Chapter 20 Chapter 17 The Five Hu Rebellion (Part 2)

The Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms in the Eastern Jin Dynasty did not really become a country, so its foundation was not solid.It seems to be very powerful, but it is just that it has not met a strong enemy, and if it is defeated in one battle, it will be ruined.After the Fangtou battle, Murong Chui ran away due to suspicion.The former Qin took the opportunity to raise troops, and next year, the former Yan was destroyed.The former Qin eradicated Qianliang and had the potential to unify the north, but its foundation was not solid.At this time, the Han people in the north, without the leadership of the government, although they had powerful clans and more talented people, were able to secure a corner, or hide in the mountains, they could not produce a strong political power in the end, and the small number of Wuhu , Then have to run amok.However, they also have their own minds, and they are savage and habitual, which is quite difficult to control.If there is any wise chief among the Five Hu, he can only hope that the Han people will support him and be of one mind with him, and he will unite many foreign races to control the Han people. There is no such thing at all.If we want to rely solely on our own race and eradicate other races other than the Han, it will be (1) due to limited strength, and (2) the Han will not be willing to do our best for these alien races at this time, and these alien races are inherently barbaric It seems to be quite appropriate to use them as soldiers, so it is customary to rely on them as the main force. Cutting them off will weaken the strength of the army, so it is impossible to do so.Fu Jian's policy was to scatter the Di people in all directions and carry out a garrison policy, while keeping the other conquered alien races under their elbows for supervision.If his power could be maintained forever, it would not be a fault.However, if a mistake occurs, the Di people will be scattered in all directions, unable to gather, and there will be no basic team, and it will be bad.So at that time, when Fu Jian wanted to conquer Jin in order to unite, his moderate faction, such as Wang Meng, and his brother Fu Rong, all opposed it.However, Fu Jian was full of ambition and raised troops against the crowd, so he was defeated in Feishui in 383 years.The alien races in the north took advantage of the opportunity to rise up one after another.And Murong Chui took Hebei as Houyan, and Yao Chang took Guanzhong as Houqin.Fu Jian was killed by Yao Chang in 385.Zipi and his clan Zideng became self-reliant one after another. In 394, they were destroyed by Yao Xing, the son of Yao Chang.At this time, the Wuhu who invaded the Central Plains has become the end of its force.Because of the frequent attacks and wars, there were many deaths and the population decreased. However, the assimilation of the Han nationality was still going on gradually, and the combat effectiveness was weakening day by day.Those who still live outside the Great Wall are more vigorous and powerful.This situation has not changed since the end of the fourth century AD, when Xia and Tuoba Wei flourished, to the first half of the sixth century when the Erzhu clan and Yuwen clan invaded the Central Plains.After Ran Min's massacre, the power of Hu and Jie could no longer recover.Only the Tiefu clan of the Xiongnu, whose base is in Xinxing (now Xin County, Shanxi), is still a relatively complete tribe.The Tuoba family entrusted themselves to the Yellow Emperor, saying that they first established the country in Beihuang, and later moved south to Daze, because the land was "dark and dark", and then moved south to the hometown of the Xiongnu.Since it was entrusted to the Yellow Emperor, it is not enough to believe that its origin and prosperity should not be a lie.It migrated from Siberia to Outer Mongolia, and gradually migrated to Inner Mongolia.At the beginning of Jin Dynasty, its base was in the north of Shanggu, west of Shangyuan of today's Luanhe River.Liu Kun used his troops to defend against the Xiongnu and gave him the land north of Yanmen Pass.The Tuoba family occupied Pingcheng, from the east to the west of Chahar.At this time, from Liaodong to the east of Rehe, it was the Murong clan's sphere of influence.To the west is the Yuwen clan, and to the west is the Tuoba clan.When the Murong clan was in its prime, the Yuwen clan was oppressed by it and could not strengthen themselves, but the Tuoba clan was not.The Tuoba clan and the Xiongnu Tiefu clan were feuds.During Fu Jian's reign, the Tuoba family was in civil strife, and Liu Weichen, the chief of Tiefu, led Qin soldiers to break him up.Fu Jian even though Liu Weichen and his clansman Liu Kuren were in charge of his tribe.Liu Kuren is the son-in-law of the Tuoba family, and he protects his descendant Tuoba Gui.At that time, outside the Great Wall, from Yinshan Mountain to Helan Mountain, there were many sporadic tribes. After Tuobagui got older, he gradually conquered them and regained his power.Liu Weichen was destroyed by him, his son Bobo fled to Houqin, Yao Xing made him guard the north, and Bobo rebelled against Houqin to stand up for himself.After Qin was repeatedly defeated, the country's power declined. In 395, Murong Chui's son Bao defeated Hou Wei and was defeated by Canhebei (now Yanggao County, Shanxi).Next year, Murong Chui will attack Wei.The Wei people withdrew from Pingcheng to avoid the front.Murong Chui entered Pingcheng, but got nothing.When I returned to Canhebei, I saw the corpses of the previous defeat, piled up like a mountain, and the army cried loudly, and died in shame and anger.Murong Bao succeeded him.Tuoba Gui attacked in a big way, like overwhelming mountains and seas.Murong Bao abandoned Zhongshan, his capital, and fled to Longcheng, where he was murdered.The youngest son, Sheng Ding, became self-reliant in chaos, and Xuan was killed.The younger brother Xili, because of sexual abuse, usurped Feng Ba for him, and became Beiyan.His clan, Murong Denan, went to Guanggu (today's west of Yidu County, Shandong Province) and became self-reliant, known as Nanyan.Tuobagui took cold food powder, and the powder could not cure the affairs, so he did not send troops again.The situation in the north is temporarily quiet again.

At this time, a new force emerged in the south.After the Jin Dynasty crossed from the east, the situation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River has been stronger than that in the lower reaches, so that internal and external conflicts have occurred, and they cannot take advantage of the chaos in the north.Six years before the Battle of Feishui, Xie Xuanzhen Guangling (now Jiangdu County, Jiangsu Province) established an army of Beifu, which was unparalleled, and Liu Laozhi was the leader of this army.The battle of Feishui was won by relying on it.The situation of the lower class is actually stronger than that of the upper class.Emperor Xiaowu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty was a foolish person.At the beginning, he trusted Langya Wang Daozi, but later he became suspicious of him, so Wang Gong was ordered to town Jingkou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province), and Yin Zhongkan town Jiangling to prevent him.In the year when Murong was dying, Emperor Xiaowu also died, and Emperor Zi'an was established. In 398, Wang Gong and Yin Zhongkan raised their troops at the same time.Daozi was addicted to alcohol and stupid, while his son Yuanxian was young and somewhat talented.People colluded with Liu Jianzhi to defect, and Wang Gong was killed.But the high-ranking soldiers have been forced, and they refuse to fight again.Yin Zhongkan didn't know how to use troops, and he appointed Nanjun Prime Minister Yang Quanqi (Nanjun, governing Jiangling) for military affairs.However, Huan Wen's youngest son, Huan Xuan, still had power in Jingzhou and was also in the army at this time.In the Jin Dynasty, Yang Quanqi assassinated Yongzhou and Huanxuan assassinated Jiangzhou, and each gave a territory, so that the upper class soldiers retreated.Later, both Yin Zhongkan and Yang Quanqi were merged by Huan Xuan. In 402, Yuan Xian took advantage of the famine in Jingzhou and sent troops to attack Xuan. Liu Jianzhi turned against him again, and Huan Xuan entered the capital.Huan Xuan was an arrogant man. After he got his ambition, he took away Liu Laozhi's military power and planned to rebel against him. However, his subordinates were dissatisfied with his repeated defections and refused to obey. Liu Laozhi hanged himself to death.Huan Xuan thought that there was nothing wrong with the world, so he abolished Emperor An to stand on his own.However, although Liu Laozhi is dead, there are still many soldiers in Beifu. In 404, Liu Yu and others launched an army to challenge Xuan, and Xuan was defeated and killed.Andy reset.Liu Yu entered the central government and took control of the political power. All the heroes of the moment were distributed in prefectures and counties, and the situation in the south changed.

In 409, Liu Yu sent troops to destroy Nanyan.I want to stop the town of Xiapi and manage He and Luo, but there are changes in the rear.First, in 399, Sun En raised troops in Kuaiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) and plundered the coast.Later, it was broken by Liu Laozhi and Liu Yu, entered the island and died.His party, Lu Xun, was based in Guangzhou.Huan Xuan couldn't discuss it, so he was used as the governor.Lu Xun also took his brother-in-law Xu Daofu as Shi Xingxiang (now Qujiang County, Guangdong).During Liu Yu's Northern Expedition, Lu Xun and Xu Daofu took the opportunity to go northward, and went down the river until they approached the capital.The situation is indeed critical at this time.Liu Yu quickly returned to the army and defended the capital with exhausted people.Lu Xun and Xu Daofu couldn't overcome them, they retreated to the upper class, and were attacked and defeated by Yu.Yu sent troops to attack Guangzhou from Haidao and flatten them.Liu Yu then cut off dissidents.By 417, he made great efforts to destroy the Later Qin Dynasty.At this time, the Later Wei Dynasty was in the mid-decline; a corner of Liangzhou, after the death of the former Qin Dynasty, was divided again, but there was no powerful country in it (the chief Lu Guang, who was the general of Fu Jian, settled the Western Regions. After the defeat of Fu Jian, according to Gu Zang Standing on its own, it was called Houliang. After Juqu Mengxun, the chieftain of the Xiongnu, rebelled against Zhangye, it was Beiliang. Li Hao of the Han nationality took Dunhuang and called it Xiliang. Xianbei bald and Wugu took Ledu and called it Nanliang. The land of Houliang then Split. There was also Xianbei begging for Guoren, occupying Longyou, and became Western Qin. Later Liang was destroyed by Later Qin. Xiliang was destroyed by Northern Liang. Southern Liang was destroyed by Western Qin. Western Qin was destroyed by Xia. North Liang was destroyed by the Later Wei Dynasty. Guzang, now Wuwei County, Gansu Province. Zhangye, Dunhuang, today’s counties all have the same name. Ledu, today’s Nianbo County. At the beginning of the Western Qin Dynasty, he lived in Yongshichuan, and moved to Yuanchuan in Jinxian County, Gansu Province. Jingyuan County, Gansu Province today); although Xia has a fierce spirit, it is still a small country; if Liu Yu can be stationed in Guanzhong for a few years, the effect of expanding the cleanup and sweeping can be expected, then when the Southern and Northern Dynasties were separated, there will be a large number of people in China. The hope of reunification, the scourge of division for the next 170 years, can be avoided.However, the heroes of the old days were probably ignorant of learning.The struggle of personal power and sentiment is more important than the thought of serving the country and the people.As a result, people who rise at the same time and have equal expectations are often incompatible and have to cut off each other. This really causes a great loss to talents.The same is true of Liu Yu. By the time Qin was destroyed, all the rebels had been cut off.Although there are several brave generals under his command, they are all equally qualified, and no one can command another.And Liu Yu's confidential affairs in the rear were all handed over to a confidant, Liu Muzhi. At this time, Liu Muzhi died suddenly, and Liu Yu was worried, so he had to abandon Guanzhong and return, leaving a young son, Yizhen, to guard him. Chang'an.The generals were not in the same mind, and Chang'an fell to Xia.Liu Yudeng looked north of the city, just runny.The internal contradictions affect the external world, it can be said to be extremely profound. In 420, Liu Yu usurped Jin as Emperor Wu of Song Dynasty.It collapsed after three years.Emperor Zi Shao was established, but was abolished by Prime Minister Xu Xianzhi and others, and his younger brother Emperor Wen was established.Emperor Wen is also the master of the middle, but he has no military strategy, and the heroes and generals are gradually exhausted.In less than fifty years since the founding of the Beifu Bing, a new central force in the south has returned to decline.Tuobagui of the Northern Wei Dynasty stood on his own as Emperor Daowu.In the last years of Emperor Daowu, the situation was quite sluggish.Emperor Ziming Yuan also only guarded Hebei.Emperor Ming Yuan died, and his son Emperor Taiwu was established, and he became strong again.In 431 AD, Xia was destroyed. In 436, Yan was destroyed.The land of Liangzhou was also annexed by him.The world was then divided into the Northern and Southern Dynasties.