Chapter 45 3. The whereabouts of the party secretary of Fujian and Jiangxi provinces are unknown

Ninghua is a typical small southern city in the Central Soviet Area.A stream flows slowly through the city, dividing the town into two halves.A chic arch bridge over the river connects the two halves of the city.There is an ancient pagoda on the bank of the river. This ancient pagoda has been standing for an unknown number of years. In August 1934, Ninghua City suddenly became extremely lively, and the number of people wearing military uniforms in the city increased significantly, coming and going, very busy.It turned out that the Fujian-Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee and the military region organs were transferred to this small town in the Soviet area.

In the autumn of 1933, Chiang Kai-shek mobilized 500,000 troops to launch the fifth military "encirclement and suppression" against the Central Revolutionary Base.Fujian and Jiangxi provinces are at the forefront.Due to the wrong leadership of the "Left" line, the Red Army lost steadily.The Northern Fujian Division and the Xinfu Division in the northern part of Fujian and Jiangxi Province have been lost one after another, and the focus of work in Fujian and Jiangxi Province has continued to move southward.The offices of the Provincial Party Committee and the military region have also been relocated several times. In August 1934, they were moved to Ninghua City. Now they are located in several large private houses by the river.

In October 1934, the fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression" failed, and a large part of the Soviet area in the central revolutionary base area was lost. The main force of the central Red Army was forced to carry out a strategic shift. On October 17, a radio wave was transmitted from Yudu to the hands of Lai Zuochang, secretary of the Fujian-Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee, and Song Qingquan, commander of the provincial military region.This is the latest instruction issued by the Central Committee and the Military Commission to the Fujian-Jiangxi Provincial Committee, saying: Under the new strategy... the Fujian-Jiangxi Party and the military region should independently persist in leading the struggle. Its current general task is to organize and arm the broad masses of workers and peasants, Widespread guerrilla warfare.Not only should independent battalions be established in each county, independent regiments should be established, and basic guerrilla units should be established in each district. . . . the masses should also be recruited to participate in guerrilla warfare and successfully defend the Fujian-Jiangxi Soviet area.

Obviously, the Central Committee and the Military Commission at that time were aware of the severe situation in the Fujian-Jiangsu Soviet area and instructed them to enter a state of guerrilla warfare in a relatively timely manner. After receiving the instructions from the Central Committee and the Military Commission, Lai Changzuo and Song Qingquan immediately reorganized the armed forces of the military region, and organized the independent regiments and battalions in Jianning, Taining, Quanshang, Ninghua, Pengpai, Qingliu and other counties, and the independent regiments and battalions in Central Fujian. Regiments, Quanshang, Naturalized Army Sub-districts and troops directly under the Provincial Military Region were organized into the 12th, 16th, 17th, and 18th regiments of Fujian and Jiangxi, and the counties established basic guerrilla units.At the same time, it is determined that the 17th and 18th regiments will block the enemy's 52nd division on the front lines of Guihua, Qingliu, and Ninghua; Troops attack the enemy's flanks and harass the enemy's rear.

However, Song Qingquan, commander of the military region, Peng Ku, director of the Political Department, and Xu Jianghan, chief of staff, who hold military power, did not seriously implement the instructions of the Central Committee and the Military Commission on October 17. Song Qingquan, a native of Ruijin, Jiangxi Province, was a shop assistant. He joined the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army in 1929 and joined the Communist Party of China in October 1933.He used to be Xiang Ying's (or Peng Hu's) bodyguard. In August 1934, he was transferred to the commander of the Fujian-Jiangxi Military Region, and he was only in his 20s at that time.He didn't have any practical work experience and didn't know much about military affairs, but he was eloquent and eloquent, so he still had some prestige in the army.

Peng Hu was born in Yizhang, Hunan. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1926, participated in the Shonan riots in April 1928, and went to Jinggangshan with Zhu De's troops. In the autumn of 1933, he was transferred to the director of the Political Department of the Fujian-Jiangxi Military Region, a member of the Fujian-Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee, and a member of the Political Security Bureau.This person is good at doing mass work, has a certain ability to work, and his influence in the army cannot be underestimated. Xu Jianghan, a native of Xiangyang, Hubei. In 1927, he served in the 26th Route Army of the Kuomintang. In December 1931, he participated in the Ningdu Uprising and joined the Red Army of Workers and Peasants. In 1933, he joined the Communist Party of China, and later went to the fifth military class of the Red Army School to study. In August 1934, he was transferred to the chief of staff of the Fujian-Jiangxi Military Region.This person is very arrogant, treacherous, and has a serious warlord style. He can't understand the provincial leaders who were born as farmers and workers and lacked combat experience at that time, and he also looks down on the workers and peasants.

These three people firmly control the power of the military region.They ignored the correct leadership of the central and provincial party committees, and continued to pursue the "left" military line. Facing fierce attacks from powerful enemies, they still ordered the troops to "prepare sufficient food and stick to the city", and fought tough battles with superior enemy forces to fight consumption.Therefore, the Fujian-Jiangsu Soviet area suffered heavy losses, and bad news continued to come in: On November 27, Qingliu County fell. On December 2, Ninghua County fell.The armed forces and agencies of Fujian and Jiangxi provinces have turned into difficult guerrilla struggles.

In mid-December, the enemy's 52nd Division captured Quangami. On December 27, the enemy's 52nd Division was encircled by Mizukane Izumi on Fengxi, and the armed forces of the Fujian-Jiangxi Military Region were severely reduced. In order to strengthen the leadership of the party in the Fujian-Jiangxi Soviet Area, in January 1935, the Central Sub-bureau decided that Zhong Xunren would go to Fujian-Jiangxi Province as the secretary of the provincial party committee and the political commissar of the military region to succeed Lai Changzuo. Zhong Xunren was born in Xingguo, Jiangxi. In the winter of 1927, he joined the Communist Party of China. In the spring of 1928, he organized a secret Red Guard in his hometown of Xingguo and served as the captain. In 1932, he served as Secretary of the Xingguo County Party Committee of the Communist Party of China and had quite a lot of achievements. In 1933, he successively served as Secretary of the CPC Gonglue Center County Committee and Yongfeng Center County Committee Secretary.In the winter of this year, he was transferred to the vice chairman of Fujian Province Su. In February 1934, he was elected as the executive member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Soviet Republic. In August, he was transferred to southern Jiangxi Province and served as secretary of the provincial party committee. In January 1935, he was ordered to serve as Secretary of the Fujian and Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and Political Commissar of the Military Region.

At the beginning of February 1935, under the escort of a battalion sent by Xiang Ying, Zhong Xunren came to Anyuan, where the Fujian-Jiangxi provincial government was stationed. As soon as Zhong Xunren took office, a debate broke out within the leadership of the Fujian-Jiangxi Soviet Area about the whereabouts of the troops. In March 1935, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces received the last telegram instructions from the Central Sub-bureau. The instructions said: Fujian and Jiangxi provinces should persist in the struggle independently, even for ten or fifteen years. The Southern Fujian Special Committee cooperates.

Based on this, Song Qingquan, Peng Hu, and Xu Jianghan, who hold real power in the army, think that they should develop in central and southern Fujian. Fang Zhichun, a member of the Provincial Party Committee and Secretary of the Pengpai County Party Committee at the time, suggested that we should move closer to northern or western Fujian.He analyzed that northern Fujian and western Fujian were the old base areas, where Huang Dao, Deng Zihui and other comrades persisted in their struggles, coupled with a good mass base and favorable terrain, it was convenient to continue guerrilla warfare and preserve strength.However, the enemy in southern Fujian is stronger and lacks a basis for struggle, so it is very difficult to "open up a new area".

Song Qingquan, Peng Hu, and Xu Jianghan rejected Fang Zhichun's correct opinion and led the troops to advance in the direction of central and southern Fujian, and the troops flowed in Shunchang, Youxi, Dehua, Yongtai and other places. In such a debate, what role did the newly appointed Provincial Party Secretary Zhong Xunren play? According to Fang Zhichun's recollection, Zhong Xunren was "vacillating between the two" at that time.Why did Zhong Xunren do this? In fact, the leadership of the Fujian-Jiangxi Soviet Area was not in the hands of Zhong Xunren at that time. Although Zhong Xunren had revolutionized for many years and had certain struggle experience, he was a "good man", but he was "very loyal, incompetent, unable to grasp power, unable to unify".Moreover, Zhong Xunren is new here, so he is not familiar with the situation.What's more, the disunity and factionalism among the leaders of the Fujian-Jiangxi Soviet Area have a long history and deep roots. Yang Daoming, who was the chairman of the provincial Soviet Union at the time, recalled that there were two factions in Fujian and Jiangxi Province at that time. The leadership of the party committee does not take the provincial party committee seriously.The Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Soviet Union cannot command the army.The leaders of the provincial military region even did some things that the Communists should not do and violated organizational discipline, and the provincial party committee and the provincial Soviet Union had nothing to do with them. Obviously, in this abnormal situation where "guns command the party", it is difficult for Zhong Xunren to play a role in controlling the situation. He can only acquiesce to the opinions of Song, Xu, Peng, etc., even if he does not agree. Besides, Song, Xu, and Peng commanded the troops to move towards southern Fujian. They were chased and intercepted by the enemy along the way, and suffered heavy losses. In March, the officials and troops of the Fujian and Jiangxi provinces set out from Jiangle to move to Shunchang and Nanfeng. They were surrounded by the enemy and forced to return to Jiangle and transferred to Shaxi and Zikoufang where they were naturalized. In April, the troops fought against the enemy in Shaxi, and the troops were dispersed. The 17th and 18th regiments lost contact with the provincial leadership, leaving only more than 600 troops in the military region.The military region reorganized its armed forces again, and established the first regiment of the new Fujian-Jiangxi regiment, with three battalions under its jurisdiction.After that, the troops continued to move in the direction of southern Fujian. In early May, the new First Regiment of the Fujian-Jiangxi Military Region entered the Daiyun Mountains at the junction of Dehua and Yongtai, and then entered Zishan from Shuikou of Dehua via Yongtai. Zishan is a large mountain at the junction of Dehua, Yongtai and Xianyou counties.The altitude is more than 1,000 meters, the mountains are undulating, and the forest is dense.Ordinarily, this place is also an excellent guerrilla site. If the rest of the Fujian-Jiangxi Military Region can work together and unite, it may not be impossible to reopen the situation here and make some achievements. However, even greater misfortune befell Su and his subordinates in Fujian and Jiangxi provinces, and a conspiracy was brewing. Not long after the first regiment of the newly formed Fujian-Jiangxi Military Region went up the mountain, the White Army and militia regiments from Xianyou, Dehua, and Yongtai surrounded Zishan. At this time, Song Qingquan, Commander of the Fujian-Jiangxi Military Region, Peng Hu, Director of the Political Department, and Xu Jianghan, Chief of Staff, could no longer endure the torment of this guerrilla life of surviving in the enemy's cracks. They were pessimistic about the future and had no confidence. When the enemy tried to lure them into surrender with great fanfare, they turned their attention to the shortcut of survival - pulling the team out and surrendering. Here, only a part of Peng Hu’s surrendered anti-Communist article “Going Astray and Returning with Repentance” written during the “probation” period of the Kuomintang’s Fuzhou Introspection Institute after his rebellion and surrender, describes the conspiracy of the three in more detail. The process of rebellion: In the early days, the three of us (note: referring to Peng, Song, and Xu) had never had a formal meeting... It was also a coincidence; Gai Jun had a kind of heartfelt song, knew each other, and coincided with each other; but From Song to Song, I went back and forth between me and Xu, because he and Xu belonged to the same place in the headquarters; until the beginning of May, on the second day of the army, at night, because Song went to the Puppet Second Battalion and the battalion commander and political commissar (according to: Battalion Commander Wu Renjin and Political Commissar Wang Weisheng (both defected during this incident) had a conversation with each other. They spoke carelessly and reported to the Puppet Security Bureau for the detectives of the Puppet Security Bureau to eavesdrop. Because of the relationship with Song from the same hometown, after eavesdropping on the detective's report, we knew that Song was in danger, so we flew to Song to inform Song, so the three of us waited for a formal secret discussion. First Battalion.It took about five days from the date of the incident to the complete dragging out.Connected with the Fourth Administrative Inspectorate of Zaixian Guerrilla, the whole regiment has more than 500 soldiers, all of whom belong to the central government. ... These confessions of the traitor Peng Hu are generally credible.However, the number of people who were led to surrender to the enemy was not only more than 500, but more than 630.Moreover, the officers and soldiers of the whole regiment who were brought to surrender were not received by the Kuomintang Fourth District Administrative Inspectorate.The actual situation is that when Meng Ping, the administrative inspector of the fourth district of the Kuomintang, contacted him to surrender, "the commissioner was hypocritical, and on the other hand, he was deeply concerned about the large number of people and guns. The department's strength is limited, and it is not easy to solve it. The 50th Regiment of the Fifth Brigade searched and suppressed... Zhixian, so they surrounded and disarmed all of them on May 11, 24th year (1935)..." That is to say, on May 11, Song, Xu, Peng, etc. The more than 600 people who were brought to Xianyou by the traitors and surrendered were captured by the Ninth Division of the Kuomintang. After the "Purple Mountain Incident" broke out, large groups of troops were dragged down the mountain by Song, Xu, and Peng to defect to the enemy, and the activities of the revolutionary forces in Fujian and Jiangxi provinces came to an end. !Zishan is crying, and the people of Fujian and Jiangxi are crying! When the traitors led their troops to surrender to the enemy, Zhong Xunren, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, Yang Daoming, Chairman of the Provincial Soviet Union, and some members of the Provincial Party Committee Working Group did not go down to join the enemy.Seven people including Yang Daoming broke out, and five of them returned to their original places. Yang Daoming and Huang Jiafa (from Xingguo, general cadres of the provincial party committee) were exiled in Yongtai Mountain, and later became monks at Anting Temple in Yongtai County. After 1984, Yang Daoming also served as a member and member of the Standing Committee of the Yongtai County Political Consultative Conference, the chairman of the Yongtai County Buddhist Association, a member of the Fujian Provincial Political Consultative Conference, and the vice chairman of the Fujian Provincial Buddhist Association. The whereabouts of Zhong Xunren, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, is unknown, and his whereabouts are still unclear. According to the "Dictionary of Central Revolutionary Bases" published by Archives Publishing House in 1993: "In May of the same year (referring to 1935), after breaking through the border of Yongtai, Fujian, because the troops were dispersed, he became a monk in Anting Temple in Yongtai County. Wang Jiafa, named Miaoyuan, died of illness in Anting Temple on April 29, 1981." This statement seems to be wrong.According to Yang Daoming's recollection: "When the provincial military region led their troops to surrender to the enemy, Zhong disappeared. ... I think the possibility of being killed is high. ... Whether Zhong Xunren was killed, it is best to spend some time conducting some mass investigations in Zishan Yes, the problem should be cleared up..." It can be seen that Yang Daoming, who was a monk in the Anting Temple, did not think that Zhong was also in the Anting Temple, but believed that his "whereabouts are unknown" and "the possibility of being killed is high."And the monk Miaoyuan, whose alias is Wang Jiafa, should be his fellow Xingguo, Huang Jiafa who lived with him in Yongtai Mountain. According to the book "Heroes of Jiangxi" published by Jiangxi People's Publishing House in 1989: Peng Hu, in the name of arranging sentry posts, forced Comrade Zhong Xunren, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, to inspect the terrain. Before, after Peng left, this heinous traitor... shot a sinful bullet at him, and Zhong Xunren died unfortunately. This may be a relatively specific article describing Zhong Xunren's sacrifice at present, but the source of its historical materials is unknown.However, in the traitor Peng Hu's "Confession", there is no mention of the situation of trapping and killing Zhong, so it is quite suspicious. There are other historical materials, either vague or unknown, and Zhong Xunren's whereabouts have not been revealed after all. Finally, the whereabouts of several traitors must be explained: Song Qingquan, after defecting, was sent to the Fujian Provincial Institute of Introspection by the Kuomintang authorities for "probation" and imprisoned for three years. Released in May 1937.After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he joined the Second Detachment of the New Fourth Army. In the spring of 1939, he was executed after the crime of treason was found out. Xu Jianghan, after defecting, was imprisoned by the Kuomintang authorities in the Fujian Introspection Institute for "probation" for three years, and was released in August 1937. He went to Yan'an in 1938 and rejoined the Communist Party of China in December.Later, he successively served as the teacher of the Anti-Japanese University, the captain of the brigade, the director of the infantry department, and the representative of the army at the Jilin Station of the Northeast Railway.After liberation, he worked successively in Tianjin and Beijing Railway Sub-bureaus as the head of the train department and the deputy director of the train department. After finding out the history of defection and surrender to the enemy, he was assigned to work in the Tianjin train department. After defecting, Peng Hu was sent to the Fujian Provincial Introspection Institute by the KMT authorities for three years of "probation". He was released in May 1937 and joined the KMT in 1941.After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he worked in the Civil Affairs Department of Hunan Province. After finding out the traitor's history, he was executed in March 1953.