Chapter 10 4th century BC (370-361 BC)

1. Tian Yinqi, the monarch (fourth term) of Qi State (capital Linzi), went to Luoyang (east of Baima Temple, Luoyang City, Henan Province) to meet Ji Xi, King of Zhou Kingdom (capital Luoyang) (forty term Lie Wang).At this time, the Zhou Kingdom was in a state of weakness, and the monarchs of the feudal states had long forgotten about it. When Tian Yinqi made such a sudden move, the feudal states were greatly surprised, thinking that it was his sage. (Qi State is still the third monarch Huan Gong Tian Wu reigning this year, the original record is wrong.) Bo Yang said: Tian Yinqi, the king of the state of Qi, suddenly pays homage to the King of the Zhou Kingdom, whom no one has paid attention to for a long time.It is expected that the various countries praised him for his brilliance.But it would be too outrageous to praise him for his wisdom.

The original text of Sima Guang is: "King Wei of Qi came to court... the world uses this to benefit the king." In fact, Mr. Tian Yinqi did not declare himself king until the first three, three, and four years after thirty-six years.The identity of this year (before 370) is still nothing more than a feudal monarch.According to our righteousness doctrine: "What is what is." At this time, he cannot be said to be the king at all.Calling official titles in advance is one of the most disturbing features of traditional Chinese history books. It reads like falling into a cloud.In terms of this record alone, the distance between the king of the feudal country and the king of the kingdom is hundreds of thousands of miles.Don't know where the "Wei Wang" is?I don't even know where the "Prestige King" is?When there is no such thing in the world, traditional historians insist that there is such a thing.

Mr. Sima Guang once severely condemned the three major families to carve up the state of Jin as a violation of ethics.Mr. Kong Qiu's "Spring and Autumn" still persists in referring to the "King of Chu" as "the son of Chu", but Sima Guang does not even have this persistence.The title of "rebel" Tian Yinqi was not only respected, but used in advance, and his most important "rank" and "name" were smashed first. This at least proves that the traditional view of historical writing and history can no longer gain a foothold. If Confucius writes "Spring and Autumn" now, he can't stick to "Chu Zi".The situation is stronger than people, and a subjective hope that only stands in the position of a minority will never shake the facts.Sima Guang tried his best, but he still had to give in.

2. The State of Zhao (Handan, the capital) attacked the State of Qi, and the army arrived in Juancheng (Juancheng County, Shandong Province). 3. The State of Wei (the capital of Anyi) defeated the army of the State of Zhao in Huai County (southwest of Wuzhi County, Henan Province). 4. Tian Yinqi, the fourth ruler of Qi State, summoned the city lord (doctor) of Jimo (southeast of Pingdu City, Shandong Province) to the capital Linzi (East Linzi Town, Zibo City, Shandong Province), and said to him: "Since I ordered you to go Jimo, I receive reports of accusations against you every day. However, I sent people to Jimo to conduct a secret investigation and found that you opened up wasteland and fields, crops are everywhere, people's lives are prosperous, officials are clean, and the eastern part of Qi is safe. The reason why you have a bad reputation , I understand, it’s just that you didn’t curry favor with those in power I left and right.” So, he increased the fiefs of 10,000 households as a reward.He also summoned the city owner (doctor) of Ayi (Dong'e County, Shandong Province) to Linzi, the capital, and said to him: "Since I ordered you to go to Ayi, I have heard praises for you almost every day. However, I sent someone to Ayi conducted a secret investigation and found that this was not the case at all. The fields there were barren and the peasants were poor. Some time ago, the State of Zhao attacked Juancheng (Juancheng County, Shandong Province), but you did not lead an army to rescue it. The State of Wei occupied Xueling (Shandong Province) Northeast of Yanggu County, the air distance between Xueling and Ayi is less than ten kilometers), but you pretended not to know. I understand that all the words I heard about you were bought with money. "So he ordered that the city lord of Ayi and the group of sharks that usually praised the lord of Ayi be cooked in a cauldron.The whole country was shaken, the officials were terrified and fearful, and they did not dare to make any more mysteries. Everyone changed their attitudes and took things seriously.The Qi State ruled and became a powerful country.

5. Mi Zang, the king of the Kingdom of Chu (capital Yingdu) (the eighteenth King Su), passed away without a son, and his younger brother Mi Liangfu succeeded him (the nineteenth), as King Xuan. 6. The king of Song State (capital Suiyang) (33rd Pigong) Song Pibing passed away, and his son Song Ticheng succeeded to the throne (34th). 1. Solar eclipse. 2. Ji Xi, the king of Zhou Kingdom (the capital of Luoyang) passed away, and his younger brother Ji Bian succeeded to the throne (forty-first) as the king. 3. The civil strife in the state of Wei (the capital Anyi) (refer to 371 years ago) has lasted for three years. The state official (doctor) Wang made a mistake and defected to South Korea (the capital Xinzheng).Gongsun Qi, the state official (doctor) of South Korea, suggested to the monarch (the fifth Yihou) Han Ruoshan: "The state of Wei is already rotten and dying. We should annex it." Ren Chenghou) and Zhao Zhong formed an alliance and jointly attacked the State of Wei. They fought in Zhuoze (west of Yongji County, Shanxi Province, 50 kilometers away from Anyi Aviation). Yi (Xia County, Shanxi Province).Zhao Zhong advocated: "Kill Wei Fu, and make the prince slow to be the king of Wei. Give us some of the land, and we will retreat." Han Ruoshan said: "Kill Wei Fu, and we will get a reputation for brutality. Ceded the land , and gained a reputation for being greedy. It is better to divide the Wei State into two, and divide it into two countries, so that both of them can be kings. After the Wei State is divided into two, it will become one, just like Song and Wei If we are a small country, we can get rid of the pressure of Wei forever." Zhao Zhong disagreed, and Han Ruoshan was very upset, so he withdrew his troops at night.Zhao Zhong was alone, so he had no choice but to withdraw his troops.Wei Fu then took the opportunity to attack and kill his rival, Gong Zhongxu, and succeeded him as the king (three terms).

Sima Qian said: The reason why Wei Yu was able to live without death and the country was not divided was because the conspiracy of Han and Zhao were different.If one family agrees with the other, the state of Wei will be divided, so it is said: "When the monarch dies, there is no legal heir, and his country can be broken." Bo Yang said: After Wei's army was defeated, all he had to do was wait for the enemy to kill him. It was a dangerous situation that even gods could not save.However, the enemy broke out in an instant, which was unexpected and unimaginable.This is the problem. There are so many people in the world who are inconceivable, escape from danger is inconceivable, and victims are also inconceivably suffered.Han Ruoshan and Zhao Zhong were both big figures at the time, don't think that every decision made by the big men was justified, when you meet mediocre or violent people, unimaginable changes may happen.

1. Qi State (capital Linzi) attacked Wei State (capital Anyi) and occupied Guanjin (Wuyi County, Hebei Province). 2. The State of Zhao (Handan, the capital) attacked the State of Qi and occupied the Great Wall built by the State of Qi (the Great Wall of Qi, at the northern foot of Mount Tai in the central part of Shandong Province, from Pingyin County, Shandong Province in the east, to Jiaonan City, Shandong Province in the west). There is no record for this year. 1. Wei Guo (capital Anyi) and South Korea (capital Xinzheng) held a high-level meeting in Zhaiyang (east of Xingyang City, Henan Province).

2. The state of Qin (capital Liyang) defeated the coalition forces of Wei and Han in the outskirts of Luoyang (east of Baima Temple, Luoyang City, Henan Province), the capital of the Zhou Kingdom. 1. Wei State (capital Anyi) attacked Song State (capital Suiyang). 1. The monarch of Qin State (capital Liyang) (the twenty-fourth Xiangong) Yingshi Xi defeated Han (capital Xinzheng), Wei (capital Anyi) and Zhao (capital Handan) in Shimen (east of Xunyi County, Shaanxi Province) The Allied Forces of the Three Kingdoms killed 60,000 people.King Ji Bian of Zhou Kingdom (capital Luoyang) presented a kind of clothes (軼軻) embroidered with black and white and black and blue patterns, ax and two "ji" patterns to Yingshi Xi.

There is no record for this year. 1. The State of Wei (Anyi, the capital) defeated the armies of South Korea (Xinzheng, the capital) and the State of Zhao (Handan, the capital) in Huishui (Nanhui River, Yicheng County, Shanxi Province). 2. Qin State (capital Liyang) and Wei State fought in Shaoliang (southwest of Hancheng City, Shaanxi Province). Wei State was defeated, and the prime minister Gong Shucuo (sound cuo) was captured. 3. Wei Xun, the monarch of the state of Wei (Puyang, the capital) (forty-two Ren Shenggong), passed away, and his son Wei Wei (sound su) succeeded him (forty-three), and became Marquis Cheng.

4. Lord Huan (36th term) of Yan State (the capital of Jicheng) passed away, and Wen Gong (unknown name) succeeded to the throne (37th term). 5. The king of the state of Qin (the twenty-fourth Xiangong) Ying Shixi passed away, and his son Ying Quliang (the twenty-fifth) succeeded to the throne as duke filial piety.Ying Quliang is 21 years old this year.At this time, to the east of the Yellow River and Mount Hua (south of Huayin City, Shaanxi Province), there were six powerful states (Qi, Han, Zhao, Wei, Yan, and Chu).There are more than ten small states between the Huaihe River and Surabaya.The Kingdom of Chu and the State of Wei both border on the State of Qin.In order to defend the Qin State, Wei State built the Great Wall from Zheng County (Hua County, Shaanxi Province) along the Luo River (running through the central part of Shaanxi Province and flowing into the Wei River in the southeast of Dali County, Shaanxi Province) to Shangjun (Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province).The Kingdom of Chu has a vast territory from Hanzhong (Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province), through Bacheng (Chongqing City), and south to Guizhong (Yuanling County, Hunan Province). They all regard Qin as a barbarian tribe in a backward area. (Central Plains) Various international conferences have always refused Qin to participate.This kind of discrimination made Ying Quliang deeply humiliated, and determined to rectify the internal affairs, improve the cultural level, and pursue strength.

1. Ying Quliang, the monarch of Qin State (the capital of Liyang), issued an order to recruit talents: "In the past, our monarch Mu Gong (the ninth Ren Hao), was in Qishan (northeast of Qishan County, Shaanxi Province), Yong County (Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province), making great efforts to rule. The East and the Jin Kingdom are bounded by the Yellow River, assisting them to quell the civil strife. The West dominates the barbarians and Didi, with a vast land, and the emperor is named the leader of the alliance. .Unfortunately, a series of unworthy monarchs appeared, such as Li Gong (the seventeenth term won the assassin), Cao Gong (the eighteenth term, whose name is unknown), Jian Gong (the twenty-first term won the mourning son), Chu Gong (the twenty-third term, The name is unknown), the country was in turmoil, and it was unable to take care of foreign affairs. Therefore, the state of Jin occupied the Hexi territory of my ancestors (the area between Heyang County and Dali County, Shaanxi Province, between the Great Wall of Wei and the Yellow River), and made us embarrassed. My father Xiangong (2 The 14th Yingshi Xi) ascended the throne and moved the capital to Liyang (Lintong County, Shaanxi Province), preparing for the Eastern Expedition, recovering the lost land, and reviving the momentum of the year. It is a pity that the ambition was not fulfilled, and he passed away. Every time I think about it, I am extremely sad. Now we Publicly recruit talented people, whether it is the people of the country or foreign guests, as long as there is a strategy to make the Qin State strong, I am willing to appoint him as a high-ranking official and entrust him with fiefdoms." Gongsun Yang, a nobleman of the State of Wei (the capital of Puyang), heard the news and went west. defected. Gongsun Yang is the descendant of the concubine son of the king of the state of Wei (Liu Yuanfu said: "Father is the king of the state, he is called son, and the ancestor is the king of the state, and he is called grandson." In the second year of his succession, it is common sense to infer that he should not have such a big grandson), studied law, loved order, and believed in the theory of the Legalist school, so he became a giant of the Legalist school.Worked as a clerk in the Prime Minister's Mansion of the State of Wei (the capital Anyi). The Prime Minister's father-in-law Cuo knew that he was talented and was about to recommend him, but he fell ill and was bedridden. ", in fact, at this time he was still the king), went to visit the sick, and saw that the father-in-law Cuo was dying, and was very sad, and said: "There is a life, who can not die? However, after you leave, the state affairs, I will follow Who will discuss it?" Gong Shucuo said: "My entourage (the concubine) Gongsun Yang, although young, has a genius in his chest, I hope you can trust him and entrust the country to him to govern." Handing it over to a young man who had never known him and was of humble status, he couldn't digest the sudden suggestion.Uncle Gong then said: "If you can't use him, then please kill him immediately, don't tell him to leave the country, otherwise he will go to another country, and Wei will have future troubles." Wei Yan was stunned again, so he could only hesitate a few words, and got up to leave.Uncle Gong found Gongsun Yang, apologized and said: "I'm sorry, I am the prime minister of the country, and I must take the interests of the country as the premise, so first persuade the leader to use you or kill you. Then I will tell you, please run away quickly." !" Gongsun Yang said: "The leader can't listen to your words and use me, how can he listen to your words and kill me?" After Wei Yu left the prime minister's mansion, he said to the left and right: "The prime minister is seriously ill and has been incoherent. Please teach me later. Using Gongsun Yang as prime minister, and later teaching me to kill Gongsun Yang, he himself doesn’t know what he’s talking about.” After Gongsun Yang arrived in Qin State, he met with Ying Quliang through the recommendation of his favorite minister Jing Jian, and proposed a specific plan to enrich the country and strengthen the army. Ying Quliang was overjoyed and asked Gongsun Yang to implement it.