Chapter 16 3. After 18 days and more than 10 times of fighting, Zhu De and Peng Dehuai felt sorry for 5,500 passionate men

After arriving in Guangchang, Li De and Bogu did not seriously sum up the experience and lessons of previous failures, but repeatedly blamed their subordinates and engaged in "punishmentism".The first senior commander of the Red Army dismissed by Li De was Tang Tianji.At that time, he served as the commander of the 14th Division of the Ninth Red Army and the director of the Political Department of the Guangchang Garrison District. He was the first senior commander to stick to Guangchang. Tang Tianji, a native of Anren County, Hunan Province, joined the Socialist Youth League in 1925, entered the Whampoa Military Academy in the same year, and became a member of the Communist Party of China in 1926.Participated in the Northern Expedition, the Nanchang Uprising and the Shonan Uprising. In March 1928, he went to Jinggangshan with Zhu De.He once served as the party representative of the 28th regiment of the Fourth Red Army, the head of the 50th Red Army, the commander of the 44th Division of the 22nd Army of the Red First Army, and the political commissar of the 40th Division of the Eleventh Army of the Fifth Red Army. He was awarded the rank of lieutenant general and served as the deputy director of the General Logistics Department of the People's Liberation Army.

Since the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" war, Tang Tianji held objections to fortress tactics and short assaults. Luo Ronghuan, as the inspector of the General Political Department, also came to the front line of Guangchang with the Field Command.Tang and Luo are old acquaintances, and they both came down from Jinggangshan with Zhu and Mao.Old comrades-in-arms reunited and talked with each other all night long.When talking about the decisive battle in Guangchang, both of them disapproved of Li De's tactics. When Li Delai inspected the defensive position of the 14th Division, Tang Tianji was directing the troops to repair fortifications.Seeing that a bunker had been built alone on the mountain to the north of Guangchang to be passively attacked, Tang felt that it was inappropriate, so he ordered a fortification to be built by the South River of Guangchang, in order to cover the retreat of the troops across the river if they could no longer withstand the enemy.

This fortification actually caused a catastrophe. In the evening, Li De returned from his inspection and held a meeting at the headquarters of the 14th Division.He patted the table and asked, "Who ordered the fortification to be done by the river?" Tang Tianji didn't know what was going on, so he stood up and replied, "It's me." "Who are you?" Li De was furious.The accompanying staff officer told Li De, "He is the director of the Political Department of the Guangchang Garrison District, and his name is Tang Tianji." Li De didn't care about Tang Tianji's face: "Did I say that I would build this fortification? Who told you to do this? Isn't this going to retreat, to give up Guangchang and escape? They have left a way out, how can you swear to defend Guangchang?" Chang?"

Bogu also participated in this meeting.But he didn't respond to the arrogant and unreasonable Li De. Li De said to Bogu in English: "The director of the Political Department of the Guangchang Garrison District should be dismissed." The next day, an order came, and Tang Tianji was "slapped". Luo Ronghuan didn't know about it.Seeing that Tang Tianji was not in a high mood, he thought he was not feeling well, so he asked with concern.Tang then talked about it.After hearing this, Luo Ronghuan said angrily: "It's too domineering!" Coincidentally, a few days later, Luo Ronghuan also encountered a similar misfortune.

On this day, Li De went to the front line to inspect, and Luo Ronghuan also accompanied him.On the battlefield, Li De scanned with a telescope, and when he turned around, he happened to see Luo Ronghuan.He didn't ask what Luo Ronghuan was doing, so he ordered Luo to lead a platoon of engineers to bury the mines. Luo Ronghuan carried out the order and came back to report after burying the mine.Unexpectedly, Li De changed his mind again and ordered Luo Ronghuan to lift the mine again. At this time, the enemy was very close to the place where the mine was buried.Luo Ronghuan really didn't understand why Li De gave this order to make the soldiers make unnecessary sacrifices.Therefore, ignore him.Li De was furious when he saw this, he jumped and pointed at Luo Ronghuan's nose and shouted: "If you don't go, kill your head!"

At this time, the enemy's avant-garde had stepped on several landmines, and the enemy's artillery shells had hit around the fortification where Li De was located.It is impossible to get rid of thunder, so this matter will not be resolved. As for the things Luo Ronghuan heard and witnessed, there are too many to enumerate: ranging from punishment and dismissal, to expulsion from the party, sending to a military court, and sending to a transportation team to punish hard labor. The staff around Li De also have opinions on his style of work, and are often angry with him.Wu Xiuquan once said: "Li De reprimands and punishes others at every turn, constantly loses his temper and scolds others, and does not listen to objections at all. Our staff who are in front of him are often angry with him. For his overbearing posture, override We are very disgusted with the posture of being above the Central Committee of our party, and really don’t want to work with him. Some comrades often get angry and ask for transfers many times. The organization always does our work, and we want us to stay at ease. In fact It is a trivial matter for us to be angry personally, but the damage he caused to our party, the Red Army and the Soviet area is a major matter."

Although Li De and Bo Gu went to the front line and even visited the front line many times, they could not stop the enemy's advance at all.The Bo and Li field headquarters located in the Three Palaces of Guangchang received one after another reports of the loss of the outer positions.By April 23, the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 9th Red Army Corps had successively withdrew from the Ganzhu, Daluo Mountain, Yanfuzhang, Raojiapu, Kuzhukeng, Changsheng Bridge and other defense areas on the east and west banks of Fuhe River. Geng Biao, head of the Fourth Regiment of the Second Division of the Red First Army Corps who stood firm on the Ganzhu defense line, recalled:

"At that time we were 'on guard' in Ganzhu. The enemy advanced a little more than half a mile and began to repair the tortoise shell. They were covered by artillery fire. After repairing it, Li De asked us to 'short assault' and the enemy to 'fight for every inch of land'. This distance For the heroic Red Army, it was nothing at all. However, the enemy has bunkers to rely on, and the firepower is fierce. Our troops are unable to shoot at each other due to lack of ammunition. When our assault troops rushed to the middle of the two sides, the enemy's cannons Focused fire was carried out. Since the enemy had already designed the battle level in advance, the artillery fire was very accurate. We were suppressed by the artillery fire again and again, and nothing was gained except for a batch of wounded and sacrificed some comrades."

"On April 16, under the cover of artillery fire, the enemy in front of our regiment rushed to the front of the position and surrounded my regiment command post. Go to the second-line 'fortress'. Because the enemy has escaped from the tortoise shell, we can still withstand it. During the battle, I suddenly felt my right leg go limp, and I almost knelt down, but I stopped immediately and just kept directing the troops to shoot. The enemy The first shock wave was repulsed, and the second echelon rushed up again. I was trying to take advantage of this short gap and let the troops retreat, but my right leg couldn't move. Looking down, I saw in the trousers, The shoes were full of plasma. At first, I thought it was some comrade who died by my side, so I called out to guard Yang Li: "Come and see, whose blood is this!" Just run. I said: 'Put it down! Put it down! What the hell are you doing?' Yang Li ran and said: 'Don't move! You're wounded!'"

The head of the main regiment of the elite army fought with injuries, and the cruelty of the battle can be imagined. Yang Botao, the former Kuomintang general, described the fierce battle for the outer positions of Guangchang in this way: Luo Zhuoying's offensive deployment was to use the 14th, 67th, and 98th divisions as the first line of attacking troops, and the 94th division The division and the eleventh division are the reserve team.The terrain here is a small hilly area with undulating hills, with paddy fields and cultivated land all over it, and there are no prominent highlands that can be used by both parties.Therefore, the factor of victory or defeat depends largely on the strength of firepower.

Jiang Jun's weapons are far more sophisticated than the Red Army's, with sufficient ammunition, and they form a barrage of fire against the Red Army with blazing firepower.The Red Army troops showed amazing heroism, rushing towards Jiang's army one after another.Part of the position of the 14th Division of the Kuomintang, known for its stability, was washed away.The Red Army pursued and pursued with artillery fire, approaching the combat command post of the division commander Huo Kuizhang, and stray bullets hit many people in the reserve team resting nearby.Huo Ji ordered the nearby reserve team to reinforce the counterattack, and went to the mortar position in person to urge the mortarmen to fire violently.Due to the excessive firing speed, the gunner panicked for a moment, causing a cannon to explode, killing more than ten people on the spot.Huo had just left the cannon position for dozens of steps at this time, but he was lucky to escape.The intensity of the battle can be seen here. The combatants of the Red Army were extremely heroic, but under the pressure of the blazing fire net, they were outnumbered and suffered extremely heavy casualties.On the front of the position less than 500 meters away, hundreds of corpses of the fallen Red Army were scattered vertically and horizontally, with severed heads and missing feet, which was too horrible to look at.Among them, those who were found wearing pistols and binoculars were those who were middle and upper-level commanders who personally participated in the charge and died.Due to the heavy casualties, the Red Army's impact force was weakened, and failed to take advantage of the momentum to expand the results of the battle, and went straight to defeat Jiang's army. Luo Zhuoying had time to mobilize the 94th Division of his reserve team to reinforce the 14th Division, and the formation of soldiers and firepower had an absolute advantage. The Red Army was forced to retreat and turned to the defensive, and the two armies became a confrontation.At night, all the Red Army withdrew. Due to the desperate efforts of the soldiers outside Guangchang, the Red Army suffered heavy casualties.The senior commander of the Red Army was very dissatisfied with Li De's blind command and thought that the fight could not continue like this. Nie Rongzhen, political commissar of the First Red Army Corps, recalled: "Some of the battles fought by the First Army Corps when defending Guangchang, such as the Battle of Ganzhu, etc., cost a lot of casualties. From Ganzhu to Guangchang, it is only twenty miles away, the closer the enemy is to the hinterland of the base, The more cautious we are, the more we advance half a mile to one mile a day, and we build roads and blockhouses every step of the way. Under the wrong slogans of "defend Guangchang" and "fight for every inch of land", we fought the so-called "defense" for 18 days. "Prepare for war". That is to say, we defend our positions under the repeated bombardment of enemy planes and cannons. If we conduct a "short assault", we wait until the enemy has just come out of the fortifications and advances tens or hundreds of meters from our fortifications. Pounce on the enemy like a tiger. But when the enemy retreats into the bunker, we have to fight under the fire net of the enemy's aircraft and artillery." Huang Kecheng, the political commissar of the Fourth Division of the Third Red Army Corps, recalled that he was full of anger: at the beginning, the enemy launched an attack, and our army fought back and repelled the enemy.But one or two kilometers behind the enemy is a group of fortresses. If the enemy penetrates into the fortress, we have nothing to do.In this way, the enemy came out of the fortress in turn and bombarded our positions with artillery fire, and the enemy's planes also dropped bombs and strafed in the air.Both the enemy and us fought repeatedly, and the guns were rumbling all day long, and the gunfire continued.As a result of the fortress confrontation with the enemy, although some enemies were killed and wounded, the Red Army could not fight against the enemy's overwhelming superiority in numbers and equipment.The casualties of our army are increasing day by day, and the battle is getting more and more difficult.I once said something like "short assault, the Red Army will die", and I repeatedly asked Comrade Peng Dehuai to speak. On April 24, Peng Dehuai couldn't hold back anymore. He went to the field headquarters in person and suggested to Li De not to stick to Guangchang. Peng Dehuai said: "Guangchang has no strong city to defend, and our army has very few ammunition. The fortifications built only by civil engineering cannot withstand the bombardment of enemy planes and heavy artillery." Peng Dehuai repeatedly said to Li De: "Guangchang cannot be defended firmly. If Guangchang is defended, it will take two days at least, or three days at most. The 12,000 members of the Red Army will be completely destroyed, and Guangchang will also fall." Li De and Bogu looked at each other.It has been three or four days since they arrived at the front line in Guangchang, and they know much more about the battle situation on the front line than they did in Ruijin through the radio.They understood that what Peng Dehuai said was completely true, but they just put down their flags and called for money to withdraw their troops, and they were unwilling to explain it to their subordinates and the people of the Soviet area. Peng Dehuai saw that Li De and Bogu were silent, and suggested: "I should adopt a mobile defense, send some troops to occupy the fortifications, and attract the enemy's attack. The main force is controlled in the mountainous area ten miles southwest of the city, and it is hidden and assembled until the enemy attacks our defensive position. , then the camera assaults a point outside the enemy, seeking to destroy part of the enemy.” Since the fifth campaign against "encirclement and suppression", Peng Dehuai made suggestions again and again, either being ignored or reprimanded, but this suggestion was finally accepted by Li Dehuai. The extremely unfavorable and severe situation of the Guangchang Battle also aroused Zhou Enlai's heightened vigilance.Zhou Enlai did not go to the front with the field command and was left behind in Ruijin.The one after another defeat messages on the Guangchang front made Zhou Enlai have a foreboding of the serious consequences of the bloody battle in Guangchang. He believed that this desperate positional warfare could no longer be fought. On April 22, Zhou Enlai called Bogu, Zhu De, and Li De on the front line, and put forward two suggestions: 1. The main force of the 13th Division should be transferred to strengthen the defense of Guangchang in the most urgent situation; 2. The first and third armies should be able to attack together enemy. The Red Army Field Command judged that the enemy will attack Guangchang from both sides of the Xujiang River on the morning of April 27.A total of four divisions of the enemy's fifth column will attack from the Changsheng Bridge and Libao areas on the west bank, and their main assault direction may be the Daxiong area; Area attack; a brigade of the enemy's sixth division maintained contact with two columns in the Changshengqiao area; the enemy's 94th division served as a reserve in the Ganzhu area.The enemy used equal forces to attack Guangchang along both sides of the Xujiang River, and was prepared that once the troops on one bank came into contact with the main force of the Red Army, the troops on the other bank would take the opportunity to advance quickly. Based on the above judgments, Commander-in-Chief Zhu De issued the Guangchang Operation Order at 11:00 on April 26, and organized all the main forces of the Red Army into three groups: 1. Eastern Bloc.It is composed of the Ninth Red Army Corps and the Thirteenth Red Army Division, commanded by Luo Binghui and Cai Shufan, the heads of the Ninth Red Army Corps.Its mission is to pin down the enemy on the east coast. 2. The Western Group.It is composed of the First Red Army, the Third Army Corps and the Second Red Army Division, and is directly commanded by the commander-in-chief. Its mission is to destroy the invading enemy in the west and northwest of Guangchang on the West Bank. 3. The Guangchang fulcrum area defense team is composed of the Red 14th Division and other departments, and its task is to stick to the Guangchang fortification area. The order also made specific arrangements for the combat operations of each group. The day before, the head of the 14th Red Division issued the "Order to Defend Guangchang".The order was completely in accordance with Li De's request to deploy two regiments at the two important fulcrums of Guangchang, and required that "the commanders and fighters of each fulcrum must be equipped with politically firm, technically skilled, and combat-experienced regiment-level leaders", " Finish entering the position before twelve o'clock." On the morning of the 27th, the enemy forces on both sides of the Xujiang River, with the cooperation of their air force and artillery, attacked Guangchang at the same time.The enemy's 11th Division launched a fierce attack on Palm-shaped Mountain, the 97th Division launched a fierce attack on Yaolanzhai and Xihua Mountain, the 14th Division launched a campaign against Lianhua Mountain, and the 67th Division launched a fierce attack on the Qingshuitang area. The palm-shaped positions of the Red Army Corps were the first to bear the brunt.The commanders and fighters of the Red Army braved the enemy's intensive artillery fire to fight bravely. At about 10 o'clock in the battle, they were exhausted and retreated from the battlefield. At 11 o'clock, the enemy concentrated fire to attack the Red Army's Xihuashan position.Peng Dehuai and Yang Shangkun came to command in person, and the battle was extremely fierce.At night, the two sides confronted each other in the Xihuashan area.The enemy's 67th Division, which invaded the Qingshuitang area, was intercepted by the Fourth Division of the Third Red Army and the Second Division of the First Red Army at noon, causing heavy casualties. At 14:00, the rear enemy sent air force and artillery to bombard the Red Army's position indiscriminately, and reinforced it with the 97th Division, and the Red Army was forced to retreat.Attacked the 14th Division of the enemy towards Lianhua Mountain. When it reached the southern end of Lianhua Mountain, it was fiercely resisted by the Red Army.At the same time, the position of the Ninth Red Army on the east bank of the Xujiang River was breached by the enemy. At 15:30, the enemy occupied Yao Paizhou and Outangxia in the northeast of Guangchang, echoing the enemy forces on the west bank.So far, Guangchang is surrounded by the enemy on three sides, east, north and west. Jiang's air force and long-range artillery also carried out deep strikes.The position of the Red Fourteenth Division was a piece of scorched earth, with broken walls and ruins, and there were many casualties.One battalion stood firm in the so-called "permanent fortifications", and under the bombardment of enemy planes and artillery fire, all of them died heroically, and no one survived.After the war, due to the heavy casualties of the 14th Division, it was difficult to continue, and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission had to withdraw this unit with a glorious history of war. In just one day of bloody battle, the Red Army paid such a price. The Red Army alone suffered more than 1,000 casualties. When the Red Army made a "short assault" on the enemy according to Li De's order, squads, rows and companies of soldiers fell heroically and tragically under the bombardment of aircraft and cannons. After liberation, he was awarded the rank of major general. Xiao Feng, who was the deputy commander of the armored forces of the Beijing Military Region, was the director of the political department of the field command directly under the army at that time.Recalling the scene at that time, he said: "At 8 o'clock in the morning, Tang Enbo commanded eight artillery brigades and 35 aircraft to bombard our army's positions at the same time. Fortifications and fortresses were blown up one by one, and Guangchang City was engulfed by artillery smoke. In the raging waves of blood and fire, the two companies of the 11th Regiment, which stood firm on the 356th highland in the north of the city, were destroyed by enemy shells due to fortifications, and almost all were buried; Buried in the fortifications; our army's hospitals and military depots were also destroyed by enemy artillery fire. Li De hurried to the Yezhi Radio Station in Toupi and ordered Peng Dehuai to command the troops and resolutely defend Guangchang, otherwise he would be dismissed and investigated. At this time, the other armies The chiefs called one after another, asking Li De for instructions on how to fight the war, whether to make a surprise attack, and where to make a surprise attack? Li De hesitated, unable to do anything. He walked around the radio station and said to himself: "This battle is bad." What should I do? Where should I go? What method can I use to defeat Chiang Kai-shek’s siege?’ I was very puzzled at the time. I had been in the Red Army for six or seven years, but I had never seen our Red Army fight such a defeat; The Red Army will be so stupid that it will concentrate its main force to fall into the enemy's snare." It was the 14th Division of the 18th Army of Chen Cheng's direct line that attacked the palm-shaped position of the Red Army.Huang Wei was the commander of the division. Although he made many slanderous and boastful remarks in the battle report "The Battle of the Palm-shaped Mountain and Xinrenping near Guangchang" to his superiors, it also objectively reflected the heroic tenacity of the opponent, which is excerpted below: At dawn on April 27, the Jin Regiment of the 11th Division divided into three groups to attack the palm shape.The bandits fought tenaciously for about two hours. Our three armies charged at the fort at the highest point of the bandits' position more than ten times at the same time. Many bandits were injured and killed.Our officers and soldiers fought bravely and fought fiercely for another two hours, quickly breaking through more than ten bandit forts and occupying the southernmost position of the mountain.The bandits gathered heavy troops to attack me fiercely, and I used machine gun fire to suppress them. The bandits began to break down and fled towards the South Mountain. At 9:30 in the morning, the palm-shaped area was completely occupied by me. The defense of Guangchang lasted eighteen days, and the Red Army suffered 5,500 casualties, accounting for one-fifth of the total troops participating in the war.Peng Dehuai's three armies suffered the heaviest losses, with 2,005 casualties, accounting for a quarter of the total number of armies. Zhu De saw the wounded being carried down continuously at the Guangchang Red Army Field Hospital, and said sadly: "The Red Army has never fought such a battle, the casualties are too great!" The dream of "permanent fortifications" was shattered by shells, and Red Guangchang was also in danger.Bogu and Li De had to accept Peng Dehuai's suggestion and give up Guangchang. In the middle of the night on April 27, the Field Command ordered: withdraw from Guangchang City. At 10 a.m. the next day, Chen Cheng's troops marched into Guangchang. Ironically, Struggle, the organ of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, also appealed to the Communist Party members and workers and peasants in the Soviet area in an editorial on this day: "Defend Guangchang!" "Our slogan is 'Victory or Death'!" "No matter what you want to win, you have to smash the enemy!" After withdrawing from Guangchang, the Field Command held a meeting in Toupi on the evening of the 29th to summarize the Guangchang Campaign and discuss the next action plan. The main leaders of the various legions participating in the Guangchang Battle were notified to attend the meeting.Lin Biao, Chief of the First Red Army, Nie Rongzhen, Political Commissar, Zuo Quan, Chief of Staff, Li Zhuoran, Director of the Political Department; Peng Dehuai, Chief of the Third Red Army, Yang Shangkun, Political Commissar, Deng Ping, Chief of Staff, Yuan Guoping, Director of the Political Department; Committee member Zhu Rui; head of the Ninth Red Army Corps Luo Binghui, political commissar Cai Shufan, etc., rushed from their respective garrisons to Toupi, where the field headquarters is located. The field headquarters is located in an ancestral hall in Toupi Village.The heads of the Yesi—Zhu De, Bogu, Li De, Gu Zuolin, etc. all lived here. Bogu proposes a meeting.Since the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" war, especially the just-concluded Guangchang Campaign, Bogu has been depressed and depressed.The north gate of the Soviet area was knocked open, he asked Li De, what should we do in the future?How should we fight in the future?Defending Lichuan and Guangchang, but none of them were saved. "Keeping the enemy out of the country" has almost come to naught. Why not make Bogu anxious?Li De, the planner of the anti-"encirclement and suppression" war, was at a loss in the face of a series of failures and Bogu's problems.None of his tricks of "fort to fort," "position against field," and "short bursts" worked. Even so, neither Li De nor Bogu would admit that their military policies, strategic and tactical principles were wrong. Almost all the people who should come to the meeting have arrived.Bogu looked around and saw nearly twenty people, but Peng Dehuai, the head of the Third Army, was the only one missing.Seeing Bogu's inquiring gaze, Yang Shangkun got up and explained: "Comrade Peng Dehuai went to the Army Hospital to see the wounded. He hadn't returned when we came out, and he knew there was going to be a meeting." Bogu was very unwilling to listen to such emotionally disturbing words, so he immediately got back to business: "Let's have a meeting!" Not long after, Peng Dehuai came in with a gloomy expression.After he figured out the topic of the meeting, he complained to the people next to him: "This Li De, why don't you bring some planes, tanks and artillery from the Soviet Union to China to fight regular warfare?" Peng Dehuai's voice was not loud, but the surrounding Many of you have heard it. In the Red Army, no one dared to be rude to foreign advisers like this, and Peng Dehuai was the first. For such a brave, outspoken, resentful and extremely angry general, Bogu also felt a little helpless. He quickly said: "In the first battle of Guangchang, although we finally gave up, in the past few days, our three armies and the first and fifth , Ninth Army Corps, dealt heavy blows to the enemy, and eliminated many enemies; and the enemy also exposed many weaknesses. The crazier the enemy, the more hopeless the enemy is, and the donkey is at the end of its rope." Saying these words, Bogu just wanted to comfort the generals, especially Peng Dehuai.The shadow cast by Guangchang's defeat in his heart is really lingering and unforgettable.But as a political agitator he had to.In the end, he tried his best to conceal his bitterness and continued: "Right now, although we are temporarily retreating, what the enemy has got is an empty city. Our future is bright! The future of the Soviet area is bright! Let’s sum it up, take a rest and make up for a new and more brutal battle…” As soon as Bogu’s words fell, the commanders of the legions began to discuss one after another.Obviously, people are very dissatisfied with Bo Gu's summary. "In the Battle of Guangchang, our army suffered 5,500 casualties, and the enemy suffered 2,600 casualties. How can we say that we dealt a heavy blow to the enemy?" "Let's make a breakthrough here today, and make a breakthrough there tomorrow. Our legion is almost done." "The Battle of Guangchang lost its money." The voice of discussion is getting louder and louder, and the words are getting sharper and sharper. Zhu De, as a field commander, couldn't sit still.He disliked Li De's behavior.After Li De arrived in the Soviet area, Zhu De talked to him many times about the successful experience of fighting against "encirclement and suppression" in the past.The Central Red Army is an army pulled together by Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Zhou Enlai and other comrades. It has been fighting hard for eight years since the August 1st Uprising and the Jinggangshan struggle. It has finally achieved such a scale and strength.Right now, being taken to the battlefield to fight recklessly, to sacrifice needlessly, will cost thousands of dollars per death, can you not feel distressed? Zhu De said solemnly and heavily: "We lost the decisive battle in Lichuan, and we lost again in the decisive battle in Guangchang." Bogu, Zhu De, Li De, Gu Zuolin, etc., who are the highest leaders on the front line, Zhu De was the first to express his position like this, and Bogu was naturally unhappy.He didn't expect Zhu De to say that.When meeting before the meeting, Zhu De did not explain what he meant.In the tense atmosphere at the venue, wouldn't the commander-in-chief add fuel to the flames by saying this? Zhu De didn't take that much into account. He continued: "It is wise for the Field Command to announce the withdrawal of Guangchang, but it is too late. Withdraw early, and the three armies will not suffer such great losses. Although Comrade Peng Dehuai suggested it, the commander If the ministry did not adopt it in time, I am also responsible.” As soon as Zhu De made his statement, the commanders of the various legions started talking again. Under such circumstances, Li De felt that it would be difficult to quell the anger in the venue by making no excuses, so he finally murmured through Wu Xiuquan: "The battle of Guangchang was not fought well, and I will be responsible." "Why didn't we lay it well? The main reason is that our fortifications are not done well, our fortress is not strong enough, and the enemy's attacking team is very dense, and we have no way to carry out an assault." "Now, we still need to strengthen our defenses and build better fortifications to stop the enemy's southward offensive." Before Li De could finish speaking, Bogu took over the topic: "The enemy has occupied Guangchang, where will they attack next? They want to capture Jianning and threaten Ruijin, the red capital. The Soviet area and the Red Army are separated, so we must study countermeasures well, smash the enemy's attack, defend the Soviet area, defend Ruijin..." This meeting lasted for several hours and ended late at night. After the meeting, Bo Gu and Li De talked to Peng Dehuai again.Li De did not have the slightest intention of self-criticism, and kept silent about the experience and lessons of the failure of the Guangchang Battle. He still talked about his old ways, such as how to conduct short assaults, how to organize firepower, and so on. Peng Dehuai became angry all of a sudden, and said angrily: "With the enemy's bunkers densely covered, if you conduct a short assault, ten times out of ten will fail, and none of them will be successful." "Comrade Peng Dehuai, isn't your opinion too extreme?" Li De could not deny his tactics like this at all. Peng Dehuai also showed no mercy to such a stubborn boss: "How to organize the firepower? There are no bullets at all!" Peng Dehuai continued to criticize: "Your command was wrong from the beginning. Our army has not fought a few good battles since the fourth counter-campaign against 'encirclement and suppression'." Peng Dehuai took a great risk in saying this.In "Self-Report", he wrote: "I expressed my opinion freely and without reservation, and boldly prepared for personal misfortune." Peng Dehuai pointed out that the biggest mistake in command was the lack of concentration of troops, separating the first and third armies who were like brothers, and doing everything they could to defeat the battle.He said: "In the waiting battle in Tuancun, if the first and third army regiments are not separated and used in a concentrated manner, three divisions and fifteen regiments of the enemy army can be wiped out. We can surrender our guns and ammunition, capture the enemy soldiers, and replenish our own troops. Consumption in battle. The enemy has the help of the national regime and imperialism, and we rely on what we get from the enemy. You don't understand such a truth at all. "In the Xunkou encounter, we wiped out one brigade of the enemy, and we were not allowed to delay for half a day to wipe out the last battalion that was surrounded. The commanders in front did not have such maneuvering power, so they insisted on asking the army to go to the saltpeter, and almost wiped out the three armies. "The second Nanfeng Offensive under the command of Ruijin almost caused the entire army of the First Army to be wiped out. Even the mortars were placed at a certain point on the map. In fact, one hundred thousandth of the map in this area , I haven’t tested it at all, I just asked for it, and sometimes the direction is wrong. If it weren’t for the high awareness of the Red Army, the first and third armies would have been sent away by you long ago. "Did you see this battle of Guangchang! You are a subjectivist, a tactician who works on the map. It has been eight years since the Central Soviet Area was founded in 1927, and it has been six years since the First and Third Army Corps have been active. It can be seen that It is not easy to establish a base area. 'The boy sells Ye Tian's heart does not hurt', he is sent away!" This passage greatly angered Li De. The description of the scene at that time in "Peng Dehuai's Self-Report" is very wonderful: this passage was translated by Comrade Wu Xiuquan, and Li De did not get angry.I know there is no full turn over, if it is all turn over, how can there be no reason not to get angry?I asked Comrade Yang Shangkun to re-read it.At this time Li De roared: "Feudalism! Feudalism!" He jumped to my delight.He continued to scold me, saying that it was because he was dissatisfied with the removal of the vice chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council (the removal is a fact, but I don’t know why), I said, that’s not the case at all, now how to defeat the enemy is the main thing .I called him obscene and shameless, and despised him.At that time, I carried the old military uniform in my bag and planned to go with him to Ruijin, where I would be tried, expelled from the party, and beheaded. The furious Li De couldn't do anything to Peng Dehuai.After returning to Ruijin, Li Defeng spread rumors that Peng Dehuai was leaning to the right. The bloody battle in Guangchang did not wake up Bo Gu and Li De.In Li De's battle plan from May to July of 1934, the idea of ​​"short assault" of "not giving up an inch of the Soviet area" still runs through. The theoretical publication "Revolution and War" of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission is still actively promoting the theory of "short assault".This time, Li De was no longer singing alone, he began to mobilize the masses—to mobilize all the commanders of the main force to play for him, to prove the correctness of his new tactics—to mobilize the commander of the First Army Lin Biao, the Fifth Army Chief Dong Zhentang, Commander-in-Chief Zhu De, and even local troops such as Jiangxi Military Region Commander Chen Yi, Fujian-Zhejiang-Jiangxi Military Region Commander-in-Chief Fang Zhimin, and of course his old "enemy" Peng Dehuai, commander of the three armies. After the victory of Gao Hunao's blockade, Peng Dehuai was ordered to write an article.Peng Dehuai recalled this in his "Self-Report": This was fought by using special terrain, using a reverse slope at the foot of the mountain, and completely catching the enemy by surprise. They seized this point to make a big publicity to explain what their so-called "short assault" is, and took the opportunity to appoint me to write an article proving their "short assault" tactic correct.When I wrote it, they kept what suited their taste and cut out what didn't suit them.In particular, the sentence "This is a victory achieved under special circumstances, and does not prove that the short assault is suitable" was deleted, and it was revised to the opposite meaning, that is, to prove that the "short assault" was correct. At the same time, after the revision, my Agreed and published.