Yu Chengge, an Anhui gentry, are the central figures in this movement. The two places in Bengbu made earnest requests to the provincial authorities, which were finally realized after bribery. On October 8, the Anhui-Zhejiang Peace Treaty was signed, and its provisions are as follows: (1) Due to the turbulent current situation in Anhui and Zhejiang provinces, rumors arose. The military and civilian chiefs of the two provinces expressed the same intention to protect the environment and the people, but there is no specific agreement, which is still not enough to calm people's hearts.I invite the military and civilian chiefs of the two provinces to follow the public opinion, follow the example of the Jiangsu-Zhejiang Peace Treaty, and sign a treaty to maintain peace between the two provinces. (2) Where the territories under the jurisdiction of the two provinces of Anhui and Zhejiang adjoin each other, the respective armies are still stationed in the original defense to defend the place, so as to avoid misunderstandings. (3) The military and civilian chiefs of Anhui and Zhejiang provinces are responsible for preventing guest troops from invading or stationing in the areas of the two provinces to prevent disputes. (4) After the consent of the military and civilian chiefs of the two provinces of Anhui and Zhejiang, the signing and sealing of this agreement, the gentry and merchants of the two provinces notarized and announced it to show its solemnity. Ma Lianjia, Chen Tiaoyuan, Lu Yongxiang, Zhang Zaiyang. After the signing of the Anhui-Zhejiang Treaty, Wu Qi, a Gan native who lived in Beijing, went south from Beijing to engage in the peace movement in his hometown and held the Jiangxi-Zhejiang Peace Treaty. , Many people in the Chamber of Commerce also sponsored, and the Jiangxi-Zhejiang Peace Treaty was signed on December 6. The full text is as follows: (1) Proximately because the current situation is uncertain, Zhejiang and Jiangxi are adjacent to each other, and the gentry and people of the two provinces hope that the governors of the two provinces will take it as their duty to protect the environment and the people.Although the place is peaceful in every way, there is no definite expression, which may not be enough to comfort people's hearts.Since Jiangsu and Zhejiang advocated a peace treaty, Zhejiang and Anhui followed suit, and everyone agreed to cooperate.Zhe-Jiangyi is an auxiliary vehicle, and the affairs are in the same body. The gentry and civilians of the two provinces jointly appeal to the military and civilian chiefs of the two provinces to obey the public opinion, and sign a treaty according to the case, so as to maintain peace forever. (2) This covenant is limited to the non-invasion of the territories guarded by each other.Outside the borders under the jurisdiction of Zhejiang and Jiangxi, the original troops stationed there are still stationed in the original defense to defend the place. (3) After the conclusion of this convention, if guest troops invade the area of ​​the two provinces, the military and civilian chiefs of the two provinces should be responsible for it and try to prevent it. (4) After the consent of the military and civilian chiefs of the Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces, the signing and sealing of this agreement, the gentry and civilians of the two provinces shall notarize and announce it, so as to abide by it. Cai Chengxun, Lu Yongxiang, and Zhang Zaiyang on December 6, 12th year of the Republic of China. Zhejiang has signed peace treaties with Jiangsu, Jiangxi, and Anhui respectively, and Sun Chuanfang of Fujian has not agreed to sign. Although the gentry and merchants in Fujian and Zhejiang are working hard, Sun Chuanfang has his own views.Sun said: "Concluding a peace treaty is simply an alliance of border officials. There is no central government. I can't do this. It can only be done if it is approved by the central government." Although Sun's attitude is disappointing, in fact, the provinces have no guarantees after signing the peace treaty. It is not the same whether they sign or not. During the signing period of the peace treaty, the atmosphere of peace was not strong, and many small problems changed the atmosphere of peace.Especially after Cao Kun became president on October 10, 2012, Zhejiang immediately announced that it would stop the exchange of official documents with the central government to show that it did not recognize President Cao Kun. This was more than 50 days after the signing of the Jiangsu-Zhejiang Convention. , Jiangxi-Zhejiang Convention has not yet been established. On November 10, Xu Guoliang, chief of the Songhu Police Department, was assassinated and died the next day. The murderer Li Dasheng was captured on the spot, claiming to be revenge for Han Hui, but the Zhili said that it was the instigation of the Zhejiang side, because Xu Guoliang and the Zhejiang side were not on good terms. The death of Xu Guoliang has brought up a new problem, which is the question of the successor of the chief of the Songhu Police Department.He Fenglin commissioned Lu Rongqian, chief of the general affairs section of the police station, to take over, while Nanjing Qi Xieyuan and Han Guojun wanted Shen Zhengang to succeed him. Ninghu and Ninghu exchanged messages and disputes with each other, and finally Shen Zhengang, who was supported by Jiangsu, was not appointed.Of course, this has historical origins. Since Yuan Shikai’s era, Shanghai has been in the sphere of influence of Zhejiang. Feng Guozhang tried to be invalid when he was governor of Jiangsu. Shanghai is a focal point of the grievances between Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Peace representatives from various provinces gathered in Shanghai in early December planned to invite Lu Yongxiang and Qi Xieyuan to Shanghai for a meeting, hoping that many unnecessary misunderstandings would be resolved because of the face-to-face negotiations between the two.However, since the issue of the head of the Songhu Police Department could not be resolved, the meeting between Lu and Qi could not become a reality. Lu and Qi could not meet each other, the shadow of war was widened, and rumors of war started again for a while.It is said that the troops of Jiangsu and Zhejiang near Taihu Lake have successively increased their defenses. At the same time, due to the northward movement of the Fujian army, the Wenzhou and Wenzhou states on the border of Zhejiang have raised alarms. At this time, the attention of both China and foreign countries was Wu Peifu who was in Luoyang. Everyone knew that Wu Peifu disapproved of Cao Kun's bribery of the president, so he had a different view and approach to the current situation. The attitude towards the Anhui faction changed, and there were signs that Zun Duan and Lu used Qi Xieyuan to restrain Qi Xieyuan. At the same time, he also sent a telegram to order Sun Chuanfang to stop the attack on Zhejiang. The so-called connection between Wu Peifu and Lu is because Wu once sent Zhang Zhijie and He Wen to Hangzhou to have secret talks with Lu with letters written by Wu.Wu and Lu worked together in the third town of the Beiyang Army in the early years. When Wu was a junior officer, Lu was already a mid-level officer. The two had this relationship, so it was easy to connect. Qi Xieyuan was very dissatisfied with Wu Peifu's attitude. Since Cao Kun became the president, Wu Peifu was promoted to the tour envoy of Zhili, Shandong, and Henan, and Qi Xieyuan was also promoted to the tour envoy of Jiangsu, Anhui, and Jiangxi. For military affairs, Xiao Yaonan was promoted to the tour envoy of the two lakes.Since Qi and Wu are equal in status, the unhappiness between Wu and Qi is also an internal worry of the direct line, so Beijing sent Wu Yulin to the south to dredge up and urge Wu and Qi to reach an understanding. Wu Peifu's attitude greatly eased the critical situation in the southeast.On February 1, the 13th year of the Republic of China, the peace representatives of various provinces in Shanghai were able to negotiate and compromise with Lu and Qi respectively, and carried out the withdrawal of the Soviet, Zhejiang, and Anhui armies.The Zhejiang Army agreed to move back the new frontier garrison for dozens of miles. Su Wan also agreed, and Beijing sent Lao Zhichang as a representative to go south to clear the way.Wu Peifu published a telegram publicly, with the idea that "the skin of the southeast must be protected." Unfortunately, just as the dawn of peace was beginning to dawn, the crisis resumed again, and this broke out from Fujian.The situation in Fujian was because Xu Shuzheng had joined forces with Xu Chongzhi and Wang Yongquan to drive away Li Houji, and Wu Peifu sent Sun Chuanfang to lead an army to aid Fujian. Sun Chuanfang was Wang Zhanyuan's old army with tens of thousands of soldiers.The battle to aid Fujian was quite meritorious, so Fujian was controlled.It turned out that Zang Zhiping and Yang Huazhao in Fujian were expelled by Zhou Yin people in southern Fujian. Zang and Yang's armies then crossed Jiangxi to Zhejiang and accepted Lu Yongxiang's shelter.Lu reorganized these troops into the Zhejiang Frontier Defense Army and incorporated them into his own system. The Fujian army entered Zhejiang and took refuge in Lu Yongxiang, which had a great impact on the so-called peace treaty. Therefore, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, and Fujian united to deal with Zhejiang and actively engaged in war preparations.The Jiangsu-Zhejiang Peace Consultative Conference issued a public telegram, appealing to the two provinces for peace. Jiangsu's various problems in Zhejiang were almost impossible to solve without using troops. Therefore, from the spring to summer of the 13th year of the Republic of China, the southeast area was full of war clouds. In August 2013, Qi Xieyuan summoned Chen Tiaoyuan, the guard envoy of Xuzhou, and Bai Baoshan, the guard envoy of Haizhou, to Nanjing. On the 15th, Chen and Bai arrived in Ning successively. All important military leaders from Jiangsu attended the meeting, and the staff of the military department's section also attended the meeting at 8:00 a.m. and were not allowed to ask for leave. As a result, it was rumored among Nanjing and Suzhou that the Soviet army would attack Zhejiang. The 4th Brigade, originally stationed at Dingjiaqiao and Sanpailou in Nanjing, was ordered to go to Taihu Lake to garrison. In Nanjing, 1,500 recruits from the Luxu area were trained day and night. Since the Soviet province decided to use troops, Qi Xieyuan appointed himself the commander-in-chief. The general headquarters was located in Suzhou, and the Soviet army was organized into eight detachments. Wu Hengzan led the vanguard, Gong Bangduo, Lu Yuanshu, Li Dianchen, Huang Zhenkui, Zhu Xi, Yang Chunpu, Bai Baoshan, and Ma Yuren are the commanders of each detachment.Chen Diaoyuan was in charge of all walks of life in Nanjing, Wu Hongchang was the garrison commander of Xu and acting as Xu Hai's guard envoy, Qi Baoshan was the garrison commander of Yang's garrison, Wang Jianfei was acting as the guard envoy of Jiangning, Wang Guilin was the commander of Weixu, maintaining the provincial city's law and order, and Xi Rong was the commander-in-chief. The head of the law enforcement department, Liu Yuke, is the chief of the general staff.The headquarters of the military station is located in Chengping Wharf, Xiaguan, Nanjing, and Liu Tongchun is the commander of the military station.