Chapter 22 Chapter 19 Social Form under the Feudal Forces in Disguise (Part 1) in the Western Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties

Since the dedication of the spirit, the sea has been deserted and left, and there are no one or two in ten households.In other words, such as: Luoyang Dong Zhuo moved westward, and the rest of his people, with millions of people, went to Chang'an.Burn the ancestral temples, government offices, and homes. Within 200 miles, the houses are all destroyed, and there are no chickens or dogs.Later, when Emperor Xian returned to Luo, all officials draped thorns and thorns, leaning against the wall.Hundreds of bureaucrats were starving, and Shang Shulang and his subordinates went out to pick rice, or starved to death in the wall, or were killed by soldiers.

When Dong Zhuochu died in Chang'an, there were still hundreds of thousands of Sanfu people.Li and Guo fought each other, sent troops to plunder, and starved them. Emperor Xian fled, and the city of Chang'an was empty for more than forty days.The strong scattered, and the winners ate each other. In two or three years, there was no one left in Guanzhong. The people of Xufang in Xuzhou were prosperous in Yin, and most of the refugees returned there.Cao Cao's father, Song, took refuge in Langya, where he was killed by Tao Qian's other general.In the fourth year of Chuping, Cao Gongqian, who killed hundreds of thousands of men and women, did not flow in Surabaya, five counties, no whereabouts.The three assistants were rebelled by Li Jue, and all those who lived in Yiqian were wiped out.Cao Cao also said to himself: "The people in the old land are almost dying, and they travel all day long in the middle of the country. I don't know what I know, which makes me sad and sad."

Jingzhou Liu Biao was in Jingzhou, and there were thousands of scholars returning from Guanxi, Yan, and Yu; Shouchun and Yuan Shu were in the Jianghuai River and Huaihe River, and they took it to Pulong, and the people ate each other, and the state was depressed. Others such as Shandong, Hebei, and Ganlong are not withered. Based on the battle of Chibi, the three parties fought less than 300,000 people. Cao Cao, together with China and Liu Biao, have a total of more than 200,000.Sun Quan sent Zhou Yu, saying, "Fifty thousand people are difficult to join, and 30,000 people have been selected."Zhuge Liang claimed to have "Guan Yu's navy has ten thousand soldiers, and Liu Qi's Jiangxia soldiers have ten thousand."It can be seen that there was a shortage of strong men at that time.

Chen Qun said: "After the chaos, the people were no more than a county in terms of Chinese and Jingshi", which is hardly an empty statement. As far as the whole history is concerned, there is nothing less than the time of household registration. This is the case in the late season of the Three Kingdoms, and the chaos can be imagined. During the great turmoil of the peasants, the local government disintegrated along with the central government. They had nothing to rely on and had to rely on the local or nearby powerful clans.The powerful clans armed them and formed a self-defense group, and they became the "trilogy" of the powerful clans.

For example, Li Dian lived in the Cheng family, and there were more than 3,000 clans and tribes, with more than 13,000 mouths.Yuan and Cao refused Guandu, Li Dian sent grain and silk to Cao Jun, and then all moved to Ye.Li Dian's people are armed, so they are called "parts".There are also those who take refuge in relatively remote places, do not need armed forces, and use government orders to restrain each other. For example, Tian Chou led his clan to take refuge in Wuzhong Mountain, and the people returned there. In a few years, there were more than 5,000 families.The Yuan family died, and more than three hundred members of his family lived in Ye.There are also those who get together and become bandits. For example, when Li Tong paid homage to the prefect of Runan, more than 5,000 families including the thief Zhang Chi gathered in Taoshan to attack it.

If so, the peasants will change from citizens of the country to private members of the wealthy family.It is really a reduction in the status of farmers. The situation was gradually clarified, and the powerful clans in various places gradually disappeared and merged their influence under a few big forces, and then rebuilt the government. This is the Three Kingdoms.The most serious problem at that time was that there were only soldiers but no peasants. There is no plan for the army to live forever, if it is hungry, it will be plundered, and if it is full, it will be abandoned.Peasants cannot be self-sufficient unless they join the army.Afterwards, the soldiers could not survive unless they were converted into peasants.Yuan Shao was in Hebi, and the soldiers ate jujubes on their backs.Yuan Shu was in the Jianghuai River and Huaihe River, and he took it to Pu Ling.

The temporary solution to this problem is the farming system.Especially the author is like Cao Cao's garrison. In the first year of Emperor Xian's Jian'an, Cao Cao used Zaozhi and Han Hao to propose building farmland, and made a promise to recruit people to farm the farmland.State and county regulations set up land officials, where they accumulate valleys.Conquering the Quartet, without the labor of transporting food, can annex the heroes. Deng Aizhi garrison Huainan and North. In the first four years of Qi Wangfang's reign, he proposed to farm in Huainan and North: "20,000 people in Huaibei, 30,000 people in Huainan, 12 minutes off, there are often 40,000 people, and the fields are kept." From Shouchun to the capital, farmers and soldiers field , Qianmo belongs to each other.

The army replaced the peasants as the basic citizens of the country, and the generals who supervised the farms were temporarily equivalent to the local administrators. In the first year of Xianxi at the end of the Wei Dynasty, the official dismissal of the Tuntian officials began, with Diannong as the prefect and Du Wei as the commander.In the second year of Taishi in the early Jin Dynasty, the agricultural officials were dismissed as prefectures and counties.But in the future there will be agricultural officials again.At that time, it was not easy to transfer the perversion of military administration to the normal state of civil administration.

This is a great movement of "returning troops to agriculture".In the vicinity of the central capital, and even in the hinterland of the central capital, garrison farming has been practiced.From the perspective of the entire political issue, it has to be said that it is a good way to survive the dead end.But in terms of the status of farmers, it is a big setback. Farmers since the Han Dynasty cultivated their own land as citizens and paid rent to the government.Now it is the government that assigns troops to cultivate the barren land without owners. Invisibly, the ownership of the farmland is transferred from the hands of the farmers to the government.The most obvious impact of this change is the increased taxation of farmers.

Rent in the Han Dynasty was usually one tax per fifteen, or even one tax per thirty.The rent in the Wei and Jin Dynasties was "six points for officials who hold official cattle, and four points for ordinary people; those who privately own cattle for official land, share with officials."This is Wang Mang's so-called "rich people rob fakes and collect tithes."Now the government is the proud citizen. After a long period of great turmoil, the peasants had already lost their arable land, and now they are using the land as a national army to replace their wages.Until the unification of the Western Jin Dynasty and the end of the military situation, this situation was realized in the system, which became the "household investigation" in the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty.At the same time, commerce was completely destroyed.

In the second year of Huangchu, Emperor Wen of Wei Dynasty, he gave up five baht coins and ordered the people to use grain and silk as their market.It can prove the sluggish business at that time. The main cause of the sluggish business is the excessive damage caused by the long-term military struggle. During the Chu and Han Dynasties, businessmen took advantage of the opportunity to profit, which proves that the social and economic instability at that time was not as great as the chaos of the Three Kingdoms and the Five Hus. And because of the disappearance of the merchant class, the opposition between peasants and aristocratic families became more obvious. After Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty pacified Wu, he set up a "household adjustment system": "The household of a male household loses three pieces of silk and three catties of cotton at the age of one year; females and second male households lose half. A man occupies an area of ​​70 mu, and a woman 30 mu. Acres. Among them, males have 50 mu of land, and females have 20 acres; males and half of the next male have no land, and females do not have any land.” This is the provision of household adjustment. "Diao" originally means dispatch, so household transfer still follows the old rules of soldiers farming since the Three Kingdoms period. The word "hutiao" first appeared in the biography of Wei Zhi and Zhao Yan.This is the system implemented by Yuan Shao in Hebei.This is also a temporary method for the troubled times after the disintegration of the central government.When Cao Cao got Hebei, he ordered the land rent to be increased by four acres, and the households paid two horses of silk and two catties of cotton.The Jin system was based on household adjustment and land rent, and the time became more and more peaceful, from soldiers to peasants, so households must bring fields. Men occupy 70 mu of land, and women occupy 30 mu of land, making a total of 100 mu, which is the ancient system of 100 mu per husband.It is said that "the men outside the land have 50 mu of land, and the women have 20 mu of land", which means that 70 mu of land should not be given outside the 100 mu. .In other words, it is seven-tenths of the land rent. In the fourth year of Taishi, Fu Xuan said: "Old soldiers who hold official cattle will get six points for officials, and four points for scholars; those who hold private cattle will be divided among officials. It has been practiced for a long time, and everyone feels at ease. Today, it is reduced. Those who hold an official ox will get eight points for the official and two points for the scholar; those who hold private cattle or no ox will get seven points for the official and three points for the scholar. Those who hold private cattle will be divided among the officials." It can be seen that the Jin Dynasty had a seventeen-year rent collection system at that time, and although Fu Xuan had suggested it, the Jin Dynasty did not listen to it.Household adjustment still collects rent according to the law of private cattle and no cattle, so 100 mu is divided into 70 mu. In parallel with household modulation, there is still a system of "official products occupying land".Let the first rank occupy 50 hectares, and the second rank forty-five hectares, and each of them shades their relatives according to their ranks.Also, people in the shade think that they are clothing, food and tenants. Note: "Shadow" are all privately owned, and there is no public class service.That is to say, the state allows this part of the people's land to be privately owned; at the same time, the state does not change the salary of the officials, and its system is very similar to the ancient feudal system.It is said in history: "From Jin Dynasty to Liang Dynasty and Chen Dynasty, all the people in Duji were tenants of princes and dignitaries, diners, clothes and eaters, etc., and there were no school services, and the tenants and grains were shared with everyone." rent.It can be seen that none of these belong to the government.Although there is an explicit limit to the land occupation system for official products, it may not be effective.The situation remained the same until the south crossing. The intention of this system is not to grant the privilege of private occupation to the powerful clan, but to include the household registration and land that the powerful clan had previously privately occupied at that time into public ownership, and allow them a maximum amount of private occupation. Under the political conditions at the time, this was impossible.However, speaking from the perspective of farmers, it is generally the same as collecting rent on the 28th and 37th, and there is no choice between public and private. In the first year of Taishi, Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, the people were ordered to return to free labor, and the generals and senior officials were dismissed.In the third year of Xianning's amnesty, he was exempted from the post of governor of Buqu.All of these are before the household regulation is issued, and the intention is nothing more than to take the private people of the powerful clan back to the public.However, Jin Wu, as the founding king, has absolutely no kindness and benevolence towards the people. The household taxation is still the same as that of the soldiers in the field. He just wants to rely on the majesty of the royal family to rob the subordinates. How can it be successful?The Jin Dynasty will not last forever, it can only be seen here. When the Eastern Jin Dynasty crossed the south, a generation of gentry, and a large number of clan relatives and tribes gathered and migrated to the south. According to the legend of Zu Ti: "Ti, a native of Fanyang, led hundreds of relatives to avoid Huai and Si, and pushed Ti to be the main traveler. At Sikou, Emperor Yuan reversely used it as the governor of Xuzhou, and thought it was Yuzhou. Ti moved the tribe to a hundred The Yu family crossed the river." In the uncultivated fields of the South they set about their work of colonization and aggression. "Be good at cutting forests and pools, and patent mountains and seas." "The rich and strong occupy both mountains and mountains, and the poor and weak have no salary." Gather and drink its water plants." This is a copy painting of an ancient feudal nobleman. Especially the author, such as the biography of Kong Jigong in the Song Dynasty: "his younger brother's spiritual talisman established a villa in Yongxing, 33 miles away, 265 hectares of water and land, including two mountains, and nine orchards. It was rectified by a department and ordered The original." Although the royal family wanted to suppress it, they were not strong enough and the decline was irreversible. Jin Renchen's edict: "Occupy the mountain to protect the lake, and use the law of robbers", but it cannot be banned.Occupying the mountain and sealing the water, gradually dyeing and re-growing.The common people are responsible for the taxation of fishing and fishing, and Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty banned it, but it still continues. Corresponding to the taxation system under this situation, the tax collected from the land is converted into an export tax. In the fifth year of Xianhe Emperor Cheng, he first went to the common people's fields, and took ten percent of it, and the tax rate was three liters of rice per mu.In the second year of Xiaowu Taiyuan, in addition to the Dutian tax collection system, below the princes, the mouth tax was three dendrobiums, but the battle was in the body.In the eighth year, the tax was increased by five shi.This Gaihao has many right fields, especially Yourao.Tax fields are richer and poorer, and tax outlets are richer and poorer. In this way, the nobles occupy the land without the burden of taxes.Song Xiaowu set up a special system of "official products occupying mountains". The first and second ranks of the official rank occupy three hectares of the mountain; the third and fourth ranks occupy two hectares and fifty mu; the fifth and sixth ranks occupy two hectares; Jiupin and common people, one hectare. Its intention is the same as that of the Western Jin official order to occupy land, but the effect is still very little.The gentry who occupy the mountains and seal the rivers not only refuse to accept the local government's orders in the name of living abroad; the people who come with them also rely on them to escape school labor.Therefore, from Xiankang onwards, the Jin Dynasty repeatedly sang the theory of "earth breaking". Jinshu Chengdiji: "In the seventh year of Xiankang, the households were actually registered, and all below the princes were officially registered in the land." Also Ai Dilong and Gengxu in March of the first year, the land where the world is located. "Tuduan" is a person who wants to live abroad, and is also included in the native place of the place where he is located, and is also subject to the decree of the local government.However, in Xiankang Tuduan Huang and Bai are separated, and there is still the name of Tuduan, but there is no reality of Tuduan. During the time of Xiaowu, Fan Ning was the prefect of Yuzhang, and Shangshu was extremely arguing about it.It is said: "The ancients divided the land and divided the territory to benefit the hearts of the people. The sage king made it, and there is no distinction between yellow and white. In the past, the central plains were in chaos, and they lived on the left of the river. There was a period of turning back, so he was allowed to annotate this county. .Today it is appropriate to rectify its frontiers, use the land to determine households, and the subject of examinations in the Ming Dynasty, and the law of Luwu. Those who are in trouble must say: "Everyone has his own hometown, and the custom has its own north and south. Once the dynasty belongs to the household, and the elders are the vassals. A gentleman has the generosity of the earth, while a villain has the worry of being a servant.'Sicheng is the one who sticks to it, not the rational one." Note: Fan Shu does not distinguish between yellow and white books, It is said that "one dynasty belongs to the household, and the elder is a scribe", which means obeying all government orders of the local government.It is said that "the villain is worried about serving in the next class", that is to say, he must be unanimously answering the class service.According to Fan Shu, it is known that villains who live overseas should not be served, because they are all from Baiji. After that, Huan Wen and Liu Yu took charge of it repeatedly. In the ninth year of Emperor An Xixi, Liu Yu made a statement: "The Great Sima Huanwen, Gengxu, and the land were cut off. At that time, the wealth and prosperity of the country were actually due to this. From here to now, it has gradually become useless. I live in exile, and I don't repair it. Please According to Gengxu, the division of Tuduan." So according to Jiejie Tuduan, various streams lived in counties and counties, and most of them were merged into provinces. However, once the disadvantages are solved, he has another disadvantage.After the Song and Qi Dynasties, the special treatment for overseas Chinese residences seemed to be abolished, and the unfair influence of scholars and commoners caused more troublesome problems of counterfeiting.As long as you falsely note your hometown and enter the scholar stream, you can avoid class service.This situation is getting worse. Emperor Gao of Qi issued an edict in the second year of Jianyuan: "The great discipline of the people of Huang Ji is the rule of the country. From the vulgar and ingenious hypocrisy, to the theft of titles and the stealing of the years, these are the giant beetles of politics and the deep flaws of education." At the same time Yu Wanshang’s Huangji reform list also said: “Since the founding of Xiaojian, there have been many people who have been honored, and among them, there is no one in three. There is also a change of registration certificate, fraudulently entering the official stream. In the past, he was a slave. , and today they are anti-servants.” During Emperor Wu of Liang’s reign, Shen Yueshangshu also said, “Following the humble annotations, updating books and new books, and exchanging old ones with new ones, it’s only 10,000 yuan. The service is reduced, and the position is due to this". Those who serve as national school servants are still full of poor and poor households. According to the biography of Lu Huixiao, a book of the Southern Qi Dynasty: "Shanyin County has 20,000 registered households, and half of them have less than 3,000 riches. Most of those who have riches are scholars. When they are demolished, all the poorest are exposed as servants. Three The five genus organs, Gai Wei, are divided into definite ones, and the hundred ends are transferred into tunes, but it is always the case." The large-scale falsification and counterfeiting made Huang Ji's reasoning unreasonable and beyond investigation.But it tells us: At that time, ordinary people no longer let the nobles who talked about wine and wine enjoy their special benefits alone. The people of Shen Yue couldn't try to eliminate the boundary between scholars and common people, but wanted to study the Jin nationality and use it to redefine it. This really represents the vision and insight of the scholar-bureaucrats in the Southern Dynasties. Soldiers have been completely separated from farmers since the Three Kingdoms. This matter is true for Wei, Shu, and Wu. Liu Songzou: "In the past, Emperor Wu of the Wei Dynasty separated the world and made people serve and live in one side. It is necessary for the situation and has a purpose. It is not canonical to go to work for a while. It will be changed at the end of the year." In the sixth year of Wei Jiaping's imperial edict, Liu Zheng and Zheng Xiang bestowed titles on Marquis of Guanzhong, and each removed his name.Zhong Yuchuan also said: "For the court officer, the founder is a marquis, and his wife will no longer be married." And Lu Yuchuan: "The death of a scholar is the law, and the crime is his wife." Gao Rouzhuan also has a scholar who escaped the law.Cao Zhizuo: "At the beginning, I was entrusted with a hundred and fifty soldiers. I sent them off three times before and after the rest of the soldiers, and the conscripts have been exhausted. There are still children, over seven or eight years old, sixteen or seven years old, and more than 30 people." It is the Wei Zhishi, the people have different origins, and each family has inherited it from generation to generation.After the death of Wu and Shu, they accepted their nationality, and they were all scholars and people with different backgrounds. In general, "the strong become soldiers, and the weak make up households". The strong ones belong to the central government, the second ones are assigned to private families, and the weaker ones are assigned to Nanmu. Huayang Guozhi: "Zhuge Liang moved more than 10,000 families of Qingqiang, a strong soldier in Nanzhong, to Shu, and formed five tribes, and set up five captains. They were divided into Yingwei, and they were assigned to the big surnames as trilogy." The recipients got two hundred families in Xin'an County, Kuaiji. Jian regarded them all as good soldiers, and went up to Chen Ren, begging for repayment of officials. Said: "It's useless to think that you are a servant, not a sign." Wu Zhuangjue Jiazhi, go down to the counties and counties, it is expected that the main household and the poor people will make up for it." The first to be registered as a soldier will be given preferential treatment and can be exempted from military service. At that time, the soldiers are better than the people.Gradually, the affairs of the army are not important at the time, and the soldiers are only used for service, and the granaries are thinner. At that time, the farmers are better than the soldiers. According to Lu Kai's biography: "The soldiers of the former emperor were not served by others, so that in the spring they could only know how to farm, and in the autumn they could only harvest rice. If something happened in Jiangzhu, they should be punished with death. Today's warriors are provided for the public service, and the granary can't support them." Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty pacified Wu and issued an edict to go to the prefectures and county soldiers. In the fifth year of Xianning's attack on Wu, the imperial edict: "Tune the families of all scholars, take one of the second and third Dings, and take two of the fourth Dings."To go to the state and county soldiers is to go to the scholar's registration.The disease of the Jin Dynasty is that the land rent is collected according to the amount of the farmland, and there is no longer the system of the two Han Dynasty's taxation, and there is no system of the Han Dynasty's captains and civilians fighting in battle. The people of the Eastern Jin Dynasty returned to the powerful, and the government felt a lack of military service. Wu Zhi: Biao, the concubine of Chen Wu, who received the gift and got two hundred families, begged to return the official, Sun Quan praised it.He is like Zhu Huan's trilogy with thousands of mouths, and Pan Zhang's wife gave him fifty families.Deng Ai Chuanyun said: "Wu Mingzong's big family all have trilogy, and it is enough to disobey orders to prevent troops from fighting." These trilogy and children's customers are all private households, which are beyond the reach of the national school service. So there is the so-called "sending slaves as soldiers". The idea of ​​sending slaves to serve as soldiers originated from Diao Xie and Dai Yuan.Xi and Dai are both from the south, and the Jin and Yuan emperors relied on them to seek to suppress the Wang family.Since then, every time there is a conquest, slaves are often sent.Yu Yi sent the slaves of the six prefectures to the Northern Expedition, and Yu Yi was also a relative of the Jin Dynasty, and he wanted to be the conspirator of the strong and the weak.It can be seen that sending slaves into soldiers is exactly one of the things that the central government competes with the rich for the people.Song Wu Shizhao: "Firstly, the slaves sent by the military will be returned to their owners. If they die or are exempted from meritorious service, they will also be returned according to the limit." There is also the so-called "conceited as a soldier". According to Yu Bing's biography: "It is expected that more than 10,000 unknown people are hidden in the real household registration, so as to enrich the army." There are many powerful shades. Again there is "crime relegated to soldiers" Fan Ningshu: "When the military service is exhausted, it is in vain to serve the beloved, and it is drawn for no reason, so it can be supplemented." Yiyun: "The old system does not follow each other. For many lifetimes, the offspring of relatives suffered from their scourges, and the household registration was reduced, which is also due to this." And its family. And forced hereditary military service. Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty said: "The military system is strict, and the task is to be appropriate. The service is dead and rebellious, and the relatives are relocated, and the exodus is wide. It has not been seen to the extreme. Since now, crimes have been filled with soldiers, and those who join the household as servants will be paid to the battalion and escorted." .Those who have the family control and banishment are not allowed to invade and serve their relatives in order to contaminate them." Therefore, there are so-called "military families", "ying households" and "military households". At that time, the well-dressed gentry were not subject to state service, so naturally they could not talk about joining the army. This is the point of difference between the nobles below the Wei and Jin Dynasties and the Spring and Autumn Period and the pre-Qin period.They have political privileges, but they do not have armed forces to defend themselves. Not only can they not be armed, but their subordinate clan soldiers have also been disarmed, which is different from the scholar-bureaucrats of the Three Kingdoms period. Another part is sheltered by the gentry of the clothes and crowns and serves as their tenants, clothes and eaters, etc. They also evade the obligation of school service and military service to the country. Moreover, because the privileged class of the well-dressed gentry was on top, the armed soldiers who joined the army did not have their origins. Therefore, soldiers became a special and humble status in the society at that time, which was different from the aristocratic feudal era when the soldiers were nobles, and also different from the Western Han Dynasty where all citizens of the country were required to perform military service.The status of soldiers is only equal to slaves and criminals, and joining the army is just hard labor.The country's army is essentially like private servants and children. They do not have the status of citizens, and the government often bestows them on private individuals. At that time, there were ministers who bestowed thousands of soldiers and hundreds of cavalry, such as Wei Guan, Runan Wang Liang, Xunzu, Lu Ye, etc., as for the gift of hundreds of personal soldiers and even dozens of swords, it was too numerous to count. Private families also openly take over public military households as their own. Fan Ning said: "When Fangzhen is resigned from the government, all the fine weapons and battles of Fangzhen are sent away. The number of soldiers sent to more than a thousand families, and the few to dozens of households. After entering the private sector, the capital is restored to the government." With such a status as a soldier, how can they serve the country and shoulder the important task of restoring the Central Plains? Only the upper class of Jing and Xiang, because of the sufficient food, the town soldiers are slightly available. During the reign of Emperor Yuan, "the envoys made their own tenants, that is to say, they were named granaries".At the beginning of Xianning, Emperor Wu, he issued an edict "Using Xi officials and slaves to replace Jiabing soldiers to plant rice." At that time, the country did not provide specific salaries for the army, and the farming in the south of the Yangtze River was not yet developed, so Xiang and Han Shangliu had their own heavy troops. And every time it is a sharp handle for civil strife among powerful officials. Waiting until Xiexuan Town Guangling, created as a recruiter, named "Beifu Bing", the status of the soldiers began to improve, and Feishui was built.The throne of the Eastern Jin Dynasty was handed over to the soldiers of this line. Although Wang and Xie are both called the Sheng family in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, their situations are slightly different.Wang takes support as his career, and Xie takes it as merit.One is only about guarding the door, and the other is about building meritorious deeds.Among the people in Jiangbei and Henan, Ji Zhan used it to reject Shile, Zu Ti used it to turn to Ruluo, and Wang Daofu was able to do anything, because he only relied on Wang Dun to be in the upper class, and did not want to be divided into powers.Those outside of Wang Dun and Huan Wen, who valued internal affairs and neglected capital, often coerced Jingxiang to cause civil strife.Xie An sent Huan Chong to Jingjiang instead of Xie Xuan to oversee Jiangbei's military affairs.The people who migrated from the Central Plains to the south, there are many people who are upright and talented, and Xie Xuan chose to lead a simple army. It is really not a blessing to have a victory in Feishui in six years. It's a pity that after the Liu Song Dynasty, the society was still on the opposite side of the scholars and common people, and the soldiers still couldn't find their due status.