Chapter 79 Struggle against "encirclement and suppression"

According to the solid development of the Jin revolutionary base area, the rapid growth of the Red 26th Army, and the close echo with the Weibei base area, the Shaanxi Soviet movement has developed rapidly.It directly threatened the security situation in Xi'an and caused great panic to the Kuomintang authorities.The Kuomintang reactionary authorities allocated a large number of new guns to equip the reactionary militias in the counties around Zhaojin, and at the same time dispatched a large number of regular troops to join forces with the reactionary militias and other local armed forces to comprehensively "encircle and suppress" the Zhaojin Soviet area.The army and civilians in Zhaojin Su District rose up to fight against the enemy and launched a fierce struggle against "encirclement and suppression".

Since 1932, the Kuomintang authorities have dispatched regular troops several times.The Yaoxian, Juyi, Chunhua, and Yijun militia groups were assembled to carry out military "encirclement and suppression" against the Jinsu District many times, and they were constantly fought back by the soldiers and civilians in our base areas. On September 12, 1932, Hu Jingquan, commander-in-chief of the KMT Futong Yao Sanxian County Security Corps, dispatched deputy commander Dang Xie Fang, head of the Yaoxian Security Corps Ma Xizhe, and head of the Xiaoqiu District regiment Zi Zifa to lead the three , four hundred people.It is a delusion to wipe out the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas of our Red Army in the Zhaojin area.Under the unified deployment of Commander-in-Chief Xie Zichang, our Red Army guerrillas quickly retreated to the Jianping area, giving the enemy the illusion of fleeing. The enemy was really fooled and relaxed their vigilance on Zhaojin Street.While the enemy was still asleep, our troops withdrew quickly, and wiped out all the enemies we had "encircled and suppressed" at Zhaojin Tomb Beach in one fell swoop.Dang Xiefang was killed on the spot, and Ma Xizhe and Zizifa were captured alive.

February 1933.Two battalions of the enemy's regular army.Gathered militia groups from Miaowan and other places to jointly attack Shangyuyuan Village and Xiayuyuan Village in our Soviet Area. Due to the wrong interference of Du Heng's "Left" adventurism, the Red Army was forced to fight positional warfare. .Fortunately, the Weibei guerrillas arrived to respond, and the Red Second Regiment jumped out of the encirclement and switched to outside operations.Under the leadership of the special committee, the people in the base area deployed Taiwan guerrillas to attack and harass the enemy army, and used various forms to fortify the wall and clear the field. The enemy army was exhausted by the soldiers and people in our base area and was forced to withdraw from the Soviet area.

In late April 1933, the Kuomintang authorities appointed Wang Taiji, head of the cavalry regiment, as the commander-in-chief.With the strength of four regular army regiments and six county militia regiments, the Zhaojinsu area was "encircled and suppressed" in four ways.The Shaanxi-Gansu Border Special Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Party Committee of the Second Regiment of the Red 26th Army, the General Headquarters of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Guerrilla, and the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Revolutionary Committee held a joint meeting to decide on the special committee, headquarters, and revolutionary committee.Lead the guerrillas and the people to persist in the struggle in the Soviet area.The Red Second Regiment moved into the enemy's rear to find an opportunity to wipe out the enemy.This counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression" went quite smoothly.The main reason is that Wang Taiji, who was originally a member of the Communist Party, made a fuss and dealt with it during the campaign and perfunctoryly.Soon, the counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression" won victory with the brave resistance of the soldiers and civilians in the border areas and the cooperation of our underground party.

During the arduous struggle against "encirclement and suppression" by the 26th Red Army and the soldiers and civilians in the base areas.Du Heng returned to the Red 26th Army from the Provincial Party Committee.He ignored the victory of the anti-"encirclement and suppression" struggle, and was pessimistic and disappointed "in the border area is the time when mass struggles are upsurge and guerrilla warfare is unfolding".In particular, "shown the vacillation of right opportunism in the face of the enemy's 'encirclement and suppression'". On May 25th, the Red Twenty-Sixth Army returned to Zhaojin with a victory.In order to study the work in the Soviet area and formulate an action plan for the Red Twenty-sixth Army, June 17.The Shaanxi-Gansu Border Special Committee of the Communist Party of China held a joint meeting of party, government, and military leaders in Beiliang, Xujin.Attending the meeting were Du Heng, Liu Zhidan, Wang Feng, Jin Like, Xi Zhongxun, Shuang Miaozhai, Li Jiefu, Qin Wushan, Shi Keshou, Chang Wenmo, Gao Jinchun, Shuang Bingdi, Hui Zeren, Wei Wu, etc.At the meeting, Du Heng rejected Liu Zhidan and others who insisted on the Shaanxi-Gansu border base area, relying on the middle section of Qiaoshan Mountain.The correct opinion on extensive guerrilla warfare advocates that the Red Twenty-sixth Army leave the Zhaojin base area.Go south to Weihua to establish a new base area, and listed the so-called superior conditions for establishing a base area in Weihua.then.Du Heng disregarded "the unanimous opposition of the Provincial Party Committee, the Border Special Committee, and the Sanyuan County Party Committee."Force the Red Twenty-Sixth Army to go south.On the way, Du Heng left the army privately under the pretext of reporting to the provincial party committee.Soon, he was arrested and rebelled in Xi'an, and degenerated into an eagle dog of the Kuomintang secret service.Destroyed the entire Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee.After the Red Twenty-Sixth Army crossed the Weihe River, they were surrounded by the enemy, fought hard for a month, and finally defeated Nanshan.Hundreds of loyal Red Army soldiers spilled blood on the Qinling Mountains, and the surviving commanders and fighters returned to the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base in disguise to continue fighting.

After the failure of the second regiment of the Red Twenty-sixth Army to go south.The situation of the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base is very critical.Under very difficult conditions, the soldiers and civilians in Zhaojinsu District mobilized nervously and continued to fight under the leadership of Xi Zhongxun and Shuang Miaozhai. Three revolutionary armed forces, including the Fourth Regiment of the Red Twenty-Sixth Army, joined forces to Zhaojin. In July 1933, Wang Taiji, head of the cavalry regiment, driven by the nationwide anti-Japanese upsurge, responded to the party's call and resolutely led an uprising, announcing the establishment of the "Northwest Anti-Japanese People's Volunteer Army".After that, the uprising troops encountered setbacks with the enemy in Lululuba, Sanyuan.Wang Taiji then led the remaining troops to retreat into Zhaojinsu District.A few days later, under the support of the guerrillas, the Volunteer Army attacked the militia stronghold in Hougou Village, Zhaojin, and eradicated a major disaster in the Soviet area.

At the same time as Wang Taiji's Yaoxian uprising, the Yaoxian County Party Committee of the Communist Party of China formed the Yaoxian guerrilla group.After the guerrillas fought against local tyrants and raided militia groups, they transferred to Zhaojin Su District.In view of Chen Kemin, the leader of the third detachment who was born as a bandit, intimidating the whole team to mutiny, the general headquarters of the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrilla team organized the Yaoxian guerrilla team into three teams. In late July, the Sanyuan Central County Party Committee reorganized the Weibei guerrillas into the Fourth Regiment of the Red 26th Army in accordance with the instructions of the Provincial Party Committee.In the situation where the Kuomintang "encircled and suppressed" the Weibei base area with heavy troops, the Red Fourth Regiment also entered Zhaojin in early August after fighting fiercely with the enemy.

The successive arrival of the three revolutionary armed forces strengthened the crisis situation in the base areas and laid the foundation for the restoration of the Red Twenty-six Army. On August 14, 1933, the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Special Committee of the Communist Party of China held an enlarged joint meeting of the party, government, and army in Chenjiapo, Zhaojin.Attending the meeting were Qin Wushan, Xi Zhongxun, Zhang Xiushan, Zhang Bangying, Chen Xueding, Gao Gang, Huang Zixiang, Changsen, Wang Bodong, Li Miaozhai and the instructors of each company.The meeting assigned new urgent tasks for the three revolutionary armed forces to gather together, and decided to persist and expand the revolutionary base areas on the Shaanxi-Gansu border and restore the main force of the Red Army.The "Shaanxi-Gansu Border Red Army Temporary Headquarters" was established, with Wang Taiji as the commander-in-chief and Gao Gang as the political commissar.Unified leadership of the Red Fourth Regiment, Yaoxian Guerrilla and the Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army three revolutionary armed forces.

After the establishment of the temporary general headquarters of the Red Army on the Shaanxi-Gansu border, the Red Army pointed at the enemies of Rangniu Village and Miaowan, annihilating a portion of the Lei Tianyi and Xia Laoyao militias;Cracked down on the arrogance of the reactionary militia.Shocked by the prestige of the Red Army, the enemies around Zhaojin all retreated to their strongholds to protect themselves, and did not dare to attack the Soviet area for the time being. In order to expand the influence of the Red Army and base areas, and to raise supplies in various currencies, the Provisional Headquarters of the Red Army decided to switch to outside operations and attack Xunyi, Taishui and other areas.In mid-September, the main force of the Red Army began to move towards Xunyi.On the way.Near Qijieshi, he met a detachment of the northern Shaanxi Red Army guerrillas led by Qiang Shiqing, and then proceeded to advance westward.On September 25, our army planned to wipe out a section of the militia in Xunyi County in the Dimiao area.Then, our army disguised and outwitted Zhanghong Town, the seat of the Juyi County Government, suppressed the head of the county militia regiment, the secretary of the KMT County Party Committee, and a group of heinous gentry, and seized a large number of weapons, ammunition, cloth, grain, and silver dollars.The next day, our army returned to Zhaojin in the rain.

On October 4th, Liu Zhidan, Wang Shitai, Huang Ziwen and others went back to Zhaojin after going through many ordeals, and were warmly welcomed by the soldiers and civilians in the base area.The temporary general headquarters of the Red Army in the Shaanxi-Gansu border appointed Liu Zhidan as the chief of staff of the temporary general headquarters of the Red Army. Other commanders and fighters of the Second Regiment of the Red Twenty-sixth Army who returned to the Soviet area earlier also rejoined the Red Army, strengthening the leadership and backbone of the Red Army . On October 12, the main force of the Red Army went out again, and arrived at Heimuyuan, Taishui County, Gansu on the 15th; late at night on the 18th, our army captured Taishui County in one fell swoop with a surprise attack, and captured the enemy county magistrate and a group of gentry. A group of comrades were rescued by breaking the prison, and a large amount of supplies were seized.In a month's time, our army raided the battle belt with long distances, even conquering two cities, and the army's power was greatly boosted.

The rapid recovery of the main force of the Red Army, the continuous consolidation of the Zhaojin base, and the failure of the Kuomintang army's repeated "encirclement and suppression" shocked the highest Kuomintang authorities.Chiang Kai-shek strictly ordered the Xi'an Appeasement Administration several times to dispatch heavy troops to "encircle and suppress" the Zhaojinsu area.And conquer Xuejiazhai within a time limit.The soldiers and civilians in the base area, especially the Red Army and guerrilla commanders and fighters guarding Xuejiazhai, fought heroically without fear of violence. In late September 1933, the May 11 Regiment of the Liu Wenbo Department of the Kuomintang Garrison assembled the Leitian One Militia Group in Yaoxian County, the Xialaoyao (Xia Yushan) Militia Group in Miaowan, and the counties of Chunhua, Xunyi, Yijun, and Tongguan. The militia, take advantage of the main force of our army to leave Zhaojinxi to attack Xunyi.Colluding with the traitor Chen Kemin, he launched a frenzied "encirclement and suppression" campaign against the Zhaojin Soviet Area.After the enemy army entered the Soviet area, they divided their troops and approached Xuejiazhai in several ways, trying to quickly occupy the center of the base pool. At this time, the main force of the guerrillas was fighting in the area of ​​Laoyeling and Gaoshanhuai. Only the political security team of the Border Revolutionary Committee stayed behind in Xuejiazhai.Cadres and workers from logistics units such as the repair shop, quilt factory, and Red Army Hospital stepped forward one after another, took up their weapons and went into battle.The enemy came to attack the village in turn.Our army defended against danger.Fighting bravely, the enemy has been defeated many times, but it is still difficult to win.Our army deployed 15 minefields and fought back with self-made weapons such as "braided grenades".The enemy army was trapped under a solid wall, with corpses scattered all over the field, and no foot of soil could enter.In pitched battle.The mountain wind suddenly rose.The clouds are dense and the rain is torrential.Our army braved the rain to fight the enemy, and the more they fought, the more courageous they became.At this time, Li Miaozhai, Zhang Xiushan and others led the main force of the guerrillas to rush back from Xiufanggou.Our army won the first defense of Xuejiazhai.However, Comrade Li Miaozhai, the commander-in-chief of the guerrillas, was unfortunately shot and died in this battle. In mid-October, the Kuomintang army, with thousands of people and modern weapons such as cannons and heavy machine guns, launched a larger-scale "encirclement and suppression" campaign against the Zhaojin base.The relatives and enemies set up an interception line along the borders of Huangling, Yijun, Juyi, and Chunhua, with Sun Youren's spy group as the main force.Starting from Xi'an, crossing the Weihe River, passing through Sanyuan and Yaoxian County, Zhang Yanning, who fled from Zhanggelaoyahougouzhaizi to Xiaoqiu, led the way, and approached Xuejiazhai via the Sipo area.In the afternoon of the same day, Sun Youren led Wang Zhanyuan's battalion up the mountain, contacted Chen Kemin, a rebel who was far away from Longjiazhai, and transported a field artillery and a heavy mortar to Longjiazhai Mountain, and began to test the guns in Xuejiazhai.Unexpectedly, the first shell ejected from the chamber, killing a shooter.Sun Youren was only a few blocks away from the artillery position, and was killed by the bomb by luck.The second shell hit the stone wall of Shiya Kiln in Xuejiazhai, and our side suffered some losses.At this time, Sun Tuan's Yang Fuzhen and Wang Yi battalions were stationed in the Da and Xiaoyazi villages and the Xiufanggou area, adopting a posture of encircling Xuejiazhai.Sun also ordered the battalions to observe the surrounding terrain, deploy troops and step up preparations to attack the village.After five days of bombardment, Xuejiazhai remained unmoved. At dawn on the sixth day, the enemy was led by the bandit leader Chen Kemin.The secret is to climb up to Kujian in the north of the village from the cracks in the rocks of Senheli in the valley below the village cave.After fierce fighting, Wang Dingchao and other comrades were killed, and the enemy broke through our fortifications.Sun Youren saw the flames of Xuejiazhai in Longjiazhai; in Zhongtian, thick smoke filled the sky, knowing that the sneak attack was successful.That is to say, the artillery was ordered to fire more than a hundred shells, and violently bombarded the two gates and cliff caves of our Xuejiazhai, wounding several of our personnel. Although they resisted bravely, they could no longer control the situation.At this time, Liu Yuesan was looking at the top of the village, and saw that the base blockhouse in the north of the village had been lost. Taking advantage of the smog, Chen Shouyin, Bai, and Meng, the director of the medical department, rushed to bring the medicine box; Transportation captain Lao Xu and others; accountant Jiao Mengxun and logistics personnel Hu Jincai and a platoon of about 60 guards, caught the enemy by surprise and slid down from the cliff to the east of Xuejiazhai, tied to the branches with white cloth, to Heitianyugou. inside.Unexpectedly, we encountered the enemy again, and our army opened fire on the enemy first.After breaking through the encirclement, passing through the defile, and climbing up Beiliang Mountain to rest, the guerrilla succeeded Wu Daifeng as commander-in-chief and led the political security team and other departments to fight fiercely with the enemy. On the morning, the commanders hung the "Double Dragon Ball" white cloth on the cliff trees, and retreated to the foot of the mountain one by one. Fortunately, the enemy army was finally able to watch, so they were able to meet with the 17th detachment at Dangjiashan and live in Qinggangping that night.Zhang Xiushan, political commissar of the guerrillas, led a team of more than 80 people, and Yang Zaiquan, the secretary of the headquarters, carried mimeographs.According to the fortifications, after a fierce battle with the enemy, it was transferred to Qilichuan to rest and reorganize through Dangjia Mountain and along Tuerlianghou Mountain.Afterwards, the five, seven, nine, and eleven teams that evacuated were concentrated one after another.So guerrilla attacks were launched in the area of ​​Qijieshi and Qilichuan. After Sun Youren's troops broke through Xuejiazhai, they looted and destroyed wantonly, and ransacked and left.The reactionary militia Xia Yushan, Lei Tianyi, Zhang Yanning, etc. waited for profit when they besieged Xuejiazhai. At this time, they also burned, killed and looted the people in the Soviet area, brutally suppressed and savagely looted.Afterwards, Chen Richun's militia returned to Yaoqu, Xia Yushan's militia lived in Miaowan, Xiao Zhenshan's militia returned to Liulin, Zhang Yanning's militia returned to Xiaoqiu, and the traitor Chen Kemin still occupied Longjiazhai.Because the enemy killed Zhou Dongzhi, chairman of the Soviet government in Tuerliang; Wang Mantang, the land committee member, Wang Wanliang, the anti-revolutionary committee member, and many people in Yuyuan, caused serious white terror.At the end of October, they caught Duan Yang, a member of our Red Guards, at Jianchuan Cliff, and pushed him off the cliff into the valley.The reactionary militia and returning landowners also leveled the graves of Li Miaozhai and Wu Gong.The reactionary landlords also made up a reactionary ballad: "On August 23rd, Liangzi kissed thousands of people, with cannons and organs, they beat Xuejiazhai and Dangjiashan" to vent their revenge.Under the haze of white terror, the able-bodied peasants moved to the white areas with relatives, and the old and weak left behind were afraid of the enemy's counterattack, so they did not dare to approach the Red Army.At this time, mutiny and defection also occurred in the ranks of the Red Army.For example, Liu Shipu, the captain of a team, tied up political instructor Gao Jinchun and led his troops to join the enemy. Fortunately, party members Wei Shouchuan and Qiang Jiazhen joined forces to resist. Liu only took seven people to Sanyuan to join the enemy, and was killed by the enemy. Although this counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression" failed for the time being, the flames of revolution cannot be extinguished by any reactionary forces.The people of Zhaojin continued to actively cooperate with the guerrillas to persist in guerrilla warfare in Zhaojin and its surrounding areas.Many people risked their lives.Protect the wounded and sick of the Red Army and guerrillas who stayed in the area, and bury the remains of revolutionary cadres and soldiers killed by the enemy.Yang Yucai and other peasant association cadres in Xiaoyazi Village also led the masses to climb to Xuejiazhai on a snowy night, and rebuilt the tomb of Shuangmiaozhai and Wugong that the enemy had leveled.During the period of low tide, the revolutionary struggle was arduously carried out.