Chapter 137 136. Southern warlords go their own way

The northern lineage and the Guangxi lineage are entangled. If the southwestern soldiers can really support Sun Yat-sen under the banner of protecting the law, then the situation between the north and the south will change.It is a pity that the Southwest warlords did not support Sun, and the Guangxi faction did not cooperate with the Kuomintang, so the situation in the south is as complicated as the situation in the north. In Guangzhou, the Guangxi faction has the power of the Guangxi faction, the local soldiers are the strength of the local soldiers, and the Kuomintang is the power of the Kuomintang. On November 30, 6, Mo Rongxin, the new governor of Guangdong, went to Jiang'an to meet Wu Tingfang from Shanghai, and was assassinated Missed.Guangdong local soldiers also had conflicts with the Guangxi faction. Governor Li Yaohan resigned as a means of demonstration. The Kuomintang Cheng Biguang and others took the opportunity to push Hu Hanmin to succeed Guangdong governor. automatic reinstatement.With Zhaoqing as his base camp, Li became a country of his own. He was united with Li Fulin, commander of the Fujun Army in Guangzhou, and Wei Bangping, commander of the guard army and police chief, and the Guangxi clique could do nothing to them.

There is also a Dian army in Guangdong, consisting of two divisions, the third and fourth divisions.At this time, divisions also occurred. Tang Jiyao ordered the transfer of this Yunnan army back to Yunnan because of his disadvantage in fighting in Sichuan, and planned to move to Sichuan to fight.Zhang Kairu, the commander of the Third Division of the Dian Army, ignored it. Fang Shengtao, the commander of the Fourth Division, was from Fujian.Therefore, the Dian army was divided into two forces, and both the Dian and Guangxi cliques fought for the leadership of this army.Tang Jiyao entrusted Li Liejun as the liaison officer in Guangdong and the commander-in-chief of the Yunnan Army stationed in Guangdong. The Guangxi faction also entrusted Li Gengen, who had a history with the Yunnan Army, to supervise Beijiang's defense.Li Liejun and Li Genyuan were both non-commissioned officers and classmates, and fought side by side in the battle to protect the country, but at this time there was friction over the leadership of the Yunnan Army.

When the Zhili and the Guangxi colluded, the Zhili asked the Guangxi to cancel its independence, disband the military government and the extraordinary parliament. The Guangxi did not fully follow the Zhili's request because it also had difficulties. Lineup: On the one hand, the KMT also has armed force, especially the navy, so it is very wary.However, the Guangxi faction did not support the Kuomintang, but secretly colluded with the powerful factions in the southwestern provinces to organize the "Provincial Federation of Legal Protection" in order to dismantle and protect the French military government.

Sun Yat-sen was very angry at the Guangxi faction's method of riding the fence. Therefore, he also actively enriched the strength of the Kuomintang, enlisted soldiers from Guangdong to serve as allies, and sent people to counties to recruit militias to expand their strength.Guangdong Governor Mo Rongxin issued an order to all counties to shoot the recruitment committee members appointed by Sun as bandits on the spot. In Zengcheng County alone, 69 recruitment committee members were killed.Sun felt bitterly that the warlords in Guangdong and Guangxi had no revolutionary ideas, so he wanted to lead troops to Fujian to seek another development, but the Guangxi faction refused to provide material support. In late December, two more recruiting committee members were arrested in Guangzhou. Sun wrote to Mo Rongxin asking for bail.

On January 3, 7th year of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen secretly ordered the navy, Yunnan army and local soldiers to carry out a military raid in the name of Grand Marshal to overthrow the rule of the Guangxi faction in Guangdong.After receiving the order, the Yuzhang and Tong'an ships of the navy sailed out of Guangzhou according to the designated time and fired artillery at Guanyin Mountain as a signal for the incident.When the shell hit Guanyin Mountain, Guangdong Governor Mo Rongxin hurriedly ordered to turn off the lights to avoid exposing the target, and at the same time not to fire back fire. He also called the Office of the Chief of the Navy of the Haichen Ship and asked Cheng Biguang to mediate.Cheng immediately sent the Haichen ship to order the Yuzhang and Tong'an ships to stop shelling, and ordered the two ships to return to the provincial capital.The two ships did not receive a response from the army after firing their guns, and they received an order from the chief, so they had to sail back to the provincial capital. The two captains were also dismissed.

Although Cheng Biguang is a member of the Kuomintang, he does not approve of radicalization and opposes the internal division of Guangdong. As early as November 15, 6, Sun Yat-sen ordered the navy to bombard Guanyin Mountain to expel Chen Bingkun, the former warlord. This was not realized because of Cheng Biguang's opposition. With the support expressed by the local soldiers, they avoided Cheng Biguang and ordered directly. If all parties supported Sun's decision at that time, the Guangxi faction might be driven out of Guangdong.But at that time, everyone was thinking for themselves, opinions were not unified, and actions were not strong, so Sun's plan to expel the Guangxi family from Guangdong was aborted.

Mo Rongxin dealt with the attack of the naval warship calmly and did not fight back. This method was very clever. The next day, the veterans of the Kuomintang and the Guangxi clique unanimously advocated mediation for this emergency.Sun Yat-sen put forward five conditions to the Guangxi faction: (1) recognize the military government as the highest leading body of the provinces protecting the law; (4) The arrested militia representatives are handed over to the military government, and (5) Guangdong diplomats are appointed by the military government.Mo Rongxin replied: The first to third items must be consulted with the Lu patrol envoy, and the fourth and fifth items should be revised to "require the consent of the military government."Mo Rongxin's reply was equivalent to not accepting a single condition.However, the tense situation between the law-protecting military government and the Guangxi faction has finally come to an end.Huang Dawei, the new Chief of Staff of the Generalissimo's Mansion, issued a statement publicly denouncing the warlords of the Guangxi clique for "Dai Feng refused to join the war and begged for peace", but at the end said: "The warlord has the courage to admit his mistakes and is willing to express his apology."

On January 9, Sun Yat-sen entertained people from all walks of life to explain the truth of the incident, emphasizing that "the military government is the only legal government of the Republic of China. If the military government is not recognized, and the Beijing government is not recognized, China is not an anarchic country." Then Sun pointed out that since the establishment of the military government, due to the non-cooperation of the local authorities, it has become useless and hindered military opportunities.As for the shelling of Guanyin Mountain this time, Sun said: Governor Mo did not fire back, but also accepted the conditions. The military government has a way out, so there is no need to be demanding.Finally, he said in an upright tone: I am willing to lead an army to the north to reduce the burden on the people of Guangdong. I would rather beg outside than increase the disturbance in Guangdong.

Mo Rongxin did not announce that Sun Yat-sen ordered the bombardment of Guanyin Mountain. His announcement on this matter was to describe the incident as a sabotage act by Long Jiguang's party members.Unexpectedly, Sun announced the inside story, but Mo Rongxin still issued a notice on the afternoon of the 9th, insisting that this was the Dragon Party spreading rumors and stirring up internal strife.and say: "This governor has been in the army for more than 60 years. He has been in the army for more than 40 years. He has no fear in his life. If there are traitors who disturb the law and order in the future, they should be suppressed immediately. If they become hasty at night, the merchants and the people should immediately sit behind closed doors. , to be resolved."

Long Jiguang, who was watching the tiger on Hainan Island, laughed at Mo Rongxin's statement. He telegraphed and said: "I received a daily telegram from Modai Governor, saying that Jiangye Youlong Party fired artillery in the provincial capital with the intention of disrupting. After sending a team to investigate and suppress, the bandits were scattered without a trace at dawn, etc. The investigation of our army's patrol, only in Gaolei, Yangjiang They belonged to each other, but they haven't gone to the provincial capital yet. If someone fires guns in the provincial capital at Jiangye, it will be quite powerful. The provincial capital is the most important place, and there are many soldiers and policemen. How come there are no captures in the locality, causing them to disperse without a trace. Daidu Mo The telegram is claimed to have been done by our army, and it seems to have been made in a hurry without careful inspection. But Jiguang is responsible for the locality, and the preparations were not made in time, which caused the gangsters to harass. While reading the telegram, there was no place to panic. There are not enough troops in the provincial capital, if you need help, please call to know immediately, and come here at the same time to do your duty."

Long Jiguang's "help" was to enter Guangdong mainland. On December 11, 6, he sent a telegram in Qiongzhou to accept the Guangdong and Guangxi patrol envoy appointed by the Beijing government.This position originally belonged to Lu Rongting, and the Anhui Department wanted to join forces with Long to defeat Lu, so Long was reassigned as a tour envoy to Guangdong and Guangxi.However, Lu Rongting actually published Yandian on December 14, saying that he "obeyed the order and handed over".However, both Mo Rongxin and Li Yaohan refused to recognize Long as the tour envoy.Mo Rongxin, Li Liejun, Cheng Biguang, and Chen Jiongming also joined forces to attack Long Jiguang. After Long Jiguang received the name of the patrol envoy of Guangdong and Guangxi, he sent a telegram to order the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi to cancel his independence in the near future.At the same time, troops were sent to land in Xuwen, occupying the Leizhou Peninsula and several coastal counties.At this time, the Gui army was concentrating on the Chaomei area, fighting against Mo Qingyu, who had been bought by Duan Qirui, and the Zang Zhiping Brigade of the Northern Army who came from Fujian to assist Mo Qingyu. Although Chaomei was recovered, the situation in Guangzhou was tense again. Therefore, the army sent by Long Jiguang was able to go deep into the inland of Guangdong and occupy the Yangchun and Yangjiang areas. The difficulties in the Southwest are the same as those in the North, but more so. The two major warlords in the Southwest, Lu Rongting, carried out the Great Guangxi Doctrine, using the Guangxi Army to control Guangdong, Guangxi and expand to Hunan; Tang Jiyao carried out the Great Yunnan Doctrine, and regarded Sichuan and Guizhou as his sphere of influence.As a result, there was a struggle between the Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan armies in Guangdong, and a battle between the Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou armies in Sichuan.And Tang Lu competed with each other for the leader of the Southwest alliance, only asking the Beiyang forces not to infiltrate their sphere of influence, and bargaining with the northern warlords in the name of unanimity.There were also less ambitious warlords in the southwestern provinces colluding with the north, such as Liu Cunhou in Sichuan, Chen Fuchu in Hunan, and Mo Qingyu in Guangdong.All colluded with the North. In this complicated situation, Sun Yat-sen's situation is so difficult. When Li Chun and the main combat faction launched a telegraph war, the powerful factions in the southwestern provinces jointly sent a telegram to support Li Chun, persuade him to stay and support him.Tan Haoming deliberately listed Cao Kun as the direct lord and one of the four governors, and welcomed him to proclaim the two lakes and visit Hunan as soon as possible. On January 20, 1977, the "Provincial Federation of Dharma Protectors" instigated by the warlords of Yunnan and Guangxi was established in Guangzhou. The diplomatic representative, Tang Shaoyi is the financial representative.Although the main combat faction in the north wants to attack the Southern Army with real swords and guns, the Southwest still hopes that the Lai Zhili will make a compromise and the North and the South can negotiate peace. It is also presumed that Cen Chunxuan is the general representative of the southern peace talks, and still urges the Beijing government through Li Chun to speed up the peace talks. The north-south division has been established, the Anhui clique's policy of unification by force cannot be realized, and the direct clique's policy of peaceful unification is also impossible.So some people advocated "inter-provincial self-government".It advocates taking provinces as self-governing units, and the provincial councils formulate provincial constitutions, and then unite the provinces to form a "federal provincial self-government" in accordance with the federal system of the United States.They advocate decentralization and oppose centralization. As early as when Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor, Liang Qichao advocated the decentralization of power. Later, the research department led by Liang joined the Duan cabinet who advocated centralization and unification by force, so they put this idea aside, and now they repeat the same old saying. Xiong Xiling, the instigator of inter-provincial self-government, wrote a long letter to Cen Chunxuan, saying: "If you want to implement unified politics of centralization today, it will become more and more difficult in the future. It is really better to switch to federal politics of decentralization. You should be good at it later." The call for inter-provincial self-government is exactly in line with the requirement advocated by the provincial councils and groups in the Southwest to rule the province by its own people.This policy is also in line with the maintenance of territory and power by small warlords and localists in the provinces, so the demand for inter-provincial self-government flourished for a while. Tan Yankai was the first person to respond to this theory. He has a deep relationship with Xiong Xiling. He originally hoped for the support of the Guangxi faction. However, when the Southern Army occupied Changsha, Tan Haoming controlled Hunan's military and government with one hand, and he did not take Tan Yankai seriously at all. Although Feng Guozhang appointed him as the governor of Hunan and the governor of Hunan on December 7, 6, the Guangxi faction ignored him, making him stay in Shanghai and unable to return to Changsha. appeared, and sent a joint telegram with Cen to ask the Northern Army not to attack Yuezhou. He expressed his willingness to return to Hunan for mediation. In view of the fact that the main combat faction in the north must attack Hunan, instead of risking war because of controlling Hunan, it is better to abandon Hunan, let Tan Yankai return, and designate Hunan as a military buffer zone between the north and the south.Feng Guozhang also believed that Tan Yankai's return to Hunan could be a glimmer of hope to save peace.If Tan can persuade the Gui army to withdraw from Hunan first, then the main combat faction has no reason to insist on a military offensive. Tan asked the Beijing government to issue another truce order before he returned to Hunan, but Feng did not have the guts to do so. He only ordered Tan to negotiate directly with Cao Kun and Wang Zhanyuan when he returned to Hunan and passed through Hankou, so as to delay the military attack by one step. When the Northern Army was about to launch an offensive in Hunan, the Zhili faction in the north and the Guangxi faction in the south were still making the last effort to save peace.Under the instruction of the Guangxi faction, Tan Yankai traveled from Shanghai to Nanjing on March 3. He proposed a prerequisite for peace talks, that is, the Southern Army is willing to withdraw from Yuezhou first, but the Northern Army will not enter.At the same time as Tan Yankai was running, there were also provincial councils, who were preparing to hold a joint meeting in Nanjing to advance the North-South peace talks.Li Chun conveyed Tan Yankai's suggestion to Beijing, and at the same time advocated that the parliamentary issue should be submitted to the joint meeting of provincial councils for resolution. The Guangxi faction's efforts to conduct peace talks through the Zhili lineage were futile, because the Zhili lineage had no effect on the North-South peace talks at this time, and Feng Guozhang had completely succumbed to the Northern Warfare faction.Therefore, Feng could not clearly express Li Chun's suggestions and propositions. He only replied and asked Tan Yankai to go to Hankou to negotiate with Cao Kun and others. March 10.The Northern Army had already attacked northern Hunan, so Tan Yankai had no choice but to return to Shanghai in disappointment.