Chapter 16 The third chapter is the decisive battle, the Japanese army launched a full-scale war of aggression against China by using a piece of shit

Back to the shaky political arena of the Republic of China. As mentioned earlier, He Yingqin signed the reviled "He Mei Agreement" with the Japanese in 1935. When the agreement was being negotiated, the Japanese wanted the complete withdrawal of Chinese troops from Beijing and Tianjin so that they could occupy these cities at any time.Although He Yingqin is weak, it is not so bad.He Yingqin was neither willing nor dared to hand over Beijing and Tianjin to the Japanese. The two sides finally agreed: China's Central Army cannot be stationed in Beijing and Tianjin, but other troops can be stationed, such as the 29th Army.

The 29th Army was the Northwest Army that swung a big knife to slash the Japanese during the Great Wall War of Resistance, but why was the 29th Army selected?There are two reasons. On the one hand, for the Japanese, this army is poorly equipped and easy to deal with. It is the age of firearms and they still rely on slashing people with big knives.For the national government, after all, the 29th Army took down the Japanese army in the Battle of Xifengkou, leaving a heroic army to guard against the Japanese army, which can give ordinary people confidence.Moreover, with the acquiescence of the national government, the 29th Army quietly expanded its army to 100,000, and its weapons and equipment were improved in a relatively low-key manner, which had a certain deterrent effect on the Japanese army.

On the other hand, the force is left alone.It was originally the orthodox Feng Yuxiang Northwest Army, but after the Central Plains War, the Northwest Army disbanded.Later, Chiang Kai-shek put it under Zhang Xueliang's management, but Zhang Xueliang became a mud bodhisattva who crossed the river because of the "September 18th Incident", so he couldn't care less about the 29th Army.It was easy for the national government to arrange for such an army that was not loved by grandparents and grandparents to guard Beijing, and the Japanese felt more confident. After the "Hemei Agreement" was signed, the 29th Army immediately marched into Beijing City, and sent heavy troops to station at several gates of Beijing, especially the most important Wanping City.

Wanping City is located in the Fengtai District of Beijing today. Outside the city is a north-south river called Yongding River. There is a bridge on the river, which is Lugou Bridge.The Marco Polo Bridge is the gateway to Beijing from the south. There is a stele at the east end of the bridge, which is inscribed by Emperor Qianlong with the inscription "Lugou Xiaoyue". When the 29th Army entered Beijing, several Japanese pirates headed by Kenji Doihara were sparing no effort to promote the so-called "North China Autonomy".Constrained by the Japanese cabinet, the Japanese military forces represented by Ishihara Wanji and others were considered "reasonable" at that time, and knew how to implement the policy of "not expanding" towards China-before making preparations for a full-scale invasion of China, they should concentrate on Complete the construction of "Manchuria" and prepare for war against the Soviet Union to consolidate national defense, and try to use diplomatic means to expand Japan's interests in China.

Therefore, after supporting Pu Yi to achieve "Manchuria Independence", the kid Doihara Kenji tried to further use diplomatic means to split China. Song Zheyuan, the boss of the 29th Army, is naturally Doihara's key public relations target. Doihara told Song Zheyuan: As long as you are willing to follow the Great Japanese Empire, we will support you in bringing down North China and realizing "North China autonomy."At that time, you were the king of North China... Under Doihara's soft and hard tactics, coercion and temptation, Song Zheyuan also had hesitation and hesitation, but in the end he still held the key bottom line.Because Song Zheyuan figured it out, some things can be done, but some things must not be done!

Song Zheyuan's performance made the Japanese feel very angry, and at the same time made the Japanese realize: Song Zheyuan can't win, he must use force! While the Japanese were making small moves, on February 26, 1936, an extremely important coup broke out in Japan.This is a bloodbath for control of the country, the ultimate showdown between soldiers and politicians. Following the "May 15 Incident" a few years ago (several naval officers with an intelligence level equal to 250 killed the Cabinet Prime Minister Inukai Takeshi), an organization of fascist officers more radical than the "Regulation Faction"—— The Taoist faction once again launched a bloody attack on the party’s cabinet—officials picked the big ones, and even killed two of the cabinet’s prime minister-level officials. This is known as the “February 26 military coup.”

The "February 26 military coup" is not so much a coup as it is a big joke full of black humor.The slogans used by the military officers who launched the coup—improving people’s livelihood and punishing corruption—are all fig leafs.Ironically, the rebellion of the "Imperial Dao faction" was suppressed by Hirohito with the "Control faction". The "imperial faction" worked hard to make wedding clothes for the "controlling faction". The "Controlling faction" took the opportunity to take over the administrative organs that had been completely paralyzed by the "Imperial Way faction", and took control of the administrative power of the government.

Can you spit out the fat in your mouth?This is the end of Japan's political party and cabinet era, and since then it has entered the era of military dictatorship, and ran to the quagmire of aggressive wars. Losing the check and balancing force, facing the blind retreat of the Chinese government and the Chinese army, the fanatical Japanese "two hundred and five" soldiers could no longer restrain their impulse and murderous intent, and they were about to attack. At 7:00 p.m. on July 7, 1937, the Japanese army conducted a military exercise in the vicinity of the Marco Polo Bridge stationed by the 29th Army.After tossing for three or four hours, gunshots came from the Japanese military exercise site.

Immediately afterwards, a squadron leader of the Japanese army named Jielang Shimizu led his team to the city of Wanping where the Chinese army was stationed. His cousin, Ji Xingwen, was 29 years old at the time. Shimizu Setsiro said: We heard the gunshots just now, so we quickly gathered the team to count the number of people, and found that a soldier named Shimura Kikujiro was missing. We suspect that you fired the gun, and you also took him away. We must go to the city to search! Ji Xingwen immediately rejected Shimizu's shameless provocation.Is there such a thing as a bully?Jierou Shimizu, you, a small company commander, with such a small number of people, without any proof, demanded to enter our defense area with live ammunition, which is tolerable or unbearable!

Seeing Ji Xingwen's tough attitude, Qingshui Jielang, who had planned to take the opportunity to make trouble, simply tore his face -- surrounded the city gate, formed a battle formation, and was ready to attack at any time. Seeing this, Ji Xingwen didn't dare to be careless, and urgently deployed his defenses. At the same time that the Chinese and Japanese armies entered the confrontation, the Hebei-Chahar Administration (represented by the Hebei-Chahar Political Affairs Committee) received an arrogant ultimatum from the head of the Japanese Secret Service in Beijing, Matsui Tahisa: One of our soldiers is missing, and we must enter Wanping City to search!

After deliberation, the Jicha authorities found a reason of "inconvenience entering the city late at night" and declined Matsui's unreasonable request.But Taijiro Matsui continued to ask, and the meaning was very clear: I just want to go to the city to search, if you let me go, I will go, if you don't let me go, I have to go, you can figure it out! During the negotiations, the Hebei-Chahar authorities received a report from the 29th Army, saying that the Japanese army had increased their troops and had surrounded Wanping City, ready to launch an attack at any time.Therefore, in order to prevent the situation from expanding, the Hebei-Chahar authorities expressed their willingness to send officials to the site of the incident to cooperate with the Japanese army in the investigation. During the war between China and Japan, the missing Shimura Kikujiro returned to the team.This guy is a new recruit and he is not familiar with the road. During the exercise, he felt uncomfortable in his stomach. He hid aside and took a shit, but he couldn't find the troops when he came back. However, at this time the Japanese were already riding a tiger: the provocation had been provoked, and the battle formation had also begun.If the troops are withdrawn, where will the face of the Imperial Japanese Army go?More importantly, the Japanese army had been looking for an opportunity to go to war.That being the case, it is better to hit the sun than to choose the day, and the excuse for the missing soldiers is also very good, so let's go to war! So, under the order of Shangguan, a captain named Kiyomi Ichiki (probably equivalent to the battalion commander) ordered the Japanese army under his command to fire at Wanping City! Ji Xingwen immediately fought back after receiving the order from his superior (teacher commander) Feng Zhian to "not give up an inch of ground". Ji Xingwen, who fired the first anti-Japanese shot, will forever be recorded in the annals of history. The shadow of the moon on the Lugou Bridge in the night is dim, and the breeze brings the gurgling water.But the rapid sound of guns and guns instantly tore up the peace and tranquility of the summer night. This is not a simple conflict, but the final showdown! Thus kicked off the most tragic, fierce, and most epic all-out war of resistance in modern Chinese history. Because the incident occurred on July 7, this incident was called the "July 7 Incident".And because the incident occurred near the Lugou Bridge, it is also called the "Lugou Bridge Incident". It was a consensus between China and Japan before that there must be a war between China and Japan, but no one could have imagined that the fuse of the outbreak of the war turned out to be the shit of this little man Kikujiro Shimura. Of course, even if there is no chance to make shit, the Japanese will repeat their tricks and find another excuse. Shimura Kikujiro, who triggered the Sino-Japanese war, did not end well. After a few years, he was killed by the subordinates of the Chinese Expeditionary Army Sun Liren on the Burmese battlefield. That day in July 1937 came too soon. The Republic of China, which came from the precarious, corrupt and backward Manchu Dynasty, was too backward compared with its powerful enemy Japan.It is not only behind the starting line of the world industrial revolution, but also behind the time of system reform.After the warlord melee, the Republic of China was in dire straits, and was not ready for a full-scale war at all.Especially at this time, China's economy and industry are in a thriving rising period. If the war can be launched a few years later, then China's war power will be enhanced a lot, and the gap between China and Japan will also be narrowed. Now that war is going on, how big is the gap between China and Japan?The comparison without data is too general, and only the comparison of data is too boring, so I don’t mention technology here, I don’t mention Japan’s world-class aircraft carrier fleet and Zero fighter jets, and I don’t mention the Japanese army’s large number of high-quality tanks and artillery. The most basic military supplies - the output of steel. In 1937, the Nationalist government controlled less than 100,000 tons of steel production, while Japan exceeded 2 million tons, Germany and the Soviet Union about 10 million tons, and the United States exceeded 20 million tons.This is the gap. Then again, due to the suddenness of the incident, Japan was not fully prepared for a large-scale invasion. Since neither side was ready for a full-scale war, the two sides ceased fire the next day after the incident. With the buffer time of the ceasefire, Chinese officials had time to formally respond. During the "July 7th Incident", Chiang Kai-shek was in Lushan, probably to recuperate his tired heart and injured body after the "Xi'an Incident". As soon as he learned of the "July 7th Incident", Chiang Kai-shek ordered Song Zheyuan to actively prepare for the battle, and if he negotiated, he must not lose the slightest sovereignty. After Chiang Kai-shek communicated with Song Zheyuan, he arranged two more tasks: one was to order Foreign Minister Wang Chonghui to start negotiating a non-aggression agreement with the Soviet ambassador; , Song Ziwen and Chiang Kai-shek slapped the table, and was slapped by Chiang Kai-shek. In a rage, he resigned and left) Talk to US President Roosevelt and Treasury Secretary Morgenthau, and ask the United States to get some sponsorship and borrow some money. When the Soviet Union saw China fighting with their rival Japan, how could they not be happy, so they simply signed the non-aggression agreement and promised to give China appropriate assistance. American sponsorship is hard to come by.The United States is a country ruled by law, and everything must be done in accordance with legal procedures. After the "World War I", the United States specially enacted the "Neutrality Act" in order to better play neutrality, so the US government could not "illegal" - directly lend money to China.Kong Xiangxi thought about it, and finally decided to sell silver to the United States, exchange money for money, and use the exchanged dollars to find Americans to buy military supplies. After communicating with both the Soviet Union and the United States, China's supreme commander Chiang Kai-shek delivered his famous "last minute" speech on Lushan Mountain.In his speech, Chiang Kai-shek admitted that the occurrence of the Marco Polo Bridge incident was "not accidental" and that "they were deliberately seeking our own benefit", admitted that China is a weak country, and that "man is a knife and I am a fish", and at the same time called for "if the war starts, it will be There is no distinction between the north and the south, and there is no distinction between people, old or young. No matter who they are, they all have the responsibility to defend the land and resist the war." Only by sacrificing to the end!" Chiang Kai-shek knew that this was a duel of great disparity in strength, and the war was bred on the weak land of China. The losers would be the land of China and the descendants of Yan and Huang, but so what, although we may not be able to defeat you little Japan, but We want to fight you to the death, we want to fight you desperately! The CCP also immediately telegraphed the whole country: My compatriots, Pingjin is in danger!North China is in danger!The Chinese nation is in danger!The only way out is for the whole nation to carry out the War of Resistance! While the Chinese side was actively preparing, the Japanese army was also continuously marching into North China.In a short period of time, the total strength of the Japanese army in China increased to 200,000. Song Zheyuan, who was originally counting on his subordinate Zhang Zizhong to negotiate peacefully with the Japanese army to resolve the "Marco Polo Bridge Incident", also had to let go of his illusions and prepare for the battle. On July 28, 1937, the Japanese army invaded Nanyuan and launched a general attack on Beijing. The bloody battle in Nanyuan begins! At that time, it was not popular to "let the leaders go first". Tong Linge, the leader and deputy commander of the 29th Army, and Zhao Dengyu, the commander of the 132nd Division, all went into battle in person, especially Zhao Dengyu, who was known as the top general of the 29th Army, fought hand-to-hand Killed and injured enough of the devils. There were more than 1,000 apprentices participating in the battle.They were all students from major and middle schools in Beijing, and most of them were active members of the "December 9th" Movement.This group of student soldiers had never been on the battlefield. When the Japanese army rushed to their positions, these students had just completed their recruit training.All they have is youth and ideals, just dedication and sacrifice.Tong Linge arranged the student army in the southwest direction, because he thought it was impossible for the Japanese army to attack from that direction.The strange thing is that the Japanese army launched an attack from here. The student army fought the Japanese army at the price of ten lives for one! The fresh life is gone in an instant! Hot blood gushes out! This is the fusion of blood and fire! This is the collision of soul and flesh! This is a passion that has languished for too long! This is the bloodiness that has been dormant for many years! The student soldiers held the Japanese army back for a rare few hours with heroic and fearless sacrifices, but the position was still broken by the Japanese army, which was far ahead in numbers, weapons, and individual quality. After the position of the student soldiers was broken through, the defensive position of the 29th Army was quickly cut and surrounded by the Japanese army. Song Zheyuan then ordered the 29th Army to break through. However, before Tong Linge and Zhao Dengyu were given the order to break out, it was already in the hands of the Japanese.The Japanese army set a trap at Dahongmen, the only place through which the 29th Army retreated.The retreating troops of the 29th Army embarked on the road of death. Dahongmen, this is a place that the 29th Army will never forget. Nanyuan's retreating troops were almost wiped out. General Zhao Dengyu was killed by the Japanese machine guns, and his last words: It is the duty of soldiers to die in battle, so there is no need to be sad. At the height of the battle, General Tong Linge also died heroically... However, for the real Chinese, the years will never wipe out their sacrifices! Later, the national government held a state funeral for the two in Beijing, and named two roads in Beijing after them.Seventy years later, the names of two avenues in the center of Beijing still exist: Tonglinge Road and Zhaodengyu Road.Every time I come here, it always reminds me of the bloody and shining days! The Japanese soldiers who once drove Zhang Xueliang's hundreds of thousands of troops from outside the pass to inside the pass like ducks, failed to reproduce this "brilliance" in this position in Nanyuan.However, the victory of Xifengkou in the Great Wall Anti-Japanese War was not copied. After the two commanders died in succession, Nanyuan fell. The heroic performance and sacrifice spirit of the 29th Army moved and inspired the people of the whole country.Among them, there is a clerk named Mai Xin in Shanghai who sells insurance. He is only 23 years old. After learning about the heroic deeds of the 29th Army, he was full of enthusiasm and passion, and wrote a heroic and passionate song in one go—" The big knife cuts off the heads of the devils" (that is, "March of the big knife"). Such a passionate battle song inspired many people's hearts in that difficult and difficult era. On July 29, Beijing fell. On the same day, the National Government ordered Song Zheyuan to retreat.Counting from July 7, the 29th Army, which had paid a huge sacrifice to deal with the enemy for 22 days, withdrew from Beijing. Zhang Zizhong, commander of the 38th Division of the 29th Army, was ordered to stay in Beijing to act as the mayor of Beijing to negotiate post-war matters with the Japanese army.A few days later, An Min Notice signed by Zhang Zizhong was posted all over the streets and alleys of Beijing, advising the people not to panic and disturb themselves, but to settle down to their jobs.What Zhang Zizhong didn't expect was that he became the "special traitor in North China" and "Zhang Ni Zizhong" in the mouths of the public and the media. Tong Linge and Zhao Dengyu, who are in the same position as you, bravely fought against the enemy until they sacrificed their lives for righteousness. You, Zhang Zizhong, openly cooperated with the Japanese and even issued an announcement to the people that you are not a traitor, who is a traitor! What the eyes see may not be the truth.The people and the media really got it wrong. Zhang Zizhong is bearing the burden of humiliation, he is not a traitor.Therefore, Zhang Zizhong decided to use the heroism of the horse leather shroud to wash away the shameful name given to him by those Chinese who did not know the truth.Because he would rather give up his life than sacrifice his dignity. In fact, the real traitor is someone else. The reason why the 29th Army was defeated so quickly, the reason why the Japanese army chose to attack from the position of the student army, and the reason why the 29th Army was ambushed was because of the appearance of traitors. One is Zhou Sijing, Song Zheyuan's staff officer, and the other is Pan Yugui, Song Zheyuan's chief of government affairs. Compared with Zhou Sijing, who is a national thief in the general sense, Pan Yugui is super material for being a traitor.This person is good at calligraphy and painting, is known as a cultural celebrity, and enjoys life very much. The Li Xianglan (Yoshiko Kawaguchi) who sang "Evening Fragrance" is his Japanese goddaughter. It is said that Song Zheyuan treated him very well and was a good friend.It's a pity that in Pan Yugui's dictionary, the word "friend" is interpreted in this way-friends can be used to eat and drink together, but they are mainly used to sell out for profit.So Pan Yugui sold out all the battle plans of Song Zheyuan and the 29th Army. Therefore, no matter where the 29th Army retreated, it would be ambushed. No matter where Tong Linge arranged the student soldiers, the Japanese army would attack from the position of the student soldiers. After the battle, no one will remember the names of those students—because they left nothing at all, but Pan Yugui dyed his crown red with the blood of the Chinese nation—as the chief of the Beijing police station and the mayor of Tianjin. . Pan Yugui was ensnared by the military command after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. Later, this kid was calm and eloquent in the military court.He said: The national government could not reach the north, Yan Xishan was feudal and backward, while Japan was civilized, so "cooperation" between North China and Japan was the only way out.The reason why he betrayed the 29th Army was to help the people usher in peace faster, to make the motherland develop more peacefully, and to speed up the pace of national rejuvenation, not for personal benefit.So instead of being traitorous, he is patriotic! For this kind of dog traitor whose despicableness has surpassed the limit of human beings, the national government and later the republic had no choice but to ask him to eat his prison food until he went to hell.