Chapter 20 Chapter 6: The Battle of Zhiwan and Anhui Begins

Why were Sun Yat-sen, Wang Jingwei, and Chiang Kai-shek in the south so peaceful when the north was in such a mess?Don't they realize that this is a great opportunity to grow? Of course they knew it was a good opportunity.Sun Yat-sen even reached a peace agreement with Duan Qirui, and he wanted to win a peaceful external development environment for the "law protection base" in southern Fujian. After decades of revolution, Sun Yat-sen finally realized a truth: If you want to win, you must have your own territory and army.So he is very concerned about the army that nominally obeys him - the Guangdong Army.Although in essence, the Cantonese army is still a mercenary army.

Since the second half of 1918, when Chen Jiongming, Xu Chongzhi, Chiang Kai-shek and others led the Cantonese army to successfully open up a "law-protection base" with 26 counties in southern Fujian, Chen Jiongming, under Sun Yat-sen's orders or suggestions one after another, While mopping up the remnants of the Beiyang Army that had been defeated, at the same time, using the insufficient funds—Sun Yat-sen’s money support and local taxes paid to expand the army, the original number of less than 5,000 troops was finally expanded into two armies of more than 20,000 people. Looking back at the horrible times when the Huidang, which relied on tens of hundreds of people, fought against the Qing army, which was dozens of times larger than itself, these changes from the Cantonese army are extraordinary and gratifying.

But the problem is that Sun Yat-sen is not very satisfied with the commander of this army, Chen Jiongming. Although Chen Jiongming was a member of the old Tongmenghui who participated in the Huanghuagang Uprising, he did not pledge allegiance to Sun Yat-sen to join the Chinese Revolutionary Party.Moreover, Mr. Chen does not believe in the Three People's Principles. As for what he believes in, I will talk about it later. So Sun Yat-sen was not at ease with him. If Chen Qimei hadn't died early, he would definitely not be able to sit in the commander's chair.Therefore, Sun Yat-sen sent four people to divide the power of Chen Jiongming, who wanted to control this army.These four people are the aforementioned Deng Keng, Zhu Zhixin, Xu Chongzhi and Chiang Kai-shek.

Deng Keng has leadership skills, but he is too square. Zhu Zhixin had a strong revolutionary fighting spirit, but he was too brave and radical. Xu Chongzhi's ability is not bad, but his revolutionary fighting spirit is not very high. As for Chiang Kai-shek, his talent is naturally the highest among the four, but he is too impulsive. The problem of military personnel is a headache for Mr. Sun Yat-sen.But compared with employing people, there is a more urgent problem: how to feed this army?This really broke Sun Yat-sen's brain, after all, he still didn't know where to get money.

When it comes to getting money, we have to follow Mr. Sun's previous work method, which is to solicit donations everywhere. But decades have passed, and Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary projects seem to be getting worse and worse, far inferior to those warlords who did a good job.How does this make those old friends who went bankrupt and supported him feel?It is estimated that Sun Yat-sen himself was too embarrassed to come to the door and ask for money.Therefore, there are many ways to destroy friendship, and perhaps the most thorough one is to borrow money. After failing this way, even old friends no longer trust Sun Yat-sen, let alone others?Therefore, this way of fundraising is no longer feasible.What's more, the money raised from the donations is too little to be used at all.Look at Duan Qirui, the sponsorship is tens of millions of dollars.

With this mentality, Sun Yat-sen turned his attention to Zhang Jingjiang, his most reliable financial advisor. Zhang Jingjiang, a native of Nanxun, Zhejiang, is rich for three generations, loves adventure, good at making friends, and is good at foreign trade. His business covers the United States, Britain, and France, and he is very rich. Since there was no Forbes rich list at the time, everyone didn't know how much he was worth.Fortunately, there is a yardstick for us to study his wealth, and this yardstick is Lu Buwei, because Zhang Jingjiang is called "Lu Buwei in the Republic of China".Lu Buwei was a super rich man in the Warring States Period, and he was fully capable of competing for the title of the richest man in that era, so Zhang Jingjiang should also be a super rich man.

However, compared with Lu Buwei, Zhang Jingjiang is more enthusiastic and straightforward, which can be reflected in the process of helping Sun Yat-sen. At the beginning of 1906, Zhang Jingjiang, who had not yet reached his thirties, met Sun Yat-sen on a ship going to Singapore (or France), and offered to raise funds for him. At first, Sun Yat-sen didn't care about Zhang Jingjiang's words at all, thinking that he had encountered a big fool. After a year, Sun Yat-sen really couldn't get any money, so he sent a telegram to Zhang Jingjiang with the mentality of trying it out. Remittance.

From then on, Zhang Jingjiang acted as Sun Yat-sen's pocketbook.He made an appointment with Sun Yat-sen, and the password for the remittance was ABCDE. For example, A represented 10,000, then E represented 50,000, and Sun Yat-sen would send him a D or E at every turn, making him unable to cope.Even so, Zhang Jingjiang fulfilled his promises one by one. According to later statistics, Zhang Jingjiang's lifetime sponsorship of Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary funds was nearly a million taels of silver.This money is not gray income from corruption, it is all paid out of his own pocket. Later, the Kuomintang established its capital in Nanjing, and Zhang Jingjiang raised military salaries for Chiang Kai-shek, traveling back and forth.The most amazing thing is that when he was the chairman of the construction committee, he only had more than 100,000 yuan in public funds, but he built infrastructure worth more than 50 million yuan.Even Mao Zedong had to admit that this man had a way of making money.

Such a genius in economics, why is he so dedicated to the revolution? We can find the answer through his nickname "Republic of China Lu Buwei". What is Mr. Lu Buwei best at?political investment. Qin Shihuang Yingzheng and his father Ying Yiren (Zi Chu) met Lu Buwei when he was down and out.Others looked down on this troubled king and grandson who was a hostage in Zhao State, but Lu Buwei saw the great value in him (this rare commodity can be lived in), so he spared no expense, went around to give gifts, opened up various joints, and successfully sent him back to Qin State to ascend to the throne.In the end, Lu Buwei reaped rewards from Ying Yiren and his son - the seat of the prime minister of Qin State, who has power all over the world.With power comes money.

Therefore, Zhang Jingjiang is not a simple businessman. He is a businessman who can invest and engage in politics. He knows how to use his political status to gain a broader stage to display his talents. Therefore, he accompanied Sun Yat-sen through countless failures - from the various uprisings during the Tongmenghui period to the Revolution of 1911, from the "Second Revolution" to the War to Protect the Law. In the lonely and helpless years of Sun Yat-sen, he was consistent and inseparable abandoned. Therefore, he established a good personal relationship with Chiang Kai-shek, treated him as both a teacher and a friend, and repeatedly gave charcoal to him, and even sworn brotherhood with Chiang Kai-shek after Chen Qimei's death.

With his superb economic ability, loyal stand, accurate vision and dedication without regret, he later successfully realized his ideal - he became one of the most outstanding economic talents of that era and one of the four veterans of the Kuomintang. Sun Yat-sen called him a "revolutionary sage", and Chiang Kai-shek called him a "revolutionary mentor". It was just mentioned that Sun Yat-sen asked Zhang Jingjiang for help.Sun Yat-sen asked Zhang Jingjiang how to get a lot of money quickly. Faced with this difficult problem, Zhang Jingjiang had no good solution for a while.After thinking for a long time, he replied to Sun Yat-sen: Let's do securities trading, speculate in stocks, and be a stockholder, this will bring you quick money. Sun Yat-sen was not very good at capital operations, so he handed over the matter to Zhang Jingjiang and a person named Dai Jitao. Dai Jitao is a character that has to be mentioned.This person has a very strong relationship with Chiang Kai-shek-students, colleagues, and prostitutes, there is almost no secret between each other, and they became brothers because of this.In addition, the identity of this man is quite complicated. He is a member of the Tongmenghui, Sun Yat-sen's imperial entourage secretary, but later participated in the preparation of the Shanghai Communist Group, and then withdrew halfway. After all, he became a senior cadre of the Kuomintang. The topic returns to Mr. Zhongshan's stock speculation. In this context, the first comprehensive exchange in modern China, the Shanghai Stock Exchange, was established, and one of the major shareholders was a super rich man named Yu Qiaqing. Chiang Kai-shek, who was improving his self-cultivation at that time, also had a strong interest in doing business, so he couldn't wait to run over to find his eldest brother Zhang Jingjiang, expressing that he wanted to speculate in stocks for the revolution, and wanted to practice the economics knowledge he had just learned from Marx and others here. . Zhang Jingjiang couldn't help but give face to his righteous brother, so he simply gave him a sum of money to help the penniless Chiang Kai-shek become a shareholder of the exchange.In this regard, Chiang Kai-shek worked as a broker in the business department (Hengtai) of the Shanghai Stock Exchange to help investors buy and sell stocks. In the first year or so, the exchange has made good profits, and even Broker Jiang has made a lot of money.Of course, a considerable part of the profits of the exchange has been used to build the bases of the Cantonese army and southern Fujian law enforcement. But later, some merchants followed suit with jealousy, resulting in a shortage of funds for the exchange, and it closed down two years later. The stock exchange collapsed, and troubles arose. Stocks became waste paper. Stock holders came to press for debts. Shareholder Chiang Kai-shek was cornered. In the end, he had no choice but to become a protégé under Huang Jinrong, the leader of the Youth Gang, to settle the situation. creditor. Chiang Kai-shek's journey in the past two years has not been smooth, and he is often melancholy. When he was upset, he would talk to Yingying and Yanyan to relieve his worries, and he had a lot of debauchery.Fortunately, he has not forgotten the famous sayings of Zeng Guofan and Comrade Wang Yangming, and he can always rein in the precipice when he is about to completely degenerate, and preserve his bright future. Let us say goodbye to Mr. Chiang Kai-shek, who is struggling between sinking and redemption, and pay attention to Mr. Sun Yat-sen first. It is impossible to make a steady profit without losing money in business, and it is not enough to rely on an exchange alone, so Sun Yat-sen thought of making a strong support. The former good friend Japan can't be counted on, because Japan has already taken a fancy to other powerful figures, so let's set our sights on the Americans and Germans.Regardless of success or failure, we will send someone to contact us first. While Sun Yat-sen was thinking about money, he did not forget another important thing-reorganizing the Chinese Revolutionary Party. But Sun Yat-sen needed a right-hand man, because he was too busy all day long. Sun Yat-sen's ideal helper was Wang Jingwei.After Wang Jingwei briefly appeared in the last Dharma protection movement, he returned to France and lived a happy life with Chen Bijun.This made Sun Yat-sen very angry: the revolution has not yet succeeded, how can it be so decadent!Fortunately, Wang Jingwei has an advantage—as long as Sun Yat-sen calls, he is always there on call.So Sun Yat-sen called him back from France with a telegram. The Condor Heroes return, let's see what kind of turmoil they stir up. After finding the right right-hand man, Sun Yat-sen did work much easier. On October 10, 1919, Sun Yat-sen reorganized the Chinese Revolutionary Party into the Chinese Kuomintang. Note that this party is not Song Jiaoren's Kuomintang, and there are two more words: "China". This time, Sun Yat-sen got rid of the practice of swearing allegiance with fingerprints, which is really a wise move.These years of experience have taught Sun Yat-sen the truth that victory is not achieved by swearing allegiance. As many aspiring young people joined the party one after another, Sun Yat-sen finally let out a long breath: Looking back on the past year or so, it was indeed going well, but what will happen in the coming year? Just when Sun Yat-sen was full of doubts about the future, Feng Guozhang, the once all-powerful "dog of Beiyang", direct line leader, and former acting president of the Republic of China, had come to the end of his life. On December 28, 1919, Feng Guozhang left his Beiyang brothers and went to Bliss alone. It is true that his death was not more important than Mount Tai, but it was also fatal.Because of the secret battle between the Zhili and Anhui factions during the "May 4th Movement", the two factions, which were already in a tense relationship, were pushed to the brink of fighting. If Feng Guozhang is still there, with his art of compromise and status in the world, he may be able to control the situation. But when Feng Guozhang died, Cao Kun took over as the head of the direct line, and Wu Peifu was the most capable general in the head of Cao.These two people are both masters who can't afford to suffer and gain power, but Duan Qirui, the head of the Anhui Department, and Xu Shuzheng, the core disciple, are also extremely strong. The point of the needle is against the wheat, and the fight between the Zhiwan and Anhui factions is inevitable. It depends on when and because of the incident. Soon, the time will come! Remember when Wu Peifu was stationed in Hengyang, Hunan Province after the war to protect the law?Time flies, and two years have passed in a flash, and Wu Peifu's army has been very impatient in Hengyang. On the surface, it seems that most of Wu Peifu's soldiers are from the north, who cannot stand the humid and hot southern climate.In fact, the real reason was that Wu Peifu couldn't stand one person—Zhang Jingyao, commander of the Hunan Provincial Military Region. First of all, this guy is a member of the Wan family, and he always wears Wu Peifu's small shoes.Second, this Zhang Jingyao is a scum, so bad that he is bleeding pus, and he does all kinds of evil. The people in Hunan really can't bear his harm. Even Mao Zedong once ran to Beijing to sue President Xu Shichang on behalf of the people in Hunan. Wu Peifu also mentioned the withdrawal of troops before, but Duan Qirui did not approve.But this time, Wu Peifu was determined to withdraw to the north no matter what. He didn't want to see Duan Qirui's face, and he didn't care whether the government approved it or not. Of course, superficial work still needs to be done. According to the normal procedure, Wu Peifu first sent a telegram to the central government, requesting to "disarm and return to the north."Seeing Wu Peifu's disobedience, Duan Qirui was extremely angry, and immediately called back to put a big hat on Wu Peifu: You despise the central government, you don't observe military discipline! Seeing Duan Qirui's refusal to go on the road, Wu Peifu tore his face completely, and did not stop, and directly called back to scold Duan Qirui, the leader of the central government: You are a militaristic, traitorous country, what right do you have to scold me?I have decided to withdraw to the north, and it cannot be changed! Wu Peifu not only scolded happily, but also acted happily. In May 1920, Wu Peifu led his army to retreat northward from the Hengyang front. As soon as Wu Peifu left, Zhao Hengti arrived on the back and followed Wu Peifu's buttocks to "recover the lost ground".The timing is too good, right?Of course, Zhao Hengti has already joined Wu Peifu, and the two are acting together. Zhang Jingyao's ability to bully the people and his subordinates is excellent, but his ability to fight is mediocre.Zhao Hengti's Hunan Army captured Hunan in only a dozen days.From this point of view, it was a huge wrong decision for Duan Qirui to hand over Hunan to Zhang Jingyao for his own selfishness. Completely tearing his skin apart, Wu Peifu didn't save Duan Qirui any face at all. The problem of face has always been a big problem for Chinese people.A scholar can be killed but not humiliated, not to mention that Duan Qirui is not an ordinary scholar.He has always been a madman who only allowed himself to bully others and not let others bully him, so Duan Qirui made up his mind to show Wu Peifu some color. Cao Kun, Wu Peifu's old superior and the new head of the direct line, naturally got the inside information - Wu Peifu's report.But instead of complaining that Wu Peifu was causing trouble for him, he cheerfully stood up and wiped Wu Peifu's ass.Because Cao Kun saw an opportunity, a chance to become the president.He also wanted to have a taste of the great president. However, Master Cao and General Wu Meng knew that their own strength did not have the upper hand, and they might not win in a fight, so what should they do? The two thought of the first of the "Three Secrets of Warlords' Mixing the World"-pull people into the water, if they can fight in groups, they will never fight alone.There are many people and strength, if you really can't beat it, everyone will finish together, and the one who pulls a back will feel better even if they lose. Who can pull?There really is such a very suitable candidate - Zhang Zuolin. Hasn't Zhang Zuolin been very happy to cooperate with Duan Qirui all the time, how come he became the best partner against Duan Qirui again? This matter is related to Xu Shuzheng.Success also Xu Shuzheng, failure also Xu Shuzheng.Specifically, it was because the friendship between Xu Shuzheng and Zhang Zuolin broke down.The reason for the rupture is one word: money. Money is a thing that is honey when used well, but it is a knife when used poorly. The last time Zhang Zuolin took advantage of Xu Shuzheng but didn't work hard, playing tricks on Xu Shuzheng, which hurt Xu Shuzheng's self-esteem. Xu Shuzheng decided to get the place back, so he used all means to withhold millions of military expenses allocated to Zhang Zuolin by the central government.One is to teach Zhang Zuolin a lesson, and the other is to use it to expand his army. But Zhang Zuolin was willing to suffer, so he immediately sued Xu Shuzheng at Duan Qirui.Duan Qirui had to give face to the "Northeast King" so as not to damage the united front, so he asked Xu Shuzheng to divide the trained army into Zhang Zuolin's part to settle the matter. Xu Shuzheng suffered a dull loss again.The two fell out.Xu Shuzheng was narrow-minded and unreasonable. Whoever dares to make trouble with him, he must solve the other party. Now, Xu Shuzheng's chance came. The Zhili faction was about to start a war with the Anhui faction, so Xu Shichang invited Mr. Zhang Zuolin to come to Beijing to act as a peacemaker to help both the Zhili and Anhui factions sober up, and not to talk things out with guns. But no one expected that the daring Xu Shuzheng would actually hold a grand banquet in the name of "eating a big meal to reminisce about old love", and wanted to kill Zhang Zuolin.Fortunately, Zhang Zuolin's nose is as alert as the hero Lu Xiaofeng described by Gu Long. He smells danger and escapes at a critical moment by urinating. According to historical data, Xu Shuzheng assassinated Zhang Zuolin twice later, but without success. Therefore, faced with the invitation from his immediate family, does Zhang Zuolin have any reason to refuse? In order to deal with the common enemy of interests, the Zhili and Fengli came together and established the Anti-Anhui Alliance. Cao Kun and Zhang Zuolin want to do something, isn't it just an excuse for Duan Qirui to "unify China by force"?Duan Qirui has been waiting for this opportunity for a long time. The pre-war preparations for the straight and Anhui sides are going on intensely and orderly. Time soon entered July, and these days, the sky in northern China is covered with dark clouds of war. According to the political image beautification method deduced from the "Three Keys to the Warlord's Mixed World", "Being a bitch, you have to set up a memorial archway", "You can be shameless, but you can't be shameless." The two sides decided to play the golden signboard of "justice".Because once the people of the whole country know that they are not only shameless but also shameless, they will attract overwhelming condemnation from the public opinion, which is really difficult to deal with. Cao Kun and Wu Peifu set a very righteous slogan for their "rebel army"--Duan Qirui and Xu Shuzheng are traitors who betray the country and flatter foreigners. Today's battle is a fight to save the country!It's fighting for the nation!It's fighting for peace! Zhang Zuolin was also very cooperative with his allies. He sent a telegram to the whole country and said: I will send the army out of Tongguan to join the rebel army, and work together to eliminate Duan Qirui, Xu Shuzheng and other traitors! Not to be outdone, Duan Qirui named his army "Dingguo Army", which was more prestigious than the "Rebel Army", and the reason for leaving the army was justified-Wu Peifu colluded with the South and betrayed the Central Committee.Because Wu Peifu led his army to withdraw northward after receiving the 300,000 starting fee from the Guangzhou government controlled by Tang Jiyao and Lu Rongting. After the tricks of spitting each other, both sides have finished their preparations, and the next step is to fight with real guns and live ammunition. On July 14, 1920, the Zhiwan War began. The area around Zhuozhou and Gaobeidian in Hebei is the main battlefield. The two sides invested hundreds of thousands of soldiers and horses in this relatively wide area to fight each other. The direct three-way attack, with a total force of nearly 50,000 troops, was led by Wu Peifu on the West Road, Wang Chengbin on the Middle Road, and Cao Kai on the East Road.The match between the Anhui faction was also very neat, with Duan Zhigui, commander-in-chief of the West Route, Chen Wenyun, commander-in-chief of the Middle Route, and Xu Shuzheng, commander-in-chief of the East Route, leading a total of more than 60,000 troops. Overall, the Anhui faction has the upper hand.However, on the battlefield, there are many factors that determine victory or defeat. The strength of troops is not necessarily the decisive factor. The quality of soldiers and the command art of the commander are often more critical. The attack in the first two days was tentative, and the troops invested by both sides were not too much. Wu Peifu had a small victory over Duan Zhigui, Xu Shuzheng had a small victory over Cao Kai, and Chen Wenyun and Wang Chengbin had their own victories. The war was decided on July 17th.The Anhui Faction suffered major defeats in both the main battlefield of the West Road and the Central Road, while the Zhi Faction achieved a decisive victory. First of all, on the West Road, Wu Peifu lured the enemy to go deep. Duan Zhigui, who was engaged in interpersonal relations and administrative work far better than leading troops in battle, fell into the trap as soon as he got hot, and went deep alone. Then in the middle road, direct artillery fire from Wang Chengbin directly hit Chen Wenyun, the commander of the Anhui Army's middle road. Chen Wenyun was seriously injured and deserted under the escort of the guards.The leader ran away, the command system was paralyzed, and the resistance of the soldiers could only stop.In the end, most people choose to surrender. One day later, on the 18th, Zhang Zuolin's Fengjun marched to Zhuozhou and joined the battle when the victory and defeat were already divided. Zhang Zuolin finally did not waste his expertise in calculation. The rest of the battle was one-sided. Xu Shuzheng's East Route Army was defeated by Zhijun and Fengjun. The battle between Zhiwan and Anhui was full of turmoil, and the conflict was brewing for nearly two years.The war of words between the two sides accusing each other of intimidation has been fought for several months, but the real war is actually only four days, and it basically ended from the 14th to the 17th. Some people may ask, isn't Duan Qirui's army quite good?All Japanese armaments, Japanese-style training, and the most generous military pay. The cadres in the army are all graduates of military schools. The quality of personnel should be said to be relatively high. I won't talk about excuses like public opinion.The overall quality of Duan Qirui's army is good, but he lacks actual combat experience.Any excellent army must experience war, even failure is a valuable experience, the most terrifying thing is that it has never failed.A new army is often courageous when its own side gains an advantage, but once it is frustrated, it does not know how to face it, so that the morale of the army is shaken or even collapsed immediately. This is actually the result of lack of actual combat. Watching movies when I was a child, the chief of the national army suffered a defeat. When meeting his superiors, he always liked to say a word: it is not that the national army is too incompetent, but that the communist army is too cunning.Attributing the reason for the failure to the strength of the opponent, although it is a bit exaggerated, but for the battle of Zhiwan, this is indeed the truth. The opponents of the Anhui Department are very strong, especially Wu Peifu's Beiyang Third Division, which is an old army with a glorious history of more than 20 years.From becoming an army to the Revolution of 1911, from the "Second Revolution" to the War of Protecting the Law, it can be said that he has experienced many battles.Moreover, Wu Peifu's war command art and military accomplishment not only surpassed Xu Shuzheng, but also far surpassed Duan Zhigui and others. In the battle of Zhiwan, Duan Qirui's elite lineage troops "Border Guards" (participating troops) were completely wiped out. Although there were still some provincial governors who were Duan Qirui's old subordinates, they were not such direct subordinates as Xu Shuzheng. .For troops separated from direct relations, it is inevitable that the command will not move after a long time. Having said so much, it can be summed up in one sentence: Duan Qirui is no longer the Duan Qirui of the past, his power has been greatly reduced, and the tiger has fallen into peace. Duan Qirui, the protagonist of this war, is standing quietly in the courtyard at this moment. The gentle breeze of summer night can make him think better about the future, but he must not have noticed that his temples are still Added a few traces of grey. It is not terrible to have nothing, what is terrible is to lose it after getting it! But Duan Qirui's success did not come in vain. He climbed to the pinnacle of imperial power with a grassroots, and he has long understood the essence of "willing to be willing"-affordable and let go.Therefore, he understands that for the current self, if he puts it down, he can still live, but if he continues to hold it, he may die. So Duan Qirui decided to let go of everything that should be let go-no army, no power, no honor. On the 19th, Duan Qirui ordered the front-line soldiers to cease fighting and surrender, and then resigned from all positions and stripped of all medals. Cao Kun, Wu Peifu, and Xu Shichang were very pleased. This guy who was so strong that he wanted to "unify China by force" finally went down. Let him die of old age in Tianjin. They really can't do anything to Duan Qirui, Xu Shichang is his brother for many years, Cao Kun is his colleague for many years, even Wu Peifu is his student in Baoding Military Academy in name, not to mention that he has made great contributions to the Republic of China. However, Xu Shuzheng, Duan Zhigui and others, Mr. Duan's loyal subordinates, did not end well. They were wanted all over the country and fled everywhere.The Anfu series of products - the Anfu Congress and the institutions held by the members of the Anfu Club were all dissolved. The Anhui forces disappeared within a few days.Fortunately, no one was sentenced to death. To be honest, the political environment in the early years of the Republic of China was quite tolerant, and many people who didn't have to die couldn't die.On the contrary, the Kuomintang, which came to power later, likes to engage in white terror, and its degree of freedom is getting lower and lower. Duan Qirui, a martial artist, has collapsed. Is the spring of the Republic of China still far behind?