Chapter 44 2. The political commissar and commander of the Fujian Military Region both sacrificed their lives

One day in October 1934, on the mountain road leading to Tingzhou City from Sidu Town, Changting, Fujian Province, two young Red Army officers who were busy with travel and dust walked one after the other.The person walking in front was about 30 years old, tall and strong, and walked like the wind. He was Li Ping, director of the Political Department of the Fujian Military Region and Minister of Youth, followed by a young man in his twenties and thirties, who looked Still with a childish face, his name is Chen Maohui, he has participated in the revolution for several years, and he was the political commissar of the 17th Independent Battalion at that time.They were heading to Tingzhou City, sixty or seventy miles away, to perform an urgent task assigned by their superiors.

The day before, Wan Yongcheng, a political commissar of the Fujian Military Region, called Li Ping, Director of the Political Department of the Military Region and Minister of Youth, and instructed him: "Comrade Li Ping, the main force of the Red Army has undergone a major strategic shift, and the enemy has concentrated seven or eight regular troops. Division, more than 100,000 troops came to 'encircle and suppress' us. Now the encirclement has become smaller and smaller, and Tingzhou City is in danger of being breached at any time. Therefore, the organization decided to arrange for you and Comrade Chen Maohui to go to Tingzhou City to mobilize the masses. Carry out fortification and clearance. First, all landlords, rich peasants, and counter-revolutionaries must be arrested, and the weeds and roots should be wiped out so that no seeds of disaster are left. Second, bridges everywhere must be destroyed, stone arch bridges must be demolished, and wooden bridges must be burned to prevent the enemy from entering the city. ;Thirdly, all the wells in the city must be poured with excrement to make it dirty and prevent the enemy from drinking a sip of water."

After listening to the instructions, Li Ping muttered in her heart. It is reasonable to kill the reactionary wealthy people. The destruction of bridges and polluted wells is a major event related to the daily life of thousands of households in Tingzhou City. This can be done. ? Political commissar Wan Yongcheng seemed to see his thoughts, and added emphatically: "You must implement this instruction to the letter and 100%!" Wan Yongcheng, the political commissar of the Fujian Military Region, is also an old revolutionary.He is from Jiangxi and was originally a worker in a Shanghai spinning mill. In 1927, he participated in three workers' armed uprisings in Shanghai and joined the Communist Party of China during the struggle.In the same year, he was dispatched by the organization to study in the special Chinese military and political class of the Oriental University in Moscow, the Soviet Union, and then transferred to the Moscow Infantry School as the branch secretary of the Chinese company. He returned to China in 1930, and was transferred from Shanghai to the Northeast Jiangxi Soviet Area in April 1931. He successively served as Secretary of the Northeast Jiangxi Provincial Committee and Secretary of the Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi Provincial Committees. In the spring of 1933, he was transferred to the Political Commissar of the Fujian Military Region.At this moment, he not only succeeded the post of political commissar of the Fujian Military Region, but also acted as secretary of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee (this was due to the strategic shift of the main force of the Red Army. Lead the party, government and military work in Fujian.Therefore, he had the final say on all major events in Fujian Province at that time.

However, why did Wan Yongcheng, an old revolutionary with power in his hands, come up with such a bad idea at this time, regardless of the life and death of the masses? This has to start with the political environment at the time. In the late autumn of 1934, due to the wrong guidance of Wang Ming's "left" leaning line, the Central Soviet Area's fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression" failed. The 25,000-mile Long March. In order to continue the struggle in the Central Soviet Area, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China instructed the establishment of a branch of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Xiang Ying as the secretary and a central government office with Chen Yi as the director to lead the guerrilla warfare in the southern provinces.

After the transfer of the main Red Army, Xiang Ying and the Central Sub-bureau were constrained by the task of "defending the Central Soviet Area" entrusted by the temporary Central Committee that implemented Wang Ming's "Left" line. The main force returned to the division to counterattack, but did not guide and implement the strategic transformation from regular warfare to guerrilla warfare, and from the Soviet area to the guerrilla area in a timely manner. war. Due to the influence of Wang Ming's "Left" leaning line and the inappropriate policy of the Central Branch Bureau headed by Xiang Ying, coupled with Wan Yongcheng's own mistakes in judging the current situation, Wan Yongcheng still resolutely implemented "defend the Central Soviet Area and wait for the main force to turn around." Therefore, when Tingzhou was about to fall into the enemy's hands, the Provincial Party Committee's military region was transferred to Sidu Town, Changting, and about 4,000 people from the 19th and 20th regiments of the military region were concentrated in the small Sidu mountain area. In the circle, the troops were ordered to lie in ambush on the top of the hill every day, waiting for the enemy to attack, in an attempt to fight a war of annihilation to change the situation of the battle.At the same time, for Tingzhou City, which is about to fall, three measures of "strengthening the wall and clearing the wilderness" were implemented regardless of the lives of the workers and peasants in Tingzhou.

The implementation of such unreasonable, impractical, and contrary to the interests of the masses, of course, was firmly resisted by the workers and peasants of Tingzhou.At that time, Zhang Dingcheng, who had just returned from the Central Sub-bureau, was very worried and indignant after hearing the reports from Li Ping and Chen Maohui. He said, "If we do what Comrade Wan Yongcheng said, the hearts of the people in the Soviet area will be lost from our hands. When the enemy comes to fight, I will not fight myself!" Zhang Dingcheng, this name is well known to all women and children among the workers and peasants in Fujian Province and the officers and soldiers of the Red Army, and everyone admires it.

He is from Yongding, Fujian. In May 1927, he participated in the peasants' armed riot in Dapu, Guangdong.Joined the Communist Party in the same year. In June 1928, he led the peasants' armed riot in Yongding County and became the leader of the revolutionary masses in western Fujian. In July 1929, he served as a member of the Special Committee of the CPC Fujian West, secretary of the Military Commission, and party representative of the Fourth Column of the Fourth Red Army. In February 1930, he was elected as a member of the Common Front Committee of the Red Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Armies of the Communist Party of China. In September, he served as the chairman of the Soviet Government in Western Fujian. In November 1931, he was elected as the executive member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Soviet Republic and Minister of Land. In 1932, he was elected the first chairman of the Fujian Provincial Soviet Government. After the transfer of the main Red Army in October 1934, he served as a member of the Central Branch of the Communist Party of China in the Soviet Area.

In November 1934, Changting and Ruijin fell one after another. In December, the Central Sub-bureau instructed Zhang Dingcheng to return to the Fujian Provincial Party Committee to assign work.In fact, Zhang Dingcheng already had this intention in his heart.Before the transfer of the main Red Army, Mao Zedong found Zhang Dingcheng and said to him: "You should go back to the west of Fujian. You are more familiar with the situation there, you can persist and develop." Ruijin broke through and rushed back to the west of Fujian, and came to Sidu Town, Changting, where the Fujian Provincial Party Committee and the military region are located.

As soon as he arrived in Sidu, Zhang Dingcheng immediately found Wan Yongcheng, secretary of the provincial party committee and political commissar of the military region, and reported to him the instructions of Comrade Mao Zedong and the Central Bureau of the Soviet Area asking him to return to western Fujian to persist in guerrilla warfare, and asked him to make great efforts in forming troops, weapons and equipment. To give support, it is best to call a hundred guns.Wan Yongcheng agreed with Zhang Dingcheng to develop guerrilla warfare in the border areas of Yongding, Shanghang and Longyan as a member of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee, but he told Zhang Dingcheng: "At present, the troops under the military region are in Sidu, and there are 19 and 22 main regiments. And a few guerrillas, but based on the need to defend the Central Soviet Area, we are going to fight against Jiang Dingwen in the four capitals to boost morale. Therefore, it is not appropriate to disperse our forces. But you can mobilize some refugees in Yongding Liuting who are willing to follow Then go to the Red Army Armory to find some repaired guns and homemade grenades."

In this way, Zhang Dingcheng had no choice but to bring Fan Lechun, Liu Yongsheng, Jian Zaiwen, Chen Maohui and other old subordinates, a total of more than a dozen people mobilized from the refugees in Yongding Liuting, carrying eight incomplete weapons picked from the Red Army's repair shop. Incomplete rifles and dozens of grenades quietly returned to Yonghang Rock.Afterwards, they cooperated closely with the leaders of the Eighth Red Regiment, Qiu Jinsheng, Qiu Zhiyun, Wei Jinshui, etc., and established guerrilla bases in Hangzhou, Yan, and Yong. In March 1935, he joined forces with the Red Ninth Regiment and the Mingguang Independent Regiment led by Wu Sheng, Fang Fang, Xie Yucai, and Lai Rongchuan to form the Western Fujian Military and Political Committee.Soon, he joined up with a battalion of the 24th Independent Division of the Red Army brought by Chen Tanqiu, Deng Zihui, and Tan Zhenlin from Jiangxi. In April, the Western Fujian Military and Political Committee was reorganized into the Southwestern Fujian Military and Political Committee, and the unified deployment and leadership of the southwestern Fujian guerrilla warfare continued successfully until the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War.

Besides, Wan Yongcheng, secretary of the provincial party committee and political commissar of the military region, who led the 19th and 20th regiments of the Red Army, has been waiting in Sidu to prepare for a decisive battle with the enemy.Due to the influence of "Left" thinking and mistakes in judging the current situation, he did not change the way of struggle in time. As time went by, his life became more and more difficult. In December 1934, after basically controlling the Jiangxi Soviet Area, various units of the enemy's East Route Army returned from southern Jiangxi to western Fujian. On December 24, Chiang Kai-shek sent an order to cancel the battle order of the East Route Army and divide Fujian and Jiangxi into twelve appeasement zones.West Fujian, where the Fujian Provincial Party Committee and the military region are located, was designated as the Tenth Appeasement Area. Jiang Dingwen served as the director of the appeasement stationed in Fujian, and Wei Lihuang and Li Moan were the chief and deputy commanders. The Thirteenth Division began the first phase of "clearing and suppressing" the Red Army guerrillas in western Fujian. In March 1935, Song Xilian's 36th Division and the local security regiment compressed and encircled the Sidu area of ​​Changting, besieging the party and government organs of Fujian Province and the Red Army guerrilla forces in a narrow circle in the Sidu mountain area. At this time, Mao Zetan, the young commander of the Independent Division of the Red Army, led a small army of about 100 people to break out from the mountainous area in the south of Yudu, Jiangxi Province, and came to Sidu Town, Changting. Mao Zetan, nicknamed Runju, is Mao Zedong's younger brother. Joined the Communist Party of China in October 1923, participated in the Nanchang Uprising in 1927, and later went to Jinggangshan to serve as the party representative of the 31st Regiment of the Fourth Red Army. In January 1929, he served as the section chief of the Agricultural Movement Section of the former Committee of the Fourth Red Army of the Communist Party of China. In April, he served as the Secretary of the Ji'an Donggu District Committee of the Communist Party of China and a member of the Jiangxi Southwest Special Committee. At the beginning of 1930, he served as the director of the Political Department of the Sixth Red Army and acting political commissar. In June 1931, he served as Secretary of the Yong (Feng) Ji (An) Special Committee of the Communist Party of China and political commissar of the Fifth Independent Division of the Red Army. committee member. In the spring of 1933, together with Deng Xiaoping, Gu Bai, Xie Weijun, etc., he was accused of being the representative of the "Jiangxi Luo Ming Line". He was wrongly criticized by the "Left" leaders and was dismissed from his leadership positions. In the autumn of 1933, he was transferred to work in the Organization Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. In October 1934, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the main Red Army decided to implement a strategic shift.In this way, the Red Army cadres in the Soviet area were faced with a problem of going or staying.At that time, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China had formed the highest "three-person group" composed of Bo Gu, Zhou Enlai, and Li De, responsible for political and military affairs.Who will stay and who will not stay, and all senior cadres will be determined by the "three-person group".The middle-level cadres will submit the list by their departments and submit it to the "three-person group" for approval.At this time, because Mao Zetan was wrongly criticized by the "Left" leaders in the spring of 1933, he was revoked from his leadership positions in the local party and the Red Army, and transferred to the Organization Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to do agency work. "Decided to leave the question.His immediate boss, Li Weihan, director of the Central Organization Bureau, once asked Bogu specifically about this matter, whether to allow Mao Zetan to act with the army.Of course, Bo Gu didn't want to stay with the second person of the "Jiangxi Luo Ming Line" who specifically opposed him and ridiculed them as "Mr. Foreign Houses", so he didn't agree.In this way, Mao Zetan stayed in place and persisted in the struggle, and served as a member of the Soviet Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the commander of the Independent Division of the Red Army of the Central Military Region. After the transfer of the main Red Army, the Central Sub-bureau of the Soviet Area and the Central Military Region and their subordinate troops took on the task of stopping the enemy and supporting the main Red Army's successful march in western Hunan.At that time, it was necessary to change the way of struggle and the form of organization. However, due to the influence of "Left" ideology, the main leader Xiang Ying still adopted the method of fighting with large corps and engaged in passive defensive blocking warfare, which seriously depleted the strength of the Red Army in the Soviet area.Especially at the end of January 1935, the Battle of Niuling failed, the Red Twenty-Fourth Division, the Third Independent Regiment, and the Independent Eleventh Regiment suffered heavy losses, and the situation deteriorated extremely. The government agencies and troops were surrounded by 12 enemy divisions in the narrow strips of Xijiang, Kuantian, and Huanglong (now Huanglin) in the mountainous area in the south of Yubu County. In the face of bloody lessons, Xiang Ying and the Central Sub-bureau had to face up to the cruel reality, began to seriously consider changing the strategic policy, and telegraphed their ideas to the Party Central Committee and asked the Central Committee for instructions. In February and March 1935, after the Zunyi Conference corrected the "Left" error, the Party Central Committee instructed the branch bureau several times: "The branch bureau should be in the Central Soviet Area and its adjacent Soviet areas, and insist on guerrilla warfare... Immediately change your organizational methods and The method of struggle should be adapted to the environment of guerrilla warfare." "...we must mobilize the broad masses to use guerrilla warfare ideas to stubbornly oppose the enemy's fortressism and suppression policy." In this way, Xiang Ying and the Central Bureau finally decided to change course and implement a thorough campaign. Strategic change: The central branch and other government personnel and troops dispersed to break through, and moved to the Jiangxi-Guangdong border, western Fujian, Fujian-Jiangxi border, and southern Hunan, and joined forces with the local revolutionary armed forces to conduct guerrilla warfare.As a member of the Central Sub-bureau, Mao Zetan was sent to Fujian to serve as the secretary-general of the Fujian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and assist the Fujian Provincial Committee in its work. In this way, in March 1935, Mao Zetan led a detachment of more than 100 people, broke through from the mountainous area of ​​Yudu County, and moved to the four capitals of Changting. (He took over from Comrade Ye Jianying in the spring of 1934) led the organization and troops to join forces. As soon as Mao Zetan arrived in Sidu, he immediately conveyed the decision of the Central Sub-bureau to Wan Yongcheng and Long Tengyun, and suggested to Wan Yongcheng in view of the dangerous situation at that time: "Comrade Yongcheng, the situation is too dangerous now, and we can no longer Standing here, we should abandon the four capitals immediately before the enemy's troops are fully established, reorganize the troops, divide them into several small units, disperse operations, attack the enemy everywhere, disrupt the enemy's deployment, and immediately move the leadership center to Fujian. Go to the deep mountains and old forests on the edge of Guangdong and Jiangxi." "No, I can't let the base area be ruined in my hands. Besides, we still have 4,000 troops, and we can completely wipe out the incoming enemy and reverse the unfavorable situation." Putting everything in his eyes, Wan Yongcheng rejected Mao Zetan's suggestion on the spot. "Comrade Yongcheng!..." Mao Zetan felt anxious and angry, and was at a loss for words for a while. The opportunity slipped away like this.A few days later, Song Xilian's 36th Division and the local security team were ready to launch a fierce attack on Changting Sidu.Immediately, this picturesque Soviet town surrounded by mountains was engulfed in the flames of war and gunpowder! In the face of the enemy's crazy attack, Wan Yongcheng, Long Tengyun, Mao Zetan and others organized resistance with all their strength, but the result was conceivable: how can the superior enemy army who is "like a broken bamboo" and "smooth journey" be the thousands of troops under the Fujian Military Region? Human guns can be resisted by fighting hard! In the early morning of this day, the enemy launched a fierce attack again.Immediately, there were dense gunshots, explosions of grenades mixed with howls of the enemy... filling the hazy sky, the four capitals were once again surrounded by the smoke of war, and the pungent smell of gunpowder was everywhere.The officers and soldiers of the Red Army still stood firm on their positions without flinching.The soldiers have not had a good rest for a long time, their lips are burned dry, their ears are deafened, and their eyes are red from boiling.Casualties were also extremely heavy, and Mao Zetan continued to receive emergency reports from various blockade areas! Seeing this cruel situation, Mao Zetan was very clear-headed: This battle cannot be fought any longer! He immediately found Wan Yongcheng and Long Tengyun, the main leaders of the Provincial Party Committee Military Region, and said sincerely to Wan Yongcheng: "Comrade Yongcheng, you lead your comrades to break through quickly! I will cover behind!" At this time, Wan Yongcheng felt very regretful after witnessing the fighting situation in the past few days.He stared at the loyal, resolute, and selfless Mao Zetan in front of him, held his hands tightly, and burst into tears: "Comrade Zetan, please take care!" He led some Red Army soldiers to the east to break through with the commander You Tengyun . Under the cover of Mao Zetan and the others, Wan Yongcheng and Long Tengyun led some Red Army soldiers to break through to Wuping. They originally wanted to move closer to Yongding and join Zhang Dingcheng by the Yonghang Rock, but when they arrived at Xiangkeng, they were led by Zhong Shaokui, a bandit. The Sixth Security Regiment of Fujian Province chased and intercepted them. On April 10, Wan Yongcheng, Long Tengyun and their troops were heavily surrounded at Fenshuilong near Lakou in Changting.During the breakout process, the troops were dispersed, Wan Yongcheng and Long Tengyun died heroically, Wu Bixian, Chairman of the Provincial Soviet Union who broke out with the army, was captured and killed in Jiujiang in August. The four capitals broke through, and Mao Zetan stepped forward to cover Wan Yongcheng, Long Tengyun and the others, leading the provincial party committee and provincial Soviet organs to break through.When the cover task was completed, Mao Zetan immediately led his troops to break out westward to the Tianxin area for guerrilla warfare. In mid-April, after learning that the provincial party committee had been encircled and wiped out, and Wan Yongcheng and Long Tengyun had died, he immediately announced his successor as secretary of the Fujian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and commander of the Fujian-Guangdong Military Region. , Waiting for a favorable opportunity to join forces led by the Central Sub-bureau. On April 25, 1935, the cold wind was blowing and the drizzle was drizzling.Mao Zetan led his troops to the Huangshanhonglin Mountain in Ruijin, and spent the night in a hut on the top of the mountain that night.The soldiers were very tired from traveling through the mountains and mountains for several days, and fell asleep as soon as they lay down. At this time, Mao Zetan didn't feel sleepy at all. After he settled the guard, he sat aside, silently thinking about the next action plan. In the early morning of the 26th, Mao Zetan sent soldier Xiao He down the mountain to scout the enemy's situation. He didn't want to be caught by a platoon leader of the 24th Division of Mao Bingwen of the Kuomintang who was passing by. He defected to the enemy and confessed the situation of Mao Zetan and his troops.The enemy immediately sent troops to surround the hut. The guard soldiers found something wrong and reported to Mao Zetan quickly. Mao Zetan immediately commanded the breakout, and led the enemy to him, allowing the team members to break through safely.Unexpectedly, just as he was shooting at the enemy in front, a Kuomintang soldier walked around to the back and shot him, and the bullet hit his chest.The 30-year-old outstanding Red Army commander suddenly fell into a pool of blood. When the enemy found out that this "senior officer of the Red Army" was Mao Zetan, Mao Zedong's younger brother, he was ecstatic, and immediately transported his body back to Ruijin, asking for credit and reward from his superiors. So far, the Fujian Provincial Committee of the Soviet Area and the Soviet and Fujian Military Regions have finally been completely "eliminated" by the Kuomintang army.