Chapter 31 Chapter 31

The West Nuan Pavilion of the Hall of Mental Cultivation is divided into several small rooms.The temple forehead in the front room of the west room was originally "difficult to be a king", but later changed to "diligence in government and close to the virtuous", all of which are written by Emperor Yongzheng.As a monarch, the "difficulty" lies in "diligence in politics and closeness to the virtuous": being diligent in politics or neglecting playfulness, being close to the virtuous or being close to the treacherous, is indeed a boundary stone between a wise monarch and a foolish monarch.The couplet on both sides of the forehead said: "If only one person rules the world, how can we serve one person for the world." At the west end of the Xinuan Pavilion of the Hall of Mental Cultivation, there is a small room, which is exquisite and unique, elegant and quiet, with sufficient lighting and warm in winter. The greenhouse in the hall is the reading place for the emperor.In the eleventh year of Qianlong (1746), Emperor Qianlong regarded Wang Xizhi's "Quick Snow and Sunny Post" (referred to as "Quick Snow Post"), Wang Xianzhi's "Mid-Autumn Post" and Wang Xun's "Boyuan Post" as three rare treasures , collected here, changed the name of the greenhouse to "Sanxitang", and personally wrote on the forehead of the hall.

"Sanxitang", the house is very small, according to my actual measurement: 210 cm long from east to west, 228 cm wide from north to south, with an area of ​​4.8 square meters, and a roof height (ground to ceiling) of 197 cm (about 260 cm for ordinary buildings today).Half of the house is a kang, 210 cm long, 114 cm wide, and 2.4 square meters in area, which is smaller than a double bed in an ordinary household. The outer room of "Sanxi Hall" is 363 cm long, 210 cm wide, and covers an area of ​​7.62 square meters. The floor is paved with square tiles with blue and white geometric patterns.On the east wall of the kang, the forehead of "Sanxitang" is hung, and the couplets on both sides say: "Look at the past and the present with your arms in your arms, and care about the past and the present with your heart." Qianlong's imperial inscription has been preserved to this day.On the west wall, there is a picture of "People Viewing Flowers" jointly painted by Castiglione Castiglione and Jin Tingbiao, which is 95 cm long and 95 cm wide.Stickers are calligraphy and paintings pasted on walls or doors in the palace.On the east end of the kang, there is a set of backrest, cushion and hand, a jade ruyi and a spittoon.In front of the cushion is a desk, 70 cm long, 31 cm wide, 0.22 square meters in area, and 38 cm high.On the desk, there is a jade pen container (several writing brushes inside), a jade pen mountain (pen holder), and an inkstone.At the west end of the kang, there are several double-layer kangs, 96 cm long, 27 cm wide, 0.26 square meters in area, and 38 cm high.On the window sill of the south window of the kang, there are one jade sheep, one jade mountain, one jade crown frame, one jade bi and one jade horn cup.A wall bottle is hung on the left and right facades of the window sill.

The other half of the house is the ground, and its area is as large as that of the kang.East wall: 11 wall vases, placed and hung in an orderly manner, luxurious and elegant.On the ground below the wall vase, there are Sanxitang Fatie nanmu boxes, each 19 cm long, 11 cm wide, and 11 cm high, eight boxes, two boxes in each stack, a total of four stacks.West Wall: It is a large mirror from top to bottom.The mirror is facing the wall vase on the east wall, making the room visually wider.According to the statistics of Mr. Zheng Xinmiao, Sanxi Hall has a total of 110 cultural relics on display.The whole house skillfully integrates interior decoration, walls, floors, ceilings, stationery, cultural relics, toys and architecture.

"Sanxi Hall" is not relatively small, but very small.Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Empire read and wrote in a low and narrow hall of only 4.8 square meters. If there were no real objects, it would be unbelievable to see the real scene with his own eyes.Visitors to the Forbidden City peeped out of the window of the "Sanxi Hall" and thought of the size of those big offices and executive desks. Compared with them, they were filled with emotion! Such a hut has been famous all over the world for more than two hundred years. Why?Tang Liu Yuxi's "Humble Room Inscription" said: "If the mountain is not high, there will be a name if there are immortals; if the water is not deep, there will be a dragon if there is a spirit." By extension, the room is not big, but there are treasures.In Sanxi Hall, there are neither immortals nor dragons, but there are three rare treasures.Emperor Qianlong wrote "Sanxitang Ji" and said: "Wang Xizhi's "Quick Snow Post", Wang Xianzhi's "Mid-Autumn Post" and Wang Xun's "Boyuan Post" are all rare treasures in the world. The greenhouse was renamed "Sanxitang" to hide it." The word "xi" here means rare, so it was named "Sanxitang". The source of the name "Sanxitang" also has the meaning of ethics and philosophy: "Scholars want the virtuous, the virtuous hope the saint, and the holy heaven." Emperor Qianlong: "The scholar hopes the virtuous, the virtuous hopes the saint, and the holy heaven." Zhou Dunyi originally The words are: "Sages hope heaven, sages hope sages, and scholars hope sages." (Hongli "Sanxitangji") The word "Xi" here means admiration. Scholars admire the realm of "virtuous", and sages admire The realm of "holy", while saints admire "heaven" - the highest realm of "unity of man and nature".Unremitting pursuit, self-improvement.