Chapter 180 179, five sons of Shandong

Now let’s talk about Henan. After the Zhiwan War, Wu Peifu chose Luoyang as his place of residence. What happened in Henan is also worth mentioning. Before the Zhiwan War, Zhao Ti, the governor of Henan, joined the Anti-Anhui League.After the war between Zhiwan and Anhui, the north became dominated by the two factions of Zhifeng and Fengzhou, but Zhao Ti, the hero of the Anti-Wanwan Alliance, got nothing.Not only that, because Henan was included in the sphere of influence of the Zhili Army, Wu Peifu also stationed troops in Luoyang, Feng Yuxiang also stationed troops in Xinyang, and Xiao Yaonan also stationed troops in Zhengzhou, making Henan a world dominated by the Zhili Army. Zhi, Lu, and Henan tour deputy envoys appeared, and in the official system, he seemed to be the Supreme Emperor of Henan and Zhao Ti's immediate boss.

Zhao Ti has a brother, nicknamed "San Mazi", who is a well-known bully in Henan Province. He and Henan Governor Zhang Fengtai's brother, nicknamed "Five Kings of Hell", both committed crimes in Henan and committed all kinds of evil.Since Wu Peifu was stationed in Luoyang, the people of Henan have come to complain one after another, hoping that Wu Peifu can uphold justice.Since Wu Peifu had always been cautious in running the army, both Zhao Ti and Zhang Fengtai were worried about it. However, Wu Peifu's foothold in Henan was not yet stable at this time, so he did not dare to take immediate action. In order to win over Henan, Wu Peifu and Zhao Ti became brothers, Mrs. Wu also worshiped Zhao's mother as her godmother, and Wu and Zhao's wives also became sisters. On the surface, it seems that Wu Peifu is trying to express his goodwill towards Henan.

The interior of Henan is not stable. Cheng Shen, the commander of the Henan First Division, was dismissed by Zhao Ti due to the case, and the First Division was downsized into the First Brigade.The hearts of this teacher were greatly shaken. Cheng Shen's confidant Sun Huiyou served as the head of the first regiment, and it was rumored that he would also be dismissed. On April 14, 2010, he presided over the military uprising in Zhangde, brought Cheng Shen to Zhangde, promoted him to be the commander-in-chief of the Northern Henan Army, and sent a telegram to announce the guilt of the Zhao Ti brothers.

After the incident in northern Henan broke out, fellow villagers in Henan in Beijing called the Beijing government to remove Zhao Ti from his post.At the same time, Feng Yuxiang's brigade clashed with Zhao Ti's Hongwei Army in Zhumadian. Zhao Ti accused Feng Yuxiang of colluding, withholding taxes, attacking Zhumadian, and robbing Hongwei's guns. Feng also accused Zhao Xian of sending troops to attack Feng's troops. defense line, so they fought back. It is said that Zhili intends to solve Zhao Ti, but due to the problem of dividing the spoils between the two factions, Feng has agreed to give up the territory in Shaanxi to Zhili, so naturally he will not want to give up Henan to Zhili, so Zhili has to be wary. At the same time, Zhang Zuolin and Wang Zhanyuan also opposed the replacement of Zhao Ti, so that the situation in Henan could be stabilized.

On April 18, Wu Peifu personally led the 1st Part of the 25th Division to attack Zhangde and drove away Cheng Shen.The Northern Henan Army was completely disarmed under the encirclement of the 24th and 25th Divisions of the Zhijun Army and the Hongwei Army. Sun Huiyou fled to Xinyang, Tangyin, Wu'an, and Lin County. Captured and beheaded. Afterwards, Zhao Ti went to Luoyang to thank Wu Peifu and sent someone to Xinyang to apologize to Feng Yuxiang. As mentioned earlier, Lu Yongxiang, the governor of Zhejiang Province, once sent a telegram advocating the convening of provincial conferences, through the self-government of each province, and the organization of a joint provincial self-government.Why does Lu Yongxiang have such a claim?This also has its ins and outs:

It turned out that during the meeting of the giants in Tianjin, during the distribution of spoils between the two factions, the Shaanxi governor Chen Shufan was first moved. On June 4, he suddenly issued a powerful telegram, advocating that the provinces formulate provincial constitutions to realize local autonomy, and that the military and civilian chiefs of each province and region should select representatives and choose an appropriate place to hold a joint meeting. Zhejiang is within the sphere of influence of Beiyang, and Lu Yongxiang secretly had contact with the Kuomintang. This telegram echoed the "inter-provincial self-government faction" in the south, so it shook the north like a ticking time bomb.

On June 5, Lu Yongxiang called Xu Shichang, explaining that his proposition is an effective method for the unification of the North and the South. If this proposition is inappropriate, please reject it immediately. After the release of Lu Yongxiang’s telegram, there were rumors in the North that Xu Shuzheng had secretly gone to Hangzhou and that the Anfu Congress had moved to Hangzhou for a meeting, and there were also rumors that the Zhejiang Army was preparing to attack Jiangsu. Therefore, Jiangsu Governor Qi Xieyuan sent troops to reinforce Suzhou and Kunshan.Lu Yongxiang also sent troops to defend Fengjing and Songjiang.Rumors of a war between Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces have intensified again.

At this time, all kinds of rumors spread like wildfire, and the most alarming rumor was that the "Shandong Five Sons" were going to organize the Lu Clan outside the Zhifeng Clan.Shandong Five Sons refers to Lu Yongxiang, Wang Zhanyuan, Wu Peifu, Zhang Huaizhi, and Zhou Ziqi, five soldiers from Shandong. All five of them have the word "zi", Lu Zijia, Wang Zichun, Wu Ziyu, Zhang Zizi Zhi, Zhou Zizi. In the early years of the Republic of China, there were no differences in the geographical division of soldiers, so they were called Anhui, Zhi, Feng, and Guangxi. Shandong Province, because of Wu Peifu's blockbuster, could of course form a line, but the five sons of Shandong referred to here belong to Different military groups have different political backgrounds, and there are great conflicts of interest between them. In any case, they cannot be integrated into one furnace. The so-called Lu family is nothing more than an outsider's association.

Lu Yongxiang is not a popular figure. He released the powerful telegram just for self-defense, because Beijing's attack on Chen Shufan showed that the Zhifeng and Fenggong departments were trying to encroach on the remaining territory of the Anhui department. Therefore, he sent a telegram to protest. Forced to go up Liangshan", throwing to the southwest. However, Haodian caused a great shock to the Beiyang faction. On June 16, Lu Yongxiang delivered a speech at the Army Tongpao Club, denying the independence of Zhejiang. "Celebrities" organized the Provincial Constitution Drafting Committee to formulate the Zhejiang Constitution.

This is a gesture of "semi-independence". Lu Yongxiang's powerful electricity shocked the north, and at the same time received echoes from the southwestern provinces.Therefore, Zhao Hengti (June 9), Lu Tao (June 12), Chen Jiongming (June 14), Liu Xiang (June 20), and Gu Pinzhen (June 29) all called to respond.And Chen Shufan also responded by sending out a telegram on June 20, and instructed the Shaanxi Provincial Assembly to organize a "Provincial Constitutional Conference" and set up a "Department for the Preparation of a Provincial Constitutional Autonomy", intending to use the banner of "autonomy" to fight against the Beijing government.

The Guangxi Provincial Council also responded to self-government by telegram after the entry of the Cantonese army.Qu Peilan, chairman of the Hubei Provincial Council, issued a telegram on the 22nd, and the Shandong Provincial Council issued a telegram on the 27th, advocating that the provinces should formulate provincial constitutions first.The Jiangxi Provincial Council also held a Provincial Constitution Conference, and the Henan Provincial Council passed a provincial constitution proposal. Lu Yongxiang's Haodian was the most shocking action in the North after the defeat of the Anhui Clan and was echoed by the South.At that time, it was widely rumored that Sun Yat-sen was cooperating with the Anhui faction, but it seemed that Lu's actions were not consistent, because Sun Yat-sen opposed "joint governance". The self-government movement was the third route after the split between the North and the South. Not only the southwestern provinces enthusiastically chose this route, but also many people's groups in the northern provinces enthusiastically responded to "self-government". Therefore, this new trend runs from south to north and from west to east. , invaded the area ruled by the Beijing regime. Lu Yongxiang not only issued a telegram, but also telegraphed Hunan, which was the first to formulate the provincial constitution, and asked Zhao Hengti to preside over a joint meeting of the provinces. The Beijing government was unable to send troops to attack Zhejiang, so it was unable to remove Lu Yongxiang. It could only send people to Zhejiang to persuade him not to further promote self-government. Although Zhao Hengti was the one who advocated the provincial constitution, and Hunan was the first province to formulate the provincial constitution, he had reservations about Lu Yongxiang's request. He thought that he was not famous enough to call a joint meeting of the provinces. The three provinces of Guizhou and Guizhou proposed to hold a joint meeting of Hunan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces first, issue a declaration, and then gradually expand to absorb other provinces to join. The three provinces of Yunnan, Sichuan, and Guizhou also agreed with Zhao's proposal, and Chen Jiongming also actively supported it behind the scenes. However, Hunan has to resolve the war of "aiding Hubei" first. After the victory of the war of aiding Hubei, the prestige of Hunan will be greatly shaken, and Hubei will naturally join in self-government. up. The failure of the War to Aid Hubei was a severe blow to the Federation of Provinces' Autonomy Movement, and the Federation of Provinces Conference or the organization of a third government fell through. How did Shaanxi react to the dismissal of Chen Shufan by the Beijing government?It turned out that after Chen was dismissed, he ordered military officers above the head of the Shaanxi regiment to jointly request the Beijing government to take back the order. At the same time, he also sent a large number of representatives to various provinces in the Southwest to make contact with him, preparing to declare "Shaanxi autonomy" and join the "United Governance Faction" in the Southwest.However, the situation in Shaanxi at that time was very unfavorable to Chen Shufan, because there was the Jingguo Army in the north of Shaanxi, led by Yu Youren, and the Shaanxi People's Army led by Guo Jian in the south, so Xi'an was caught in a double attack. At the same time, the Zhili dispatched the 11th Division Feng Yuxiang via Tongguan, and the 7th Division Wu Xintian via Jingziguan, and cooperated with the 20th Division Yan Xiangwen to quickly drive to Shaanxi. Zhili and the Yasukuni Army established an agreement to cooperate in expelling Chen.In this desperate situation, Chen Shufan had no choice but to make plans to step down or fight in a desperate situation.On the one hand, he demanded that the Beijing government pay off the arrears, and reorganize his troops into four divisions and three mixed brigades as a condition for stepping down. On the other hand, he prepared to resist. If the resistance failed, he planned to flee to Hanzhong and join forces with Liu Cunhou's Sichuan Army. Conserve the last corner of Shaanxi. In early July, the Seventh Division entered Wuguan and Longjuzhai from Jingziguan, and the Eleventh Division went straight from Tongguan to Weinan. After the 20th Division advanced to the dam twenty miles away from Xi'an, Chen led his troops to withdraw from Xi'an and retreated to Hanzhong through Xianyang, Xingping, Meixian, and Xinkouzi.When Chen left, he brought more than 3,000 suitcases and baskets, and even the glass floor of the Warlord's Office was pried open and taken away. Before Chen left Xi'an, he cried loudly to his elders in Shaanxi, claiming that he had been a military governor in Shaanxi for several years, but he was still a pauper, and asked himself where he could live.But his cronies told people that the wealth he collected was as much as 5 million. Yan Xiangwen took over as the governor of Shaanxi, and the situation in Shaanxi seemed quiet.He called on the Shaanxi People's Army to go to Xi'an to accept the reorganization, so Guo Jian, the leader of the People's Army in southern Shaanxi, responded first, and went to Xi'an from Fengxiang to contact and accept the reorganization. On August 13, Feng Yuxiang and Wu Xintian hosted a banquet in Xiguan Lecture Hall to welcome Guo. Guo Xinran went to the banquet, and when they were drinking and having fun, they suddenly gave an order, and the ambushes came out. They immediately pushed Guo to the school grounds and beheaded him, and hung Guo's bloody head on the bell tower for public display. Unexpectedly, on August 23, Yan Xiangwen, the new governor of Shaanxi Province, suddenly swallowed opium and committed suicide. Elders." This suicide note is quite similar to Li Chun, the governor of Jiangsu, but it is said that Yan did not commit suicide. On the 25th, the Beijing government appointed Feng Yuxiang as the governor of Shaanxi. The commander-in-chief of the Shaanxi Yasukuni Army, Hu Jingyi, convened the "National Assembly" in Sanyuan, and approved the abolition of the Yasukuni Army. On October 27, the Beijing government appointed Hu as the temporary division commander of the Shaanxi First Division. Chen Shufan fled to Hanzhong, and after getting in touch with Liu Cunhou, he changed his titles successively to "Commander-in-Chief of the Shaanxi French Protectorate Army" and "Commander-in-Chief of the Northwest Autonomy Support Army".On November 16, they were forced to withdraw from Hanzhong again, and fled from Maobakou to Pingli, Chengkou, and Zhenping on the borders of Shaanxi, Hubei, and Sichuan provinces.