Chapter 205 204. Between North and South

Sun Yat-sen advocated the plan of reducing troops first and then seeking national unification, which was endorsed by Li Yuanhong, Zhang Shaozeng, Duan Qirui, Zhang Zuolin, Lu Yongxiang and others.However, Zhang Shao once believed that the issue of disarmament must be resolved by convening a national military conference, so he still advocated the convening of a "State Council" to solve the unification issue first.Li and Zhang originally planned to send representatives to Shanghai to discuss with Sun Yat-sen specific ways to achieve peaceful reunification. Unexpectedly, on January 26, 2012, Shen Hongying's Jiangfang Incident occurred in Guangzhou. Zhang Shao once mistakenly believed that Sun Yat-sen had no strength in the south and was insignificant. Therefore, the representatives sent temporarily suspended the departure.

At the same time, Cao Kun and Wu Peifu repeatedly urged the Beijing government to issue the order of Sun Chuanfang to supervise Fujian and Shen Hongying to supervise Guangdong.Wu Peifu looked down on Shen Hongying at first, thinking that Shen was a capricious villain, but after Chen Jiongming's downfall, Wu felt that Shen Hongying could be used, so he asked him to supervise Guangdong.Zhang Shaozeng originally opposed these two appointments, but once he went to fight for them, he refused to publish them.After the Jiangfang Incident, Zhang believed that Shen was gaining power in Guangzhou, so he also planned to agree to Shen's new appointment, but the Kuomintang members in the Beijing Congress strongly opposed it, so Zhang changed his order on January 30 to commend Chen Jiongming for his resignation, hoping that he would be resigned in Guangdong. The two armies, the host and the guest, sought mutual understanding and stopped engaging in private disputes, and appointed Lin Junting as the military affairs supervisor of Guangxi, and Ding Huai as the condolence envoy of Guangdong and Guangxi.These orders aroused great dissatisfaction among the Kuomintang, because what Sun Yat-sen hated the most was Chen Jiongming who committed rebellion at the top. The Democratic Party is in great embarrassment.At the same time, the Kuomintang believed that announcing Lin Junting as the governor of Guangxi was also an extremely unfriendly act.

The direct line side exerted great pressure on the cabinet. Cao Kun, Wu Peifu, Xiao Yaonan, and Cai Chengxun jointly urged Shen Hongying to supervise Guangdong by telegram. Du Min's order to relieve the pressure from Luoyang. At this time, Qi Xieyuan sent Sun Faxu to Beijing with a "unified plan", which included five items: presidential issues, constitutional issues, disarmament issues, financial issues, and aftermath issues.The essence of this plan is to unify first and then disarmament, and to elect a president first and then formulate a constitution.On the issue of aftermath, it is suggested to set up the Marshal's Mansion to accommodate high-level unemployed soldiers, with Sun Yat-sen as the head of the Marshal's Mansion; and set up the Senate to accommodate high-level politicians, with Duan Qirui as the head of the Senate.The behind-the-scenes designers of this plan include former Prime Minister Jin Yunpeng and others. It was drafted by Sun Faxu, Qi Xieyuan came forward, and asked Sun Faxu to bring Beijing to unify the opinions of the North.Get Cao Kun, Wu Peifu, Feng Yuxiang, Zhang Shaozeng and others to sign together, and then formally propose to the South.Sun Faxu advertised everywhere that someone was willing to sign, but in fact, he was buying short and selling short.First of all, Cao and Wu opposed the establishment of the Marshal's Mansion.

Li Yuanhong also disapproved of this plan. He once scolded Sun Faxu at a banquet for bluffing and cheating, and he felt rebellious.Sun Faxu came to Beijing on a whim, but now seeing that the limelight was not right, he slipped away quietly and went to Baoding, where he became a senior advisor by Cao Kun's side. The problem of unification was difficult, but Zhang Shaozeng was not discouraged. He planned to announce the appointment of governors and governors of the four provinces of Sichuan, Hunan, Yunnan, and Guizhou first, so as to whitewash the unification on paper.Wu Peifu was in favor of this. He had persuaded Hunan to abolish the provincial constitution. If he did not want to abolish it, the Beijing government would appoint Zhao Hengti as governor of Hunan.However, based on information from various parties, Zhang later knew that if these orders were published, they would definitely cause denials from the southwestern provinces, so he dared not publish them.

After Sun Yat-sen returned to Guangzhou on February 21, 2012, the Beijing government issued an order to respect the "Convention Law" on the 22nd.This order has a double effect: on the one hand, it prevents Sun from reorganizing the government in Guangdong; on the other hand, it prevents Cao Kun from usurping the president by force, or using illegal means to promote the election of the president, because the Congress has resumed in Beijing, and forming another government is to violate the "Contract" The act of electing the president before the completion of the constitution is also a violation of the "Convention Law".

When Sun Yat-sen set up a base camp in Guangzhou and issued orders as the Generalissimo, Cao Kun and Wu Peifu believed that this was a breach of the "Convention Law" and a breach of peace, and advocated ordering a "crusade".Cao Kun sent Xiang Zhizhong and Wu Peifu to send Li Zhuozhang to Beijing to urge the release of the governor's order of Fujian and Guangdong. Heartless.Zhang Shaozeng suddenly became tough and refused to buy into Cao and Wu. On March 8, the State Council decided to refuse to issue the order of governors of Fujian and Guangdong provinces, and responded to the pressure of Cao and Wu by resigning. The Geng Dian cloud:

"When Shao Zeng and others were appointed, they declared that they would take peaceful reunification as their duty, so as to facilitate the return of the constitution. In recent days, there have been acts of usurping names and positions in central Guangdong. Fang. The only way to thank the people is to take the blame and resign." This telegram received a lot of sympathy, but both the Kuomintang and the Zhili did not like this telegram. The Kuomintang objected to the sentence "There is an act of usurping names and positions in central Guangdong" in the telegram, while the Zhili objected to the sentence "All parties are ready to fight against each other".Members of the Kuomintang issued a telegram saying that it was none other than Zhang Shaozeng himself who had usurped his name and position. Since Li Yuanhong was not the legitimate president, the cabinet proposed by Li was naturally also illegal.

Zhang Shaozeng's cabinet dared to fight against the direct lineage warlords, without losing its toughness, so it was quite applauded by most people at that time, because the cabinet in the Beiyang era had long become the warlord's echo.Such courage and determination as Zhang Shaozeng is unprecedented in the Beijing government. But the truth of the matter is this. It turns out that the cabinet members are divided into the presidential palace faction and the subsidy protection faction.Li Genyuan and Peng Yunyi, cabinet members of the Department of Political Science, belonged to the Fu faction; Gao Lingyu, Wu Yulin, and Liu Enyuan belonged to the Bao faction.Li Yuanhong wanted to win over Sun Yat-sen, and Sun had a cooperative relationship with Cen Chunxuan (the leader of the Department of Political Science), so the cabinet members of the Department of Political Science opposed any order that would harm Sun Yat-sen.

On March 8, under the threat of the warlords, Zhang Shao proposed two orders: one was to announce Sun Chuanfang as governor of Fujian; the other was to "command" Sun Yat-sen not to organize another government in Guangzhou.However, the cabinet members of the Department of Political Science opposed the second order, while the cabinet members of the Bao faction advocated that Sun should be punished instead of ordered.Wu Yulin first yelled: "Since the cabinet cannot be unified, we should all step down." Zhang Shaozeng also said that there was no other way but to step down, so everyone made the decision to resign from the cabinet.In order to deceive the sympathy of the whole country, Zhang Shao used his refusal to issue the order of the governors of Fujian and Guangdong provinces as an excuse for the resignation of the cabinet chief.

Zhang Shaozeng didn't really want to resign, so after he offered to resign, he looked forward to the retaining telegrams from various provinces every day, and ordered the State Council to mimeograph these telegrams and distribute them to various newspapers for publication.Sure enough, Lu Yongxiang, He Fenglin, and Wang Yongquan all sent telegrams to keep him. Lu and He belonged to the Anhui faction. They didn't have any affection for Zhang, but used the topic to attack Cao and Wu.They have no influence on the political situation in Beijing, and they are not enough to influence the political situation in the north.

Suddenly, Wu Peifu's "Changmi" gray and real two electricity appeared in the newspaper, which was a powerful voice to retain Zhang's cabinet.A reporter doubted the authenticity of Wu Peifu's telegram, so he called Luoyang to inquire. Luoyang called back: "We have never sent such a telegram here." It was Li Yuanhong who really did not want Zhang Shaozeng to step down. He tearfully asked Wu Jinglian and Wang Youxiang to support the cabinet. Zhang Shaozeng also expressed his willingness to help the president and not stop the government affairs. Prime Minister. Zhang Shaozeng was called "Crazy Zhang" by everyone behind his back, saying that he had no end to his work.After he announced his resignation, his insanity became more severe, and he often muttered to himself that the ancient Buddha who claimed to be the Nine Heavens Palace had descended into the world, and most of the contemporary figures were reincarnated by his subordinate Xingjun, but there were also demons and ghosts descending to cause trouble. Ask the fairy master to give him a magic axe to kill all the demons. On March 16, he suddenly sent Cheng Ke to Tianjin in a special car to welcome Liu Enyuan, the chief financial officer, and Wu Yulin, the chief minister of transportation, back to Beijing for reinstatement; question.Sure enough, on the 17th, the two members of the Baopai cabinet came back obediently.So another cabinet meeting was held in Zhang's house to cancel the leave and reinstatement.Liu Enyuan first stated that he is the spokesperson of Baoding, and the issue of reinstatement now depends on whether the two orders raised by Baoding can be published?If it can be published, it can be reinstated.Wu Yulin added: There is no need to discuss too much in today's meeting. The two orders can be decided in one sentence. Solve this problem first, and then study the issue of reinstatement.So Zhang Shao once said that everyone's opinions had reached a consensus, and the two orders should be issued, so they all reinstated on the 19th. Why did the situation take a sudden turn for the worse?Because Cao Kun expressed his willingness to maintain Zhang's cabinet temporarily.Why did Cao still maintain Zhang?Because Zhang secretly expressed to Cao that the policy towards the south was completely consistent, the orders of the governors of Fujian and Guangdong could be issued.Therefore, Cao immediately ordered Liu Enyuan and Wu Yulin to return to Beijing to resume their duties. The reinstatement of the cabinet has been decided, but Zhang Shaozeng felt that issuing these two orders would be too embarrassing for him, so he wanted to follow the example of Cai Chengxun as the governor of Jiangxi, and use the telegram from the Shenlong Office instead of the president's order. The method was not accepted by Bao and Luo. On the 19th, Zhang's cabinet, which was reinstated, held a state affairs meeting. Wu Yulin first proposed to discuss the case of governors of Fujian and Guangdong provinces.Zhang Shao once said: "I have now fully understood, so I must issue these two orders today. It was wrong for us to resign because of this issue a few days ago." The cabinet members of the Department of Political Science immediately agreed unanimously, and Li Gengen was willing to be responsible for unblocking the president's seal. It turned out that they had to go the same way as Zhang Shaozeng in order to preserve their status as cabinet members. On March 20, the Beijing government ordered Shen Hongying to supervise the aftermath of the Guangdong military affairs. Yang Ximin was the assistant military affairs officer, Lin Hu was the Chaomei guard and the commander-in-chief of the Guangdong army, and Chen Jiongming and Zhong Jingtang were the division commanders of the first and second divisions of the Guangdong army. , Wen Shude is the commander of the Guangdong Navy Fleet.Sun Chuanfang was specially appointed to supervise the aftermath of Fujian's military affairs, Wang Yongquan was the military affairs deputy, and Zang Zhiping was the Zhangxia Army Protector.According to this list, it has exceeded the scope required by Bao and Luo. The appointments below the supervisor were added by Zhang Shaozeng himself. This time, Zhang's cabinet, who had previously advertised peaceful reunification as a savage head, has now revealed his true colors. At the same time, there has been open hostility between this cabinet and the Kuomintang. On April 3, the Beijing government continued to appoint Liu Guanxiong as the coastal defense envoy of Fujian and Guangdong, apparently with the intention of mobilizing the navy to attack Guangdong.On the same day, Hong Zhaolin was appointed as General Hongwei and Commander of the Third Division of the Guangdong Army, Li Yibiao was appointed as the envoy of Guanghui, and Shen Baofan was appointed as the envoy of Qinlian.This meant that all forces opposing Sun Yat-sen were gathered together and prepared to attack Guangzhou. But Li and Zhang are still singing the theory of peaceful reunification. On March 27, Wang Chonghui was sent south with a joint letter from all cabinet members, advising Sun Yat-sen to cancel the Grand Marshal's Mansion, or to go to Beijing in person, or to Shanghai to sponsor peaceful reunification.Li also instructed Jin Yongyan to write a letter to Lin Zhiyu, the chairman of the Hunan Provincial Assembly, expressing that he did not oppose inter-provincial autonomy and hoped that Hunan would also sponsor peaceful reunification. This is really a dream.On the one hand, the direct line lays emphasis on reunification by force, while the president and prime minister sing about peaceful reunification, which of course runs counter to it.How can the South cooperate with this to deal with the South? Wang Chonghui was sent south with Yang Tianji, and he carried a letter signed by all cabinet members to Sun Yat-sen. Wang and Yang arrived in Shanghai hand in hand, first visited Lu Yongxiang, governor of Zhejiang, and asked Lu to clear the way. Lu believed that the order of governors of Fujian and Guangdong should be canceled first.In Shanghai, Wang negotiated with Hu Hanmin, Sun Hongyi, Xu Qian and others sent by Sun Yat-sen on the issue of unification. Hu and others also proposed that the abolition of Fujian and Guangdong governors be a prerequisite for the unification of the North and the South.Sun Hongyi also proposed the conditions for Li Yuanhong's resignation.Yang Tianji, Wang Chonghui's entourage, telegraphed to Beijing that if Sun Wen stepped down, Wu Peifu must be relieved of his military power at the same time.The newspaper published the telegram, and Xu Qian and Sun Hongyi questioned Wang Chonghui, "Where did this come from?" On April 15, Zhang Shao went to Baoding to discuss the issues of dealing with Sun and Feng, and agreed with Qi Xieyuan's proposal to hold a Nanjing meeting to resolve the issue of North-South reunification.Cao and Wu didn't pay much attention to the peaceful reunification of Li and Zhang, but they wanted to use them to divide the south. Therefore, Cao Kun adopted an attitude of "just listening to Zhang Shaozeng's peaceful proposal". On April 10th, Zhang Zuolin sent Sun Yat-sen a telegram to explain the rumors outside, and the telegram said: "Recently it was published in the newspaper that there was a rumor that Feng Province was plotting restoration. This kind of unconscious rumor, in the eyes of those with a little common sense, is not worth laughing at. However, it has caused common misunderstandings. Zuolin is upright and aboveboard, but Knowing how to love the republic, and caring about the overall situation, I have known it well, and I respectfully pray for the announcement on my behalf, and I will report and correct it, and there is no need to pray. Brother Jingwei has come to serve, and I am very grateful, and thank you.” It was at this time that Sun, Duan, and Zhang made a triangular alliance. Sun Yat-sen had sent Wang Zhaoming to Beijing to engage in liaison. Wang arrived in Fengtian in early April, so Zhang Zuolin mentioned it in a telegram to Sun Yat-sen. When Sun Yat-sen received a call from Feng Zhang, he immediately replied: "The restoration of steam and electricity to refute the rumors, and ordered to announce that each newspaper should be corrected. It is true that it is loyal to the Republic of China, and Huo Sheng admires it. The republic of the country was built in more than ten years. The changes of the restoration of the Chinese Classics will disappear without a hitch. The national system is established. Since there are those who cannot be overthrown by stubborn people, how can the deacon’s wisdom be disdainful? If you don’t take pictures, there are those who think they are slandering, and the risk of people’s hearts is admirable. The deacon will electrify his ambitions, and the people of the country will be happy to hear such peaceful words. Article I also encourage the deacon to confess what I can see. I also hope that the original intention of loving the republic will be a grand move to solve the overall situation. Although the text is not sensitive, I sincerely hope to share it with the sages of the time." In mid-April 2012, Shen Hongying finally rebelled. It turned out that Shen Zhi's main purpose of participating in the expelling of Chen was for himself. When Shen entered Guangzhou, he wanted to restore the provincial assembly and elected Lin Zhengxuan from the Department of Political Science as the governor, so as to gain power in Guangdong; member.Unexpectedly, these two things failed, so they had to pretend to obey Sun Yat-sen and moved to Zhaoqing.After Beijing appointed Shen as the supervisor of Guangdong's military affairs, Shen immediately took office as the supervisor in Xinjie on April 15, and called Sun Yat-sen to leave Guangdong. At 4 o'clock in the morning on April 16, the Shen Army began to attack. Li Yibiao's 67th Battalion divided into three groups to attack Guangzhou City: one group stormed the Yang Ximin General Command of the Yunnan Army from Baiyun Mountain to the Agricultural and Forestry Experimental Field, and the Yunnan Army had received news of the Shen Army's mutiny , So immediately sent out to resist, Sun Yat-sen personally supervised the battle with Yang Ximin, Shen Jun was repelled on the spot.All the way to attack the Mint, repelled by Lu Shidi's troops.All the way to attack Liuhua Bridge was blocked by Liu Zhenhuan's department. Li Fulin heard the police and immediately transferred the Eighth Battalion of the Fujun Army of the department to cross the river to help in the battle.Sun Yat-sen went to Guanyin Mountain to supervise the battle, and Guangzhou turned the corner. Shen Hongying took charge of the middle road and went south along the Aohan Railway. Shen Rongguang went out of Yingde and Sihui to attack Sanshui directly; the Shen army in the Xijiang area also responded to Shen Hongying. In the name of Grand Marshal, Sun Yat-sen deprived Shen Hongying, Commander-in-Chief of the Guangxi Army, and said: "Shen Ni Hongying, capricious, treacherous, conspiring and civil strife, and has a long history of rebellion. This Grand Marshal thinks of his little work, angers his past, and shows his beauty. Hope and probation. Unexpectedly, the wolf's ambition is always unrelenting. On the one hand, he reported to move the defense, and on the other hand, he acted like a ghost. Last night, he called himself a soldier and attacked the provincial capital. Fortunately, our soldiers were well-prepared and repelled. Acting rebelliously, willing to be the leader of the army, disturbing military discipline, and harming the local area is a crime that cannot be tolerated and must be punished by the law. Shen Hongying should immediately deprive the commander-in-chief of the Guangxi Army, and command Yang Ximin, the commander-in-chief of the Yunnan Army and the commander-in-chief of the garrison, and the commander-in-chief of the East Road Fighting Bandit Army. Commander Xu Chongzhi, Commander-in-Chief Liu Zhenhuan of the West Road Thief Hunting Army, Gu Yingfen, Plenipotentiary Director of the Jiangjiang Office of the Base Camp, Li Fulin, Commander of the Third Army of the East Road Thief Hunting Army, Liu Yushan, Commander of the Seventh Army directly under the Central Government, and the Third Army directly under the Central Government Army Commander Lu Shidi, Naval Fleet Commander Wen Shude, Generals of the Navy stationed in Shantou, Guangdong Jiangfang Commander Yang Tingpei, Guangdong Coastal Defense Commander Chen Ce, etc., each supervised the troops and went out to suppress them quickly. source of chaos." The representative of Sun Tonghui in Shanghai raised a severe question to Wang Chonghui: "Northern Yang is for peace, and Yin is superstitious about force, and uses it to slacken my preparations. Words are extremely hateful." On the 17th, Sun Yat-sen sent a letter to Xu Chongzhi in Shantou, telling Chen Tiantai's troops to go out to the fourth meeting. Now that the situation of the war has changed, the Jiangmen army should send all of Sanshui and Lubao to attack Gaotang and Xinjie, and quickly wipe out the attack on the provincial capital. The enemy is the first, and then the second step is to advance. On the 18th, the Dian army recovered Shougouling, the Fu army pursued to Longyan Cave, and Liu Zhenhuan recovered Xiaoping. On the 19th, the coalition forces of Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Fuzhou dealt a decisive blow to Shen Hongying, and the Baiyun Mountain area was completely recovered.Jiang Guangliang's 4th Division and Hu Sishun's 2nd Mixed Brigade fought on the right in Sanshui, Lubao, and Tanbu to defend against the Shen army in the Xijiang area. Shen Hongying took refuge in Beijing and rebelled in Guangzhou, of course it was Wu Peifu's instigation.At that time, Sun Yat-sen's situation in Guangdong was not stable. After Sun returned to Guangzhou, although Shen Hongying was in Guangzhou, he did not meet him.As for the Dian army, there was also a problem. Sun had long announced that Yang Ximin was the commander of the Guangzhou garrison, but Yang did not announce his inauguration until March 12.When Zhu Peide's Yunnan army arrived at Sanshui and Hekou from Guangxi, Sun immediately reorganized the army into a Gongwei army and ordered it to garrison Guangzhou.Although Zhu Peide and Yang Ximin are both from Yunnan, they are completely different systems, and at the same time they are not in harmony. In order to avoid misunderstanding between the two Yunnan armies, Sun designated Henan as the defense area of ​​Zhu's Yunnan army. The Marshal's Mansion was moved to the Henan Cement Factory. After Shen failed, the Beijing government appointed Hong Zhaolin as Shantou Defense Supervisor on April 21, Ye Ju as General Huiwei, Yin Ji, Li Yunfu, Lai Shihuang, Su Shi'an, Yang Kunru, and Weng Wuliang as commanders of the fifth to tenth divisions of the Guangdong Army.These personnel orders are all an attempt to win over Chen Jiongming's old troops and make them join forces with Shen Hongying to attack Guangzhou. Sun Yat-sen believed that the north had no sincerity to negotiate, and the biggest obstacle was Wu Peifu, so he ordered the representative in Shanghai to inform the north that if the north sincerely made peace, Wu Peifu should be removed first, otherwise the peace talks could be terminated. Wang Chonghui originally wanted to be a bridge between Sun Yat-sen and Wu Peifu, but the relationship between Sun and Wu broke down. He gave up his status as a northern representative, went to Guangzhou to meet Sun Yat-sen, and then went abroad to The Hague to serve as a judge of the International Court of Justice. Although Sun announced that Jiang Zhongzheng was the chief of staff of the base camp, he was still in Shanghai, and Sun repeatedly urged him to come to Guangdong by telegram. Yang Shukan, Gu Yingfen, and Liao Zhongkai also urged him to drive. Arrived in Guangzhou on April 20th, and took up the post of chief of staff of the base camp. On the 26th, Sun Kai and Jiang Zhongzheng were going to Jiangcun to work in the army. All the soldiers were very excited when they heard that the Generalissimo had arrived. Shen Hongying's rebel army retreated from Xinjie to occupy Yuantan on the 21st, and confronted Yang Ximin of the Dian army. On the 25th, the Yunnan Army captured Qingyuan, and Shen Rongguang fled first. On the 29th, the Yunnan, Guangdong, and Guangxi coalition forces attacked the Shen Army along the Yuehan Road with all their strength, and on the 30th they captured Yuantan. On May 2, the Yunnan and Guangdong armies conquered the Pajiang River. On the 3rd, Sun Yat-sen went to Yuantan to labor, and on the 6th to Sanshui to visit the wounded soldiers. On the 7th, Sun Yat-sen transferred Liao Zhongkai as the governor of Guangdong Province, with Ye Gongchuo as the Minister of Finance and Zheng Hongnian as the Deputy Minister.Both Ye and Zheng were from the Department of Transportation. Liang Shiyi, the leader of the Department of Transportation, was supported by Feng Zhang to form a cabinet. During his tenure in the cabinet, Wu Peifu sent a series of telegrams to resign. After Liang stepped down, he and his main assistant Ye Gongchuo fled to Hong Kong .After the triangular alliance of Sun, Duan and Zhang made an agreement to fight against Cao and Wu, Liang Shiyi raised the old transportation department to support Sun Yat-sen. The most difficult thing for Sun in Guangdong at this time was the financial problem. Sun Yat-sen then invited Ye Gongchuo to be Minister of Finance.The base camp's finances are supported by the old transportation department, which has created confidence both internally and externally.