Chapter 33 Yang Chongyuan

Yang Chongyuan (1894-1933) was originally named Yang Jingxi, and his name was Hongyi.A native of Jidigou Village, Sishilipu, Suide County, Shaanxi Province.He lost his mother at the age of three. When he was eight or nine years old, he went through two years of elementary school on and off in the private school in the village, and then worked hard to study on his own.Practice a good handwriting. He lost his father at the age of 13.Forced to go out to do part-time jobs, long-term jobs, and shop assistants.Live bitterly for many years. In 1925, when he worked as a clerk in a company in Suide County, he participated in the civilian Yezhi study in the Shaanxi Provincial Fourth Normal School established by the Northern Shaanxi Special Branch of the Communist Youth League.With the help of a dictionary, he stayed up all night and studied progressive books and periodicals.Thought progress is great.In the winter of that year, with the help of Li Zizhou, a member of his party, through social relations, he entered the Shiqian regiment of Jingyuexiu, a warlord in northern Shaanxi (soon to be expanded into a brigade), and successively served as company chief and secretary.

He joined the Communist Party of China in 1926 and was promoted to company commander. He successively stationed in Yanchuan, Qingjian, Yichuan and other places. He actively trained the soldiers in political training, helped farmers establish agricultural associations, and carried out revolutionary struggles. In October 1927, he led his troops to participate in the Qingjian Uprising.After failure, he was not discouraged, and often said to his friends: "Failure is the mother of success. Our cause will definitely be successful." In 1928, Chang Chongyuan was instructed by the organization of Zhongqi, and through social relations, he went to Zunhua County, Hebei Province, Infiltrated into the Gao Guizi Department of the 47th Army of the National Revolutionary Army to do troop movement work, and served as the Secretary of the CCP Military Commission. His public identity was first the deputy chief of the division department, and then the military quartermaster.In Gao Guizi's department, he secretly developed dozens of party members.And established CCP branches or groups in some battalions.When the troops were stationed in Shandong, he also got in touch with the local CCP organization to support the revolutionary struggle of the peasant masses.

In the autumn of 1930, Gao Guizi's troops participated in the Central Plains War between Jiang (Jieshi), Yan (Xishan), and Feng (Yuxiang). After failing, they retreated to Shanxi. Soon got in touch with the Shanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China.According to the instructions of the Shanxi Provincial Party Committee, he rectified the CCP organization of Gao Guizi's department.Strengthen the education of the situation and tasks, pay attention to the development of members of the Communist Party of China among soldiers and junior officers. In the early spring of 1931, the Shanxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to establish a revolutionary armed force in the Luliang mountain area.Chang Chongyuan was ordered to participate in the preparatory work with Tuo Kekuan, Huang Ziwen, Yan Hongyan and Bai Xilin. He served as the director of the Fenyang Liaison Station of the Shanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and the secretary of the temporary branch of the Communist Party of China.April of the same year.The first brigade of the Jinxi Guerrilla Brigade of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army was formally established in Cun (now Xiquan Village), Loudi City, Xiaoyi County. Yang Zhongyuan served as the representative of the Military Commission of the Shanxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China and the secretary of the CCP Guerrilla Branch.They carried out guerrilla warfare in western Shanxi and wiped out hundreds of enemies in Zhongyang, Xiaoyi, and Fenyang successively, and the guerrilla team quickly expanded to more than a hundred people.The activities of the guerrillas shook the reactionary rule of Shanxi, and the provincial chairman Xu Yongchang sent troops to besiege.In order to preserve the revolutionary power, Liu Tianzhang, Minister of the Organization Department of the Shanxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China (formerly the Secretary of the Shanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China; the Shanxi Provincial Committee was changed to a special committee in December 1930. Liu Xian served as the Secretary of the Special Committee.

In March 1931, he became a member of the Standing Committee of the Special Committee and Minister of the Organization Department) the instructions to transfer the guerrillas to northern Shaanxi to carry out guerrilla warfare and the agreement between Liu Tianzhang and Zhao Boping, Secretary of the Special Committee of the Communist Party of China in Northern Shaanxi. Before and after crossing the Yellow River in early September, they were supported by the Special Committee of Northern Shaanxi.After crossing the river, according to the decision of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee, the Shanxi guerrilla group was renamed the northern Shaanxi guerrilla detachment, and Yang Chongyuan served as the political commissar of the detachment.The guerrilla detachment moved south to Anding County, and received strong support from Ma Wenrui, secretary of the county party committee, mobilized more than 30 local youths to join, enriching the strength of the guerrilla detachment.They adopted the strategy of "dividing troops to mobilize the masses and concentrating to deal with the enemy". They carried out guerrilla warfare in Anding, Ansai, Bao'an, Jingbian and other places.At the same time, it also won hundreds of armed forces to fight together with the guerrilla detachment, and mobilized the peasants to fight against the landlords to distribute food, which was welcomed by the people in northern Shaanxi.In accordance with the instructions of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China, the guerrilla detachment and the Baoyun armed forces moved south.In late October of the same year, he arrived in the Nanliang area on the Shaanxi-Gansu border and joined the Nanliang guerrillas led by Liu Zhidan.

At the beginning of 1932, the two troops were reorganized into the Northwest Anti-Imperial Allied Army.Xie Zichang and Liu Zhidan served as the commander-in-chief and deputy commander respectively, and Yang Chongyuan served as the chief of staff and member of the Chinese Communist Party Committee. In early January 1932, two enemy companies were wiped out in Taishui, Gansu. On February 12, under the order of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee, the Northwest Anti-Imperialist Allied Army was reorganized into the Shaanxi-Gansu Guerrilla Force of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army in Sanjiaxun, Zhengning County. Yang Chongyuan continued to serve as the chief of staff and member of the CCP Team Committee.He actively assisted the commander-in-chief Xie Zichang to command the guerrillas to wipe out the militia groups in Zhaojin Town, Yijun Yaoqu Town (now Yaoxian County) and Xunyi County in Yaoxian County, killing and injuring hundreds of enemies, and attacked Zhengning County twice. Shanhe Town. In late April, the county seat of late Xunyi was attacked and the reactionary county magistrate was executed. In May, Liu Zhidan served as the commander-in-chief of the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas.Yang assisted Liu Zhidan to command the guerrillas to advance hundreds of miles within half a month. After nine battles, they won eight times.More than 140 enemies were wiped out, and more than 1,200 long and short guns were seized.It shattered the enemy's "advance and suppression" against the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas.One day, the headquarters received information: a battalion of the enemy's 86th Division was marching from Yichuan to Yingwang Town for defense.Yang Chongyuan personally verified the information and figured out the terrain of Yingwang Town. He immediately formulated a combat plan and reported it to the team committee.After getting approval, he first sent more than 30 people to form a commando team led by him to occupy the commanding heights of Dongshan in Yingwang Town.Liu Zhidan led the main force to advance from Niuwu Town to Yingwang Town.At dawn the next day, under the command of Chang Chongyuan, the commando attracted the enemy with powerful firepower, and the main force took the opportunity to attack the enemy's garrison.The enemy resisted with temples, houses and other buildings.Fighting continued until noon.Commander-in-chief Liu Zhidan made a decisive decision and organized forces to storm the enemy's battalion. Yang Zhongyuan led the soldiers to shout to the enemy without losing the opportunity: "The Red Army guerrillas will not attack the soldiers! Welcome the soldiers to become the Red Army!" After the political offensive, the enemy officers and soldiers surrendered one after another. The guerrillas won the victory of wiping out a battalion of the enemy.In late December of the same year, the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas were reorganized into the Second Regiment of the 26th Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army.Yang Chongyuan was demoted to the head of the regiment's staff department due to the crowding out and attack of Du Heng, a "Left" erroneous executor.He put the party's interests first, still worked hard, and actively assisted the head of the regiment, Wang Shitai, in commanding operations.He moved to the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base and won several victories in a row, which rapidly expanded the red area, and the main force grew to more than 300 people. He also helped the local area establish five guerrilla groups.A revolutionary base centered on Zhaojin in Yaoxian County was initially formed.

In mid-May 1933, when the Second Red Regiment moved to Yangpotou, Juyi County, they encountered the first detachment of the northern Shaanxi guerrillas.Liu Zhidan sent him to serve as the political commissar of the first detachment of the guerrillas in northern Shaanxi.On the way back to northern Shaanxi, Yang Chongyuan led a detachment and encountered the enemy militia at Dongjia Temple at the junction of Ansai and Anding on May 1st.He was calm and firm, and together with the detachment leader Qiang Shiqing, he commanded the troops to fight tenaciously and defeated the enemy's attacks many times.More than 20 guns were handed over. On May 29, it was attacked by two enemy companies in Tanjialing, Anding County.Unfortunately, Yang Chongyuan was shot in the leg during the battle, and the comrades evacuated to Changgou Village with him on their backs.At this time, the enemy attacked from both sides again.Yang Chongyuan firmly ordered: "Leave me alone, one can save a revolutionary force by withdrawing one." The comrades couldn't bear to leave their political commissar behind and insisted on retreating with him.He said solemnly: "Don't blame me for implicating comrades and causing greater losses to the revolution. You retreat as soon as possible, and I will personally cover it." He used the broken wall as a cover to calmly block the enemy and cover everyone's safe retreat.At this time, the enemy screamed "catch alive" and rushed in front of him.Chang Chongyuan would rather die than be a prisoner. He aimed the last bullet at himself and died a heroic sacrifice. He was only thirty-nine years old.