Chapter 128 127. Feng Duan fights secretly

Among the Beiyang Three Heroes, the dragon (Wang Shizhen), tiger (Duan Qirui), and dog (Feng Guozhang), the fate of the dragon is the roughest, and the fate of the dog is the smoothest. After Feng became president, there were many jokes. On August 23, the new supervisor of Saibeiguan, Lin Shejin, thanked the committee. Feng asked lazily and absent-mindedly: "Where are you from?" Lin replied: "I have lived in Beijing for a long time." Feng asked: "What are you doing now?" Lin replied: "I have just been sent to inspect Beiguan, and I am here to thank you." Feng asked even better: "Who sent you to inspect?" Lin replied: "The president's Appointment." Feng was stunned, and asked again: "Did I send it? When did I send it?" Lin said: "The decree has been published for a few days." Feng scratched his head, and said in a loud voice: "Yes, that day I Taking a nap, someone came to ask me to seal it with an order, it is probably your business."

Ms. Yixing Zhou, Yuan Shikai's tutor, married Feng as his successor. Others said she was blessed. After marrying Feng, Feng became a military governor, then vice president and then president. How did she know that this Mrs. Zhou was blessed and had no life? She only worked as a concubine for a month. The housewife of the "White House" died of illness on September 10.Feng asked Xia Tonghe, the number one scholar, to inscribe the subject, which was "the spiritual seat of Mrs. Zhou, the wife of the President".People who saw it were baffled, and people from the Secretariat of the Presidential Palace and the Court of Honor shook their heads. The people who came to salute were also a little bit dumbfounded at this tablet. Everyone said: President Sun Da and President Li Da are still alive. Who is the wife of the great president?Feng was very upset when he heard this.However, Chinese superstition says that the theme cannot be rewritten, so we have to make mistakes.Afterwards, there were also jokes in the thank-you post. The mourner was not only famous for Feng, but Feng's son named "Feng Strictly Ordered", which aroused people's criticism: If you are the president, your wife can't be your husband, and your father can't even die. Do you think it's a child?

Hejian, Feng's hometown, is a plain. There are many trees planted in the past dynasties. The oldest one goes as far as the Han Dynasty. In Tianjin, it was sold at a good price, and the local people were uproarious, accusing Feng Guozhang of being too shameful.Seeing that the anger of the public was hard to offend, Feng used the strategy of slowing down the army and invited the respected gentry from the village party in his hometown to Beijing to comfort him with kind words. The cost of the new tree should be fully borne by myself.Although the crowd felt dissatisfied, it was a done deal, and there was nothing they could do. Fortunately, the compensation had been agreed, and it was better to talk about it than nothing, so they returned to their hometowns to buy and plant new trees. Afterwards, they asked Feng for money, but Feng ignored it.In addition, the fish in the three seas were not allowed to be caught without authorization during the Qing Dynasty, so their reproduction increased day by day, and there were many of them weighing more than 100 catties. Feng Ju was a rare commodity, and he attracted dozens of fishermen. Among them is a giant carp, weighing more than 400 jins. It is a long-lived fish released by Emperor Guangxu on his birthday. The dorsal fin is tied with a gold medal to avoid death.The matter was heard by foreign businessmen, and they came to bid for it one after another. The asking price was raised to as high as 3,000 yuan. Buy it out of your pocket, and you won't be able to steal the chicken, but you will lose a handful of rice.

When Duan Qirui sent troops to Hunan, the split between Feng and Duan became superficial.Feng is different from Li Yuanhong in that he has status in the Beiyang military system, has military power, and is backed by the three governors of the Yangtze River.Feng's first capital was Li Chun, the governor of Jiangsu. Li was born in the Army Armed Forces School and had paid homage to Xu Shichang. He joined Beiyang Sixth Town in the first ten years of the Republic of China and stationed in Beijing and Baoding. Indissoluble bond.The Sixth Town of Beiyang was originally reorganized by the Wuwei Youjun. Duan Qirui, Wang Shizhen, Zhao Guoxian, Wu Luzhen, and Li Chun served as commanders (teachers) successively.In the year of 1911, Wu Luzhen was promoted from the governor of the sixth town to the governor of Shanxi. Li Chunsui succeeded him and went south with Feng Guozhang to participate in the Battle of Hanyang.After the establishment of the Republic of China, the sixth town was changed to the sixth division, and Li Chunsui was the first division commander.During the second revolution in the Guichou year, Li Liejun swore to fight against Yuan in Hukou. Yuan transferred him to attack Hukou, but the revolutionary army failed.When Yuan Hongxian proclaimed himself emperor, he transferred Ma Jizeng to Xiangxi to fight against the national army. Somehow Ma committed suicide suddenly. Zhou Wenbing, commander of the 11th brigade, was promoted to the sixth division commander. Brigadier Qi Xieyuan was promoted.Qi, nicknamed "Qi Blind", was born in a former Qing scholar. He ran a tabloid in Tianjin and contributed to "Ta Kung Pao".Since Feng Guozhang went north to become the president, Li Chun, a direct descendant general, was transferred to succeed him as the governor of Jiangsu.Li is a man with a false name. Before he left Jiangxi, he instructed the people of Nanchang to hold a meeting to retain him. On August 1, when the Nanchang General Chamber of Commerce held a meeting to retain the superintendent, he sent his adjutant Tan Yi to the meeting to ask for the retention telegram and read the wording. Is it acceptable.Sure enough, one gentleman suggested that please follow the example of President Li to lead the governor of Jiangxi, and the other suggested that Qi Xieyuan, the sixth division commander, should be promoted to the governor of Gansu. Some also suggested building a shrine, casting bronze statues, erecting Qusi monuments, etc.

The Provincial Council and the gentry, business, academic, and agricultural sectors all called to persuade Li Shuai to stay. Ouyang Lin, an 80-year-old man, was pushed out by all walks of life in Jiangxi to be a "representative of lying down". Before the start of the "Supervisor" festival, the police department Yan Enrong sent a number of patrolmen to order various merchants along the street to set up banquets, and each table rewarded Oceania with four yuan. Unexpectedly, only four companies complied, and temporarily asked Lu Fang, the vice president of the chamber of commerce. Going out in person, bowing and bowing to everyone, barely made up more than 30 seats. It is said that some of these street festivals only put fruit plates, and some are more sloppy, only holding some water or leftovers, and the cost is less than 20 cents. "Li Dushuai" Xu Bu passed by, and the owner of Lu Jue saluted respectfully. 200,000 skewers were put all the way to the riverside, and the school was on vacation in case the students lined up to send the "Marshal" to the foreign ship. The business gentry sent it to Jiujiang for other things, and some sent it all the way to Nanjing.

The most disappointing thing was the news reporters. They reported on the lace news that "Du Shuai" left Jiangxi and said: "Du Shuai" took more than 30 disciples and adopted sons when he left, and each person charged as much as tens of thousands of yuan. Withdrawing 300,000 yuan, the Finance Department entrusted the Bank of China to borrow 1 million yen from a Japanese banker.These news made Li Chun very depressed. After Feng Guozhang became president, he expressed his respect for the responsible cabinet system, and he did not interfere with Duan's administrative and decision-making decisions. Duan's attitude towards Feng was also much better than that of Li Shi.But they are two powerful factions, Feng is very scheming, Duan is headstrong, Feng is of course unwilling to be a president who is under the influence of Li Yuanhong, and Duan is absolutely unwilling to give up any power, so the dispute between the two is equally acute.

The first dispute is over military power, which has always been the focus of disputes between presidents and prime ministers.Not long after Feng took office, he wanted to restore the "Grand Marshal's Army and Navy Command Office", but of course Duan refused to agree.Duan set up the "Office of Continental Affairs" in the State Council to replace the "Office of Command" in Yuan Shikai's era. Feng wanted to intervene in major national affairs, and he didn't want to be a big president who had no real name and looked like a clay sculpture. Duan finally gave in on this aspect. From October 8, 196, he sent an official to report the political situation to the president every day.

However, the dispute between the president and the prime minister is not superficial, or a little compromise on one matter can be eased, so the power struggle has made the two Beiyang giants more and more rift. After Duan sent Fu Liangzuo to supervise Hunan, the Hunan gentry in Beijing asked the government not to use troops in Hunan. They petitioned Feng, who asked them to ask the cabinet. Feng Guozhang has nothing to do.Liu Jianfan and Lin Xiumei declared independence in Hunan, and the cabinet decided to issue a crusade order. Feng believed that this was a trivial matter and should be reduced to a minor one, so Feng refused to stamp the crusade order.Therefore, when the Hunan war broke out, the Beijing government's crusade order was still not issued.Someone described the situation at that time as follows: "The Duan cabinet declared no war to the outside world (referring to Germany and Austria), and did not declare a civil war."

The secret struggle between Feng and Duan was the struggle between the Beiyang faction and the Anhui faction.These two departments have their own strengths and territories in the military, but they also have their weaknesses.The direct line occupies the territory of the three provinces of the Yangtze River, but Hubei, Jiangxi, and Jiangsu are not connected, and because of the scattered terrain, the forces are not concentrated, especially Jiangsu is surrounded by the forces of the Anhui line on three sides.As for Feng Guozhang himself living in Beijing, he is also within the sphere of influence of the Anhui clique.However, the soldiers of the Anhui faction talked more on paper than they were willing to fight tough battles. Moreover, when sending troops to the southwest, they had to cross the Yangtze River and pass through the territory of the direct lineage. The military expedition to the south must obtain Feng's support.

Feng didn't stick to everything. The Hunan issue was an example. When Duan's pressure intensified, Feng softened. On October 22, Feng finally agreed to deprive Liu Jianfan and Lin Xiumei of their official positions and medals, and wanted them to be wanted. .Feng’s direct lineage was closer to Lu Rongting’s Guangxi lineage and had a secret alliance, so they were more concerned about Hunan and Guangdong and Guangxi issues, and had less contact with Tang Jiyao of the Yunnan lineage, so they didn’t care much about the Sichuan issue, so Duan was not affected by the Sichuan issue. Feng's containment.

Duan's unification of force, and the military conquest of the south cost a lot of money. Where did the money come from?There was only one way to borrow money. At that time, because of the fierce European war, Britain and France were unable to borrow money, so Japan took the opportunity to enter. At this time, Duan Qirui also wanted to use Japan's support to achieve his dream of conquering the South and reunification, so he reused Cao Rulin and asked him to also take charge of finance. Chief, Cao is a well-known pro-Japanese faction, and it was during this period that Duan later attacked and betrayed the country for the Chinese.In order to lend money to China, Japan formed a special bank consortium with the three banks of Korea, Taiwan, and Industrial Bank, which was handled by the Japanese Nishihara Kamezo. Later, it became the famous "Nishihara Loan". Comprehensively, during the six or seven years of the Republic of China, China’s loans to Japan were extremely large, and now these loan items are described in the following sections: (1) The first advance of the follow-up loan is 10 million yuan per day.On August 28, 2006, Chief Financial Officer Liang Qichao concluded an agreement with the representative of the Yokohama Specie Bank. The term of the loan is one year, the annual interest is 7%, and the salt is guaranteed. (2) Bank of Communications borrows 20 million yuan per day.On September 28th, the sixth year of the Republic of China, Cao Rulin, Lu Zongyu and the representative of the Japanese special bank group concluded a loan term of three years, with an annual interest of 7.5%, and all treasury bonds of the Bank of Communications totaling 25 million yuan were used as guarantees. (3) The daily loan amount of Jichang Railway is 6.5 million yuan.On October 12th, the sixth year of the Republic of China, Cao Rulin, Liang Qichao and representatives of the South Manchurian Railway concluded a loan term of 30 years, with an annual interest of 5%, and the property and income of the Jichang Railway as guarantee. (4) The daily sum of the first ordnance loan was 18 million yuan.On December 30th of the sixth year of the Republic of China, the Beijing Army Department and the Japanese Taiping Company concluded a contract. Both parties strictly kept secrets and did not publish the contract.The ordnance will be delivered by the Japanese side as cash. (5) The second advance of the follow-up loan is 10 million yuan per day.On January 6, 2001, Chief Financial Officer Wang Kemin and a representative of Yokohama Specie Bank concluded a loan term of one year, with an annual interest of 5%, and a surplus of salt as guarantee. (6) The radio station borrowed more than 536,000 pounds.On February 21, 2011, Liu Chuanshou of the Ministry of the Navy and the representative of Mitsui & Co., Ltd. concluded a loan term of 30 years, with an annual interest of 8%, and the income of the Wireless Telecommunications Bureau as a guarantee. (7) Cable Telecom borrows 20 million yuan per day.On April 30, 2007, Cao Rulin concluded a contract with the representative of China Huiye Bank. The term of the loan is five years, with an annual interest of 8%. (8) Jihui Railway advances 10 million yuan per day.On June 18, the seventh year of the Republic of China, Cao Rulin signed a contract with the representative of the Industrial Bank of Japan. The term of the loan is 40 years, the annual interest is 7.5%, and the property and income of the Jihui Railway are guaranteed. (9) The second ordnance loan was more than 23.6 million yuan.It was concluded on July 31, 2011, by Duan Zhigui, Chief of the Army, and a representative of the Japanese Taiping Company.The Japanese side will pay for the ordnance as cash. (10) Gold Mine Forest borrowed 30 million yuan per day.On August 2, 2001, the chief ministers of agriculture and commerce, Tian Wenlie and Cao Rulin, signed a contract with the representative of China Huiye Bank. The term of the loan is 10 years, with an annual interest of 7.5%. (11) Manmeng Silu advance 20 million yuan per day.On September 28, the seventh year of the Republic of China, Zhang Zongxiang, the Minister to Japan, and the representative of the Industrial Bank of Japan concluded the Manchurian Four Road (Kaiyuan Hailong to Jilin, Changchun to Taonan, Taonan to Rehe, Taonan Rehe to a point Seaport) preliminary loan contract, the loan period is 40 years, the annual interest rate is 8%, and all the current and future properties and income of Silu are guaranteed. (12) Jishun Gaoxu No. 2 Railway Advance 20 million yuan per day.On September 28, 2007, Zhang Zongxiang, the Minister to Japan, concluded a contract with the representative of the Industrial Bank of Japan. The term of the loan is 40 years, the annual interest is 8%, and the property and income of Erlu are used as guarantee. (13) 20 million yuan daily loan for participating in the war.On September 28, 2001, Zhang Zongxiang, the Minister to Japan, concluded an agreement with the representative of the Bank of Korea. The term of the loan is one year, and the annual interest is 7%. The total amount of the above borrowings is as high as 220 million yen.In order to seek financial abundance and carry out his dream of unification by force, Duan Qirui did not hesitate to drink poison to quench his thirst, ruined the country's power, and allowed Japan to borrow money in order to seize China's interests. China's losses due to Nishihara's loans are as follows: 1. Jichang Railway, Jihui Railway and Manmeng Fourth Road are all mortgaged. 2. Assignment of management rights for radio stations and cable telecommunications. 3. Transfer of gold mines and forests in Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces. 4. Transfer of Shandong Jishun and Gaoxu Railways. 5. The loss of the exchange of notes on the Shandong issue. 6. Chinese troops participating in the war must use Japanese officers for training. At the same time, the Japanese government suggested that China and Japan jointly establish the Fenghuangshan Iron Mine. China and Japan each invest 25 million yuan, and the Chinese capital can be advanced by Japan. It also proposed to build a steel factory in Pukou, hire Japanese technicians, and supervise it with Lu Zongyu.The news was first published in Beijing's English-language "Beijing News". Duan sent military police to arrest the chief editor of the "Beijing News", Chen Youren, and then sealed up the "Beijing News".As a result, it became an event of uproar both at home and abroad. It was widely spread: "China's ordnance will be managed by Japan, and all the arsenals and coal and iron mines in all provinces will also be controlled by Japan." Therefore, the people of the whole country and various groups unanimously opposed the ordnance. The loan and the Fenghuangshan mining contract demanded that the Duan cabinet declare the truth.At the same time, the American minister protested against the arms loan from China and Japan, and also demanded the publication of the Phoenix Mountain mining contract. The British minister believed that the Yangtze River Basin was the British sphere of influence, and Japan should not be allowed to get involved. Duan believed that the secret treaty was deliberately leaked by the presidential palace, and at the same time believed that Feng Guozhang deliberately fueled the flames and encouraged opposition.Because Li Chun, the governor of Jiangsu, convened a secret military meeting in Nanjing. As a result of the meeting, he not only requested to cancel the military equipment loan, but also asked to reshuffle the cabinet, because they believed that there were pro-Japanese elements in the cabinet, so they needed to be reorganized.Not only Li Chun, the governor of Jiangsu, was opposing it, but other governors of the direct line, such as Chen Guangyuan, the governor of Jiangxi, and Wang Zhanyuan, the governor of Hubei, all called the government to make it clear. On October 28, the Duan cabinet and the Japanese side drew up a draft agreement on the mining of Fenghuang Mountain.Li Chun called again, pointing out that Fenghuang Mountain is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province, and it is related to local issues, and the local authorities should be consulted first before signing the contract.The tone implied that even if the cabinet signed a mining agreement, he would not allow the Japanese to mine iron ore. Duan decided to go his own way, ignoring the objections. Before the contract was signed, it was sent to the table of Zhang Guogan, the director of agricultural and commercial affairs, which should be approved and signed by the director of agricultural and commercial affairs.But Zhang Guogan refused to sign. On November 1, Hayashi Quansuke, the Japanese Minister to China, personally went to the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce and threatened Zhang to sign.Zhang asked whether Lin Quanzhu represented the Japanese businessman or the Japanese government?Zhang said: "If you represent a businessman from your country, you should follow our Chinese mining regulations. If you represent your government, this is the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce. I have no status to talk to you. Please contact the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of our country. " Lin Quanzhu was speechless by Zhang's words, and he was too embarrassed to turn his face, so he had to withdraw.Not long after, he visited Zhang again, put on a friendly face, and suggested that the case should be transferred to the Ministry of War in accordance with the practice that the Japanese steel industry is managed by the Ministry of Military Affairs.Zhang replied: "This is our country's internal affairs, and you don't need to worry about it." Duan Qirui saw that the matter was tense, so he sent Sun Runzi to bribe Zhang with 1.2 million yuan, and the bribe was increased to 2 million yuan, but was rejected.Secretary of the State Council Tu Fengshu was also sent to persuade Zhang to leave Beijing under the pretext of inspecting the peasant associations in various provinces, and the deputy minister who acted for the ministry would sign the iron ore contract on his behalf, but Zhang also refused.Duan also adopted the method he used to deal with Sun Hongyi, the chief of internal affairs, and persuaded Zhang to transfer the governor of the province to avoid bearing the brunt of it, but Zhang refused.Zhang usually is easy-going, but this time he is very firm.Duan finally sent his confidant Zeng Yujun to visit Zhang and said many good things. He asked Zhang for help. Zhang said: "If you don't sign, you are doing the Prime Minister a favor!"