Chapter 6 Chapter Six The KMT Separation

Power, can be called the peerless warrior who is number one in the world for five thousand years.Invincible, invincible.So for thousands of years, people seem to be repeating the same game—the game of power and profit.Everyone wants to be the ultimate winner of the game.But they don't know that in the game of thrones, there will never be a permanent winner. With the frequent success of the Northern Expedition, Chiang Kai-shek's prestige among the people and within the party continued to rise.But at the same time, Chiang Kai-shek's arbitrary style of behavior also aroused dissatisfaction among the Kuomintang people. They began to miss Wang Jingwei's democratic style when he was in power, and eagerly hoped that Wang Jingwei would return to China as soon as possible in order to limit Chiang Kai-shek's growing reputation and disperse the power in Chiang Kai-shek's hands. that power.

As a result, the voice of "supporting Chairman Wang's reinstatement" grew louder, and Sun Ke, the son of Sun Yat-sen, and Deng Yanda, a leftist of the Kuomintang, even established the "Welcome Wang Action Committee". Of course Chiang Kai-shek didn't want Wang Jingwei to come back to decentralize power, so he had to suspend the Northern Expedition and rush back from the front line of the Northern Expedition to do the ideological work of his comrades, trying to save his image in the party. But the effort was ineffective.Because the situation was out of control, the left and right factions of the Kuomintang, the Soviet advisers, and the Communist Party all supported Wang Jingwei's reinstatement, and Chiang Kai-shek was alone.So Chiang Kai-shek had no choice but to stand up and welcome Wang Jingwei, who was in France, to return to China to take charge.

Wang Jingwei has always been unwilling to step down because of the "Zhongshan Ship Incident", and he is naturally happy to have this step.So in late February 1927, Wang Jingwei set foot on his return journey. When Wang Jingwei returned to China, he transferred to the Soviet Union. Stalin received the leftist leader of the Kuomintang and hoped that he could coordinate the relationship between Chiang Kai-shek and Soviet advisers. However, the rift between Chiang Kai-shek and the Soviet advisers has already arisen. Is Comrade Stalin's mending the past useful? In fact, Stalin did not fully count on Wang Jingwei. He had already made a move before, which could check and balance Chiang Kai-shek's move.

On September 16, 1926, Feng Yuxiang, who returned from an inspection trip to the Soviet Union, issued a declaration in Wuyuan, Inner Mongolia, the hometown of Lu Bu, a celebrity from the Three Kingdoms. First, he affirmed the great upsurge of the Soviet revolution and the greatness of Sun Yat-sen's Three People's Principles, and then briefly expressed his great patriotic feelings With the determination to dedicate himself to the revolution, he finally decided to lead all the soldiers of the national army to join the Chinese Kuomintang and set out for the Northern Expedition! Behind Feng Yuxiang's job-hopping again, of course, was the efforts of Stalin and the Soviet Union.To be more precise, the Soviet Union instructed Li Dazhao to carry out this matter.

Feng Yuxiang's job-hopping was of course a rare good thing for Wang Jingwei. Not to mention an extra revolutionary force, but at least one more force that could check and balance Chiang Kai-shek. The current situation is beneficial to both ourselves and the country, and the future can be expected!Just when Wang Jingwei was in high spirits, the domestic situation was getting worse, and it was time to test Wang Jingwei's ability to govern. The reason why the Northern Expedition was able to break through was inseparable from the great help of the Soviet Union, but this help was not free. Their condition was that the Communist Party was allowed to launch the worker-peasant movement and carry out anti-imperialist propaganda in the areas where the Northern Expedition went.

But with the success of the Northern Expeditionary Army, more and more areas were occupied, and some problems also appeared. Instigated by the Soviet Union's policy of "urban riots", the proletariat seemed to have suddenly awakened, and labor movements were in full swing everywhere. They organized workers' pickets, organized trade unions, fought against the capitalists, and turned themselves into masters.On the surface, it seemed to be a thriving and lively place, with hundreds of thousands of trade unions and tens of thousands of pickets, but this loosely organized force soon lost control.

Taking Wuhan as an example, since the Northern Expedition Army occupied Wuhan in October, there have been more than 150 strikes in the next three months, with an average of 1.6 strikes per day. The reason for the strike is also simple: in order to improve the treatment.For example, the workers demanded that their wages be raised to at least 80 yang. At that time, a piece of yang could buy 20 catties of rice in Wuhan. If converted by purchasing power, 80 yang was equivalent to more than 3,000 yuan in the 21st century.Other requirements such as no overtime work and annual leave of more than three months are not common (Yang Kuisong's "Union of the Communist Party" and "Anti-Communism" of the KMT").

If the capitalists don't agree, the workers' pickets will be dispatched to arrest people, set up private prisons, confiscate shops, and give you a one-stop service. Coupled with the impact of the war itself on production and trade, enterprises were forced to suspend operations, banks were forced to close down, and major commercial companies closed down one after another. The two lakes areas gradually fell into a situation of production paralysis, market shrinkage, economic stagnation, and soaring prices. The peasants' side was even more lively and out of control.The two million members of the peasant association "crack down on local tyrants", "divide the land", and "all power belongs to the peasant association".

Mao Zedong described the peasant association movement in the "Investigation Report on the Peasant Movement in Hunan" as follows: All of this aroused the dissatisfaction of the majority of Kuomintang members and army soldiers, and even the Communist Party, the initiator, felt that the disturbance was too much. Generally speaking, the workers' and peasants' movement is out of control, the organization is not strict, the scope of attack is too wide, the degree is too radical, and it has offended many people. At that time, it was the gentry who controlled the grassroots organizations, but now it is the "destiny" of these gentry who are "revolutionizing" in the workers' and peasants' movement.The so-called "everyone who has the land is a tyrant, and no gentry is not bad", the synonym of the gentry "local tyrant and evil gentry" came from this period.

The trouble is that the main force of the revolution now—those social elites, most of whom come from gentry families—includes both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, especially the former.In other words, the revolution was all on their own heads, so that the officers and soldiers in the Northern Expedition at that time always had worries about their future, not knowing whether their parents, brothers and sisters were still alive. We can see that although the Kuomintang and the Communist Party had differences in their fundamental views, they could still tolerate each other before the Northern Expedition, but at this time it was difficult to tolerate each other.

While the contradiction between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party became increasingly acute, an incident occurred that caused the contradiction to break out in advance. This is the relocation of the capital.Because of Guangzhou's poor geographical location and being far away from the center of the revolution, the Guangzhou Nationalist Government intended to move the capital after the Northern Expedition conquered Wuhan, but where did it go?this is a problem. At this time, the "Imperial Envoy" - Soviet adviser Borodin gave his answer: Wuhan. The reason why Borodin made this choice was mainly because he was worried about Chiang Kai-shek. Ever since Chiang Kai-shek exposed his intention to suppress the Communist Party, split the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and establish a one-party dictatorship in the "Party Affairs Case", Borodin was very wary of Chiang Kai-shek: this person is dangerous, and his approach is to bring the Communist Party into the The revolution under the unified leadership of him and the Kuomintang completely deviated from the path of the "Communist Union". During the Northern Expedition, some of Chiang Kai-shek's actions made Borodin have to admire his foresight. As Chiang Kai-shek's control over the military, finance, and government of various places through the Northern Expedition improved, Chiang Kai-shek's attitude of suppressing the Communist Party became increasingly obvious. He not only ordered the Communists to act in accordance with the rules of him and the Kuomintang, but even dispatched his loyal horse boy, Chen Guofu. Chen Lifu and Chen Lifu united with local warlords to directly squeeze out the Communists from some important local power organs, and they behaved very domineeringly. Therefore, Borodin had to find a way to restrain Chiang Kai-shek.After thinking about it, Borodin thought it would be a good idea to move the capital to Wuhan. First, Wuhan's geographical location and industrial strength are good. Second, the situation of the workers and peasants movement in the two lakes is gratifying, and it can contain Chiang Kai-shek and his Northern Expeditionary Army. In the past three years, Tang Shengzhi, who firmly opposed Chiang Kai-shek, supported scenes in Wuhan. Tang Shengzhi held four armies and had nearly 60,000 horses. It seemed that he had the strength to check and balance Chiang Kai-shek. Therefore, once Wuhan became the capital, we could use Wuhan's checks and balances to successfully weaken Chiang Kai-shek's party and government power, and logically asked Chiang Kai-shek to move the Northern Expedition headquarters from Nanchang to Wuhan, so as to contain him in military decision-making. Of course Chiang Kai-shek knew what moving the capital to Wuhan meant to him, so he resisted in the following ways: On the way from Guangzhou to Wuhan, Tan Yankai and other nearly sixty national government officials invited them to Nanchang as "guests", making Nanchang the de facto "capital". He refused to relocate the Northern Expedition headquarters to Wuhan on the grounds that "the Northern Expedition headquarters needs to be closer to the front line". This way of resistance seems a bit simple and rude, but it is exactly Chiang Kai-shek's characteristic and fits his character. Simple and rude resistance often has poor results.Sure enough, this move not only made more and more people dissatisfied with Chiang Kai-shek, but also made the trend of "reversing Chiang and welcoming Wang" more and more turbulent.Amid the condemnation, Chiang Kai-shek finally had to agree to move the capital to Wuhan. Although he agreed to move the capital to Wuhan, Chiang Kai-shek neither agreed to transfer power, nor agreed to relocate the Northern Expedition headquarters to Wuhan, because he was determined to launch a counterattack, and he wanted to adopt simpler and violent methods to improve the current unfavorable situation. His method is to launch a new military offensive, take down the three major cities of Nanjing, Shanghai, and Hangzhou, and control the three rich lands of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai. As long as he has the strength in his hands, Wuhan has nothing to do with himself! Chiang Kai-shek's offensive was threatening, and the Northern Expedition was powerful throughout the country. Zhang Zuolin, who had not yet directly fought against the Northern Expedition, also felt threatened. Just when Zhang Zuolin was worried, Sun Chuanfang came to the door.In the Battle of Jiangxi, Sun Chuanfang suffered heavy losses, and his elite troops were completely lost.After thinking about it again and again, he felt powerless to stop the Northern Expeditionary Army's attack alone, so he boarded the train going north alone in mid-December 1926, and called on Zhang Zuolin. In front of a powerful opponent, the two former enemies quickly figured out what it means to have a cold lips and teeth, so they quickly turned their fights into friendships. Sun Chuanfang put down her figure and became brothers with different surnames with Zhang Xueliang, and worshiped Zhang Zuolin as her godfather.Naturally, being a godfather is not for nothing, and one has to show something.So Zhang Dashuai established the "An Guojun" with the Northeast Army as the main force, and his godson's direct remnant army as the supplement, and sent all the troops south to help Sun Chuanfang, the deputy commander of the "An Guo Army" defend Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Chiang Kai-shek would not wait for them to be ready to fight again. He launched the Zhejiang Campaign in February 1927 before the Fengtian reinforcements arrived. Facing Sun Chuanfang again, Chiang Kai-shek, who suffered a loss last time, carefully prepared a perfect meal for the opponent: He Yingqin led the army to attack Zhejiang from Fujian, and Bai Chongxi led another route from Jiangxi to attack Zhejiang.Attack Zhejiang on both sides. There are two highlights of this feast. Highlight 1, heavy troops attacked Zhejiang, and won Sun Chuanfang's core territory with superior forces. The second highlight is to transfer the tiger away from the mountain, forcing Sun Chuanfang to send troops from Jiangsu to Zhejiang for rescue. When Jiangsu's troops were empty, the Northern Expeditionary Army launched an overwhelming attack on Nanjing and Anhui. With a reasonable plan and resolute execution, the war went smoothly. A month later, on March 19, the Northern Expedition took Hangzhou. Two days later, the third armed uprising of Shanghai workers led by Chen Duxiu, Zhou Enlai and others succeeded, and the Northern Expeditionary Army was able to enter Shanghai smoothly. Three days later, the Northern Expedition took Nanjing. So far, everything south of the Yangtze River has fallen into the hands of the Northern Expedition, and the Northern Expedition has won a great victory.The only regret is that he failed to kill Sun Chuanfang, who is an extremely dangerous militant.As long as this person still has breath, he cannot be taken lightly. While Chiang Kai-shek was triumphant all the way, news unfavorable to him came from within the Kuomintang. Since its predecessor, the Tongmenghui, the Kuomintang has spawned a "hobby" of internal strife because of the many factions within the party, and the quarrels are endless. On March 10, the Third Plenary Session of the Second Central Committee of the Kuomintang, led by Soviet adviser Borodin and KMT leftist Deng Yanda, was held in Wuhan. It ended successfully seven days later, with two resolutions as its main outcome. First, members of the Central Committee and ministers of various ministries are basically leftists of the Kuomintang and members of the Communist Party.In other words, the Nationalist Government was fully controlled by the pro-Communist Left who adhered to the three major policies of "union with Russia, alliance with the Communist Party, and support for farmers and workers." Second, remove Chiang Kai-shek from the positions of Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Kuomintang Central Committee and Chairman of the Military Commission, and select Wang Jingwei, who is still on his way back home, as the chairman of the National Government. Both resolutions were directed against Chiang Kai-shek.The participants agreed that Chiang Kai-shek, who combined the power of the party, the government and the army, refused to move the headquarters of the Northern Expedition to Wuhan. This is definitely a sign of an imminent revolution!His power should be taken away, and only his position as commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army should be retained to eliminate the possibility of Chiang Kai-shek's dictatorship. After Chiang Kai-shek got the news, he was so angry that he scolded his mother Xipi: I led the soldiers to fight bloody battles in front, but you plotted against me behind my back! He immediately published the "Letter to Huangpu Classmates" in Nanchang, expressing to these backbones of the Northern Expedition that he would never accept the above resolution.He believed that the resolution could not represent the KMT at all. Under the strong suppression of the Soviet Union, the KMT government in Wuhan had been "reddened".The Communist Party is not terrible, what is terrible is the powerful Soviet Union behind it.The Soviet Union gained control of the Chinese government through the Communist Party by using the assistance it gave to the Nationalist government. Chiang Kai-shek himself is a very nationalist figure, and at the same time a strong leader who supports his own troops. Of course, he will not succumb to the pressure given to him by the Soviet Union, let alone accept the reality of cutting power. , the Communist Party and the leftists of the Kuomintang turned their faces and established a separate central government to fight against the court. He did three things for this. First, in view of the objective reality that he is currently alone, he recruited his elder brother Zhang Jingjiang and entrusted him to help him contact some veterans in the party, establish a united front, and prepare for his own work in the future.Zhang Jingjiang was very interested in Chiang Kai-shek, so he went out immediately and recruited many senior figures, such as Cai Yuanpei and Wu Zhihui. Second, I ask my eldest brother Zhang Jingjiang to find rich people in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, especially Chiang Kai-shek’s own Ningbo fellow and Yu Qiaqing, an old colleague who worked together in the Shanghai Stock Exchange, to find a way to make some money.There is no rebellion without money.Of course, it is also necessary to let the eldest brother Zhang Jingjiang bleed a little more. Third, let him personally contact Li Zongren, Bai Chongxi, and Li Jishen, young factions in the Kuomintang who have military power in their hands, have low political status but hope to be promoted, and let them follow him to deal with the Communist Party. Although he had the idea of ​​rebellion, the work of the Northern Expedition had to continue. Two weeks later, on March 23, the Northern Expedition captured Nanjing, and Chiang Kai-shek moved the Northern Expedition headquarters to Nanjing. On the second day after entering Nanjing, that is, on March 24, some soldiers under Cheng Qian's command launched an organized anti-foreign incident against the United States, Britain, Japan and other countries-such as robbing embassies, churches, etc. The U.S. and British warships shelled Nanjing to retaliate against the military and civilians, known as the "Nanjing Incident" in history (Yang Kuisong's "United Communist Party" and "Anti-Communist Party" of the Kuomintang"). What's more serious is that the United States, Britain and other countries put on a look of unwillingness to let it go, and actually sent more than 10,000 troops to Shanghai and other places (Guo Ting cited "Historical Journal of the Republic of China"). The foreign military intervention triggered by this incident hit Chiang Kai-shek's weakness. As a person who did not want to lose power, but also wanted to continue the Northern Expedition until victory, Chiang Kai-shek was facing the terrible situation of losing the aid of the Soviet Union and being subjected to armed intervention by other powers.The future of the individual is worrying, and the future of the Northern Expedition is also worrying! Although Chiang Kai-shek did not openly attribute the "Nanjing Incident" to the Communist Party, he inferred that the "Nanjing Incident" was the work of the "traitorous party" based on his own judgment rules "all doubtful points belong to the Communist Party and the Soviet Union behind it" (Yang Kuisong, "KMT "Allied with the Communist Party" and "Anti-Communist""), the purpose is to create conflicts between him and the United States, Britain and other countries, and force him to stand on the opposite side of imperialism.Therefore, after the "April 12 Coup", Chiang Kai-shek publicly announced that the "culprits" were wanted - Li Fuchun and Lin Boqu, deputy party representatives and directors of the Political Department of the Second and Sixth Army, communists. After the "Nanjing Incident", Chiang Kai-shek hurried to Shanghai to assure the foreign powers that the incident would not expand and that the concession would not be taken back by force.This practice of backing down in front of imperialism caused Chiang Kai-shek to be criticized by the leftists of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, which made him lose face. Therefore, we have reason to believe that the resolution of the Third Plenary Session of the Second Central Committee of the Kuomintang and the "Nanjing Incident" prompted Chiang Kai-shek to kill him: to clean up the party. But Chiang Kai-shek has not yet made up his mind. After all, the forces supporting the Wuhan government and opposing him are not small. The leftists of the Kuomintang resolutely opposed him, and nearly half of the national army leaders opposed him. For example, Tang Shengzhi, who had always wanted to replace Chiang Kai-shek, and Zhang Fakui, who sympathized with the Communist Party, all issued statements expressing their firm support for Wuhan. Express support for Wuhan. When Chiang Kai-shek hesitated to clear the party, Wang Jingwei finally returned to his hometown from Moscow. On April 1, 1927, the day after the predecessor "political elite" Kang Youwei died of illness in Qingdao, Wang Jingwei returned to Shanghai from abroad. Wang Jingwei has many supporters in the party and has some prestige.Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek decided to meet Wang Jingwei in Shanghai and hold a meeting to discuss.It would be best if Wang Jingwei could be won over, and if the talks fail, it will not be too late to use force. After two rounds of talks, Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei reached the following agreement: First, Chiang Kai-shek expressed his firm support for Wang Jingwei's reinstatement; Second, Wang Jingwei convened the Fourth Plenary Session of the Second Central Committee of the Kuomintang on April 15, at which the issue of Soviet advisors and the Communist Party was discussed and decided; Third, notify the Wuhan Central Committee that the order issued by Wuhan is invalid until Wang Jingwei is reinstated; Fourth, all armed groups such as workers' pickets are subject to the command of Commander-in-Chief Chiang, otherwise they will be regarded as counter-revolutionary organizations and strictly banned; Fifth, the Communist Party suspended its activities within the Kuomintang. Next, Wang Jingwei found Chen Duxiu, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, introduced Chiang Kai-shek's situation, and warned him: You must control your party's activities, and never give Chiang Kai-shek a chance to provoke trouble. Chen Duxiu was also in a dilemma at this time. Just a few days ago, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made up its mind to launch labor movements in Shanghai and other places to take back the foreign concessions, to fight against imperialism, and to show some toughness to Chiang Kai-shek. Chiang Kai-shek made some concessions to maintain the current situation of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and not to force Chiang Kai-shek to the side of other imperialism (Yang Kuisong's "Unity with the Communist Party" and "Anti-Communism" of the Kuomintang"). When Chen Duxiu was worrying about this matter, Wang Jingwei came to the door himself. Therefore, on April 5, Wang Jingwei and Chen Duxiu jointly issued the "Wang Chen Manifesto" - "Letter to the Comrades of the Two Parties", reiterating that the Communist Party recognizes the core position of the Chinese Kuomintang and the Three People's Principles in the Chinese revolution, and that the proletariat will not engage in dictatorship That set, the workers' and peasants' armed forces resolutely obey the government's management, and the Kuomintang should not doubt the policy of the alliance with the Communist Party. The rumors about the Kuomintang expelling Communists and disbanding the workers' pickets are all rumors. The Kuomintang and the Communist Party will work together to the end for the cause of the Chinese revolution Be instigated by anyone with bad intentions. This joint declaration is actually an attempt by Wang and Chen to ease the situation.But the two overestimated their own prestige in front of comrades in the party, and as a result, they did not get things done and put themselves in it. The first is Chen Duxiu.Since the Soviet Union and the Communist International have been bypassing him as the general secretary to issue orders directly to the Communist Party, he has no real power at all.However, when comrades in the party were dissatisfied with Chiang Kai-shek's anti-communist policy, he issued such a concession statement, which greatly reduced his party's prestige. As for Wang Jingwei, his situation is not much better.The right wing of the Kuomintang originally opposed both the Communist Party of China and Chiang Kai-shek, but when they saw the firm position of the Communist Party of China in Wang Jingwei's declaration, they became frustrated and turned to support Chiang Kai-shek.After all, in the eyes of the rightists, they and Chiang Kai-shek are only conflicts within the party, but they have irreconcilable conflicts with the Communist Party. More importantly, Chiang Kai-shek was greatly disappointed by this: Wang Jingwei did not fulfill his promise at all. Not only did he not suspend the activities of the Communist Party, he actually made his own claim to ensure that the Nationalist Government had no intention of sanctioning the Communist Party! Seeing that things deviated from the expected track, Chiang Kai-shek made his final decision. On April 12, Chiang Kai-shek issued an order to "purge the party by force". It was a bloody day, and the streets of Shanghai were full of gunshots. More than 300 people were killed, more than 500 were arrested, and thousands of people disappeared. Worker leader and trade union chairman Wang Shouhua died, and Zhou Enlai narrowly escaped. Blood stained the streets of Shanghai and the Huangpu River red. On April 15th, Guangdong Li Jishen raised troops to respond to Chiang Kai-shek and crusade against the Communist Party.This time, more famous communists fell under the guns. Xiong Xiong, Xiao Chunv, etc. died. Hundreds of communists and classmates who sympathized with the Communist Party were shot dead in Huangpu Military Academy. . Subsequently, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi and other provinces also began to use force to purge the party, white terror suddenly emerged, and countless people fell to the ground. Communists such as Chen Duxiu and Zhou Enlai fled to Wuhan. Strictly speaking, Chiang Kai-shek's "April 12 coup" did not rely on his basic army - the Whampoa Army. Because the political education in Whampoa was already deeply ingrained, facing such a situation, even He Yingqin and Liu Zhi, the hardcore confidants of Chiang Kai-shek, were a little at a loss, worried about a mutiny, and once wanted to resign and leave.However, some lower-ranking officers in Whampoa were disheartened and simply left. Chiang Kai-shek still relied on the local warlords who agreed to work with him, such as Li Zongren, Li Jishen, etc., and even used the Shanghai Youth Gang under the leadership of Huang Jinrong, Du Yuesheng and Zhang Xiaolin, who were related to him when he was in the rivers and lakes. In the "April 12 Coup", although many leftists of the Kuomintang were killed, there is no doubt that the Communist Party has shed the most blood and is the most wronged. We Communists support the "three major policies" and help the Kuomintang achieve the great cause of the Northern Expedition. , You have worked hard, but now you are crossing the river and demolishing bridges, those who arrested me, those who killed me, this account must be settled! In fact, this dispute originated from the struggle for power within the Kuomintang, as well as the struggle between the Kuomintang and the Soviet Union for the leadership of the revolution. The real protagonists were the rightists and leftists of the Kuomintang and Soviet advisers, such as Chiang Kai-shek, Sun Ke, Deng Yanda, and Borodin. Chiang Kai-shek took advantage of dissatisfaction with the workers and peasants movement within the army, and successfully used the anti-communist purge to unite the army around him. The purpose was actually to defeat the opposition within the Kuomintang and eliminate the influence of the Soviet Union and the Communist International on the Kuomintang. The "April 12" gunshots shattered all the illusions and expectations of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party moving forward hand in hand. Since then, the Communist Party called Chiang Kai-shek a "reactionary", and Chiang Kai-shek called the Communist Party a "Communist bandit." Wang Jingwei, who was far away in Wuhan, was very anxious: Haven't we reached a consensus? Why did you, Chiang Kai-shek, break your promise?So he delivered a severely worded speech: Chiang Kai-shek's "cleaning the party by force" is just an excuse, it is counter-revolutionary, it is insane, it is self-renunciation from the party, it is self-extermination from the people, and it deserves death. Wang Jingwei immediately issued a telegram in the name of the Kuomintang Central Committee, announcing that Chiang Kai-shek would be expelled from the party and removed from all positions. Wuhan's attack on Chiang Kai-shek reached a feverish level, which made Chiang Kai-shek's supporters in Wuhan all silent and flee secretly. Chiang Kai-shek saw that Wang Jingwei's face had been torn apart, so he simply went all the way to the end, established a national government in Nanjing, and appointed himself the chairman of the Central Military Commission and the commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army.As for the candidate for the chairman of the Nanjing National Government, he has already found a candidate. This person is the only right-wing leader of the Kuomintang, Hu Hanmin, who can rival Wang Jingwei and is out of work because of the "Assassination of Liao". As a result, the Kuomintang was divided into two, known in history as "Ning (Nanjing) and Han (Wuhan) split". The Northern Expedition was originally intended to unify China, but in the middle of the battle, there were three governments: the Beijing Republic of China Government, the Wang Ji Wuhan National Government, and the Jiang Ji Nanjing National Government. Chiang Kai-shek originally thought that after the "disintegration of the Communist Party", unity within the Kuomintang could be achieved, interference would be eliminated, and the Northern Expedition completed.But he did not expect that the division of the Communist Party was realized, but the Kuomintang also split.Politically, Wang Jingwei, Hu Hanmin, and Chiang Kai-shek each had their own opinions; in terms of military affairs, Chiang Kai-shek and warlords of all sizes throughout the country fought against each other almost every day.The country plunged into deeper chaos.